Chapter XXIX: Section 2: The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by (3)

Ryswick, Treaty of, I.

Sackville-West, Lord, reply to "Murchison" letter, V.

St. Augustine, named by Melendez, I.

St. Clair, General, evacuates Ticonderoga, II.

St. Clair, Governor,
expedition of, II.
deposed from command, II.

St. Johns taken, II.

St. Lawrence, gulf and river, discovered and named, I.

St. Leger, General, expedition of, II.

St. Louis, II.
Exposition, VI.
meeting of Inter-Parliamentary Union at, VI.
Lakes to the Gulf Deep Waterways Association formed at, VI.

St. Paul, Minn., IV.

St. Philip's, Fort, IV.

Salem witchcraft, I.

Salvation Army, V.

Samoan Islands,. V.
population, VI.

Sampson, Admiral W. T., in Santiago naval battle, V.

San Francisco,
earthquake, VI.
Japanese students in, VI.

Santa Anna, in the Mexican war, III.

Santa Maria, I.

Santangel, I.

Santiago, Cuba, VI.

Santo Domingo, Republic of, VI.

Sausaman murdered, I.

Savannah,
capture of, II.
taken by Sherman, IV.

Savings banks, the first. III.

Savornin-Loman, M., VI.

Saybrook, fort at, I.

Schenectady, the massacre of, I.

Schley, Admiral W. S., in Santiago naval battle, V.

Schofield, General, IV.

Schools,
in colonial America, I.
Catholic attitude toward, in United States, IV.
improvements in, VI.

Schurz, Carl, IV.
and the civil service, IV.

Schuyler, General, II.

Scott, Dred, decision in case of, III.

Scott, Winfield,
in war of 1812, II.
in Mexican war, III.

Seattle, Wash., exposition at, VI.

Secession,
movements after Lincoln's election, III.
whether non-revolutionary, was possible, III.
threats of, III.
attitude of the Southern States toward, III.
South Carolina determines on, III.
other States declare, III.
attitude of border States on, III.
question of the effect of, on Confederate States, IV.

Sedgwick, General, IV.

Seminole war, the, III.
Indians, in Indian Territory, VI.

Semmes, Admiral, IV.

Sequasson, I.

"Seven Days' Fight," the, IV.

Seward, William H., III.
and slavery, III.
attempted assassination of, IV.
and the Trent affair, IV.

Sewing-machines, III.

Seymour, Attorney-General, I.

Seymour, Horatio, IV.

Shafter, Major-General W. R., in the Santiago campaign, V.

Shaftesbury, Lord Ashley Cooper, Earl of, I.

Shays's Rebellion, II.

Shelburne, Secretary of State in England, opens peace negotiations, II.

Shenandoah Valley, explored, I.
operations in, IV.

Sheridan, General Phil, IV.
"Sheridan's Ride" IV.
at Five Forks, IV.
at New Orleans, IV.

Sherman Anti-trust law, enactment of, VI.

Sherman, James S., nominated Vice-President, VI.

Sherman, John,
his silver bill, IV.
and resumption, IV.

Sherman, General W. T.,
his words concerning battle of Bull Run. III.
at battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, IV.
at Vicksburg, IV.
his movements about Chattanooga, IV.
goes to Knoxville, IV.
his army, IV.
his march to the sea, IV.
takes Atlanta, IV.
takes Savannah, IV.
his message to Lincoln, IV.
marches north, IV.
takes Charleston, IV.
at Columbia, IV.
routs Johnston at Bentonville, IV.

Sherwood, Grace, ducked, I.

Shiloh, battle of, IV.

Ship Subsidy Bill, the, VI.

Shirley, Governor, of Massachusetts, in King George's war, I.

Shoshone Dam, the, VI.

Sibley, Hiram, and telegraphy, III.

Sickles, General, IV.
at Gettysburg, IV.

Silver coinage, III. , IV.
Sherman's bill, IV., V.

Sinclair, Upton, his novel, The Jungle, VI.

Slater, Samuel, the "father of American manufactures." II.

Slavery,
in early Virginia, I.
George Keith against, I.
early history of, III.
Jefferson and the great Virginians against, III.
Quakers against, III.
ordinance of 1787 and, III.
hostility to, in the States, III.
in the North, III.
in the South, III.
pleas for its existence, III.
pro-slavery arguments, III.
anti-slavery opinions, III.
difficulties of the question, III.
Whigs opposed to, III.
and cotton, III.
social and economic evils of, III.
strict laws concerning slaves, III.
feeling for, strengthened, III.
each State sovereign over, in its own boundaries, III.
growing hatred for, in the North, III.
fugitive slave law, III.
expeditions to kidnap free negroes for, III.
domestic slave-trade, III.
renewed hostility against, III.
"a crime," III.
New England anti-slavery society, III.
positions of the North and South on, III.
victory of, III.
attitude of Whigs toward, III.
treatment in Congress of petitions against, III.
growing feeling on subject of, III.
plans for foreign conquest in behalf of, III.
Alexander Stephens on, III.
fostered anti-democratic habits of thought and action, III.
the Confederate Constitution on, III.
slaves in Union lines, IV.
universal emancipation proclaimed, IV.

Slaves. See Slavery.

Sleeping-cars, III.

Smith, Captain John, I.

Smith, General, IV.
court-martialed and retired in Philippines, V.

Smyth, John, his church at Gainsborough, I.

Social Democratic party, convention, 1904, VI.

Social differences in Colonial America, I.

Socialism and state socialism in United States, IV.

Socialist Labor party,
convention, 1904, VI.
convention, 1908, VI.

Solis, de, voyage of, I.

Soto, Ferdinand de,
his march into interior of America, I.
discovers the Mississippi, I.
his death, I.
end of his expedition, I.

South,
the business relations between the North and, III.
opposition in, to abolitionists, III.
its position on slavery, III.
repudiates the Douglas theory, III.
adopts the Calhoun theory, III.
attitude of, toward the Union, III.
its indictment against the North concerning personal liberty laws, III.
resources of, compared with those of the North, III.
strong Union spirit still in, III.
well supplied with military stores, III.
bent on setting up a slave empire, III.
advantages of, over the North, III.
reduced to the last extremity, IV.
attitude of, just after the war, IV.
rejects the XIVth Amendment, IV.
fresh turmoil in, IV.
results of reconstruction in, IV.
restoration of white rule in, IV.
improvements in, IV.
loyalty in, IV.
prosperity and progress in, IV., V., VI.
representation of, in national offices, IV.
manufactures in, IV., VI.
population, IV.
agriculture in, IV., VI.
suffrage in State constitutions, V.
negro in, V.
exports and imports along Gulf, VI.
water power facilities of, VI.
coal and iron supply of, VI.
forests of, VI.
industrial growth of, VI.
cotton production of, VI.
roads in, VI.
stock-raising in, VI.

South American republics,
interest of United Stales in, VI.
trade with, VI.

South Carolina,
its nullification ordinance, III.
recedes, III.
attitude of, toward secession, III.
secedes, III.
attitude toward negroes at close of the war, IV.

South Dakota made a State, IV.

South Kingstown, R. I., fight at, I.

South Mountain, battle of, IV.

Spain,
the new world divided between Portugal and, I.
gets most of America, I.
hostilities in Florida between France and, I.
lacked in vigor, I.
reasons for failure of, to colonize far north in America, I.
tyranny of, over her own colonies, I.
joins alliance of France and America, II.
her claim to Florida, III.
willing to sell Florida, III.
and Cuba, III.
and the United States, V.
rebellions in Cuba, V.
Santiago surrendered, V.
fleet destroyed Santiago, V.
naval battle Manila, V.
evacuates Cuba, cedes Porto Rico, sells Philippines, V.
in American Revolution, V.

Spaniards, treatment of American natives by the, I.

Spanish-American war, V.

Spanish coins, II.

Specie payment, resumption of, IV.

Sperry, Rear-Admiral Charles S .. VI.

Spinning machinery, II., III.

Spooner Act concerning isthmian canal, VI.

Sports, in United States, in 1800, II.

Spotswood, Governor, of Virginia, I.

Spottsylvania, battle of, IV.

"Squatter Sovereignty," III.

Stamp Act, the, II.
repealed, II.

Stanton, Secretary, III.

Star of the West, the, fired on, III.

Stark, General, II.
his cool courage, II.

"Starving time," the, in Virginia, I.

State constitutions, revision of, V.

State Department,
the, II.
rights and the central government, III.
rights in slavery, III.
authority as compared with that of the Union, III.
under Secretary Hay, VI.

Steam, navigation begun, II.
fire engines, III.

Steamship combinations, VI.

Steel trade, VI.

Stephens, Alexander H.,
his position on the slavery Question, III.
chosen Vice-President of the Confederacy, III.

Steuben, Baron, II.

Stevens, Thaddeus, IV.

Stevenson, Adlai E., nominated for Vice-President, 1900, V.

Stillwater, battles of, II.

Stone,
Governor, of Maryland, I.
deposed, I.
attempts, to regain the province, I.

Stone River, battle of, IV.

Stony Point, attack on, II.

Stoughton, Lieutenant Governor, and witchcraft, I.

Street railways. III.

Strike of 1877,
the, IV.
Homestead, V.
Pullman, V.
steel, VI.
coal, VI.

Stuyvesant, Governor, his administration, I.

Submarine boats, VI.

Suffrage,
extension of, IV.
woman, V.
negro, V.

Sullivan, General, at Newport, II.

Sumner, Charles,
supersedes Webster, III.
attack upon, by Brooks, III.
on secession, IV.

Sumter, Fort,
fired upon, III.
evacuated, III.
effect of firing on, in the North, III.

Sumter, General, II.

Sumter, the screw steamer, IV.

Sun, N. Y., and the Moon Hoax, III.

Sunday laws in colonial New England, I.

Sunday-schools, II.

Superstitions in colonial New England, I.

Supreme Court,
its decision in the Dred Scott case, III.
on ownership of Philippines, V.
Northern Securities case, VI.
Bailey case, VI.
Danbury Hatters case, VI.
Standard Oil case, VI.
American Tobacco Co. case, VI.

Swallow, Silas C., Prohibitionist candidate, VI.

Swedes, the first colony of, in America, I.
compelled to recognize Dutch supremacy, I.

Sydney, Atlantic fleet at, VI.

T

Ta Tung Kao, Port of, opened to nations. VI.

Taft. W. H.,
civil governor of Philippines, V., VI.
Secretary of War, VI.
nominated President, VI.
elected, VI.
qualifications of, VI.
inauguration of, VI.
cabinet of, VI.
salary, VI.
attitude toward admission to Union of New Mexico and Arizona. VI.
and classified service. VI.
and International Arbitration, VI.
and the great question of the hour, VI.
on reelection, VI.

Talleyrand,
his attitude toward America, II.
recedes from his arrogant demands, II.

Tappan, Lewis, his house sacked, III.

Tariff, the,
under Washington's administration, II.
retaliatory measures against England. II.
doctrine of Whig party on. III.
rise of rates after 1816, III.
relations of parties and sections to, III.
of abominations, III.
nullification of, in South Carolina III.
Calhoun on, III.
compromise, III.
since the civil war, IV.
policy of political parties on, IV.
the McKinley, IV.
the Wilson. Senate Bill, IV., V.
Wilson law, V.
extra session Congress Dingley law, V.
Cuban, V., VI.
Philippines, V., VI.
Porto Rico, V.
Canadian, VI.
in campaign 1900, V.
reciprocity, V., VI.
on cotton and woollen goods, VI.
revision of, VI.
Tariff Board formed, VI.
"maximum and minimum" clause, VI.
Payne-Aldrich Bill, VI.
Beveridge Commission Bill, VI.
Reciprocity Bill, VI.
Farmers' Free List Bill, VI.

Tarleton, General, II.
quoted, II.

Taxation,
of the colonies, I., II.
England's attitude toward, II.
Massachusetts' opposition to, II.
at close of the Revolution, II.
for civil war debts, IV.
See also Tariff.

Taylor, Bayard, recites ode at Centennial Exposition, IV.

Taylor, General Zachary,
in the Mexican war, III.
elected President, III.
urges California to apply for statehood, III.
his death. III.

Tea troubles in colonial America, II.

Tecumseh, II.

Telegraph,
instruction and use of, III.
ocean telegraphy, III., V.

Telephone, the. IV., V.

Teller, Senator, and the silver question, in Republican Convention 1896. V.

Temperance movement, III.

Tennessee,
becomes a State, II.
and secession, III.
Centennial and International Exposition, V.
Coal Creek riot, V.

Terry, General. IV.

Tesla, Nikola, V.

Texas,
France takes possession of, I., IV.
the Texan question, III.
declares its independence of Mexico, III.
annexation of, III.
its boundaries, III.
enlargement of, III.
secedes, III.

Thanksgiving day. II.

Thayendanegea, II.

Theatres in United States in 1800, II.

Thevet, Andre, I.

Thomas, Gabriel, history of Pennsylvania, I.

Thomas, General George H.,
at Chickamauga, IV.
at Missionary Ridge, IV.
follows Hood, IV.
routs Hood's army, IV.

Thurman, Allen G., nominated for Vice-President, V.

Ticonderoga taken, II.
again in British hands,

Tilden. Samuel J., presidential nominee, IV.

Tippecanoe, II.
"and Tyler too," III.

Tobacco,
product of Maryland, I.
in Virginia, I.

Topeka Convention, the, III.

Toral surrender, Santiago, V.

Toscanelli. I.

Trans-Missouri case, the, VI.

Travel in colonial America, I., II.
in the fourth decade, III.
by coach, III.
by canal, III.
transatlantic, III.
by rail, III.
improvement in, of late years, IV.

Treasury Department, II.
and the panic of 1907, VI.

Treaties, annexing Hawaii, V.
Treaty of Paris, Spain and United States, V.

Treaty of peace between England and America signed, II.
its provisions, II.
clause relating to fisheries, IV.

Treaty of Washington,
the, IV.
three rules laid down by, IV.
on fisheries question, IV.

Trent affair, the, IV.

Trenton, Washington at, II.

Truckee-Carson Canal, VI.

Trumbull, Governor, of Connecticut, quoted, II.

Trust companies, VI.

Trusts, IV., VI.

Tubbles, Thomas H., Populist Party candidate, VI.

Tucson, Arizona, VI.

Turner, Captain,
his attack on Indians at Connecticut Falls, I.
killed, I.

Turner's rebellion, III.

Tuskegee Institute, V.

Twiggs, General, surrenders, III.

Tyler, John, elected Vice-President, III.

U

Uncas, I.
and Miantonomoh, I.

Underhill, in Dutch-Indian war, I.

Union,
the attitude of the North and South toward, III.
the Calhoun theory, III.
state authority and, III.
"must be preserved," III.

United States,
debt of, at close of the Revolution, II.
critical condition of, II.
population of, in 1700, II.
distribution of population of, II.
government departments of, II.
the revenue system, II.
the mint of, II.
judiciary of, II.
England's attitude toward, in 1793, II.
France's insolence toward, II.
war feeling in, II.
centres of population in, II., VI.
land system of, II.
population of, in 1880, II.
rural life, II.
theatres and sports, II.
lotteries, II.
coinage, II., III.
postal service, II., III., IV.
newspapers, II., III.
party strife, III.
manufactures and inventions, II.
factory system in, II.
bank, II., III.
internal improvements, III.
and States rights, III.
life and manners in the fourth decade, III.
population of, in 1830, III.
the West and the East in 1830 and 1840, III.
literature in, III.
charitable institutions, III.
personal character, III.
religions, III.
industrial advance by 1840, III.
railroads and canals in, III., VI.
and Cuba, III.
population and economic prosperity of, in 1860, III.
seizure by secessionists of property of, III.
borrows from banks to pay war debt, IV.
and the Alabama claims, IV.
her dispute with England on the fisheries question, IV.
reduction of debt, IV.
finances of, IV.
labor agitations in, IV.
industry, IV.
art in, IV.
suffrage in, IV. V
immigration, IV., VI.
Catholics in, IV.
and Italy, V.
industrial progress, V., VI.
agriculture, V.
foreign affairs, V.
Federal court injunction in strikes, V.
opinion in Europe over war with Spain, V.
relations to Cuban Republic, V., VI.
war in the Philippines, V.
constitution and colonial possessions, V.
government of colonies, V.
population, V.
population in 1910, VI.
comparisons of population by States, VI.
rapid growth of cities, VI.
manufactures, V.
foreign commerce, V.
government in the Philippines, VI.
cancels portion of Chinese debt, VI.
treaty with China, VI.
and Venezuela, VI.
and South American Republics, VI.
and Republic of Santo Domingo, VI.
peace congresses held in, VI.
and the Hague tribunal. VI.
swampland area of, VI.
financial system of, VI.
Treasury aids New York city in panic of 1907, VI.
sells Panama bonds, VI.
farms in, VI.
reciprocity with Canada, VI.
government by "initiative," VI.
the "referendum" VI.
the "recall," VI.
by the people, VI.

United States Steel Corporation. VI.

Usselinx, I.

Utah,
as a territory, III.
its prosperity, IV.

Utrecht, Treaty of, I.

V

Valley Forge, II.

Van Buren, Martin, III.
and the panic of 1837, III.
his spirit toward slavocrats, III.
Jackson's influence for, III.
and Mrs. Eaton, III.
did not favor annexation of Texas, III.
leads the "free soilers," III.

Vanderbilt, Cornelius, IV.

Vaudreuil, General, at Montreal, I.

Velasquez, Governor of Cuba, I.

Venezuela, and the Hague Tribunal, VI.

Vera Cruz captured, III.

Vergennes's prophecy, II.

Verrazano,
explorations of, I.
names explored land "New France." I.

Vespucci, Amerigo. See Amerigo Vespucci.

Vicksburg,
siege and capture of, IV.
famine at, IV.

Vienna, fight at. III.

Virginia,
named by Queen Elizabeth, I.
the old charter of, I.
early population of, I.
progress and products of, I.
slavery in, I.
social life in, I.
hardships and dissensions in, I.
new charter granted to, I.
the "starving time" in, I.
change in governing colony of, I.
Indian hostilities in, I.
self-government in, I.
Virginia Company dissolved, I.
colonies of, attached to the king and church of England, I.
under Cromwell, I.
conflict of, with Maryland, I.
population of, in 1643, I.
after the restoration, I.
its spirit, population, and resources, I.
under Lord Howard, I.
under Nicholson, I.
under Spotswood, I.
population of, in 1700 and later, I.
the clergy in, I.
the first to urge a reform of the confederation, II.
ratifies the Constitution, II.
resolutions on the sedition acts. II.
and slavery, III.
and secession, III.
McClellan's campaign in, III.
attitude toward negroes at close of the war, IV.

Voting,
reforms in, VI.
direct vote, VI.

Vries, De, begins settlement of Delaware, I.

W

Waite, Morrison R., IV.

Walker, Rear-Admiral, and the Atlantic-Pacific canal commission, VI.

Walker, Sir Hoveden, I.

Walker, William, expedition of, III.

Wallace, General Lew, IV.
defeated at Monocacy River, IV.

War Department, the, II.

War of 1812, II.
ill-success of land operations, II.
naval operations, II.
opposition of Federalists to, II.
attitude of New England toward, II.
attitude of various sects toward, II.
Czar Alexander seeks to end, II.
close of, II.
effect of, on the fisheries question, IV.

Warren, Joseph, killed, II. 73.

Wars. See
Pequot War;
Dutch Indian War;
Philip, King, War of;
William, King, War of;
Anne, Queen, War of;
George, King, War of;
French and Indian War;
Revolution;
War of 1812;
Seminole War;
Mexican War;
Civil War;
Spanish-American War.

Washington, Booker T., V.

Washington, Fort, captured, II.

Washington, George,
birth and education, I.
at Great Meadows, I.
only officer not wounded, I.
his advice to Braddock unheeded, I.
Rev. Samuel Davies's words concerning, I.
his words concerning independence, II.
chosen commander by Congress, II.
his character, II.
difficulties before him, II.
his movements about New York, II.
retreats across New Jersey, II.
crosses the Delaware, II.
at Trenton and Princeton, II.
at Brandywine, Germantown, and Valley Forge, II.
distrust of, II.
at Monmouth,II.
sends aid to the South, II.
at Yorktown, II.
his reply to Parliament, II.
his entry into New York, II.
his farewell to his army, and retirement, II.
his words at Monmouth, II.
the Custer of the Revolution, II.
his character and ability, II.
tributes to, by various writers, II.
his influence, II.
president of the Federal Convention of 1787, II.
inaugurated President, II.
a Federalist, II.
domestic questions of the administration of, II.
signs charter of United States Bank, II.
his proclamation of neutrality toward France and England, II.
Jefferson's criticisms of, II.
Rives's criticism of, II.
justification of his policy toward France, II.
Genet's conduct toward, II.
attended theatres, II.
assailed, II.
his treaty with the Barbary powers, II.
germs of the Monroe doctrine in, III.
centennial anniversary of inauguration as President, V.

Washington made a State, IV.

Washington,
population of, in 1800, II.
in peril at opening of civil war, III.
Confederate forces close to, III.
defenceless after Bull Run, III.
General Early's advance against, IV.
the treaty of, IV.

Water, conservation of, VI.

Waterways Commission, VI.

Watkins, Aaron S., Prohibition candidate, VI.

Watson, Thomas E., Populist Party candidate, VI.

Wayne, General Anthony,
at Stony Point, II.
his expedition against the Indians, II.

Ways and Means Committee, VI.

Weaver, General, Populistic candidate for President, V.

Webster, Daniel,
quoted. II.
the orator of the Whig Party, III.
his record, III.
superseded by Sumner, III.

Weed, Thurlow, III.

Wells, David A., IV.

West,
the, II.
in 1830, III.
growth of, III.
the new, IV.
growth of States and cities, IV.

West India trade, III.

West Virginia admitted to the Union, III.

Wethersfield, founded, I.

Weyler, General, and the Cuba rebellion, V.

Wheeler, William A., IV.

Wheelwright purchases land in New Hampshire, I.

Whig Party, the,
origin of, II., III.
five doctrines of, III.
characteristics of, III.
interesting figures of, III.
and the tariff, III.
for paper money, III.
its national spirit, III.
opposed to slavery, III.
adopt Harrison as their candidate, III.
its attitude toward slavery, III.
death of, III.

Whipple, Captain Abraham, II.

White, Justice, VI.

White Plains, battle of, II.

Whitney, Eli, and the saw-gin, III.

Whittier, John G., III.

Wickersham, George W., Attorney-General, VI.

Wigs, in colonial America, I.

Wilderness, the fight in the, IV.

Wilkes, Captain, and the Trent affair. IV.

Wilkinson, General, II.

William. King,
vetoes witchcraft act, I.
and Maryland, I.
King William's war, I.

William and Mary
College, I.
Fort, captured. II.

Williams, Mr., his daughter at Deerfield, Mass., I.

Williams, Roger, I.
his views, I.
his exile, I.
settles at Providence, I.
and George Fox, I.

Wilmot Proviso, the, III.

Wilson, Henry,
challenged by Brooks, III.
becomes a Republican, III.
nominated for Vice-President. IV.

Wilson, James, Secretary of Agriculture, VI.

Wilson Senate Bill, the, IV.

Windsor founded, I.

Winslow, Captain, IV.

Winthrop, Governor, I.

Winthrop, the younger, goes to London on Connecticut's behalf, I.

Wireless telegraphy, VI.

Wisconsin, population in 1830, III.

Wise, Governor, of Virginia, III.

Witchcraft, I.
Cotton Mather's experiments in, I.
trials for, I.
reaction against, I.

Wolfe, General, at Quebec, I.

Woman,
rights of, IV.
higher education of, IV

Wood, General Leonard, Governor of Cuba, V., VI.

Wool, tariff on, III., VI.

World's Fair, the, at Chicago, V.

Worship, public, in colonial New England, I.

Wright, General, IV.

Wright, Senator Silas, III.

Wright, Wilbur and Orville, VI.

Wyatt. Sir Thomas, I.

Wyoming, Pa., massacre at, II.

Y

Yeardley, Governor, of Virginia, I.

Yokohama, Atlantic fleet at, VI.

Yorktown, battle of, II.

Yorktown, McClellan at, IV.

Yukon, Alaska, gold discovery, V.