Chapter I: Preface

The triad of volumes dealing with the older _American Historic Towns_ along or near the eastern coast is now complete. The three volumes, like the chapters of which they are composed, have their inevitable limitations. While neither in historical value nor in literary quality has it proved practicable to secure a uniformity of standard, editor and contributors have done the best they could, and they now feel assured that the series has proved its right to exist. It is quickening interest in our historic towns, bringing to light important facts, picturing for the patriotic reader who may not be free to make personal visits the places he would visit if he could, and making clear to him many things he would not be likely to learn in the towns themselves, however long a stay he might be free to make.

Like the preceding issues, this volume has a patriotic and educational purpose, but it goes forth also on an irenic mission. The editor’s father, dead almost a quarter of a century, lived in a little border town where in war times love and hate alike were hot. An avowed and fearless Unionist, he was also a true and faithful pacificator. As Mr. Rule has said of Louisville, James B. R. Powell “occupied a position similar to that of Tennyson’s sweet little heroine, Annie, who, sitting between Enoch and Philip, with a hand of each in her own, would weep,

“‘And pray them not to quarrel for her sake.’”

In planning and in shaping this volume, the editor hopes that he is proving himself worthy of an honored father, whose name he would connect in this way with the work and with the series.

His special acknowledgments are due to his wife, Gertrude Wilson Powell, for discriminating and invaluable assistance at every stage, and to Professor W. P. Trent, who, in addition to the preparation of a comprehensive Introduction, has ever been ready with such counsel and suggestions as enhance in many ways the value of the volume.

LYMAN P. POWELL.

ST. JOHN’S RECTORY,
LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

August 10, 1900.

CONTENTS

PAGE
BALTIMORE St. George L. Sioussat 1

ANNAPOLIS Sara Andrew Shafer 47

FREDERICK TOWN Sara Andrew Shafer 75

WASHINGTON Frank A. Vanderlip 101

RICHMOND ON THE JAMES William Wirt Henry 151

WILLIAMSBURG Lyon G. Tyler 185

WILMINGTON Joseph Blount Cheshire 219

CHARLESTON Yates Snowden 249

SAVANNAH Pleasant Alexander Stovall 293

MOBILE Peter J. Hamilton 327

MONTGOMERY George Petrie 379

NEW ORLEANS Grace King 411

VICKSBURG H. F. Simrall 433

KNOXVILLE Joshua W. Caldwell 449

NASHVILLE Gates P. Thruston 477

LOUISVILLE Lucien V. Rule 503

LITTLE ROCK George B. Rose 537

ST. AUGUSTINE George R. Fairbanks 557

ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTON, D. C. _Frontispiece_

BALTIMORE

OLD COURT-HOUSE (1768) AND POWDER MAGAZINE 5
From an old print in the possession of the Maryland
Historical Society.

EDWARD FELL, IN UNIFORM OF PROVINCIAL FORCES 9
From original painting in possession of William Fell
Johnson.

MOALE’S SKETCH OF BALTIMORE IN 1752 13
From the original in the possession of the Maryland
Historical Society.

BATTLE MONUMENT 17

MOUNT CLARE, 1760, RESIDENCE OF CHARLES CARROLL, BARRISTER 19

BOOS HOUSE, NEAR WHICH LAFAYETTE’S TROOPS ENCAMPED 23

JOHN EAGER HOWARD 27
From the painting by Rembrandt Peale, owned by R. Bayard.

ST. PAUL’S CHURCH 31
From an old copper print, owned by Rev. J. S. B. Hodges.

BELVIDERE, 1786, THE HOME OF COLONEL JOHN E. HOWARD 35
From the original in the possession of the Misses McKim,
Belvidere Terrace, Baltimore, Md.

BUST OF JOHNS HOPKINS 43
From the original in Johns Hopkins Hospital.

SEAL OF BALTIMORE 45

ANNAPOLIS

GEORGE CALVERT, FIRST LORD BALTIMORE 48
Reproduced from an old print.

CECILIUS CALVERT, SECOND LORD BALTIMORE 49
Reproduced from an old print.

ST. JOHN’S COLLEGE AND THE TREATY TREE 55

THE STATE HOUSE 57

CHARLES CARROLL OF CARROLLTON, 1737-1832 60

THE OLD HOUSE OF BURGESSES, NOW USED AS THE STATE
TREASURY 61

THE BRICE HOUSE 62

THE PEGGY STEWART HOUSE 64

THE BURNING OF THE “PEGGY STEWART” 65
From the painting by Frank B. Mayer.

THE NAVAL INSTITUTE 69
(Where the battle-flags are kept.)

THE OLD GOVERNOR’S MANSION, NOW THE NAVAL ACADEMY
LIBRARY 72

THE SEAL OF THE NAVAL ACADEMY 73

FREDERICK TOWN

PROSPECT HALL. THE DULANY MANSION 81

ROSE HILL, THE HOME OF GOVERNOR THOMAS JOHNSON 86

GOVERNOR THOMAS JOHNSON AND FAMILY 89
From the painting by Charles Wilson Peale.

FRANCIS SCOTT KEY 91

CHIEF JUSTICE ROGER B. TANEY 92

THE OLD REFORMED CHURCH 95

BARBARA FRIETCHIE 96

HOME OF BARBARA FRIETCHIE 97

THE HATED BRITISH TAX-STAMP, 1765-1766 99

WASHINGTON

PIERRE CHARLES L’ENFANT 105

STATUE OF GEN. WINFIELD SCOTT, WASHINGTON 118

THE CAPITOL 123
From the Congressional Library.

THE CITY OF WASHINGTON IN 1800 127
From an old print.

THE WHITE HOUSE 129
From the northeast.

STATE, WAR AND NAVY BUILDING 133
From the southeast.

THE “OCTAGON HOUSE” USED BY PRESIDENT AND MRS.
MADISON DURING THE REBUILDING OF THE WHITE
HOUSE IN 1814 137

GRAND STAIRCASE IN THE HALL OF THE CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY 139

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY 143
From the southwest.

ROTUNDA OF THE CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY, WASHINGTON 145

WASHINGTON MONUMENT 149
Looking across the “flats.”

THE SEAL OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 150

RICHMOND ON THE JAMES

GRAVE OF POWHATAN ON THE JAMES 153

COLONEL WILLIAM EVELYN BYRD 157
From a painting by Sir Godfrey Kneller.

OLD STONE HOUSE, BUILT IN 1737 160

BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF RICHMOND 163

WASHINGTON MONUMENT AND CAPITOL, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 167

HENRY CLAY 169

THE MARSHALL HOUSE, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 172

RICHMOND IN FLAMES 177

MONUMENT TO GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE, RICHMOND 179

THE WHITE HOUSE OF THE CONFEDERACY, RICHMOND 180

MONUMENT OVER CONFEDERATE DEAD AT HOLLYWOOD 181

SEAL OF RICHMOND 183

WILLIAMSBURG

“OLD POWDER-HORN” 186

INTERIOR OF BRUTON PARISH CHURCH AT WILLIAMSBURG, VA. 189

COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY 193

JACOBUS BLAIR 195
The founder of William and Mary College.

BENJ. S. EWELL 197

JOHN TYLER, SR. 200

MARY CARY, WASHINGTON’S EARLY LOVE 205

CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL 209

GEORGE WYTHE 213

JOHN TYLER, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 215

SEAL OF WILLIAM AND MARY COLLEGE 217

WILMINGTON

RESIDENCE OF JAMES SPRUNT 223
Formerly the residence of Governor Dudley.

ST. PAUL’S CHURCH, EDENTON, N. C., FROM THE SOUTHEAST 225
Begun in 1736.

HARNETT’S HOUSE, “HILTON,” NEAR WILMINGTON 230

“ORTON HOUSE” 232

THE WALLS OF ST. PHILIP’S CHURCH, BRUNSWICK 234
Showing part of the corner-stone broken out and rifled
by Federal soldiers in 1865.

COMMISSION OF LOUIS DE ROSSET AS CAPTAIN IN THE
FRENCH ARMY, SIGNED BY LOUIS XIV., AND COUNTERSIGNED
BY TELLIER 237

HUGH WADDELL 239

WILLIAM HOOPER OF NORTH CAROLINA, SIGNER OF THE DECLARATION
OF INDEPENDENCE 241

HEADQUARTERS OF LORD CORNWALLIS, WILMINGTON 243

COMMISSION OF LOUIS DE ROSSET AS CAPTAIN, GIVEN BY
WILLIAM AND MARY 245

SEAL OF WILMINGTON 247

CHARLESTON

PLAN OF CHARLESTON 253
From a survey by Edward Crisp in 1704.

ST. PHILIP’S CHURCH, CHARLESTON 255

A MODERN CHARLESTON RESIDENCE 259

DEFENCE OF FORT MOULTRIE 263
From a painting by J. A. Oertel.

THE ATTACK ON FORT MOULTRIE BY THE BRITISH FLEET, 1776 265

PHILADELPHIA STREET (COON ALLEY) 279
Scene in rear of St. Philip’s Church.

THE ATTACK ON CHARLESTON BY THE FEDERAL IRONCLAD FLEET,
APRIL 7, 1863 281

MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM MOULTRIE 285
From a painting by Col. J. Trumbull.

ST. MICHAEL’S CHURCH, CHARLESTON 289

SEAL OF CHARLESTON 292

SAVANNAH

THE POST OFFICE 295

HOUSE WHERE THE COLONIAL LEGISLATURE ASSEMBLED IN 1782 297

HEADQUARTERS OF WASHINGTON DURING A VISIT TO SAVANNAH 299

THE JASPER MONUMENT 303

THE BURIAL PLACE OF TOMOCHICHI 307

CHRIST CHURCH 309

OAKS AT BETHESDA ORPHANAGE UNDER WHICH WHITEFIELD PREACHED 310

GREAT SEAL OF GEORGIA IN COLONIAL DAYS 312

OLD FORT, WHERE POWDER MAGAZINE WAS SEIZED IN 1775 314

GENERAL OGLETHORPE 316

COUNT CASIMIR PULASKI 319

FORT PULASKI 321

R. M. CHARLTON, POET, JURIST, U. S. SENATOR 323

SEAL OF SAVANNAH 325

MOBILE

FACSIMILE PAGE OF BAPTISMAL RECORD (1704) WITH THE AUTOGRAPH
OF BIENVILLE 333

PLAN OF MOBILE AND OF FORT LOUIS IN 1711 337

THE BAY SHELL ROAD AT LOVERS’ LANE 343

MOBILE IN 1765 349

THE ELLICOTT STONE 351

PLACE WHERE AARON BURR WAS CAPTURED 354

JOHN A. CAMPBELL 362

RAPHAEL SEMMES IN 1861 364