Chapter LV

Ninth town—Thurlow—Name—When surveyed—Front—Indian burying ground—
Owner of first lots—Chisholm—Singleton—Myers—Ferguson—Indian
traders—To Kingston in batteau—Singleton’s death—Ferguson’s
death—Distress of the families—Settled, 1789—Ascending the
Moira—Taking possession of land—Fifth concession—John Taylor—
Founder of Belleville—Myers buying land—Settlers upon the front—
Municipal record—Town officers—1798—Succeeding years—Canifton,
its founder—Settling—The diet—Building mill—Road—River Moira—
Origin of name—Earl Moira—Indian name—Indian offering—
“Cabojunk”—Myers’ saw-mill—Place not attractive—First bridge—The
flouring-mill—Belleville—Indian village—Myers’ Creek—Formation
of village—First Inn—Permanent bridge—Bridge Street—In 1800—
Growth—A second mill—McNabb’s—Sad death—Captain McIntosh—Petrie—
Inhabitants, 1809—Dr. Spareham—Naming of Belleville—Bella Gore—
By Gore in council—Petition—Extract from Kingston Gazette—
Surveying reserve—Wilmot—Mistakes—Granting of lots—Conditions—
Board of Police—Extent of Belleville—Muddy streets—Inhabitants
in 1824—Court-house—First Court, Quarter Sessions—Belleville in
1836 489

CHAPTER LVI.

Tenth township—Richmond—Origin—Quantity of land—Shores of Mohawk
Bay—Village on south shore—Original land holders—Names—Napanee—
The falls—The mill—Salmon River—Indian name—Source of Napanee
River—Its course—Colebrook—Simcoe Falls—Name—Clarke’s Mills—
Newburgh—Academy—The settlers—“Clarkville”—No records 503

DIVISION IX.

THE EARLY GOVERNMENT OF UPPER CANADA.

CHAPTER LVII.

Military rule—Imperial Act, 1774—French Canada—Refugees—Military
Government in Upper Canada—New Districts—Lunenburgh—
Mecklenburgh—Nassau—Hesse—The Judges—Duncan—Cartwright—Hamilton—
Robertson—Court in Mecklenburgh—Civil Law—Judge Duncan—Judge
Cartwright—Punishment inflicted—First execution—New Constitution
of Quebec—1791, Quebec Bill passed—Inhabitants of Upper Canada 505

CHAPTER LVIII.

Simcoe—His arrival in Canada—Up the St. Lawrence—An old house—“Old
Breeches’ River”—Simcoe’s attendants—The old veterans—“Good old
cause”—“Content”—Toasting—Old officers—Executive Council of
Upper Canada—First entry—Simcoe inducted to office—Religious
ceremony—“The proceedings”—Those present—Oath of office—
Organization of Legislative Council—Assembly—Issuing writs for
elections—Members of Council—Simcoe’s difficulty—At Kingston—
Division of Province—The Governor’s officers—Rochfoucault upon
Simcoe—Simcoe’s surroundings—His wife—Opening Parliament in
1795—Those present—Retinue—Dress—The nineteen counties—Simcoe’s
designs—Visit of the Queen’s father—At Kingston—Niagara—A war
dance 509

CHAPTER LIX.

General Hunter—Peter Russell—Francis Gore, 1806—Alex. Grant—Brock—
1812—United States declare war—Prompt action—Parliament—
Proclamation—The issue—Second proclamation—General Hull—His
proclamation—Bombast and impertinence—The Indians—Proclamation
answered—Hull a prisoner—Michigan conquered—To Niagara—At
Queenston heights—“Push on York Volunteers”—Death of Brock—
McDonnell—War of 1812, the Americans—Extract from Merritt—What
Canadians did—Brock’s monument—General Sheaffe—General Drummond—
Invading the States—What Canada will do—Lord Sydenham—A tribute
by Dr. Ryerson—Union of the Provinces 517

CHAPTER LX.

Kingston—First capital—First act of government—Niagara—Selecting
the capital—Niagara in 1788—Carrying place—Landing place—Newark—
In 1795—Mr. Hamilton—The inhabitants—Little York—The Don—The
Harbor—Survey—De la Trenche—London—Inhabitants of the Don—Yonge
street, a military road—Governor at York—Castle Frank—York in
1798—The Baldwins—In 1806—Buffalo—York, 1813—Taken by the
Americans—The Combatants—Toronto—“Muddy York”—A monument
required 526

CHAPTER LXI.

Parliament—Simcoe’s Proclamation—Nineteen counties formed—Names
and boundaries—First elections—Names of members—Officers of the
House—A Quaker member—Chaplain—Meeting of Parliament—The Throne,
a camp stool—Address—To both houses—Closing address—Acts passed—
Simcoe’s confidential letters—A contrast—A blending—2nd Session—
The Acts—Quarter Sessions—3rd, 4th, 5th Sessions—New division of
Province—1798—Modes of punishment—Burning the hand—Whipping—
Salaries of officers—Revenue first year—The members of
Parliament—Education—Offering for Parliament—A “Junius”—Early
administration of justice—“Heaven-born lawyers”—First
magistrates 533

DIVISION X.

THE EARLY MILITIA OF UPPER CANADA.

CHAPTER LXII.

Militia Act, 1792—Simcoe—No faith in the Americans—His views—
Military Roads—Division of Districts—Military purposes—The
officers—Legislation—The expenses—Repeated Legislation—
Aggressive spirit—The Enrolment—Hastings Battalion—“Something
brewing”—List of Officers—Col. Ferguson—Col. Bell—Leeds Militia—
Officers’ clothing—The Midland District—Prince Edward—Training
Places 544

CHAPTER LXIII.

In 1812, around Bay Quinté—The declaration of war—The news at
Kingston—The call to arms—Hastings—Events at Kingston—In 1813—
Attack upon Sacket’s Harbor—Oswego—American fleet before
Kingston—Royal George—Kingston prepared—Chrysler’s farm—A
“Postscript”—Along the St. Lawrence—Ribaldry—The Commissary—
Capt. Wilkins—Quakers—Rate of pay—American prisoners—The
Wounded—Surgeons, Dougal, Meacham—Jonathan Phillips—Militiamen’s
reward—Militia orders—Parliamentary grants 551

CHAPTER LXIV.

The Six Nations in 1812—American animus—“Manifest Destiny”—Mohawk
Indians—A right to defend their homes—Inconsistency—American
savages—Extract from Playter—Brock’s proclamation—Indian
character, conduct, eloquence—Deserters in 1812—Few of them—
Court-martials—The attempts at conquest by the Americans—The
numbers—Result of war—Canadians saved the country—And can do so—
Fraternal kindness 564

DIVISION XI.

ADVANCE OF CIVILIZATION.

CHAPTER LXV.

Canada’s first step in civilization—Slavery in America—By whom
introduced—False charge—Slavery in Canada—History—Imperial Acts—
Legislation in Canada—The several clauses—In Lower Canada—
Justice Osgood—Slavery at the Rebellion—Among the U. E.
Loyalists—Those who held slaves—Descendants of the slaves—“A
British slave”—“For sale”—“Indian slave”—Upper Canada’s Record—
Compared with the States—Liberty—Why the United States abolished
slavery—Honor to whom honor is due 569

CHAPTER LXVI.

Returns to the Pioneer—Bay Region—Garden of Canada—Clogs—False
views of settlers—Result—New blood—Good example—Anecdote—The
“Family Compact”—Partiality—Origin of the _Compact_—Their
conduct—The evil they did—A proposed Canadian Aristocracy—What
it would have led to—What may come—“Peter Funks” 580

CHAPTER LXVII.

Agriculture—Natural Products—Rice—Ginseng—Orchards—Plows—Reaping—
Flax—Legislation—Agricultural Society organized by Simcoe—A
Snuff Box—Fogies—Silver—Want of help—Midland District taking the
lead—Societies—Legislative help—Prince Edward—Pearl Ashes—
Factories—Tanneries—Breweries, Carding Machines—Paper—Lumber—
First vehicles—Sleighs—Waggons—Home-made—Roads—First Public
Conveyances—Stages—Fare—Building Greater—Sawing Mills introduced
by the Dutch—First Brick Building—Myers’ House—Its past history—
Furniture from Albany—Currency—Paper Money—Banks—First
Merchants—Barter—Pedlars—On the Bay 587

CHAPTER LXVIII.

Steam vessels—Crossing the Atlantic in 1791—First Steam Vessel—
Hudson—The second on the St. Lawrence—First across the Atlantic—
In Upper Canada—_Frontenac_—Built in Ernesttown—The Builders—
Finkle’s Point—Cost of Vessel—Dimensions—Launched—First Trip—
Captain McKenzie—‘_Walk-in-the-Water_’—_Queen Charlotte_—How
Built—Upon Bay Quinté—Capt. Dennis—First year—Death of Dennis—
Henry Gilderslieve—What he did—Other Steamboats—Canals—First in
Upper Canada—Welland Canal—Desjardin—Rideau—Its object—Col. By—A
proposed Canal—Railroads—The first in the world—Proposed Railway
from Kingston to Toronto, 1846—In Prince Edward District—
Increase of Population—Extract from Dr. Lillie—Comparison with
the United States—Favorable to Canada—False Cries—The French—
Midland District, 1818 599

DIVISION XII.

THE UNITED EMPIRE LOYALISTS—THE FATHERS OF UPPER CANADA.

CHAPTER LXIX.

Definition—A division—Their principles—Our position—Ancestry—
Dutch—Puritans—Huguenots—New Rochelle—English writers—Talbot—
Falsehoods—Canadian and English ancestry—Howison—Maligner—
Gourlay’s reply—Palatines—Old names 616

CHAPTER LXX.

Character—Hospitality—At home—Fireside—Visitors—Bees—Raisings—
Easter Eggs—Dancing—Hovington House—Caste—Drinks—Horse-racing—
Boxing—Amusements—La Crosse—Duels—Patriotism—Annexation—Freedom—
Egotism—The Loyalists—Instances—Longevity—Climate of Canada—A
quotation—Long lived—The children—The present race—A
nationality—Comparison—“U. E. Loyalist”—Their Privileges—Order
of Council—Dissatisfaction 624

CHAPTER LXXI.

Notice of a Few—Booth—Brock—Burritt—Cotter—Cartwright—Conger—Cole—
Dempsey—Detlor—Fraser—Finkle—Fisher—Fairfield—Grass—Gamble—
Hagerman—Johnson’s—“Bill” Johnson—Macaulay—The Captive,
Christian Moore—Parliament—Morden—Roblins—Simon—Van Alstine—
Wallbridge—Chrysler—White—Wilkins—Stewart—Wilson—Metcalf—Jayne—
McIntosh—Bird—Gerow—Vankleek—Perry—Sir William Johnson’s
children 642