Chapter X: Introduction: By Albert Shaw (8)

But while these surpassing industries have given Pittsburgh her wealth, population, supremacy and power, commercial materialism is not the _ultima thule_ of her people. She has the largest and handsomest court-house in the world, the crowning architectural triumph of H. H. Richardson. Her churches and schoolhouses are found in nearly every block. She spends a quarter of a million annually on her parks,—Schenley and Highland. She maintains by popular support one of the three symphony orchestras in America. She has given many famous names to Science, Literature and Art. Her astronomical observatory is known throughout the world. Her rich men are often liberal beyond their own needs—particularly so William Thaw, who spent millions for education and benevolence; Mrs. Mary Schenley, who has given the city a great park, four hundred picturesque acres in the very heart of its boundaries; and Henry Phipps, who erected the largest conservatory for plants and flowers in our country. There is one other, Andrew Carnegie, whose wise and continuous use of vast wealth for the public good is nearly beyond human precedent. Mr. Carnegie has spent many millions on libraries, art galleries and scientific museums in Pittsburgh alone, and millions more for similar institutions in other parts of the world. The Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh, comprising Art Galleries, Library, Museum and Music Hall, now in its fourth year, is the rallying-ground of the whole people in their growing love of æsthetic and spiritual life. Its doors are open all day, from nine in the morning until ten at night, free to the people. And the people use it with delight, more than five hundred thousand of them having thronged its halls in this past year.

Pittsburgh is truly an imperial city.

FOOTNOTES

[1] Reproduced by permission of Augustus Pruyn, Albany, N. Y.

[2] Reproduced by permission of Dr. Samuel B. Ward, Albany, N. Y.

[3] Reproduced by permission from _King Washington_, by Adelaide Skeel and William H. Brearley.

[4] From _Book of Newburgh_.

[5] _From Spirit of ’76_.

[6] From _American Patriots_.

[7] Reproduced by permission from _Bowling Green_, by Spencer Trask.

[8] Reproduced by permission from _Bowling Green_, by Spencer Trask.

[9] Reproduced by permission from _The Outlook_.

[10] Reproduced by permission of Lewis C. Vandegrift, Wilmington, Del.

[11] Reproduced by permission of Henry C. Conrad, Wilmington, Del.

[12] Reproduced by permission of Buffalo Historical Society.

[13] Subsequently the river bore the name of North River, to distinguish it from the Delaware, the South River of Nieu Nederlandt. In fact the fair stream has been renamed as often as a Parisian street. Albany has shared the fate of the river.

[14] The Chart illustrating this article is one of a later date.

[15] See page 93, Bradford’s _History of Plimoth Plantation. From the original manuscript_. Boston, 1898. This original MS. in the above year was transferred with appropriate ceremonies from the library of the Archiepiscopal Palace at Fulham to the archives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

[16] The writer is indebted to As-que-sent-wah, a member of the Onondaga tribe, an authority upon Indian local lore, and well known among white men as Edward Winslow Paige, for an account of the tradition which fixes the residence of Hiawatha at Schonowe. Mr. Paige owns the lot at the west end of Union Street on the bank of the Binnekill, upon which the castle and residence stood. He points out to the visitor existing traces of the Indian occupation.

[17] He was drowned in October, 1667, in Lake Champlain, while journeying to Canada in response to the pressing invitation of the Governor General to visit him.

[18] Governor Leisler was afterwards unjustly condemned and executed for high treason; the destruction of Schenectady being one of the charges against him.

[19] He came again in 1782, when the struggle was practically over. The authorities and the people did their utmost in his honor. This he suitably acknowledged in a letter addressed “To the magistrates and military authorities of the township of Schenectady,” closing in these words: “May the complete blessings of peace soon reward your arduous struggle for the freedom and independence of our common country.”

[20] “Ten eynde de Gemeente niet verstroyt werde.”

[21] EPITAPH OF JOSHUA DE KOCKERTHAL, IN BURYING-GROUND AT SAUGERTIES, N. Y.

Wisse Wandersman Unter diesem Steine Rusht nebst Seiner Sibylla Charlotte Ein Rechter Wandersman Per Hoch Jeutsehen in Nord America ihr Josua und der selben an Der Ost and West seite Der Hudson’s River rein Lutherischer Prediger. Seine erste an Kunft war mit Lrd Lovelace, 1707-8, den 1 Januar. Seine sweite mit Col. Hunter 1710 d. 14 Juny. Seine Englandische ruc reise unterbrach Seine Seelen Himmelische reise an St. Johannis sage 1719. Regherstu mehr Ku wissen So untersuche in Welaneh thons vaterland, Wer war de Kockerthal, Wer Harschias, Wer Winchenbuch, B. Berkenmayer, S. Heurtin, L. Brevort.

MDCCXLII.

Know, Wanderer, under this stone rests beside his Sybilla Charlotte a right wanderer, the Joshua of the High Dutch in N. America, the pure Lutheran Preacher of them on the East and West side of the Hudson River. His first arrival was with Lord Lovelace in 1707, the first of January. His second with Colonel Hunter, 1710, the fourteenth of June. His voyage back to England was prevented (literally interrupted) by the voyage of his soul to Heaven, on St. John’s Day, 1719. Do you wish to know more? Seek in Melancthon’s fatherland who was Kockerthal, who was Harschias, who Winchenbuch, B. Berkenmayer, S. Heurtin, L. Brevort.

1742.

[22] On this Glebe site was erected about 1730 the Lutheran Church of the Palatine Parish by Quassaick. Reverend Michael Christian Knoll, Pastor.

From July 19, 1747, the Reverend Hezekiah Watkins of the Church of England held services for about twenty-five years.

Erected by Quassaick Chapter, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

[23]

IN MEMORY OF
REVEREND HEZEKIAH WATKINS
YALE 1737 ORDAINED 1754 IN ENGLAND
SENT HERE BY VEN. SOC. P. G. IN F. P.
FOUNDED THE PARISHES OF
S. DAVID’S, S. ANDREW’S AND S. GEORGE’S
RESIDENT MINISTER AT NEWBURGH
FROM 1752 UNTIL HIS DEATH.
APRIL 10, 1765. AET. 57.

_Tablet in S. George’s Church, Newburgh._

[24]

GEORGE CLINTON
MEMBER OF CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
1775-1777
BRIGADIER-GENERAL CONTINENTAL ARMY
1777
GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
1777-85—1801-4
VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
1804-1812

_Cara Patria Carior Libertas._

Inscription on Clinton Statue in Colden Square, Newburgh. Statue by Henry Kirke Brown. Presented to the city by the Historical Society of Newburgh Bay and the Highlands and other citizens. Unveiled on the 119th anniversary of the battles of Forts Clinton and Montgomery in the Highlands.

[25] The change from Vredryk Flypse to Frederick Philips was synchronously made—both names being changed at the same time.

[26] The word is commonly spelt thus for the mountains, but thus—_Allegheny_—for the river, county and city.

[27] “The commissaries will issue a gill of whiskey, extraordinary, to the non-commissioned officers and privates, upon this joyful occasion.”—General Irvine’s Order.

INDEX

A

Abercrombie, General, 30, 51

Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia, 332

Ackland, Lady, 64

Adams, John, 266

Adams, Mrs. John, 310

Adams, John Quincy, 380

Albany, W. W. Battershall on, 1-37;
settled by Dutch, 1-9;
captured by English, 9;
incorporated, 10;
English church built, 14;
its frontier position, 15-18;
during the French wars, 18;
convention of 1754, 20;
in the Revolution, 20-23;
becomes the State Capital, 24;
historic survivals in, 24-37;
architecture of, 30-32;
the Capitol described, 32-34

Aldrich, T. B., 205

Allegheny, 414

_Almirante Oquendo_, 244

American Philosophical Society, 310, 318

Amersfoort, 216, 219

Amherst, Lord, 52

Amsterdam, 3, 6

André, John, in New York, 194;
capture of, 158-161

Andros, Edmund, 176

Army, American, volunteer system organized, 380

Arnold, B., at Saratoga, 62;
in Philadelphia, 312;
treason of, 160, 161, 182, 195

Arnold, Matthew, cited, 300

As-que-sent-wah, _see_ E. W. Paige

B

Baldwin’s Locomotive Works, 326

Baltimore, Congress flees to, 272

Barbadoes, Washington’s voyage to, 393

Barclay, Rev. T., quoted, 100

Barnard College, 207

Baron, Father, 407

Bartram, John, and his garden, 312, 314

Battershall, W. W., on Albany, 1-37

Bayard, James A., 360

Bayard, Richard A., 360

Bayard, Thomas F., 350, 351

Beatty, Charles, quoted, 268

Beatty, Rev., preaches first Protestant sermon at Pittsburgh, 407

Bedford, Gunning, 267

Bedford, Gunning, Jr., 358

Beecher, H. W., 247

Beekman Mansion, 195-197

Belcher, Governor J., 252, 257

Bemis Heights, 23, 41, 64

Bennington, battle of, 58

Bertholf, Rev. G., at Tarrytown, 154

Beverwyck, 73, 81

Biddle, Colonel, 122

Bidwell, D. D., 390

Binney, Horace, house of, 318

_Bird Grip_, Swedish vessel, 337

Bjork, Rev. Eric, builds Old Swedes’ Church, 349

Black Rock, battery at, 373, 384

“Block House,” the Pittsburgh, 408

Bloomingdale, absorbed by New York, 188

Blue Anchor, the Swedish tavern, 301

Bordentown, 269

Boston, 181, 188

Boudinot, President, of Princeton, 288

Bouquet, Col. Henry, builds the “Block House,” 407;
defeats Indians, 407-410

Bowles, naval constructor, 244

Bowling Green, 193

Boyle, H., 107

Brackinridge, 269

Bracola, _see_ Brooklyn

Braddock, defeat and death of, 51, 399-404, 416

Braddock’s Field, 418

Bradford, Governor, quoted, 4, 6

Bradford, press of, 306

Brainerd, David, expelled from Yale, 256

Brandt, 56

Brazil, Emperor of, 206

Breuckelen, _see_ Brooklyn

Brewster, E. A., 135

Brinkerhoff, M., 132

Broadhead, Colonel, attacks Indians, 412

Brocklandia, _see_ Brooklyn

Broecke, _see_ Brooklyn

Broeckede, _see_ Brooklyn

Broicklede, _see_ Brooklyn

Bronck, Jonas, 77, 80

Brooklyn, 181, 186, 271;
Harrington Putnam on, 213-249;
Dutch settlement, 213;
Dutch settlers described, 216-220;
first church, 220-222;
British rule, 224-227;
battle of Long Island, 228-240;
the Navy Yard, 242;
Fort Lafayette, 244-248;
modern Brooklyn, 248

Brooklyn Institute, 249

Brown, General, in War of 1812, 378, 380, 381

Brown, H. K., 119, 125, 135

Bryant, Wm. Cullen, 215

Buffalo, Rowland B. Mahany on, 367-391;
founding of, 367;
early history, 368;
incorporated, 370;
strategic position in the War of 1812, 373;
Perry’s victory, 376;
burning of, 377;
battle of Chippewa, 378;
Lundy’s Lane, 380;
unsuccessful siege by the British of Fort Erie, 381;
the Erie Canal, 382-384;
the modern city, 385-391

Burgoyne, surrender at Saratoga, 22, 23, 58-68;
imprisoned at Albany, 28

Burns, Robert, statue of, 36

Burr, Aaron, 28, 204, 205, 254, 259, 267

Burr, Rev. Aaron, 252, 259

Burr, Dr. Horace, 350

Burwell, Dr. G. N., 389

Bushy Run, battle at, 410