Chapter XXV: The Christians Under Moslem Rule

Scarcity of Information concerning the Tributary
Christians--Supremacy of the Church under the
Visigoths--Independence of the Spanish Hierarchy--Its
Wealth--Civil Organization of the Christians under the
Moors--Their Privileges--Restrictions imposed upon
Them--Freedom of Worship--Churches, Monasteries, and
Convents--Conditions in Sicily--Greater Severity of
the Laws in that Island--Anomaly in the Ecclesiastical
Government of Spain--The Khalif the Virtual Head of
the Church--Abuse of His Power--Results of the Arab
Occupation of Septimania--Increased Authority of the
Spanish Hierarchy resulting from its Isolation--Social
Life of the Christian Tributaries--Their Devotion to Arab
Learning--They are employed by the Khalifs in Important
Missions--Innate Hostility of Moslem and Christian--Number
and Influence of the Renegades--The Martyrs--Causes of
Persecution--Contrast between the Maxims and Policy of the
Two Religions--Impediments to Racial Amalgamation 177

CHAPTER XXVI

THE MORISCOES

State of the Kingdom after the Conquest--Superiority
of the Moors--Policy of the Crown--Introduction of
the Holy Office--Administration of Talavera--His
Popularity--He is superseded by Ximenes--The Two Great
Spanish Cardinals--Their Opposite Characters--Influence
on Their Age--Violence of Ximenes--He burns the Arabic
Manuscripts--Insurrection of the Moriscoes--Rout
in the Sierra Bermeja--Bigotry of Isabella--The
Moors under Charles V.--Persecution by the Clergy
and the Inquisition under Philip II.--War in the
Alpujarras--Ibn-Ommeyah--Operations of Don John of
Austria--Removal of the Moors of Granada--Death
of Ibn-Ommeyah--Ibn-Abu becomes King--Siege of
Galera--Atrocities of the Campaign--Fate of
Ibn-Abu--Condition of the Moriscoes in Spain--They are
Exiled by Philip III.--Their Sufferings--Effect of their
Banishment upon the Prosperity of the Kingdom 218