Chapter XXII: The Last Amoraïm (3)

Synhedrion (Great Council):
Synhedrion of Babylonia, 443 f.
Synhedrion of Jabne, 321 ff.
authority and sphere of action, 325, 337, 360.
destroyed by Quietus, 400.
dignitaries, 360 f.
Synhedrion of Jabne, position of the patriarch in it, 361 ff.
procedure of its meetings, 361 f.
Synhedrion of Jerusalem, acquires great importance under
Gamaliel I, 192.
letters and mandates, 192 f.
limitation of its authority by the procurator, 71, 129.
overthrow of, by the Zealots, 296.
presidency of, passes over from the high priest to the
Pharisees, 48 f.
regains its former supreme authority during the war of
revolution, 269.
removal from the Hewn-stone Hall to the Commercial Hall of
Bethany, 239.
reorganization, 50.
weakness exhibited by, during the war of revolution, 271.
Synhedrion of Usha, 405.
dissolved by persecutions, 448.

Syria, anarchy in, 6.

Syrian habits adopted by Rome, 468.

Tabernacles, feast of, ceremony of libation of water, 43, 51.

Tacitus, 384.

Talmud, Babylonian, 328 f.
characterization of, 632-5.
its influence upon Jewish life and history, 634 f.
its nature and relation to the Mishna, 591.
redaction, 605-9, 630-2.
redaction not committed to writing, 608.

Talmud, Jerusalem, redaction of, 609, 612.

Talmud, Babylonian and Jerusalem, compared, 634.

Talmudic epoch, 321 ff.

Talmudic Judaism, 327 f.

Talmudic schools, 335.

Tanaites, 356 ff.
end of the second generation, 429.
last generation, 450.
the last, 462.

Tanchuma bar Abba, last Halachic authority of Judæa, 611 f.

Targumim, 387, 581 f.

Tarphon (Tryphon) of Lydda, 357.
on Jewish Christianity, 378.

Taxes, for the patriarch and the maintenance of the schools,
486 f., 535 f.
prohibited by Honorius, 617.

Taxes for Rome, 134, 388, 391, 463, 469, 572, 598.
collectors of, ostracized, 134.
method of their collection, 129 f.
withheld, 257 f.
under Hadrian, 420.

Taxes for the Temple, 52 f., 201.
from Babylonia, 505.
those of Asia Minor seized upon, 68.

Taxes paid by the Jews in Babylonia, 508.

Temple of Jerusalem, becomes the common center of the Jews, 201.
the hotbed of the revolution, 259.
destruction of by the Romans, 307 f.
that of Herod, 109-111.
restoration of, attempted by Hadrian, 401 f.
and Julian, 599-601.
when the visible signs of divine mercy ceased to appear in it, 237.
vessels of, 449, 611.

Temple of Onias in Egypt, closed by Vespasian, 318.

Temple, Samaritan, on Mt. Gerizim, destroyed by Hyrcanus I, 8.

Tertullian, 476.

Theater, Greek, Judaism ridiculed in, 542 f.

Theodosius I, protects the Jews against Christian fanaticism, 612 f.

Theodosius II, hostility against the Jews, 617 ff.
seizes upon the taxes for the patriarch, 622.

Theudas, false Messiah, 198, 240.

Tiberias, focus of the revolution, 272.
foundation of, 137.
seat of the patriarch, 480.
seat of a school, 493 f.

Tiberius, emperor, expels the Jews from Rome, 202.
lightens the burdens of taxation in Judæa, 135.
mildness towards the Jews, 172.
persecutes the Jews in Rome, 136 f.

Tiberius, Alexander, nephew of Philo, apostate, governor of Egypt, 300.
governor of Jerusalem, 198 f.
orders a massacre of the Jews in Alexandria, 263 f.
treachery against Judæa during the war of revolution, 302.

Tigranes, king of Armenia, threatens Judæa, 55 f.

Tithes, paid after the fall of Judæa, 363.

Titus, 285, 388.
cruelty, 304, 308, 312.
at Gischala, 290.
humanity to the Jews of Antioch, 313.

Titus, arch of, 314.

Tobit, book of, its object, 430.

Tradition. See Law, Oral.

Trajan, 393.

Trajan day (Yom Trajanus), 401.

Treasury of the Temple, plundered by Pilate, 140.

Trinity, dogma of, 500 ff.

Triumvirate, Roman, and Herod, 81.
of teachers at Pumbeditha, 575 ff.

Tur-Simon, fortress in the war of bar-Cochba, 415 f.

Turbo, Martius, general under Trajan, suppresses the revolt in
Egypt, 397 f.

Usha (El-Uz), assembly of, 433.
seat of the Synhedrion, 405, 444 f.

Valens, emperor, protects and honors the Jews, 603.

Valentinian I, grants toleration, 603.

Valerianus, emperor, 527.

Varus, quenches a revolt in Judæa, 123, 125 f.

Varus, representative of Agrippa II in Cæsarea, cruelty and
treachery, 274 f.

Verus Commodus, emperor, persecutes the Jews, 447 f.

Vespasian, 284 f.
avarice, 316, 318.
attitude towards the Jews of Rome after the revolution, 316 f.
campaign in Galilee, 286 ff.
character of his warfare, 285, 297 ff.
proclaimed emperor, 300.

Vessels of the Temple, fate of, 449, 611.

Visible signs of divine mercy, when, ceased to appear in the
Temple, 237.

Vitellius, emperor, 299.

Vitellius, governor of Syria, kindness of, to the Jews, 172 f.

Vulgata, 625.

War of the Revolution, the Judæan, with Rome, 233 ff.
character and chief cause of, 234.
cruelties, 315.
differences in the attitude of the parties, 292.
encounter between Cestius Gallus and the Zealots, 265 f.
first campaign, 264 ff.
heroism of the Jews, 306.
internal strife between the various parties of Judæa, 295, 298, 301.
Judæa divided into lots, 312.
leaders, 270 f.
prisoners of war, fate of, 311 f., 321.
starting point of the revolution, 259.
tactics pursued by the Romans, to weaken Judæa by internal
strife, 297.
traitors, 302, 304 f.
triumph of Vespasian and Titus in Rome, 314 f.
Zealots, ultra, obtain the reins of the government, 271.
the war in Galilee, 272 ff.
the war at Jerusalem, 291 ff.
beginning of the siege by Titus, 301, 303.
destruction of the city, 309.
famine, 304, 306.
number of killed, 309.
pestilence, 306.
population of the city during the war, 292.
resistance after the fall of the Temple, 309.
struggle around the Temple, 305 ff.
stubborn defense, 304 f.
See also Galilee, Josephus, Judæa, Zealots.

Wisdom, book of, 205-8.

Wisdom, of the Chaldeans, influences the Rabbis, 577 f.

"Wise men," 356.

Witnesses in law courts, how questioned, 50, 53.

Wood-carrying, feast of, 52 f., 260.

Women, education of, 474.

Worship, public, after the destruction of the Temple, 363.

Zabina, Alexander, usurps the throne of Syria, 6.

Zadok, disciple of Shammai, and leader of the Zealots, 133.

Zadok, teacher at Jabne, 330, 338 f.

Zaken, title, 361.

Zealots (Kannaim), called also Galileans, 133.
attitude towards the Synhedrion, 293 ff.
comprised at first the followers of Shammai, 133.
conflict with the Sicarii, 261.
in Cyrenaica, 318.
establish a community in North Arabia, 319.
in Egypt, 317 f.
fate after the war, 315-19.
licentiousness, 238 f.
last ones, how they fell, 316.

Zealots, part played by them in the war, 258 ff.
principles and purpose, 133.
religious and republican party, 133.
self-confidence, 291 f.
struggle about the high priesthood, 294 f.
watchword, 133.

Zeïra, 557 f.

Zend-Avesta, 524.

Zenobia, 529 f.

Zerubbabel, supposed ancestor of the Princes of Captivity in
Babylonia, 509.

Transcriber's Notes:

Punctuation and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

Inconsistent use of small-caps and Proper caps in names unchanged.

Inconsistent use of periods after Regnal numbers not changed.

The Index was not checked for correct page references.

Text uses both forms of these words and phrases:

"Ruach ha-Kodesh" and "Ruach-ha-Kodesh";
"Galilæan" and "Galilean";
"A. C." and "C. E." (to indicate "A. D.");
"repellent" and "repellant";
"coreligionists" and "co-religionists";
"instal" and "install";
"Agora-nomos" and "Agoranomos";
"subtlety" and "subtilty";
"Amoraïm" and "Amoraim".

Text mostly used "Tanaites", so infrequent occurrences of "Tanaïtes" have been changed.

Page 505 says that "twenty-two parasangs" are "sixty-eight miles," but page 506 says they are "sixteen geographical miles". According to current understanding of "parasang," the former is more nearly correct.