Chapter XXX

HISTORY, SUCCESSION OF CAPTAINS, AND PRESENT DESIGNATION
OF THE TROOPS AND COMPANIES BELONGING TO THE ROYAL
HORSE ARTILLERY, THE FIFTH, SIXTH, AND SEVENTH BATTALIONS.

ALTHOUGH the Royal Horse Artillery, and the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Battalions were formed subsequently to the Peace of 1783, it has been considered desirable to insert a summary of the services of the troops and companies in this volume, without prejudice to a more detailed statement which will be given in the succeeding volume, when their formation will be notified in due chronological order. The Seventh Battalion brings the reader to the commencement of the present century, later than which time it has not been deemed necessary, in this volume, to go.

Commencing with the Royal Horse Artillery, it may be mentioned, shortly, that it was formed on the 1st January, 1793, and at first consisted of two Troops, A and B. On the 1st November in the same year C and D Troops were added, followed, on the 1st November, 1794, by E and F Troops. In September 1801, G Troop was formed, in Ireland, out of some detachments serving in that country; and in June, 1804, H Troop was raised at Woolwich. On 1st February, 1805, I Troop was formed at Colchester, and K Troop at Ballinasloe; L Troop at Woolwich in July of the same year, and M Troop also in 1805, although there is a little uncertainty as to the month. There were also two Rocket Troops, but there is considerable difficulty in tracing their exact history. According to the records of the Royal Horse Artillery, the Second Rocket Troop was formed before the First; but in this particular, as in another presently to be mentioned, these records are inaccurate. The following would appear to be the true statement of the case. In June 1813, some Rocket detachments, under Captain R. Bogue, were ordered to Germany, and were present at the Battle of Leipsic. In 1814 a Rocket Troop was formed at Woolwich, under the command of Captain W. G. Elliot; and _on the same day_ Captain E. C. Whinyates was appointed to the command of the Second Rocket Troop _vice_ Bogue, _killed at Leipsic_. Now, the Battle of Leipsic was fought in October—1813, and Captain Whinyates' appointment was dated the 2nd March 1814. It would appear, therefore, that the two Rocket Troops were formed _together_, out of _existing detachments_, and that the one formed at Woolwich was named the First, while that formed out of the detachments on the Continent was called the Second. Although the detachments present at Leipsic became the Second Rocket Troop, they were present at that battle not as a troop, but as detachments; and as the troop was reduced on 31st July 1816, their Leipsic services, by some mistake, were afterwards credited to the First Rocket Troop, which would actually appear to have received permission to wear "Leipsic" on its appointments in commemoration of the services, not of itself, but of the defunct troop.

In 1847 rocket carriages were given to all the troops, and the remaining Rocket Troop became I Troop of the Royal Horse Artillery.

In addition to the Second Rocket Troop, D Troop also was reduced in 1816; and, in spite of strong remonstrances,—among others, from the late Sir Robert Gardiner, then Captain of E Troop,—the titles of all the troops below D were changed, E, F, G, H, and I becoming respectively D, E, F, G, and H. The injury and inconvenience caused by this alteration of nomenclature have proved very great. K, L and M Troops were reduced at the same time, but being the juniors, their reduction did not affect the lettering of the others.

In January, 1819, B and G Troops were reduced; but on this occasion no alteration was made in the designations of the other troops. B Troop was reformed on the 1st 1855, as a reserve half-troop, under a Second Captain, and was augmented to a full troop in the following year. G Troop was reformed at Woolwich on the 1st December, 1857, and also K Troop on the same day.

On the 1st July, 1859, with the introduction of the Brigade System, came an alteration in the titles of the troops, which were now designated as Batteries of the Horse Brigade. In 1862, on account of the amalgamation with the East India Company's Artillery, the old Royal Horse Artillery became the First Horse Brigade of the Royal Artillery; and in 1864, to enable the Indian reliefs to be carried on without sending the whole of the old Horse Artillery abroad at one time, the First Horse Brigade was divided into A and B Brigades of the Royal Horse Artillery.

At the date of this work (1872) the following list shows the present designations of the old troops, as they stood in 1859:—

A Troop is now called A Battery A Brigade
B Troop is now called B Battery A Brigade
C Troop is now called C Battery A Brigade
D Troop is now called A Battery B Brigade
E Troop is now called B Battery B Brigade
F Troop is now called C Battery B Brigade
G Troop is now called D Battery A Brigade
H Troop is now called D Battery B Brigade
I Troop is now called E Battery B Brigade
K Troop is now called E Battery A Brigade

The military operations in which these batteries have been severally engaged, and their succession of Captains, will now be given. The more detailed history given of A Troop—"The Chestnut Troop"—is attributable to the labour taken by its Captain, the late Sir Hew Ross, who completed the records of its active service with his own hand.

A TROOP, R.H.A.,
Now "A" BATTERY, A BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1798 The affairs of Ross, Wexford, and Vinegar Hill, June. 1799 Egmont-op-Zee on 19th September. 1799 Near Alkmaar on 6th October. 1809 Retreat from Talavera on 3rd August. 1810 Action in front of Almeida in the Duas Casas on 20th July. 1810 Action on the Coa on 24th July. 1810 Battle of Busaco on 27th September. 1811 Action at Pombal on 11th March. 1811 Action on the Plain in front of Redinha on 12th March. 1811 Action in front of Cazal Nova on 13th March. 1811 Action at Foz d'Arouce on the Ceira on 15th March. 1811 Action at Sabugal on the Coa on 3rd April. 1811 Battle of Fuentes d'Onore on 5th May. 1811 Action in front of Mortagoa on the right bank of the Agueda on 10th July. 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo, January. 1812 Siege of Badajoz, April. 1812 Affair in front of Salamanca on 16th June. 1812 Action at Castrejou on the Guavena on 18th July. 1812 Battle of Salamanca on 21st July. 1812 Action on the Huebra on 15th November. 1813 Affair in front of Salamanca in the advance on Vittoria on 22nd May. 1813 Affair near Burgos in the advance on Vittoria on 12th June. 1813 Affair at St. Millan and Osmo on 18th June. 1813 Battle of Vittoria on 21st June. 1813 Daily affairs with the French between 22nd and 27th June. 1813 Action before Pampeluna at daybreak when the French lost the only two guns they brought from Vittoria, on 25th June. 1813 Actions in the Pyrenees on 26th, 27th and 28th July. 1813 Heights of San Marcial near Yrun on 31st August. 1813 Attack on La Rhune Mountain and its chain of heights in the Pyrenees on 10th November. 1813 Passage of the Nivelle on 10th November. 1813 Passage of the Nive on 9th December. 1813 Battle of St. Pierre de Grube, near Bayonne. 1814 Passage of the Gave d'Oléron. 1814 Battle of Orthes on 27th February. 1814 Action in front of La Reole on the right of the Gavonne on 14th March. 1814 Affairs in front of La Reole, almost daily, between 14th March and 14th April.[52] 1815 Battle of Waterloo, June 17th and 18th, and capture of Paris. 1855 Siege of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1793 Captain R. Lawson. 1794 Captain T. Judgson. 1801 Captain G. A. Wood. 1806 Captain H. D. Ross. 1825 Captain W. Cator. 1837 Captain M. Louis. 1837 Captain W. Dunn. 1841 Captain W. Bell. 1842 Captain T. G. Higgins. 1846 Captain H. G. Teesdale. 1852 Captain A. J. Taylor. 1854 Captain A. T. Phillpotts. 1855 Captain C. S. Henry. 1857 Captain F. B. Ward. 1858 Captain G. le M. Tupper.

B TROOP, R.H.A.,
Now "B" BATTERY, A BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1798 Affairs of Ross, Wexford, and Vinegar Hill. 1808 Affair of Sahagun. 1809 Affair of Benavente. 1809 Battle of Corunna. 1855 Siege of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1793 Captain J. Macleod. 1795 Captain W. H. Horndon. 1800 Captain B. Bloomfield. 1806 Captain T. Downman. 1810 Captain N. W. Oliver. 1819 _Reduced 28th February._ 1855 _Reformed 1st May._ 1855 2nd Captain, W. B. Saunders. 1856 Captain G. V. Johnson. 1859 Captain L. G. Paget.

C TROOP, R.H.A.,
Now "C" BATTERY, A BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1798 Affairs of Ross, Wexford, and Vinegar Hill. 1808 Affair of Sahagun. 1809 Affair of Benavente. 1809 Battle of Corunna. 1854 Affair on the height of Bulganak and battle of the Alma. 1854 Battle of Balaclava. 1854 Battle of Inkerman. 1855 Affair of Eupatoria on 23rd and 27th October. (Specially thanked by Officer commanding French cavalry.) 1855 Siege of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1793 Captain E. Howorth. 1799 Captain E. Trelawney. 1801 Captain G. A. Wood. 1801 Captain F. Griffiths. 1806 Captain H. Evelegh. 1811 Captain E. Wilmot. 1819 Captain J. May. 1825 Captain J. Chester. 1831 Captain C. Blachley. 1833 Captain T. Dyneley. 1835 Captain E. T. Michell. 1838 Captain H. Blachley. 1841 Captain W. B. Ingilby. 1847 Captain E. C. Warde. 1854 Captain G. C. R. Levinge. 1854 Captain H. J. Thomas. 1856 Captain H. F. Strange.

D TROOP, R.H.A.,
_Reduced 31st July, 1816._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1810 Battle of Busaco. 1811 Affair at Almeida. 1811 Battle of Albuera. 1811 Affair at Usagre. 1811 Affair at Aldea de Ponte. 1812 Affair at San Munoz. 1812 Action of Ribera. 1812 Ford of the Yeltes. 1813 Battle of Vittoria. 1813 Battle of the Pyrenees. 1814 Battle of Orthes. 1814 Battle of Toulouse. 1815 Battle of Waterloo. 1815 Capture of Paris.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1793 Captain J. M. Hadden. 1800 Captain G. W. Dixon. 1804 Captain T. Downman. 1806 Captain G. Lefebure. 1813 Captain G. Beane. 1815 Captain A. C. Mercer.

E TROOP, R.H.A.,
_Became D on that Troop being reduced in 1816_,
Now "A" BATTERY, B BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo. 1812 Siege of Forts of Salamanca. 1812 Action on Heights of St. Christoval. 1812 Battle of Salamanca. 1813 Affair of Morales de Toro. 1813 Battle of Vittoria. 1813 Battle of the Pyrenees. 1814 Battle of Orthes. 1814 Battle of Toulouse. 1815 Battle of Waterloo. 1815 Capture of Paris. 1858 Indian Mutiny, including affair at Waskully. 1858 Action at Terapoor. 1859 Action at Burode. 1859 Affair of Beora.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain W. Cuppage. 1796 Captain G. Scott. 1803 Captain G. B. Fisher. 1806 Captain R. Macdonald. 1813 Captain R. W. Gardiner. 1816 Captain R. Macdonald. 1823 Captain R. Jones. 1825 Captain T. Dyneley. 1833 Captain C. Blachley. 1840 Captain H. Pester. 1846 Captain J. E. Dupuis. 1853 Captain Hon. R. C. H. Spencer. 1855 Captain J. J. Brandling. 1855 Captain H. L. Gardiner. 1858 Captain L. G. Paget. 1859 Captain G. V. Johnson.

F TROOP, R.H.A. (afterwards E),
Now "B" BATTERY, B BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1813 Battle of Vittoria. 1813 Siege of St. Sebastian. 1813 Passage of the Bidasoa. 1813 Passage of the Nive. 1814 Affair at Bayonne. 1815 Battle of Waterloo. 1815 Capture of Paris. 1858 Indian Mutiny, including affair at Secundra Gunge. 1858 Affair at Futteypore Chersey. 1858 Siege of Lucknow. 1858 Affair at Arrah. 1858 Jugdeespore. 1858 Rampore Kussea. 1858 Sundry affairs in Oudh against the rebels.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain J. Butler. 1801 Captain E. Trelawney. 1802 Captain G. Cookson. 1803 Captain A. Duncan. 1809 Captain J. W. Smith. 1825 Captain G. Turner. 1828 Captain T. A. Brandreth. 1828 Captain G. Cobbe. 1834 Captain W. Saunders. 1839 Captain P. Sandilands. 1842 Captain J. Bloomfield. 1848 Captain D. E. Wood. 1854 Captain E. Price. 1855 Captain J. R. Anderson. 1858 Captain W. A. Middleton.

G TROOP, R.H.A. (became F in 1816),
Now "C" BATTERY, B BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1807 Battles of Village of Reduccion, and Buenos Ayres. 1815 Battle of Waterloo. 1815 Capture of Paris. 1858 Action of Secundra, East Indies. 1858 Siege of Lucknow. 1858 Affairs (various) against rebels in Oudh. 1858 Sultanpore. 1858 Fyzabad.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain G. B. Fisher. 1802 Captain W. Borthwick. 1803 Captain A. S. Frazer. 1815 Captain A. Dickson. 1823 Captain A. Munro. 1825 Captain E. Y. Walcott. 1837 Captain W. Dunn. 1837 Captain M. Louis. 1842 Captain A. Macbean. 1848 Captain W. R. Gilbert. 1855 Captain C. C. Young. 1855 Captain C. L. D'Aguilar. 1858 Captain Hon. D. McD. Fraser.

H TROOP, R.H.A. (became G),
Now "D" BATTERY, A BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Siege of Flushing. 1815 Battle of Waterloo. 1815 Capture of Paris.

_N.B._—Captain W. Norman Ramsay, who commanded this Troop at Waterloo,
was killed there in action.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1804 Captain A. Macdonald. 1815 Captain Wm. Norman Ramsay. 1815 Captain J. May. 1819 _Reduced 31st January._ 1857 _Reformed 1st December._ 1857 Captain H. P. Newton.

I TROOP, R.H.A. (became H in 1816),
Now "D" BATTERY, B BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1810 Affair of Maacal de Chao. 1810 Affairs of Granga and Cerejos. 1810 Affair of Bassacona. 1810 Action of Celerico. 1810 Affairs of Moita and Mortiago. 1810 Battle of Busaco. 1810 Actions of Plain and Ford of Mondego. 1810 Action at Leyria. 1810 Action at Rio Mandarillo. 1810 Action at Alcoentre. 1810 Action at Guinta de Formes. 1810 Affair at Canigada. 1811 Action at Pombal. 1811 Action at Redinha. 1811 Action at Cayal Nova. 1811 Action at Foz d'Arouce. 1811 Action at Miranda de Corvo. 1811 Affair of Maceira. 1811 Affair of Sampayo. 1811 Affair of Bassacova. 1811 Affair of Celerica. 1811 Affair of Pega. 1811 Action of Sabugal. Drove the rear-guard of the French across the frontier. 1811 Affair at Almeida. 1811 Battle of Fuentes d'Onor. 1811 Affair of Nave d'Avere. 1811 Affair of Fuentes de Guinaldo. 1811 Action of Aldea Ponte. 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo. 1812 Affairs of Llerena. 1812 Siege of Badajoz. 1812 Affairs at the front of Salamanca and at the Tormes. 1812 Affairs at Villares de la Reina. 1812 Affair on the Heights of St. Christoval. 1812 Siege of the Forts of Salamanca. 1812 Affairs of Rueda and Villa Nova. 1812 Action of Castrejou. 1812 Action above Carnizal. 1812 Affair of Castellanas. 1812 Battle of Salamanca, 1812 Affair at Aldea Mayor. 1812 Action at Tudella. 1812 Affairs at Duennas, Torquemada, and Villaverde. 1812 Siege of Burgos. 1812 Affairs of San Munoz and Osma. 1813 Battle of Vittoria. 1813 Siege of St. Sebastian. 1813 Capture of St. Sebastian. 1813 Action at passage of Bidassoa. 1813 Battle of Nivelle and passage of the Nive. 1813 Affair at front of Bayonne. 1813 Passage of the Adour. 1814 Investment of Bayonne. 1815 Battle of Waterloo, 16th, 17th and 18th June.

_N.B._—This Troop received in Cavalry Division Orders, October 6th,
1810, the best thanks of Lieutenant-General Sir Stapleton Cotton, for
the zeal and activity displayed on the 5th October, 1810, and at all
times during the retreat from the frontier. In the Duke of
Wellington's Despatches of the 16th March and 2nd April, 1811, its
good services were acknowledged at Pombal, Redinha, and Sabugal. In
the Duke of Wellington's Despatches of the 7th April, 1811, to the
Minister of War at Lisbon, its services at Pega were mentioned, and
crossing the frontier on the retreat of the French at Val de Mula.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Captain W. Millar. 1805 Captain R. Bull. 1823 Captain E. C. Whinyates. 1830 Captain Hon. W. Arbuthnott. 1841 Captain F. Warde. 1847 Captain E. F. Grant. 1854 Captain P. H. Mundy. 1855 Captain J. Turner.

K TROOP, R.H.A.,
Now "E" BATTERY, A BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Captain C. Godfrey. 1808 Captain F. Walker. 1814 Captain Wm. Norman Ramsay. 1815 Captain G. Jenkinson. 1816 _Reduced 31st July._ 1857 _Reformed 1st December._ 1857 Captain C. G. Arbuthnot.

L TROOP, R.H.A.,
_Reduced 31st July, 1816._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Captain N. Foy. 1813 Captain R. Macdonald.[53] 1816 _Reduced 31st July._

M TROOP, R.H.A.,
_Reduced in 1816._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Captain Hon. W. H. Gardner.

1st ROCKET TROOP (afterwards I TROOP),
Now "E" BATTERY, B BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1854 Affair at the Heights of Bulganak. 1854 Battle of Alma. 1854 Affair at Mackenzie's Farm. 1854 Battle of Balaclava. 1854 Battle of Inkerman. 1855 Siege of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1814 Captain W. G. Elliott. 1828 Captain C. C. Dansey. 1837 Captain T. F. Strangways. 1846 Captain N. T. Lake. 1852 Captain G. A. Maude. 1855 Captain J. J. Brandling.

2nd ROCKET TROOP,
_Reduced 31st July, 1816._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1813 Battle of Gorde.[54] 1813 Battle of Leipsic. 1815 Battle of Waterloo.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1813 Captain R. Bogue.[55] 1814 Captain E. C. Whinyates.

FIFTH BATTALION.

On the 14th August, 1794, an augmentation of five companies to the Royal Artillery was sanctioned, to be called, after organization, the Fifth Battalion. The companies were formed,—two at Plymouth and three at Woolwich,—by transfers from other battalions. Major-General Duncan Drummond was appointed Colonel _en seconde_; the first Lieutenant- Colonel was Edward Williams; and the Major, Robert Douglas. Captains Rogers and Miller commanded the companies formed at Plymouth, and Captains Hutton, Harding, and Sproule, those at Woolwich. The following was the strength of the five companies:—

10 Captains and Captain-Lieutenants.
12 Lieutenants, 15 being the normal number.
2 Staff Sergeants.
20 Sergeants.
45 Corporals and Bombardiers.
5 Drummers.
324 Gunners.

On the 6th March, 1795, five additional companies were added to the battalion; and the total number of companies remained ten until the year 1819, when Nos. 7 and 8 were reduced; Nos. 9 and 10 becoming respectively Nos. 7 and 8.

No very great augmentation to the strength of the battalion took place during the earlier years of its existence, except in the year 1804, when a second Colonel was added, and also twenty men per company. The services of the companies were very varied and distinguished, including the Campaigns in Egypt, Cape of Good Hope, South America, Spain, and Holland.

Annexed is the history of each Company's active service, and the succession of Captains up to the introduction of the Brigade System:—

No. 1 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
Now "F" BATTERY, 1st BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1814 Castine, North America. 1854 Expedition to the Crimea, and Fall of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain Henry Rogers. 1802 Captain Charles Gold. 1803 Captain Henry Phillott. 1814 Captain Hon. H. Gardner. 1822 Captain Edward Walsh. 1825 Captain A. F. Crawford. 1837 Captain W. Lemoine. 1838 Captain Edmund Sheppard. 1840 Captain W. B. Ingilby. 1842 Captain J. Bloomfield. 1842 Captain P. H. Sandilands. 1846 Captain W. F. Williams. 1855 Captain H. A. B. Campbell.

No. 2 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
Now "D" BATTERY, 8th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1815 Capture of Guadaloupe. 1855 Detachments embarked for Expedition to the Crimea, and Fall of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain James Miller. 1802 Captain J. H. Carncross. 1809 Captain Robert Douglas. 1811 Captain J. Chamberlayne. 1811 Captain F. Campbell. 1828 Captain J. Gray. 1841 Captain E. Morgan. 1844 Captain R. J. Dacres. 1852 Captain John Travers. 1858 Captain W. B. Saunders.

No. 3 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION
Now "2" BATTERY, 2nd BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Expedition to the Cape of Good Hope. 1806 Capture of the Cape. 1806 First Expedition to the River Plate. 1806 Capture of Buenos Ayres. 1806 Second Expedition to River Plate. 1807 Siege of Monte Video. 1810 Expedition to the Isle of France. 1826 Expedition to Portugal.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain Henry Hutton. 1802 Captain Alexander Watson. 1809 Captain Edward Wilgress. 1827 Captain William Dunn. 1837 Captain J. L. Smith. 1846 Captain W. H. Askwith. 1855 Captain G. Colclough. 1855 Captain F. W. C. Ord. 1858 Captain O. B. B. Woolsey.

No. 4 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
Now "3" BATTERY, 2nd BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Expedition to Hanover. 1808 Expedition to Portugal and Spain. 1808 Battle of Roleia.[56] 1808 Battle of Vimieiro. 1809 Battle of Corunna. 1812 Expedition to the Adriatic. 1813 Siege of Tarragona. 1851-3 Kaffir War.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain John Harding. 1802 Captain Henry Geary. 1808 Captain Robert Carthew. 1809 Captain James St. Clair. 1809 Captain R. J. J. Lacy. 1827 Captain H. Jackson. 1838 Captain F. Macbean. 1841 Captain T. A. Lethbridge. 1861 Captain H. R. Eardley-Wilmot.[57] 1852 Captain Hon. G. T. Devereux. 1858 Captain W. N. Hardy.[58] 1858 Captain R. J. Hay.

No. 5 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
Now "1" BATTERY, 5th BRIGADE,

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Expedition to Egypt. 1801 Siege of Alexandria. 1809 Expedition to Walcheren. 1809 Siege of Flushing. 1815 Expedition to Holland and France. 1815 Detachments present at the Battle of Waterloo.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain F. M. Sprowle. 1803 Captain S. G. Adye. 1812 Captain C. Ilbert. 1816 Captain Thomas Greatley. 1817 Captain William Roberts. 1825 Captain R. B. Hunt. 1832 Captain F. Wright. 1840 Captain H. Slade. 1841 Captain H. G. Ord. 1841 Captain R. Tomkyns. 1848 Captain C. L. Fitzgerald. 1858 Captain C. R. O. Evans.

No. 6 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
Now "3" BATTERY, 3rd BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1800 Expedition to Egypt. 1801 Siege of Fort Aboukir. 1801 Battle of Alexandria. 1801 Siege of Alexandria. 1813 Expedition to Holland and France. 1815 Battle of Waterloo.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain John Wood. 1802 Captain A. Y. Spearman. 1803 Captain Richard Buckner. 1803 Captain Jno. S. Williamson. 1808 Captain Richard Buckner. 1811 Captain W. G. Elliott. 1813 Captain Charles Tyler. 1818 Captain B. T. Walsh. 1822 Captain Hon. H. Gardner. 1823 Captain A. C. Mercer. 1835 Captain Jos. Hanwell. 1847 Captain T. A. Shone. 1847 Captain C. Gostling. 1851 Captain M. C. Marston. 1855 Captain P. F. G. Scott. 1858 Captain P. D. Margesson.

No. 7 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
_Reduced in 1819._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Expedition to Egypt. 1801 Siege of Alexandria. 1809 Reduction of Fort Dasaix and Island of Martinique.[59] 1810 Expedition to Guadaloupe.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain George Cookson. 1799 Captain I. Wood. 1802 Captain A. Y. Spearman. 1803 Captain Hon. H. Gardner. 1804 Captain Brooke Young. 1808 Captain Samuel Reynell. 1814 Captain Chris. Wilkinson.

No. 8 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION,
_Reduced in 1819._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Expedition to Holland. 1805 Expedition to Hanover. 1809 Capture of Martinique. 1810 Expedition to Portugal. 1810 Taking of Matagoiad. 1811 Battle of Barosa. 1813 Battle of Vittoria. 1814 Operations against Fort Erie. 1814 Defence of the Log Bridge.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain P. Riou. 1803 Captain H. Owen. 1815 Captain S. J. Rawlinson.

No. 9 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION

(Became No. 7 in 1819),| Now "A" BATTERY, 9th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1805 Expedition to Cape of Good Hope. 1806 Capture of Cape of Good Hope. 1806 First Expedition to River Plate. 1806 Siege of Buenos Ayres. 1810 Expedition to Isle of France. 1810 Capture of Isle of France. 1855 Expedition to the Crimea.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain J. F. S. Smith. 1803 Captain A. J. Clason. 1815 Captain Henry Bates. 1819 Captain R. Jones. 1823 Captain T. G. Browne. 1836 Captain B. Willis. 1846 Captain J. G. Walker. 1853 Captain R. B. Adair. 1855 Captain G. T. Field.

No. 10 COMPANY, 5th BATTALION
(Became No. 8 Company in 1819),
Now "5" BATTERY, 5th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Expedition to Holland. 1809 Expedition to Portugal. 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo. 1812 Siege of Badajoz. 1812 Capture of the French Works at Alviarez. 1812 Reduction of French fortified posts at Salamanca. 1812 Siege of Burgos. 1813 Siege of St. Sebastian. 1814 Siege of Bayonne.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain B. Stehelin. 1802 Captain Gother Mann. 1804 Captain R. W. Unett. 1808 Captain Edward Wilmot. 1808 Captain Frederic Glubb. 1813 Captain H. Trelawney. 1816 Captain John Briscoe. 1819 Captain Francis Power. 1823 Captain W. G. Power. 1827 Captain S. Kirby. 1834 Captain George Pringle. 1840 Captain A. R. Harrison. 1844 Captain F. Weller. 1845 Captain N. T. Lake. 1847 Captain J. McCoy. 1855 Captain H. Clerk. 1857 Captain W. L. Dumaresq.

SIXTH BATTALION.

By a General Order, dated 22nd July, 1799, four companies of Artillery were raised, and added to two already existing, which were designated the East India Detachment, to form half a battalion; and on the 8th October in the same year a further augmentation was made, consisting of two companies, and a Colonel-Commandant. The addition of a Colonel _en seconde_ and two Lieutenant-Colonels completed the organization of what was now known as the Sixth Battalion of the Royal Artillery. The Staff of the Battalion on its formation stood as follows:—

Colonel-Commandant Major-General P. Martin. Colonel _en seconde_ George Feade. 1st Lieut.-Colonel Edward Fage. 2nd Lieut.-Colonels John Barnes, Bayley Willington. Captain-Lieutenants Ralph W. Adye, Adjutant. Andrew Schalch, Quartermaster.

The companies, their stations, and commanding officers were as follows:—

Companies. Captains. Stations.
No. 1. Brevet-Major E. Lemoine Cape of Good Hope.
2. Captain W. Skyring Cape of Good Hope.
3. R. Evans Woolwich.
4. D. Meredith Woolwich.
5. W. Millar Woolwich.
6. B. Bloomfield Plymouth.
7. G. Salmon Woolwich.
8. A. Schalch (promoted by augmentation) Woolwich.

An augmentation of one Major and two companies to the battalion,—Nos. 9 and 10,—took place in December, 1800.

The companies called above "The East India Detachment," which formed the nucleus of the Sixth Battalion, embarked at Woolwich for India on the 19th April, 1791. They left that country for the Cape of Good Hope in 1798, arriving in October of that year, and remained until incorporated in the newly-formed battalion, in 1799. They are now C Battery 11th Brigade, and No. 6 Battery 5th Brigade. Prior to 1799, although part of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, they belonged to no battalion.

The following was the strength of the battalion in various years:—

Year. Strength of all Ranks.
1800 990
1801 1071
1802 914
1803 1215
1804 1259
1805 1415
1806 1398
1807 1480
1808 1476
1809 1484
1810 1484
1811 1524
1812 1562
1813 1565
1814 1230
1815 1130
1816 870
1817 786
1818 700
1819 604
1820 567
1821 601

From this date until 1847 the average strength of the battalion was 650.

Year. Strength of all Ranks.
1847 956
1848 847
1849 890
1850 883
1851 940
1852 1028
1853 1081
1854 1218
1855 1375
1856 1317
1857 1502

The following was the dress of the battalion at its formation, in 1799, as also of the whole Regiment, except the Horse Artillery: the officers wore blue cloth double-breasted coats, with scarlet lappels; the field officers had two epaulettes, the company officers only one, which they wore on the right shoulder; white kerseymere breeches; long black leather boots, fastened to the back part of the knee of the breeches by a black strap and buckle; and a cocked-hat, with gold-loop and button, and white feather. The non-commissioned officers and men wore blue cloth coats, single breasted, laced in front and on the cuffs and flaps; the staff-sergeants and sergeants with gold lace, and the rank and file with yellow worsted lace. The staff-sergeants wore two gold bullion epaulettes; the sergeants two gold-laced straps; the corporals two fringe epaulettes; the bombardiers one fringe epaulette on the right shoulder; the gunners two worsted straps.

The changes in dress during the succeeding years will be noted in the succeeding chapters of this work.

Annexed is the list, as in former cases, of the various companies, their successive Captains, and the military operations in which they were engaged. In the Sixth Battalion, as in the Horse Artillery, considerable confusion was created by the reduction, in 1819, of Nos. 5 and 8 companies, and the consequent altering of the numbers of Nos. 6, 7, 9, and 10 to Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8 respectively. The reduction of the two junior companies, instead of Nos. 5 and 8, would have rendered the student's task a far easier one.

No. 1 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(_One of the old East India Detachment Companies_),
Now "C" BATTERY, 11th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1806 Siege of Buenos Ayres. 1807 Expedition to La Plata. 1855 Expedition to the Crimea and Fall of Sebastopol.[60]

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain Edmund Lemoine. 1804 Captain Nathaniel Foy. 1806 Captain C. C. Bingham. 1807 Captain P. Durnford. 1826 Captain W. Bentham. 1832 Captain I. Whitty. 1843 Captain G. H. Hyde. 1844 Captain J. H. St John. 1846 Captain R. R. Fisher. 1849 Captain W. J. Smythe. 1855 Captain E. Moubray. 1856 Captain J. Singleton.

No. 2 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(_One of the old East India Detachment Companies_),
Now "6" BATTERY, 5th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1814 Expedition under the command of Sir John Sherbrook: present at the capture in the Penobscot.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain W. Skyring. 1806 Captain George Crawford. 1824 Captain E. C. Wilford. 1827 Captain R. Douglas. 1829 Captain E. Sabine. 1841 Captain A. Macbean. 1842 Captain W. J. Stokes. 1845 Captain James Turner. 1851 Captain H. W. Montressor. 1856 Captain H. L. F. Greville.

No. 3 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION,
Now "4" BATTERY, 2nd BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1811 Peninsula. 1812 Siege and capture of Ciudad Rodrigo. 1812 Siege and capture of Badajoz. 1858 Expedition to China and capture of Canton.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain Robert Evans. 1806 Captain George Massey. 1808 Captain H. F. Holcombe. 1817 Captain Charles Egan. 1818 Captain F. Gordon. 1819 Captain D. Story. 1831 Captain R. C. Molesworth. 1842 Captain Sir H. Chamberlain, Bart. 1843 Captain R. G. B. Wilson. 1848 Captain P. R. Cocks. 1855 Captain G. Rotton.

No. 4 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION,
Now "B" BATTERY, 8th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1854 Expedition to the Crimea and Fall of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain David Meredith. 1806 Captain H. Hickman. 1807 Captain C. Baynes. 1817 Captain W. D. Nicolls. 1819 Captain J. S. Sinclair. 1826 Captain D. Bissett. 1836 Captain Z. C. Bayly. 1841 Captain C. R. Dickens. 1842 Captain H. Williams. 1848 Captain G. D. Warburton. 1853 Captain H. Lempriere. 1854 Captain A. R. Wragge. 1855 Captain C. G. Arbuthnot. 1857 Captain C. W. Elgee.

No. 5 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION,
_Reduced in 1819._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1806 Expedition to River La Plata. 1807 Siege and capture of Monte Video.[61] 1807 Present at Buenos Ayres but not engaged. 1814 Capture of Genoa.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain William Millar. 1805 Captain Charles Godfrey. 1806 Captain A. Dickson. 1809 Captain Richard Dyas. 1818 Captain J. P. Cockburn.

No. 6 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(Became No. 5 on that Company being reduced in 1819),
Now "C" BATTERY, 8th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1806 Expedition to Calabria, present at the Battle of Maida. 1806 Siege and Capture of Scylla Castle. 1807 Expedition to Syracuse. 1809 Capture of Ischia and Prociola. 1854 Expedition to the Crimea.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain Benjamin Bloomfield. 1801 Captain John Harris. 1807 Captain Thomas Gamble. 1819 Captain H. F. Holcombe. 1819 Captain T. Gamble. 1826 Captain H. C. Russell. 1837 Captain J. H. Freer. 1846 Captain J. W. Ormsby. 1851 Captain P. H. Mundy. 1854 Captain J. J. Brandling. 1854 Captain A. Thompson.

No. 7 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(_Afterwards No. 6 Company_),
Now "F" BATTERY, 8th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain George Salmon. 1807 Captain Charles Egan. 1817 Captain H. Holcombe. 1826 Captain C. C. Dansey. 1829 Captain A. Cameron. 1838 Captain J. U. Colquhoun. 1846 Captain F. Eardley-Wilmot. 1847 Captain R. B. Burnaby. 1849 Captain G. E. Turner. 1849 Captain G. R. Barker. 1854 Captain N. E. Harison. 1854 Captain J. L. Elgee.

No. 8 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION,
_Reduced in 1819._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1799 Captain Andrew Schalch. 1802 Captain G. Bowater. 1804 Captain C. C. Bingham. 1805 Captain Francis Power.

No. 9 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(_Afterwards No. 7_),
Now "C" BATTERY, 9th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1855-6 Crimea.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain George A. Wood. 1802 Captain P. W. Colebrooke. 1807 Captain H. P. Grant. 1812 Captain W. T. Skinner. 1822 Captain Charles Gilmour. 1832 Captain H. L. Sweeting. 1843 Captain T. P. Flude. 1844 Captain H. Stow. 1850 Captain C. J. B. Riddell. 1855 Captain J. G. Boothby.

No. 10 COMPANY, 6th BATTALION
(_Afterwards No. 8 Company_),
Now "5" BATTERY, 3rd BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1811 Capture of Java. 1815 Capture of Kandy. 1855 Expedition to Crimea and Fall of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain R. E. H. Rogers. 1805 Captain C. E. Napier. 1813 Captain W. H. C. Benezet. 1816 Captain Jno. W. Kettlewell. 1819 Captain L. Carmichael. 1824 Captain D. Grant. 1836 Captain B. H. Vaughan Arbuckle. 1846 Captain H. J. Morris. 1848 Captain G. M. Glasgow. 1849 Captain W. J. Crawford. 1855 Captain F. W. Hastings. 1858 Captain C. L. D'Aguilar.

SEVENTH BATTALION.

The Seventh Battalion of the Royal Artillery was formed on the 1st April, 1801. The Act for the Union between England and Ireland received the Royal assent on the 2nd July, 1800, and came into force on the 1st January, 1801. From this measure arose, as has been mentioned in a former chapter, the incorporation of the Royal Irish Artillery with the older Corps; and it was transferred as the Seventh Battalion of the Royal Artillery, consisting, at the date of transfer, of ten companies, with a proportion of Field and Staff officers. The incorporated officers took rank according to the dates of their respective commissions; but they were also allowed the option of retiring on full pay, or of taking commissions in the Line. The non-commissioned officers and gunners who were approved for transfer received each a bounty of three guineas.

The following table shows the proportion of ranks, total numbers, and rates of daily pay, in the Battalion when first formed.

Daily pay each.
One Colonel-Commandant 2 4 0
One Colonel 1 4 0
Three Lieutenant-Colonels, each 1 0 0
One Major 0 15 0
Ten Captains, each 0 10 0
Ten Captain-Lieutenants, each 0 7 0
Twenty First Lieutenants, each 0 6 0
Ten Second Lieutenants, each 0 5 0
One Adjutant 0 5 0
One Quartermaster 0 6 0
Forty Sergeants and two Staff Sergeants Pay of various rates.
Forty Corporals, each 0 2 3¼
Seventy Bombardiers, each 0 1 10¼
980 Gunners, each 0 1 3¼
30 Drummers, each 0 1 3¼

Some of the companies were in the West Indies when the transfer was effected; and on reference to the appended list it will be seen that much of the active service of the Seventh Battalion was carried on in these islands. It was in connection with West Indian service that the Battalion obtained a distinctive mark, as containing among its companies one known always, until the Brigade system was introduced, as

"THE BATTLE-AXE COMPANY."

The story of the circumstances under which this title was earned is worthy of reproduction. The company in question was originally No. 8 of the 7th Battalion, but in the year 1819, No. 7 Company being reduced, No. 8 became No. 7. Under the altered nomenclature of 1859, it became and now is

NO. 2 BATTERY, 5TH BRIGADE.

In the year 1808 the company was quartered in Halifax, Nova Scotia. In December of that year it was ordered on an expedition for the capture of Martinique; forming part of the force under Sir George Prevost, which included the 7th Fusiliers, 8th King's, and 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers.

The force arrived at Martinique on the 30th January, 1809, and remained brigaded together during the attack, quite distinct from the West Indian division under General Maitland, which had arrived in company with Admiral Cochrane and his fleet. On the 2nd February, 1809, the French met the Halifax brigade under General Prevost, about half-way between the bay where they landed and the town, but were driven back with considerable loss. In one day, this company prepared and armed a battery of six 24-pounders, and four 10-inch mortars, and opened fire on the day following. On the 24th February the Garrison capitulated, for "the British Artillery was so well served, that most of the Fort guns were quickly dismounted."[62] The officers of the company were assembled by the General to consult as to what should be bestowed on the company as a reward of bravery and good conduct. It was first contemplated to give a one-pounder French gun, beautifully mounted, but the officers, knowing that the company was about to return to Halifax, and a war with America likely to take place, when they would be unable to take the gun with them, chose an axe and a brass drum. A brass eagle was affixed to the axe, which was always carried by the tallest man in the company, who in virtue of his office was permitted to wear a moustache.

This version of the story was committed to paper by one who was present with the company at Martinique, Master-Gunner Henry McElsander, who joined it three years after the amalgamation, and remained in it until promoted to be Sergt.-Major at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. It is completely corroborated by the Records of the Seventh Battalion, from which the further history of the company may be obtained. It returned to Halifax in April, and remained in that station until May, 1813, when it sailed for Quebec. It served in the campaigns of 1813 and 1814 in Canada. In the winter of the former year it was collected in Kingston, Upper Canada, watching the enemy. Acting-Bombardier James Keating, being detached with seven gunners to Michilimackinac, distinguished himself in an affair with the enemy, and his conduct was rewarded by a commission from the Provincial Government. The company was present at the operations against Fort Erie in August, 1814, and at the enemy's attack on the English position before that place on the 17th September. It was also engaged in the defence of the Log Bridge on the Chippawa. The two officers present with the company during these hostilities, Captain Walker and Lieutenant Carter,[63] were specially mentioned in despatches, and received permission to wear "Niagara" on their appointments. The company returned to Woolwich in 1823, and in 1831 again proceeded on foreign service to the West Indies, whence it returned in 1837. Its only additional foreign service prior to the introduction of the Brigade system was at Gibraltar, where it served from January, 1845 to January, 1851, and to which station it again proceeded in May, 1855.

The history, present designation, and succession of Captains, of all the companies, will now be given.

No. 1 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Now "C" BATTERY, 1st BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1803 Capture of the French, Danish, and Dutch possessions. 1809 Reduction of Fort Dasaix. 1809 Reduction of Martinique. 1810 Expedition to Guadaloupe. 1855 Expedition to the Crimea.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1794 Captain George Lindsay. 1804 Captain Edmund Curry. 1804 Captain H. Douglas. 1804 Captain Richard S. Brough. 1812 Captain George Forster. 1816 Captain J. Bettesworth. 1817 Captain Charles Gilmour. 1821 Captain W. T. Skinner. 1829 Captain James Evans. 1831 Captain Francis Haultain. 1843 Captain John Dyson. 1844 Captain J. Sydney Farrell. 1844 Captain Hy. H. D. O'Brien. 1846 Captain H. C. Stace. 1854 Captain E. H. Fisher.

No. 2 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Became 1 Company, 3rd Brigade; was afterwards reduced; the
non-commissioned officers and men being formed into
"I" BATTERY, 1st BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Battle of Corunna.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1795 Captain Robert Thornhill. * * * * * 1810 Captain Blaney T. Walsh. 1818 Captain Charles Tyler. 1820 Captain Charles G. Alms. 1821 Captain Stephen Kirby. 1827 Captain William G. Power. 1835 Captain R. Andrews. 1845 Captain John Low. 1851 Captain John F. Cator. 1852 Captain J. B. Dennis. 1857 Captain W. E. M. Reilly.

No. 3 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Now "3" BATTERY, 12th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1815 Expedition to Guadaloupe. 1843 Served in the several Campaigns in the Kaffir Wars.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1800 Captain O. Jackson. 1804 Captain C. H. Fitzmayer. * * * * * 1819 Captain J. P. Cockburn. 1822 Captain J. St. Clair. 1827 Captain J. Longley. 1833 Captain P. V. England. 1843 Captain R. Shepherd. 1845 Captain C. H. Burnaby. 1853 Captain R. C. Romer. 1856 Captain C. N. Lovell.

No. 4 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Now "A" BATTERY, 1st BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Battle of Corunna. 1815 Expedition to the Netherlands: engaged in the reduction of the French fortresses in the north of France.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain Edward Pritchard. 1807 Captain Blaney T. Walsh. 1808 Captain Adam Wall. 1818 Captain James E. Grant. 1819 Captain R. F. Cleaveland. 1828 Captain Hon. W. Arbuthnott. 1830 Captain George B. Fraser. 1842 Captain H. Stow. 1844 Captain T. P. Flude. 1851 Captain H. P. Christie. 1856 Captain H. Bent. 1856 Captain C. H. Morris.

No. 5 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Now "3" BATTERY, 6th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1815 Expedition to Guadaloupe.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain L. O'Brien. 1802 Captain A. Duncan. 1803 Captain Frederick Walker. 1808 Captain Thomas Masson. 1811 Captain Alexander Tulloh. 1820 Captain Stephen Kirby. 1821 Captain C. G. Alms. 1822 Captain R. Gardiner. 1829 Captain Henry Blachley. 1838 Captain Mark Evans. 1846 Captain W. E. Heitland. 1847 Captain E. W. Crofton. 1854 Captain J. C. Childs. 1856 Captain R. H. Crofton. 1858 Captain G. R. C. Young.

No. 6 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
Now "D" BATTERY, 11th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Engaged at Vouga River. 1809 Engaged at Redouda Egrega. 1809 Engaged at the Passage of the Douro. 1809 Expedition to Spain. Battle of Talavera. 1810 Battle of Busaco. 1810 Battle of Sobral. 1811 Battle of Foz d'Arouce. 1811 Battle of Fuentes d'Onor. 1812 Expedition to Spain. 1813 Battle of Castella. 1813 Siege of Tarragona. 1813 Blockade of Barcelona. 1855 Expedition to Crimea, but did not disembark.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain James Gilbert. 1804 Captain C. F. Napier. 1804 Captain C. D. Sillery. 1809 Captain G. Thompson. 1814 Captain J. Briscoe. 1817 Captain H. Trelawney. 1826 Captain C. Cruttendon. 1827 Captain J. Darby. 1837 Captain A. W. Hope. 1846 Captain W. B. Young. 1850 Captain Edward Price. 1854 Captain R. W. Brettingham. 1855 Captain Hon. D. M. Fraser. 1858 Captain F. W. Hastings.

No. 7 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
_Reduced 1st March, 1817._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Reduction of Fort Dasaix. 1809 Reduction of the Island of Martinique. 1810 Expedition to Guadaloupe.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain Thomas Dodd. 1801 Captain Charles Neville. 1802 Captain Charles Gold. 1809 Captain J. A. Clement.

"_The Battle-Axe Company._"
No. 8 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION
(Became No. 7 on that Company being reduced),
Now "2" BATTERY, 5th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1809 Capture of the Island of Martinique. 1813-14 Campaigns in Canada, including operations against Fort Erie, and the engagement on the Chippawa in defence of the Log Bridge.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain James Viney. 1808 Captain Richard Dyas. 1808 Captain William Stewart. 1809 Captain R. J. J. Lacy. 1809 Captain James St. Clair. 1821 Captain H. Light. 1822 Captain J. St. Clair. 1822 Captain J. P. Cockburn. 1825 Captain S. Rudyerd. 1837 Captain J. Eyre. 1846 Captain F. Dunlop. 1854 Captain J. C. W. Fortescue. 1856 Captain H. Heyman.

No. 9 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION
(Became No. 8 on that Company being reduced),
Now "K" BATTERY, 4th BRIGADE.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1803 Engaged in the capture of the enemy's possessions in West Indies from the recommencement of hostilities. 1810 Expedition to Guadaloupe. 1855 Expedition to the Crimea and Fall of Sebastopol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain R. W. Unett. 1802 Captain G. Mann. 1806 Captain James Power. 1823 Captain J. E. Grant. 1832 Captain W. R. E. Jackson. 1837 Captain P. Sandilands. 1839 Captain H. R. Wright. 1846 Captain G. R. H. Kennedy. 1854 Captain A. C. Hawkins.

No. 10 COMPANY, 7th BATTALION,
_Reduced 1st February, 1819._

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Battles, Sieges, and other Military operations in which this Company has been engaged. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1803 Engaged in the capture of the enemy's possessions from the recommencement of hostilities. 1810 Expedition against Guadaloupe.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── List of Captains who have successively commanded the Company, as far back as can be traced, down to introduction of Brigade System, in 1859. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 1801 Captain C. Walker. 1808 Captain G. W. Unett. 1810 Captain W. Cleeve.

* * * * *

_N.B._—In the lists of the Captains who commanded the various companies, the names and titles borne by them at the date they commanded have alone been given. Very many of these officers afterwards received distinguishing titles and orders,—but it would not have been historically correct to anticipate their receipt of such honours.

-----

Footnote 52:

The Peninsular operations in which this Troop was engaged are copied
from Sir Hew Ross's MSS.

Footnote 53:

This officer was transferred to D Troop on the reduction of L Troop.

Footnote 54:

Lieutenant T. F. Strangways commanded at this action.

Footnote 55:

This officer commanded when it consisted merely of Rocket detachments,
and was not yet organized into a Troop. He was killed at Leipsic.

Footnote 56:

Captain Geary was killed in command of the Company at Roleia.

Footnote 57:

Killed in action during Kaffir War.

Footnote 58:

Captain Hardy was killed at the relief of Lucknow.

Footnote 59:

Detachments of the Company had been previously employed in the several
captures of the enemy's possessions in that quarter since the
recommencement of hostilities in 1803.

Footnote 60:

_N.B._—This was the only battery engaged at the Battle of the
Tchernaya.

Footnote 61:

Thanked in Orders by Sir S. Achmuty.

Footnote 62:

Cust.

Footnote 63:

Lieutenant Carter had been taken prisoner by the enemy's fleet on Lake
Ontario in 1813, and was closely shut up to be hanged in retaliation
for deserters. He succeeded, however, in making his escape, and after
travelling 1500 miles of country, joined his company previously to the
opening of the campaign of 1814.

APPENDICES.