Chapter VIII: Exemption Laws (3)

The following personal property is exempt from seizure or sale on any execution and from attachment or garnishment: 1st. The family Bible. 2d. Family pictures and school-books. 3d. The library of the debtor. 4th. The seat or pew in any place of public worship. 5th. All wearing apparel of the debtor and his family; all stoves and appendages kept for the use of the debtor and his family; all cooking utensils and all other household furniture not exceeding two hundred dollars in value, and one gun, rifle, or other firearm not exceeding fifty dollars in value. 6th. Two cows, ten swine, one yoke of oxen, and one horse or mule, or, in lieu of one yoke of oxen and horse or mule, two horses or two mules, ten sheep and the wool from the same, either in the raw material or manufactured into yarn or cloth; the necessary food for one year's support for all such stock, also one wagon, cart, or dray, one sleigh, one plow, one drag, and other farming utensils, including a tackle for teams, not exceeding two hundred dollars in value. 7th. The provisions for the debtor and his family necessary for one year's support, and fuel necessary for one year. 8th. The tools, implements, and stock in trade of any mechanic, miner, merchant, trader, or other person, used or kept for the purpose of carrying on his trade or business, not exceeding two hundred dollars in value. 9th. All sewing-machines owned by individuals and kept for the use of themselves or family. 10th. Any sword, plate, books, or other article presented or given to any person by congress, legislature of any of the United States, or by either body of congress or of such legislature, whether presented by vote or raised by subscription of the members of either of the aforesaid bodies, 11th. Printing material and press or presses used in the business of any printer or publisher, to an amount not exceeding fifteen hundred dollars in value, provided no sum exceeding four hundred dollars shall be exempt from payment of employees. 12th. Horses, arms, equipment, and uniforms of all officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates used for military purposes in the organized militia of the State. 13th. All books, maps, plates, and other papers kept or used by any person for the purpose of making abstracts of title to land. 14th. The interests owned by any inventor in any invention secured to him by letters patent of the United States. 15th. The earnings of all married persons and other persons having a family dependant upon them for support, for three months next preceding the issue of an attachment, execution, or garnishment, to the amount of sixty dollars only for each month. Such exemption shall not exceed one hundred and eighty dollars in all for the three months. 16th. All fire-engines, apparatus, and equipments, used or to be used for the protection of property from fire. 17th. All moneys arising from insurance of any exempt property when such property has been destroyed by fire. 19th. All money arising on any policy of insurance on the life of a minor, payable to his father or mother, or both, shall be exempt against the creditors of such father or mother, but not against the creditors of such minor. Certain other life insurance moneys are also exempt. 20th. All cemetery lots owned by individuals and all monuments therein, the coffins and other articles for the burial of any dead person, and the tombstone or monuments for his grave, by whomsoever purchased. 21st. Pensions paid policemen, firemen, their widows or minor children. 22d. Shares of the value of one thousand dollars at time of withdrawal in a local building and loan association held by one not owning a homestead which is exempt. A homestead to be selected by the owner, consisting, when not included in any city or village, of any quantity of land not exceeding forty acres, used for agricultural purposes, and when included in any city or village, of any quantity of land not exceeding one-fourth of an acre and the dwelling-house thereon and its appurtenances owned and occupied by any resident of the State, not exceeding five thousand dollars in value, is exempt. Proceeds of homestead not exceeding five thousand dollars are exempt for two years. Husband cannot assign exempt wages except by a written instrument signed by wife with two witnesses, nor for a longer period than two months in advance.

WYOMING.

Every householder being the head of a family, and every resident who has attained the age of sixty years, is entitled to a homestead not exceeding in value fifteen hundred dollars, exempt from execution or attachment for any debt, contract, or civil obligation, while such homestead is actually occupied as such by the owner thereof, or his or her family. The homestead may consist of a house and lot or lots in any town or city, or a farm of not more than one hundred and sixty acres.

Besides the homestead above mentioned, the wearing apparel of every person is exempt from judicial or ministerial process; also the following property when owned by any person being the head of a family and residing with the same, to wit: the family Bible, pictures, and school-books; a lot in any cemetery or burial ground; furniture, bedding, provisions, and such other articles as the debtor may select, not to exceed in all the value of five hundred dollars, to be ascertained by the appraisment of three disinterested householders; provided that no personal property of any person about to remove or abscond from the State shall be exempt. The tools, teams, and implements, or stock in trade of a mechanic, miner, or other person, and used and kept for the purpose of carrying on his trade or business, is exempt to a value not exceeding three hundred dollars; also the library, instruments or implements of any professional man, not to exceed in value three hundred dollars.

BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Personal property to be selected by the debtor to the value of five hundred dollars is exempt from execution. Under the Homestead Act lands to the value of twenty-five hundred dollars may be registered as a homestead, and are then exempt from seizure or sale.

MANITOBA.

1st. Bedding and furniture not exceeding five hundred dollars. (This exemption does not apply, where claim, for which distress warrant has issued, is for wages.) 2d. Necessary clothing for judgment debtor and his family. 3d. Twelve volumes of books and the books of a professional man, one axe, one saw, one gun, six traps. 4th. Food for judgment debtor and family for eleven months if in possession. 5th. Three horses, mules, or oxen, six cows, ten sheep, ten pigs, fifty fowl, and food for the same during eleven months, provided that the exemption as to horses over four years of age shall apply only in case they are used by the judgment debtor in earning his living. 6th. Tools and implements up to five hundred dollars. 7th. Farm lands up to one hundred and sixty acres actually resided upon, cultivated by the judgment debtor, or used for grazing or other purposes, and the houses, stables, barns on the farm lands resided upon by judgment debtor. 8th. The actual residence or house of any person other than a farmer, provided the same does not exceed in value fifteen hundred dollars. 9th. All the necessary seeds of various varieties or roots for proper seeding and cultivation of eighty acres. 10th. Insurance on exemptions also exempt. There are no exemptions in cases of judgments for board and lodgings. No article is exempt when judgment was for purchase price of article seized.

NOVA SCOTIA.

The necessary wearing apparel and bedding and bedsteads of the debtor and his family, and the tools and instruments of his trade or calling to the value of thirty dollars, one stove, and his last cow, cooking utensils, six each of knives, forks, plates, cups, saucers, spoons, chairs, one shovel, one table, teapot, jug, spinning-wheel, weaving loom, ten religious volumes, food and fuel for thirty days, two sheep, one hog, and food for same and cow for thirty days shall be exempt from execution.

NEW BRUNSWICK.

Wearing apparel, bedding, kitchen utensils, and tools of trade or calling to the value of one hundred dollars.

ONTARIO.

The following chattels are exempt from seizure under any writ of execution whatever, and after the death of the debtor are exempt from the claims of his creditors: Furniture, bedding, and wearing apparel not exceeding in value one hundred and fifty dollars; fuel and provisions not exceeding in value forty dollars; animals not exceeding in value seventy-five dollars, and food therefor for thirty days; tools to the value of one hundred dollars; one dog and fifteen hives of bees. Free grants and homesteads to actual settlers in the districts of Algoma and Nipissing, and of certain lands between the River Ottawa and the Georgian Bay, are also free from creditor's claims.

QUEBEC.

The debtor may select and withdraw from seizure: 1st. The bed, bedding and bedsteads in use by him and his family. 2d. The ordinary and necessary wearing apparel of himself and his family. 3d. Two stoves and their pipes, one pot-hook and its accessories, one pair of andirons, one pair of tongs, and one shovel 4th. All the cooking utensils, knives, forks, spoons, and crockery in use by the family, two tables, two cupboards or dressers, one lamp one mirror, one washing stand with its toilet accessories, two trunks or valises, the carpets or matting covering the floors, one clock, one sofa, and twelve chairs, provided that the total value of such effects does not exceed the sum of fifty dollars. 5th. All spinning-wheels and weaving looms intended for domestic use, one axe, one saw, one gun, six traps, such fishing-nets, lines, and seines as are in common use, one tub, one washing machine one wringer, one sewing-machine, two pails, three flat-irons, one blacking-brush, one scrubbing-brush, one broom. 6th. Fifty volumes of books, and all drawings and paintings executed by the debtor or the members of his family, for their use. 7th. Fuel and food sufficient for the debtor and his family for three months. 8th. One span of plow-horses or a yoke of oxen; one horse, one summer vehicle and one winter vehicle, and harness used by a carter or driver for earning his livelihood; one cow, two pigs, four sheep, the wool from such sheep, the cloth manufactured from such wool, and the hay and other fodder intended for the feeding of said animals; and, moreover, the following agricultural tools and implements; one plow, one harrow, one working sleigh, one tumbril, one hay-cart with its wheels, and all harness necessary and intended for farming purposes. 9th. Books relating to the profession, art, or trade of the debtor, to the value of two hundred dollars. 10th. Tools and implements or other chattles ordinarily used in his profession, art, or trade to the value of two hundred dollars, 11th. Bees to the extent of fifteen hives.

The following are exempt from seizure: Consecrated vessels and things used for religious worship; family portraits; immovables by a donor or testator, or by law, to be exempt from seizure, and sums of money or objects given or bequeathed upon the condition of their being exempt from seizure; old age annuities created by the act of Parliament of Canada, alimentary allowances granted by a court, and sums of money or pensions given as alimony, even though the donor or testator has not expressly declared them to be exempt from seizure (they may, however, be seized for alimentary debts); pensions granted by financial and other institutions to their employees; pay and pensions of persons belonging to the army or to the navy; the salaries of some public officers and professors, tutors, school teachers, and public officers; salaries of some public officers and employees of the Province, and salaries of city and town clerks, and of other municipal officers and employees and of city and town assessors in incorporated cities or towns, are seizable for one-fifth of every monthly salary not exceeding one thousand dollars per annum; one-fourth of every monthly salary exceeding one thousand dollars, but not exceeding two thousand dollars per annum, and one-third of every monthly salary exceeding two thousand dollars per annum. Four-fifths of the salary, remuneration, or earnings of members of the Corporation of Pilots for and below the harbor of Quebec for the pilotage of vessels are exempt from seizure. All other salaries and wages are exempt from seizure for four-fifths when they do not exceed three dollars per day; three-quarters when they exceed three dollars but do not exceed six dollars per day; and two-thirds when they exceed six dollars per day. There are also special exemptions in favor of settlers and fishermen.

_INDEX._

Accounts
Close collection, 17
Items over year apart, 33
Payment on, revives, 33

Attitude
Toward Debtors, 11
" the poor, 14
" off-color women, 15
" children, 15

Bookkeeping
Systems, 19
Original entry, 19
Marks and Ciphers, 19
Charity practice, 20

Checks
Post-dated, 23
Due on Sunday or holiday, 23
Changing date makes void, 23
Not dated, never payable, 23
Are orders, 23
Do not hold, 23
If not paid, 23
Certified, 24
Erase endorsement, 24

Collectors
On commission, 7
Office girl best, 17

Corporation orders, 30

Discounting bills, 9

Forms
Letter when debtor fails to keep appointment, 18
Collecting letters, bluff, 24
Sentiment, 25
Class, 25
Pen written, 25
Class 1, 26
Class 2, 27
Class 3, 28
Personal, 28
Items for, 29
Order-note, 22
Statement, 21

Exemptions, 33
Provisions for physicians, 34
Runs to widows and minors, 34
Not certain claims, 34
Not for fines, Tennessee, 34
Wages of seamen, Rhode Island, 34
Homestead not, Pennsylvania, 34
Gun and revolver, Oregon, 34
Public buildings, 35
Property, selection, 35
Until youngest child of age, 35
Laws, liberal, 14-34
" North Dakota, liberal, 34
" Alabama, 35
" Alaska, 36
" Arizona, 37
" Arkansas, 37
" California, 38
" Colorado, 40
" Connecticut, 41
" Delaware, 43
" Dist. of Columbia, 44
" Florida, 44
" Georgia, 45
" Hawaii, 46
" Indiana, 48
" Iowa, 48
" Illinois, 53
" Idaho, 51
" Kansas, 50
" Kentucky, 55
" Louisiana, 56
" Maine, 57
" Maryland, 58
" Massachusetts, 59
" Michigan, 60
" Minnesota, 61
" Mississippi, 62
" Missouri, 63
" Montana, 64
" Nebraska, 65
" Nevada, 66
" New Hampshire, 67
" New Jersey, 68
" New Mexico, 68
" New York, 70
" North Carolina, 71
" North Dakota, 71
" Ohio, 71
" Oklahoma, 73
" Oregon, 74
" Pennsylvania, 75
" Rhode Island, 75
" South Carolina, 76
" South Dakota, 76
" Tennessee, 78
" Texas, 79
" Utah, 80
" Vermont, 82
" Virginia, 83
" West Virginia, 85
" Washington, 85
" Wisconsin, 86
" Wyoming, 88
" British Columbia, 89
" Manitoba, 89
" Nova Scotia, 90
" New Brunswick, 91
" Quebec, 91
" Ontario, 91

Judgments, foreign, Oklahoma, 33
West Virginia, 33

Limitations, All States, 33

Padding accounts, 15

Proper time to collect, 16

Notes, 18

Sight Draft, 29

Successful Physician, the, 7

Loans, 12

_The Physician's
Improved Account System_

The card ledger is the up-to-date book-keeping system and is being used
for all kinds of accounts.

It is the simplest and best method a doctor can use. With it there are
no dead accounts to handle (when an account is paid the card is
transferred to the closed accounts); no indexing to do, the cards being
filed in alphabetical order; there is a great economy of time, the
statement of an account is always ready when a client asks for it;
because of this, collections are made prompter and easier.

=The Physician's Account System= consists of a handsome quarter-sawed,
dust-proof oak box (like the illustration shown) 5x6x9 inches, with a
hinged lid, 500 buff cards, 3x5 inches, ruled on both sides, and two
sets (A to Z) of alphabet guide cards, one set for the open accounts,
the other for the closed accounts, and a movable metal partition to
separate the open from the closed accounts.

Additional cards for this outfit may be secured at low cost, and as dead
accounts may after a time be filed away, it constitutes a perpetual and
very inexpensive ledger or account system.

Hundreds of physicians are using this system, and have nothing but
praise for it; not one has raised an objection to it.

=Don't= spend a lot of money for an elaborate accounting system. No matter
what you pay you cannot find as simple, convenient and satisfactory
system as this.

=Price, Complete In Oak Cabinet, with Pocket Call Book $5.00=

_Physicians Drug News, Newark, N. J._

_In connection with our account system we supply a
Physicians Practical Call Book
for recording daily calls_

"The object of this book is to furnish physicians with a simple and
convenient method of recording calls, in as small compass as
possible."

It is perpetual; may be begun at any time. It is elastic; if one
double page is not sufficient, two may be employed.

It is free from the mass of printed matter which cumbers up the
average call book and nearly all of which is unnecessary.

Size 7x4 inches. Handsomely bound, gilt edges, with flap.

_Price $1.00_

With name on, stamped in gold $1.25

_Physicians Drug News, Newark, N. J._

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Text in italics is surrounded with underscores: _italics_.

Text in bold is surrounded with equals signs: =bold=.

Punctuation has been corrected without note.

Inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation have been retained from
the original.

Obvious typographical errors have been corrected as follows:
Page 16: I changed to 1
Page 21: acounts changed to accounts
Page 50: individal changed to individual
Page 51: libary changed to library
Page 55: Ilinois changed to Illinois
Page 57: usefruct changed to usufruct
Page 67: minor changed to miner
debtors changed to debtor's
calender changed to calendar
Page 68: virture changed to virtue
Page 70: owners changed to owner's
Page 79: pusuit changed to pursuit
Page 95: Dicounting changed to Discounting
Page 99: Newark, N. changed to Newark, N. J.

On page 40, note that 16th is missing in the original text.

End of Project Gutenberg's How to Collect a Doctor Bill, by Frank P. Davis