Chapter IV: Part 4

The south side of the transept is now partitioned off, and used as a school, in which the children are instructed on the plan of Dr. Bell.

The living is a donative, extra judicial, in the presentation of the lord of the manor. It was once held by the Reverend Obadiah How, D.D. a man of considerable learning, and the author of several theological treatises; he died in 1685, and was buried in the church of Boston, of which he was vicar. It was afterwards held for more than forty years by the Reverend Michael Taylor, who died in 1730, and was buried in the midst of the nave of this church.

The college, which was situated on the north side of the church, is entirely gone. The alm-houses still remain with a small endowment.

An old building in the town, supposed to have been the parish chapel, now forms part of a malting office.

THE TOWN.

The parish of Tattershall contains about 1555 acres of land, and the hamlet of Tattershall Thorpe about 2589 acres, the principal part of which is the property of the lord of the manor.

The town has derived considerable benefit from the navigable canal, which passes through it from the river Witham to the town of Horncastle. A fine bridge of three arches having been thrown over the Witham, in the place of the ferry, with a turnpike road to Sleaford, has also contributed to the improvement of the place.

From a manuscript account of the diocese of Lincoln, taken in the year 1588, it appears that at that period Tattershall contained 236 families, and the hamlet of Tattershall Thorpe 68. By the returns made in the year 1821, it appears that the number of houses in Tattershall was 120, and of inhabitants 627: Tattershall Thorpe, at the same time, contained 39 houses, and 269 inhabitants.

There are two fairs holden annually at this place; one on the fifteenth of May, the other on the twenty-fifth of September. The market is now held on Friday weekly.

In the market place stands an octagonal column or shaft, which was once surmounted by a cross. The cross has however long since been removed and an urn substituted in its place. On three of the shields with which this column is ornamented these arms are sculptured, viz. CROMWELL, CROMWELL and TATESHALL quarterly, and CROMWELL and TATESHALL impaling DEINCOURT. The arms on the fourth shield are obliterated.

TOWER ON THE MOOR.

ON an extensive moor, about four miles north of Tattershall, and about six miles south west of Horncastle, stands the remain of a brick building, called from its situation the _Tower on the Moor_. It was built by the Lord Treasurer Cromwell, and is supposed to have been an appendage to the castle at Tattershall, from which place it is plainly visible, by reason of the flatness of the intervening country. {96}

[Picture: Tower on the Moor]

Of this tower only an octangular turret remains, to which fragments of the walls adhere; it is about sixty feet in height, and contains winding stairs of brick, now in a very ruinous condition. Traces of the fosse, by which it was surrounded, are still visible.

GEOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY OF THE SOKE AND NEIGHBOURHOOD OF HORNCASTLE.

GEOLOGY.

ALTHOUGH the Soke of Horncastle does not possess much variety in its geological structure, yet a considerable diversity is to be found in the formation of the adjacent elevated country, called the wolds. On the annexed map the denudations of the various strata in this district are traced out, and distinguished by different colours: the order of stratification is also exemplified by a section, of imaginary elevation, but on the same scale as the map with respect to horizontal distance. The section too shows a greater extent than the map to the east, where, on account of the dip of the strata towards that quarter, it is necessary to commence the description; although in point of distance it cannot be properly considered within the prescribed limits of this work.

[Picture: Geological Map]

The tract of marsh land between the sea and the wolds, (No. 1.) consists principally of unstratified clay, with admixtures of sand, and various marine depositions. These circumstances, together with the old sea banks, evidence that this mass of earth has been left by the gradual receding of the ocean.

On the west of these marshes is the rough elevated denudation of chalk, (No. 2.) which forms the highest stratum of the wolds, and gently dips underneath the marshes; for in boring in them for water the chalk is always found. The chalk is of two colours, white and red, each lying in regular strata, which alternate frequently, the red bearing but a small proportion to the white. In the white, compact seams of flint, of a light grey color, from two to six inches thick, are often met with. In the chalk several extraneous fossils are found.

The stratum immediately below the chalk, (No. 3.) is a coarse, brown, pebbly sand, consisting of quartz and oxyd of iron, varying in thickness from six to ten yards, and of uncertain appearance at its denudation. While the different strata in these parts were exposed to the action of the water, the sand would naturally be more affected by that element than the superincumbent stratum of chalk; and the latter being thus left projecting, would from the decomposing effects of the atmosphere, crumble down, and form those various declivities which now present themselves to view.

Beneath the sand is a bed, about fourteen yards in thickness, (No. 4.) containing equal proportions of oolite limestone and calcareous clay of a light grey colour. In some parts the stone is divided by the clay into regular strata, whilst in others it occurs in large detached pieces imbedded in the clay. Fossil shells, and lumps of pyrites, or sulphuret of iron, are frequently met with in the stone.

The next stratum (No. 5.) consists of grains of quartz, for the most part agglutinated into sandstone of different degrees of induration, and varying in colour from a light grey to a dark brown, whilst in some parts loose sand predominates. In the grey variety of this stone, marine shells of different kinds, are found in great abundance: in the brown they occur very seldom, and not at all in the sand. This stratum is considerably thicker than the two incumbent ones.

Beneath this is the shale, {98} (No. 6.) which generally makes its appearance in vallies; but it no where exhibits a denudated termination. On sinking a shaft in the parish of Woodhall, about six miles south-west of Horncastle, it was found to be one hundred and fifty yards in thickness. A great variety of organic remains are also found in this stratum.

Under the shale is a stratum of forest marble, which denudates about sixteen miles westward of Horncastle.

The last division to be considered is an alluvial collection of earth, almost entirely consisting of the spoils of the neighbouring strata in a state of decomposition, wherein however detached pieces of the different strata are to be found unaltered. From this it appears that when these parts were deluged by the water, the current set in from east to west. As the chalk and the shale would present the largest surfaces to the erosion of the water, they would be more extensively acted upon than the other strata: hence the greatest part of the alluvial deposition consists of white marle and blue; the former (No. 7.) being of the least specific gravity, has covered the hills, while the latter with sand and gravel (No. 8.) occupies the lower parts.

NATURAL HISTORY.

In the department of Natural History, this district possesses but little which is deserving of particular notice.

Of BIRDS there are none which can now be considered peculiar to this part, the drainage of the fen lands having entirely banished the great variety of aquatic birds which used, previous to that event, to be found here.

The PLANTS, indigenous to this district, are very numerous. From a list of several hundreds which are to be found in the neighbourhood, the following interesting ones are selected.

_Botanical Names_. _English Names_. _Where found_. Arabis thaliana Codded mouse-ear Horncastle Asplenium adiantum Black maiden-hair Tattershall nigrum Asplenium ruta Wall-rue Somersby Church muraria Atropa belladonna Deadly nightshade Miningsby Borago officinalis Borage West Ashby Butomus umbellatus Flowering rush Horncastle, Thornton Carduus marianus Milk thistle Stovin Wood, Kirkstead Chlora perfoliata Yellow centaury Edlington Chironia pulchella Small chironia Horncastle Cistus helianthemum Little sunflower Scrivelsby Comarum palustre Purple West Ashby furze-hill marsh-cinquefoil Convallaria majalis May-lily (double Highall Wood fl. pl. flower) Daphne laureola Spurge laurel Poolham Digitalis purpurea Purple fox-glove Holbeck, Salmonby, Drosera longifolia Long leaved sun-dew Tattershall Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved sun-dew Tattershall Empetrum nigrum Blackberried heath Moor Erica cinerea Fine-leaved heath Ditto Erica tetralix Cross-leaved heath Ditto Galeobdolon luteum Yellow nettle Tetford Wood Gentiana amarella Autumnal gentian Greetham, Hemingby Gentiana pneumonanthe Calathian violet Tattershall-park, Moor Malaxis paludosa Marsh tway-blade Moor Nuphar lutea Yellow water-lily West Ashby Nymphæa alba White water-lily Ditto Ophrys apifera Bee orchis Mareham-le-fen Orchis conopsea Aromatic orchis Thimbleby, Edlington Orobus tuberosus Wood peas Daw Wood Oxalis acetosella Wood sorrel Tetford Wood Paris quadrifolia Herb Paris Ditto Parnassia palustris Grass of Parnassus Horncastle Pinguicula vulgaris Butterwort Ditto Polygonum bistorta Greater bistort Horncastle Sanicula Europea Sanicle Stovin & Tetford Woods Saponaria officinalis Soapwort Baumber, Horncastle Spirea filipendula Dropwort Bridle road to Hemingby Turritis hirsuta Hairy tower mustard High Tointon Vaccinium oxycoccus Cranberry plant Moor

MINERALS occur rarely in this part, and in very small quantities. Lumps of sulphuret of iron in the oolite stratum; earthy oxide of iron and a singular blue pulverulent mineral, which is a carbonate of iron containing some earthy impurities, in a valley at Salmonby; and a stalactitic oxide of iron in the ferruginous gravel; comprise all the varieties which have yet been found.

Although ORGANIC REMAINS are to be found in some parts of this district in considerable quantities, yet they do not include many varieties. The following list of those now in the possession of the author, comprises one of almost every species which has yet been found.

_From the Chalk Stratum_. No 2.

Teeth of the Squalus or Shark.

An Impression of a Vertebræ.

A Terebratula subundata.

A Terebratula subrotunda.

A cast within some bivalve Venus.

A cast within a Terebratula semigloboso. _Sowerby’s Mineral
Conchology_, 15.

An Inoceramus Cuvierii.

An Echinus.

_From the Oolite Stratum_. No. 4.

An Ostrea, curious and not named.

A bivalve, not named.

A piece composed of the Serpula auricula.

_From the Sand Stone Stratum_. No. 5.

Ad Ammonites, curious and not named. It is without a keel; else like
Ammonites inflatus.

A Cardita. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 197.

An Inoceramus.

An Unio.

A Terebratula approaching glaber.

A Terebratula approaching acerminatus.

A Lucina concentrica.

A cast within a bivalve, not named.

A cast within a Trochus.

A cast within a Trigonia.

A cast within a Venus.

A cast within a Pecten.

A cast within a Cardium.

Several Bellemnitæ.

_From the Shale or Clunch Clay_. No. 6.

An Os Femoris of the Ichthyosaurus or Giant Lizard.

Several Vertebræ of the same animal.

An Ammonites, not named.

A Venus equales. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 21.

A Cardita.

An Ostrea crista galli. _Linnæus_.

An Ostrea under valve, with a cast of the inside of the upper valve.

A Gryphæa bullata

A Gryphites incurva. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 112, 1 _and_ 2.

An Ammonites seratus. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 24.

An Inoceramus Cuvierii hinge.

An Unio hybrida. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 154, _fig._ 2.

Several Unios.

A piece composed entirely of shells, the chief part of which are the
Serpula auricula. It also contains an inside cast of a small turretted
shell.

A Tellina.

A Pentacrinite.

A Mytilus.

Several Bellemnitæ.

_From the beds of Ferruginous Gravel in Alluvium of Shale_. No. 3.

A Tooth of the Elephant or Mastodon.

An Inoceramus Cuvierii.

An Ostrea, with a cast of the upper valve.

A cast of an Unio indistinct.

A chama.

A cast of Shell, not named.

An Echinus.

Several bellemnitæ.

A Madrepore.

An Alcyonium.

An Astarte.

A part of a Spongites.

An impression of a Cactus, or an Euphorbia, or some other Oriental
plant. _Sowerby’s Mineral Conchology_, 40.

A piece of Wood similar to the Fossil Wood of Wooburn, Bedfordshire.

In the valley at Salmonby, near to the spot where the earthy oxide of iron is found, is a chalybeate spring, the water of which is of the same nature as that of Tunbridge, but much stronger.

* * * * *

* * * * *

Printed by Weir and Son,
Horncastle.

FOOTNOTES.

{4a} Taciti Breviarum Vitæ Cn. Julii Agricola. sec. xx et xxi.

{4b} Stukeley’s Itinerarium Curiosum, p. 28.

{5a} The Roman road from Lincoln to Horncastle did not vary materially from the present road between these places. Another Roman way branched from this road at the distance of about four miles from Horncastle, leading nearly in a straight line to Caistor, and from thence to the Humber: it bears the name of the _High Street_, and several tumuli are to be seen on its sides.

{5b} Leland’s Collectanea, tom 1, part 2, p. 509.

{6a} Domesday, folio 339.

{6b} Adelias de Cundi, was the daughter and heiress of William de Cheney, Lord of Cavenby and Glentham in the county of Lincoln, at the time of the conquest. By her husband Roger de Cundi, whom she survived, she had a daughter and heiress Agnes, afterwards married to Walter, son of Walter de Clifford, of Clifford Castle, in the county of Hereford. Dugdale vol. ii. p. 336. Monast. Ang. vol. ii p. 646 a n. 50.

{6c} Dugdale’s Baronage, p. 39.

{6d} Hund. Rot. 19. Hornc. Wap.

{7a} On the eastern boundary of the parish is a place called _Hangman’s Corner_, where those convicted of capital offences in the court of the manor were executed.

{7b} Cart. Rot. 14 et 15. H.3.

{7c} Hund. Rot. ut antea.

{7d} Mag. Rot. 17. H.3.

{8a} Cart. Rot 18. Ed. 1. m. 39 12. Ed. 2 no. 17.

{8b} Pat. 14 Ric. 2. pars. 1 m. 3.

{8c} Cart. Rot. 25 H. 6.

{8d} Parliamentary Survey, made in the years 1647 and 1648.

{8e} Robert Aldrich was born at Burnham in Buckinghamshire, educated at Eton, and elected a scholar of King’s college, Cambridge, in 1507, where he took the degree of M.A. afterwards became proctor of the university, schoolmaster of Eton; fellow of the college, and at length provost. In 1523 he was one of those who were sent out by the university of Cambridge to preach in different parts of the nation, as the judges now go their circuits. In 1529 he retired to Oxford, where he was incorporated B.D. About the same time he was made archdeacon of Colchester. In 1534 he was installed canon of Windsor, and the same year he was appointed register of the most noble order of the garter. July 18, 1537, he was consecrated bishop of Carlisle. He was a correspondent of Erasmus, who termed him when young, “blandæ eloquentiæ juvenis,” and appears to have associated with him during his residence at Cambridge. Leland was his familiar acquaintance, and gives him a high character for parts and learning. He was the author of a volume of epigrams, and several theological treatises.

{9a} Cart. Rot. 16 Car. 2.

{9b} Memoirs of Sir Edward Fynes Clinton, Annual Register 1772, Characters, p. 2.

{9c} Fenman’s Vade Mecum, Harleian MS. No. 4127.

{11a} Clarendon, Rapin, and Hume.

{11b} Ludlow’s Memoirs.

{12} Vicar’s Parliamentary Chronicle.

{15a} Vicars’s Parliamentary Chronicle.

{15b} Ibid.

{16a} Intercepted letter from Sir William Widdrington. Rushworth’s Collections, 8vo. edit. vol. v. 78.

{16b} Ibid.

{17a} Vicars’s Parliamentary Chronicle.

{17b} Ibid.

{18} Some say this was a Captain Portington, who afterwards told Cromwell that he aimed at his nose, when he hit his horse on the head. Life of Cromwell. See also Ludlow, Vicars, and Hume.

{19a} The road adjoining to Winceby field bears the name of _Slash Lane_, where it is traditionally related great numbers of the royal army were slaughtered, owing to their retreat being obstructed by a closed gate.

{19b} Vicars’s Parliamentary Chronicle.

{19c} Ibid.

{20a} Vicars’s Parliamentary Chronicle.

{20b} This anecdote the author has repeatedly heard from several of the old inhabitants of the town.

{20c} October 11, 1643.

{21} It is said accompanied by Sir William Widdrington. Rapin.

{22} Dr. Stukeley has incorrectly described this fortress as a complete parallelogram: Gough, too has erroneously stated it to have enclosed twenty acres.

{23} The Roman youth were first instructed in the game of Troy Town by Ascanius, called also Julus, the son of Æneas, and from him the maze in which it was performed took the name of Julian Bower. A very animated description of this game is given by Virgil in the fifth book of his Æneid. See also Stukeley’s Itinerarium Curiosum, p, 91.

{26a} “Ecclesia de Horne Caster, & de Askeby, & de superiore Toynton, & de Mering, & de Hinderby sunt de donac’oe d’ni Regis, & Osbertus Persona tenet eas de dono Regis Ricardi.” Testa de Nevill.

{26b} See the note in page 28.

{27a} This shield is merely painted in a cavity where a brass has been fixed.

{27b} In the Harleian collection of manuscripts, in the British Museum, is a volume of Lincolnshire Church Notes, taken about the year 1640, by Mr. Gervase Holles, a native of Great Grimsby, and a representative of that place in several parliaments. Beside noticing the above monument and epitaph, it contains the following account of arms and inscriptions at that time in this church, not a vestige of which is now remaining.

_In Fenestra Insulæ borealis_.

Orate pro a’ia Thomæ Coppuldike Armig. & D’næ Margaretæ Consortis suæ
fundatoris Gildæ Cantar . . . Fenestram fieri fecit Ano Dni. 1526.

_In superiori Fenestra boreali Cancelli_. G. a Lyon passant guardant Arg. Sa. 3 Flowres de lize betw: 6 Crosses botony fitchy Arg. G. a Crosse sarcely Arg. Beke. _In Fenestra Orientali Insulæ Australis_.

Orate pro benefactoribus artis sutorum, qui istam Fenestram fieri fecerunt sc’æ Nenianæ cum sera et catena. Item sc’i Crispinus & Crispinianus cum instruments Calcearis. _Fenestræ borealis superius_. Empaled. Sa. 2 lyons passant arg. crowned or Dymoke. Empaled. Or a lyon ramp. double queue sa. Welles. Empaled. Quarterly. Arg. a chevron betw. 3 bulles Tourney. passant sa.

Empaled. Quarterly. B. a fesse betw. 3 goates heads erased arg.

Empaled. Quarterly. Argent a chevron gobony sa.

Empaled. Quarterly. Arg. on a bend G. 3 roses arg. Quarterly. Arg. a chevron betw 3 griphons heades Tilney. erased G. Quarterly. Arg 3 bars G. over all a bend engrayled Ros. sa Quarterly. Quarterly or and G. a border sa. bezanty Rochford.

Quarterly. Arg. 2 crosses botony fitchy B. semy of flowres de lize Quarterly Ermine and chequy or and G. Gipthorpe. Arg. a chevron betw. 3. roses G. Taylboys, &c. _Fenestra Australis superior_. G. a fesse betw. 3 waterbougets ermine Meres. Empaled. Marchant’s Marke

Empaled. Arg on a bend G 3 ferniers of the first

Hic jacet Francisca filia primogenita Petri Frescheville de Staveley
in Com. Derb. Arm. [ex priore uxore sua Elizabetha filia Gervasii
Clifton de Clifton in Com. Nott. Militis] et quondam Uxor Gervasii
Holles de Burgh in Com. Linc. Militis, cui peperit Freschevillum
Holles, & Margaretum gemellos, & Franciscum Holles filium juniorem.
Obijt Horncastell.

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 241.

{29} It is observable that Cromwell is here stiled the arch-rebel, although at the time mentioned he was only a colonel, and by no means an illustrious individual in the war. The date given to the battle is wrong, it having been fought on the 11th of October; and the signal defeat of the royalists is diminished in its importance, by stiling the conflict a skirmish.

{35} The same Act also empowered the commissioners of the river Witham, in conjunction with the Horncastle and Sleaford Navigation Companies, to complete the navigable communication between the Witham and the Fosdike canal through the High Bridge at Lincoln.

{37} “Horne Castelle, as far as I can lerne, is now most builded withyn the Circuite of an old waullid Toune, or sum hughe Castel, as apperith from divers Ruines of a Waulle. It hath one fair Paroche Chirch. Alluitur Bano et Verino qui paulo infra op Banum. Dr. Thybleby of the Queen’s College hath Landes aboute the olde Walles of Horn Castelle. Warig risith of divers springis aliquot passuum millibus ab oppido. Pons ibidem super Verinum flu. The market is very good and quick occupiers in the town.” Leland’s Itinerary, vol. 7. p. 51.

{41} Domesday, folio 339.

{42a} Mr. Holles, in the Church Notes before quoted, mentions the following inscription at this place, which now no longer exists:

_On a Gravestone_.

Hic jacet Gulielmus Brackenburgh, & Emmotta uxor ejus, qui quidem
Gulielmus obiit 6 die Januarii An’o D’ni 1476 quorum a’iabus
p’pitietur Deus Amen.

The pictures of themselves upon the stone, & of ten children, all in
brasse.

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 177.

{42b} Mr. Holles. notices the following arms and inscriptions on the bells in this church, the first of which are now gone, the latter still remaining:

_Fenes_. _Boreal_. _Cancelli_.

Sa. a crosse betw. 4 cinquefoyles arg.

_Campane_.

[1] Sit nomen Domini benedictum.

[2] Intonat e cœlis vox campana Michaelis.

[3] Sum rosa pulsata mundi Maria vocata.

Ibid. p. 342.

{43} From the information of E. Turnor, Esq. F.S.A.

{44} Mr. Holles notices the following arms once in this church, but now gone:

_Fenestra Australes Cancelli_. G. 3 lyons passant guardant or England. Verry a fesse G. fretty or Marmyon. Argent a plaine crosse B. Or a lyon rampant purpure Lacy. Chequy or & G. a chiefe ermyne Tateshale. _In Campanili_. Arg. a sword sheathed proper, a buckler appt. with girdle wrapped, hilte pomel, & neuf or

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 244.

{45} In the windows were the following arms when this church was visited by Mr. Holles:

_In Fenestris Cancelli_. Verry a fesse G. fretty d’or Marmion. G. a Crosse sarcely Arg. Beke Sa. 2 lyons passant arg. crowned or, Dymoke. Or a lyon ramp. double queue sa. Welles. Sa. 3 Flowres de lize betw: 6 crosse crosselets fitchy arg. G. 3 bars ermyne Kirketon. Barry of 6 or and sa. _Fenestræ boreales_. B. a lyons head erased betw. 6 crosses botony arg. Touthby. Arg. 2 bars G. a border sa. Dymoke each lyon charg’d sur l’espale with an Dymoke. annulet Ermyne on a bend G. a cinquefoil or G. crosse crucilly fitchy a lyon rampant arg. La Warre. Or a lyon rampant double queue sa. Welles. _In Fenestræ australes_. G. 3 waterbougets arg. Ros. Or on fesse G. 3 plates Huntingfield. Quarterly or and G. a border sa. bezanty Rochfort. Rochfort with a garbe in the 2d quarter arg. Rochfort. Rochfort with an annulet in the 2d quarter arg. Rochfort. Or a manche G. Hastings. G. a bend ermyne Ry. Rochfort with an eagle displayed in the 2d quarter Rochford. arg. Arg. fretty of 6 pieces G. a canton ermyne _In Fenestra borealis Navis_. G. crosse crucilly fitchy a lyon rampant arg. La Warre. Arg. on a bend G. 3 gryphons heads erased or _In Campanili_.

Joh’es Staines W. Jo.

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 245.

{47} The following arms and inscriptions, now gone, are noticed by Mr. Holles, as being in this church when visited by him:

_In Fenestra Australi_.
Empaled. Arg. on a crosse sa.

Empaled. Arg. a crosse G. a bezant Empaled. Arg. a crosse sa.

Empaled. Quarterly arg. and G. on the 1st and 4th quarters a popinjay vert. membred and beked G. _In Fenestra Occidental ex sinistra Campanilis_.

Orate pro a’ia Joh’is Tott, Agnet, & Helene uxorem ejus, & specialiter pro Andrea Tott Artium Baccalaureo, qui istam Fenestram lapidari, nec non vitreari fecit.

_Sup Fulchrum ex p’te Australia_
Quarterly Ufford & Beke Willughby,
3 Crosses portate
2 Chevrons betw. 3. roses
A crosse
A lyon passant
Domus mea domus Orationibus vocabitur. 1591.

Harleian MS. No. 6829. p. 213.

{48} By the following extract it appears that in the time of Mr. Holles, the windows of this church abounded with stained glass, of which not a single vestige is now remaining.

_In Fenestris Orientali Cancelli_. Quarterly. Verry a fesse G. fretty d’or Marmyon. Quarterly. Sa. 2 lyons passant arg. crowned d’or Dymoke. Empaled. G. a frett of 8 pieces d’or Empaled. B. 3 garbes d’or G. a lyon rampant d’or Sa. a sword in pale arg. Sa. 2 lyons passants arg. crowned d’or Dimoke. Arg. 3 flowres de lize bet. 6 crosse crosselets Hillary. fitchy sa. a border G. Arg. a playne crosse G. G. a playne crosse arg. _Tumulus lapidus_

Hic jacet Anna fillia Thomæ Dymoke Militis D’ni . . . et Margaretis consortis suæ quæ obiit Ao. D’ni 1462 &c. &c. Empaled. Verry a fesse G. fretty or Marmion. Empaled. Or a lyon rampant double queue sa Welles. _In muro boreali eræ sculptum_.

Orate pro a’ia M’ri. Joh’is de Croxby, quondam Rectoris istius ecclesiæ, qui dedit annualem redditum xx_s_ annuatim impetuum, et in secunda feria primæ hebdommadæ quadragessimæ habitantibus in Conningsby sc’am formam evidentiæ suæ distribuendorum.

This charity hath ceased for many yeares, the evidence having been sacrilegiously stolne out of that monument within the wall, as by the loosening of the plate of brasse may appeare. _In Fenestra Occidentali Capellæ Orientalis_. Orate pro a’iabus . . . Hatcliffe . . . Uxis suæ Fenestram. Sa. 3 welles arg. bis Wellis. Empaled. Sa. 3 welles arg. Wellis. Empaled. B. 2 bars d’or over all a lyon rampant Hatcliffe. Sa. a sword in pale arg. Arg. a fesse daunce betw. 3 talbots heades erased sa. Arg. a fesse betw. 3 cootes sa. B. 2 bars d’or over all a lyon rampant G. Hattecliffe. Orate pro bono statu H. Wellis notoria publici . . . Hatcliffe uxoris suæ et sequelis eorum . . . hanc fenestram fieri fecerunt A’no D’ni 1460. _In superioribus Fenestris Borealibus_. G. a cinquefoil peirced betw. 8 crosse crosselets Umframville. d’or Quarterly. Sa. a cross engrayled d’or . . . Willughby. Ufford.

Quarterly. G. a crosse sarcely arg. . . . Beke. G. 3 waterbougets arg. Ros. Or a lyon rampant double queue sa. Welles. Arg. a crosse patonce G. Arg. a chiefe G. over all a bend engrayled B. Chequy or and G. a chiefe ermyne Tateshale. Ermyne a fesse G. Bernake. Arg. a chiefe G. over all a bend B. Crumwell. Sa. 2 lyons passant arg. crowned or Dymoke. Or on fesse G. 3 plates Huntingfield. Quarterly or and G. a border sa. bezanty Rochford. G. a crosse molyn arg. Beke. Quarterly or and G. a border sa. bezanty on the 2d Rochford. quarter a garbe arg. Quarterly &c. an annulet on the 2d quarter Rochford. B. crucilly a lyon rampant arg. bis Argent 3 shell snayles sa. Dymoke Crumwell Holland Quarterly France and England a label of 3 arg. Quarterly France and England a label of 3 ermyne

_In Fenestra Orientali_.

Orate pro a’iabus fratrum & sororum Gildæ be’æ Mariæ de Cunningsby,
qui istam fenestram fieri fecerunt.

This is a fayre Window, adorned with the Genealogy of the Kinges of
Israel and Judah, David lying along through the whole bottome, from
whose roote branch out the several stems. In one part of it below
the Picture of King Edward the first, crowned, &c. &c.

Edwardus primus regnavit annos . . .

Orate pro Matilda de Padeholme, et Alicia

_On a Gravestone_.

Hic jacet D’nus Thomas Butler, quondam Capellanus Gildæ be’æ Mariæ
Cunningsby, qui obiit 10 die Mensis Decembris, A’no D’ni 1510. Cujus
aiæ &c. &c.

_On another_.

Pray for the Soule of John Smith of Cunsby sometimes M’chant of the
Staple of Calis, which died in the yeare of our Lord God 1470, &
Jonet his Wife which died the 24th Day of November in the yeare of
our Lord God 1461.

And all good people that this Scripture reade or see
For theire soules say a Paternoster, Ave-Maria, & a creed for
Charity.

On another the pourtraytures of a man and his two wives on either
side of him in brasse with this inscription vizt.

Pray for the soules of Richard Whetecroft of Coningsby M’chant of the
Staple at Calice & sometimes Lieutenant of the same, & Jane &
Margaret his Wives, which Richard deceased the 23d day of November,
Ao. D’ni 1524.

_In the Parlour of the Parsonage House_.

Arg. a crosse engrailed G. betw. 4 waterbougets sa. Bourchier. Quarterly & Quartered with Quarterly . . . Gules Lovayne. billetty d’or a fesse arg. Crumwell and Tateshale B. a manche d’or Empaled. Sa. 3 lyons Passant guardant arg. Dymoke. Empaled. Sa. 2 lyons passant arg. crowned d’or Empaled. Dymoke Empaled. Marmyon Verry a fesse G. Marmyon. Or a lyon rampant double queue sa. Welles. Empaled. A coate defaced Empaled. Welles Empaled. Verry a fesse G. Empaled. B. a manehe d’or

All these Escocheons are in 2 Windowes, in which two Windowes also
are these Verses:

Alme Deus cœli Croxby tu parce Johanni
Hanc ædem fieri benefecit sponte Jo Croxby
Anno Milleno quater. c. L. x. quoq. terno.

_In the other Windowes_.

Barry of 6 ermyne and G. 3 crescents sa. Waterton. Quarterly Ufford & Beke Willughby. Verry a fesse G. Marmyon. Ermyne 5 fusils in fesse G. Hebden. Arg. a crosse sarcely sa. Empaled. Quarterly Crumwell & Tateshale Crumwell. Empaled. B. a fesse betw. 6 billets d’or Deyncourt. Empaled. Dymoke Empaled. Welles Sa. an arming sworde pile in poynte arg. Empaled. Arg 3 bulls passant Empaled. G. on a chevron arg. 3 pomeis Empaled. Arg. a fesse dauuce betw. 3 talbots heads erased sa. Empaled. Arg. a fesse betw. 3 cootes sa.

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 178 to 182.

{53a} Domesday, folio 354.

{53b} Burton’s Monast. Ebor. p. 215.

{54} The following arms and inscriptions, now gone, were in this church when it was visited by Mr. Holles.

_In Fenestra_.

Arg. a plaine crosse G. G. a fesse betw. 6 crosselets botony fitchy arg. charged with as many mullets or pierced G. Sa. a bend betw. 6 mullets or pierced G. Briton.

_In the Church on a flat marble stone in Saxon Characters_.

ICI : GIST : MARGARETA : DE : LACI : QE : FVLA : FEME : GWILLEAMA :
DE ; MOVSTE . . .

Harleian MS. No. 6829. p. 177.

{55} Domesday, folio 331.

{56a} Escheat Rolls.

{56b} Cook C. Herald, MS.

{56c} From the information of E. Turnor, Esq. F.S.A.

{57a} Tupholme is not mentioned either in the Domesday survey or Testa de Nevill.

{57b} See the Charter in Dugdale’s Monasticon, p. 596.

{59} The windows were formerly embellished with the following heraldic bearings in stained glass, of which no vestiges are now existing.

_In Boreali Fenestra Chori_. Arg. 3 chaplets with roses gules Lascels. G. 3 mascels argent G. 4 fusils in fesse arg. a border engrailed or Nevill.

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 140.

{60} Lodge’s Illustrations, vol. ii. 191.

{61a} Domesday, folio 331.

{61b} In the forty-second and forty-third years of Henry the third, Philip Marmyon had grants of a market, fair, and free warren, at his manor of Scrivelsby. In the ninth year of Edward the first, he showed that he had those rights, and that of gallows at Scrivelsby, with the other privileges incident to one of the great barons of the realm; and also right of free warren in the soke of Horncastle.

{62} On account of the present possessor of the manor of Scrivelsby being a clerk in orders, his son, Henry Dymoke, Esquire, was allowed to perform the service at the coronation of His present Majesty George the fourth, in 1821. The following is a description of the ceremony on that occasion.

Before the second course was brought in, the Champion, in his full
suit of armour, mounted on a horse richly caparisoned, appeared under
the porch of the triumphal arch, at the bottom of the Hall. Every
thing being in readiness, the procession moved in the following
order:

TWO TRUMPETS with the Champion’s Arms on their banners.

THE SERGEANT-TRUMPETER, with his Mace on his shoulder.

TWO SERGEANTS AT ARMS, with their Maces on their shoulders.

THE CHAMPION’S TWO ESQUIRES, in half armour, one on the right hand
bearing the Champion’s lance, the other on the left hand with the
Champion’s target, and the arms of Dymoke depicted thereon.

A HERALD, with a paper in his hand containing the challenge.

THE DEPUTY EARL THE CHAMPION, on THE LORD HIGH
MARSHAL, on Horseback, in a CONSTABLE in his
Horseback, in his complete Suit of Robes and
Robes and Bright Armour, Coronet, and
Coronet, with the with a Gauntlet Collar of his
Earl Marshal’s in his Hand, his Order, on
Staff in his Helmet on his Horseback, with
Hand, attended by Head, adorned the Constable’s
a Page. with a Plume of Staff, attended
Feathers. by two Pages.

FOUR PAGES, richly apparelled, attendants on the Champion.

At the entrance into the Hall, the Trumpets sounded thrice, and the
passage to the King’s table being cleared by the Knight Marshal, the
Herald with a loud voice proclaimed the Champion’s Challenge, in the
words following:

“If any person, of what degree soever, high or low, shall deny or
gainsay our sovereign lord King George the fourth, of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, defender of the faith, son and
next heir to our sovereign lord King George the third, the last king,
deceased, to be right heir to the imperial crown of this United
Kingdom, or that he ought not to enjoy the same, here is his
Champion, who saith that he lieth, and is a false traitor, being
ready in person to combat with him, and in this quarrel will
adventure his life against him on what day soever he shall be
appointed.”

Whereupon the Champion threw down his gauntlet; which, having lain a
short time upon the ground, the Herald took it up, and delivered it
again to the Champion.

They then advanced to the middle of the Hall, where the ceremony was
again performed in the same manner.

Lastly, they advanced to the steps of the throne, where the Herald
(and those who preceded him) ascending to the middle of the steps,
proclaimed the challenge in the like manner; when the Champion having
thrown down his gauntlet and received it again from the Herald, made
a low obeisance to the King: whereupon the Cupbearer, having received
from the Officer of the Jewel-House, a Gold Cup and Cover filled with
Wine, presented the same to the King, and his Majesty drank to the
Champion, and sent to him by the Cupbearer the said Cup, which the
Champion (having put on his gauntlet) received, and having made a low
obeisance to the King, and drank the Wine; after which, making
another low obeisance to his Majesty, and being accompanied as
before, he departed out of the Hall, taking with him the said cup and
cover as his fee.

{63} In this inscription Sir Robert Dymoke is, by mistake of the sculptor, styled _knight_ and _baronet_ instead of _knight banneret_.

{68} “Vir illustris in consilio, strenuus in prælio, princeps militæ in Angliæ, et in omni regno ornatissimus.” Wever’s Fun. Mem. p. 366.

{70} The MS. vol. of Church notes, so often before quoted, contains the following description of this castle:—

“The castle of Bullingbrooke was built by William de Romara, Earle of
Lincolne, and ennobled by the birth of King Henry the 4th, who from
thence took his sirname. Heretofore it was a famous structure, but
now gone much to ruine and decay.

“The towne standes in a bottome, and the castell in the lowest part
of it, compassed about with a large moat fed by springs. It is most
accessible on the south-west part, the rest being encompassed by the
hills.

“As for the frame of the building, it lieth in a square, the area
within the walls conteyning about an acre and a half, the building is
very uniforme.

“It hath 4 stronge forts or ramparts, wherein are many roomes, and
lodgings: the passage from one to another lying upon the walles,
which are embattled about. There be likewise 2 watch-towers all
covered with lead. If all the roomes in it were repayred, and
furnished [as it seemes in former tymes they have bin] it were
capable to receyve a very great prince with all his trayne.

“The entrance into it is very stately over a faire draw-bridge. The
gatehouse a very uniforme, and strong building. Next within the
porter’s lodge is a payre of low stayres, which goe downe into a
dungeon, in which some reliques are yet to be seene of a
prison-house. Other 2 prisons more are on either side.

“The building itselfe is of a sandy stone hewen of a great square out
of the rockes thereby, which though it abide the weather longe, yet
[in processe of tyme] it will moulder, especially if wett gett within
it, which hath bin the decay of many places of the wall where the
roofe is uncovered.

“There be certaine roomes within the castle, [built by Queen
Elizabeth of freestone] amongst which is a fayre great chamber with
other lodgings.

“In a roome in one of the towers of the castle they usually kept
their auditt once by the yeare for the whole Dutchy of Lancaster,
having ever bin the prime seate thereof, where all the recordes for
the whole countrey are kept.

“The constable of the castle is Sir William Mounson Lord Castlemayne,
who receaveth a revenue out of the Dutchy lands of £500. per annum,
in part of payment of £1000. yearely given by the king to the
Countesse of Nottingham his lady.

“One thinge is not to be passed by affirmed as a certaine trueth by
many of the inhabitants of the towne upon their owne knowledge, which
is, that the castle is haunted by a certain spirit in the likenesse
of a hare: which att the meeting of the auditors doeth usually runne
betweene their legs, and sometymes overthrows them, and soe passes
away. They have pursued it downe into the castleyard, and seene it
take in att a grate into a low cellar, and have followed it thither
with a light, where notwithstanding that they did most narrowly
observe it [and that there was noe other passage out, but by the
doore, or windowe, the roome being all close framed of stones within,
not having the least chinke or crevice] yet they could never finde
it. And att other tymes it hath been seene run in at iron-grates
below into other of the grotto’s [as their be many of them] and they
have watched the place, and sent for houndes, and put in after it;
but after a while they have come crying out.”

Harleian MS. No. 6829, p. 162.

{71} The following arms and inscriptions were in the windows of this church when it was visited by Mr. Holles.

_In Fenestra Orientali Cancelli_. G. 3 lyons passants gardants d’or a labell of Comes 3 each charged with 3 floures de lize of the Lancastr. second Empaled. Castile and Leon quarterly A label of 3 arg. Empaled. France & England quarterly each charged with 2 de lizes sa. Or a lyon rampant purpure Lacy. B. 3 garbes d’or Meschines. Com. Cestr. Quarterly. Sa. a crosse Ufford Willughby. engrayled d’or Beke Quarterly. G. a crosse molyn arg. Argent a fesse G between 3 bugles trippant sa. _In Fenestra Orientali ad dextram Navis_. B. 6. lyoncels rampant d’or. 3. 2. 1. Longspeee. Lancaster. England, and France quarterly. Lacy. G. 3 lyons passants arg. a labell of 3 d’or, each charged with a lyon rampant purpure _In_ 1_ma Fenestra australi_. B. 3 garbes d’or Meschines. Chequy d’or & B a bend G. Clifford. Quarterly arg. & G. the 2d & 3d charg’d with Spenser. a frette d’or over all a bend sa. Femina gestans in veste sex leones aureos Longespee. erectos una cum leone purpure conjunctos Lacy. _In_ 2_da Fenestra Australi_. G. a fesse verry betw. 3 leopards heads Cantilupe. jesant floures de lize d’or G. a crosse molyn arg. Beke. B. a fesse daunce betw: 10 billets d’or Deyncourt. _In Campanili_. Quarterly France, and England Quarterly or and G. a border sa. bezanty Rochford. Or, a chevron betw: 10 crosses botony sa. Slight. Orate pro bono statu . . . Ducis Aurelie. Ad hoc Campanile . . . Ao. r. r. Hen. Quarterly. Arg. a chevron betw: 3 martlets sa. Quarterly. Chequy or & G. on a chiefe arg. a lyon passant sa.

Harleian MS. No. 6829. p. 163.

{72} Domesday, folio 351.

{74} See the Charter in Dugdale’s Monasticon, vol. i. p. 822.

{76} Stukeley’s Itinerarium Curiosum, p. 28.

{82} Dr. John Taylor of Norwich was one of the earliest ministers appointed by Mr. Disney. He held his appointment from about 1715, for 18 years, and at this place composed his justly valued “Hebrew Concordance,” in two vols. folio.

{86} Itinerarium, p. 162.

{87} Gough, and others who have copied from him, erroneously state this tower to be two hundred feet in height.

{90} The principal part of the stained glass taken from this church was placed by the Earl of Exeter in the church of St. Martin, Stamford Baron, with some other richly stained glass, procured from the churches of Snape in Yorkshire, and Barnack in Northamptonshire.

{91a} Joan Lady Cromwell was one of the daughters of Sir Richard Stanhope, and niece and co-heiress of the Lord Treasurer Cromwell. She married Humphry Bourchier, third Son of the Earl of Essex, who was created Lord Cromwell, in the first year of Edward the fourth.

{91b} Matilda Lady Willoughby was the other daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope, and niece and co-heiress of the Lord Treasurer Cromwell.

{92a} Sepulchral Monuments, vol. ii p. 179.

{92b} The MS. volume of Lincolnshire Church Notes, notices all the foregoing inscriptions, though not in a very correct manner. It also contains the following account of inscriptions and arms in this church, which are now gone:

_In the upper ende of the Chancell_.

Next under another fayre monument of blew marble [as the former] the
picture of one also inlayd in brasse, adorned rounde aboute with a
border of curious workemanship in brasse, with the pictures and names
of some prophets in the Old Testament, and of other saintes, and some
Saxon kinges, as Edmund, Edward, Etheldred, Ethelbert, there is noe
inscription, onely this ensuing escocheon upon either side of him.

[Picture: Coat of arms]

_On the north Side under a Marble_.

Orate pro a’ia M’ri Joh’is Gigur baccalaur. Theologiæ custodis hujus
collegii, ac etiam . . . Collegij Marton in Oxonia qui obijt 12º.die
. . .

_On the Wood Worke in the lower ende of the Quire_, _curiously carved
in capital l’rs this_,—

Ad honorem & gloriam Dei opt. Max. & decorum domus ejus hoc opus
factum est Anno D’ni 1424.

_In Fenestris_.

The history of the passion depainted. In another Hell’s torments,
where are divers creatures bound together in a chayne; amongst whome
one with a crowne, another with a mytre on his head, the divell
tormenting them, and under them is written—

‘Sic affliguntur pœnis, qui prava sequuntur.’

The history of Hermogenes that raysed up devills, and of Guthlake
[the saint of the fens] and of Catherina, who cast them into the sea,
that Hermogenes and Philetus raysed.

The history of Cosdre with his decollation.

_In Fenestris ex latere Australi_. Arg. a chiefe G. surtout a bend B. Crumwell. Quarterly. Crumwell with chequy d’or Tateshale. and G. a chiefe ermyne G. a lyon rampant d’or Fitz-Alane. Arg. 3 cinquefoyles and a canton Driby. Bendy of 10 pieces arg. and G. Ermyne a fesse G. Bernake. B. a fesse daunce betw: 10 billets d’or Deyncourt. G. 10 annulets d’or Chequy d’or and G. a bend ermyne Clifton. Quarterly.—Crumwell and Tateshall Empaled. Arg. a chiefe G. surtout a Crumwell. bend B. Empaled. Arg. a chevron B. a file with 3 lambeaux d’or Barry of 6 arg. and B. a bend G. Grey of Rotherfield. Verry a fesse Marmyon. Arg. a chiefe G. surtout a bend B. a labell of 3 ermyne Lozengy arg. and G. Fitz-William. _Ex latere boreali_. Empaled. Chequy d’or and G. a bendlet B. Empaled. Lozengy arg. and G. Fitz-William. B. a crosse patonce arg. Party p. pale G. and sa. a lyon rampant arg. crowned d’or Arg: 3 water-pots covered G. a border Monboucher. sa. bezanty [ut opinor.] Empaled. Arg. a chiefe G. over all a bend B. Empaled. Party p, pale G. & sa. a lyon rampant arg. crowned d’or Arg. a chevron betw: 3 pots covered G. a border sa. bezanty Arg. a chiefe G. surtout a bend B. a labell of 3 d’or Barry of 6 arg. and G. a bend engrayled d’or Crumwell with a labell of 3 ermyne _In Fenestris utrimq. supra portas Australem et Borealem_.

Orate pro a’ia Radulphi nuper D’ni de Crumwell & Tateshale Thesaurarij Angliæ, et fundatoris hujus Collegij.

_The Roode Loft_, 1524 G. a saltier arg. a file with 3 Nevile. lambeaux B. Lozengy sa. and erm. on a chiefe sa. 3 Wainflet lillies arg. Ep’us Wint.

Wainflet Ep’usWinton cujus insignia sculptata sup. utranq. porticum
in saxo.

Thomas Howard gen. & Beatrix consors ejus vitriaverunt fenestram
borealem in honore s’cæ Catherinæ, cujus passio ib’dm.

Empaled. Arg. a chevron chequy d’or & G betw 3 flesh-hookes sa,

Empaled. B. a fesse betw. 3 storkes arg.

Arg. a chevron betw. 3 catherine wheels d’or

Deyncourt sup. portam collegii.

Sup. crucem in foro ville Crumwell & Tateshall paling Deyncourt & p.
se 3.

_Gravestones in the Church_.

Hic jacet Thomas Gibbon Artium Liberalium M’gr. Rector nuper de
Wiberton Socius & precentor hujus collegij qui obijt 16º. die mensis
Januarij An’o D’ni 1506 cujus &c.

_Another_.

Orate pro a’ia D’ni Henr. Porter capti quondam Socij Collegij de
Tateshall ac præcentor ejusdem Eccl’ie, qui obijt 12º. die Martij
An’o D’ni 1519.

_Another_.

Hic jacet Edwardus Okey nup. unus sex clericorum hujus Collegij qui
obijt 29 die Januarij An’o D’ni 1519, cujus &c.

_In Insula Australi_.

Hic jacet Ric’us English artium liberalium Mgr. socius ac p’centor
huj. Collegij & Vicarius Eccl’iæ de Burwell qui obijt 27º. die Martij
A’o D’ni 1522.

_Another_.

Orate pro a’ia M’ri Rob’ti Sudbury sacræ Theologiæ Baccalaureus nuper
Rector . . . ac quondam p’centor & socius hujus Collegij qui obijt
19º. Decembris An’o 1482.

_Under the arched worke of the Partition betw. the Chancell and the
body of the Church_, _this_,

Orate pro a’ia Rob’ti de Whalley . . . hujus collegij qui hoc opus
fieri fecit A’o D’ni 1528. cujus a’ie p’pitietur Deus. Amen.

_Within a Chapel on the North side_, _a fayre flat Marble_, _on which
this Epitaph_,

Have mercy on the soule [good Lord] we thee pray
Of Edward Hevyn, lay’d here in sepulture,
W’ch to thine honour this chappel did array
With ceeling, desk, perclose and pourtrayture,
And paviment of marble long to endure.
Servant of late to the excellent Princesse
Mother to King Henry, of Richmond Countesse.

_The Armes on the Gravestone are_

Empaled. A chevron betw. 3 boares heades couped, having so many
pomeis in their mouths; on the chevron a cresc . . . Hevyn

Empaled. A chevron betw. 3 bulls heades . . . Hevyn

Harleian MS. No. 6829. p. 184–189.

{96} “One of the Cromwelle’s builded a preaty turret caullid the Tour of the Moore; and thereby he made a faire greate ponde or lake, brickid about. The lake is commonly caullid the Synkker.” Leland’s Itinerarium, vi. 58.

{98} By some called _Bind_, by others _Clunch Clay_.