Chapter I: Front Matter

HOW TO JUDGE ARCHITECTURE

How to Judge
Architecture

_A POPULAR GUIDE TO THE APPRECIATION
OF BUILDINGS_

By
RUSSELL STURGIS, A.M., Ph.D.

_Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, Member of
The Architectural League of New York, The National
Sculpture Society, The National Society of Mural
Painters, etc., etc. Author of “Dictionary of
Architecture and Building,” “European
Architecture,” etc., etc._

NEW YORK: THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO.

33-37 EAST SEVENTEENTH ST., UNION SQ., NORTH

Copyright, 1903, By THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO.

_Published, September, 1903_

Contents

CHAPTER PAGE

I. EARLY GREEK DESIGN 11

II. LATER GREEK AND ROMAN DESIGN 35

III. EARLY MEDIÆVAL DESIGN 66

IV. CENTRAL MEDIÆVAL DESIGN 93

V. LATE MEDIÆVAL DESIGN 114

VI. REVIVED CLASSIC DESIGN 131

VII. LATER REVIVED CLASSIC DESIGN 143

VIII. EIGHTEENTH CENTURY DESIGN 159

IX. NINETEENTH CENTURY: IMITATIVE DESIGN 176

X. NINETEENTH CENTURY: ORIGINAL DESIGN 192

Illustrations

ST. PETER’S CHURCH, ROME _Frontispiece_

PLATE PAGE

I. Hexastyle Doric Temple, Pæstum,
Southern Italy Facing 14

II. Parthenon, Athens “ 15

Parthenon, Athens “ 15

III. Theseum (Theseion), Athens “ 24

Curvature of Stylobate of Parthenon “ 24

IV. Restored Model of the Parthenon “ 25

V. Erechtheum (Erechtheion) Athens “ 36

Erechtheum, Athens “ 36

VI. Erechtheum, Portico of Caryatides “ 37

VII. Erechtheum “ 38

Details of Entablature, Acropolis, Athens “ 38

Corner Capital, Acropolis, Athens “ 38

VIII. Temple of Athene Polias, Priene “ 39

IX. Restored Model of Pantheon “ 48

The Pantheon, Rome “ 48

X. Ruins of Temple of Castor and
Pollux, Rome “ 49

Ruins of Temple of Mars Ultor,
Rome “ 49

XI. Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine,
Rome “ 54

XII. Sculptured Details of Temple of Vespasian, Rome “ 55

Arch of Trajan, at Benevento, Southern Italy “ 55

XIII. Jerash, Syria (Ruins of Gerasa) “ 60

Ancient City Gates of Gerasa “ 60

XIV. Part of the Bounding Wall of the Forum of Nerva, Rome “ 61

XV. Basilica Santa Maria Maggiore,
Rome 72

XVI. Interior of the Church of San Miniato,
near Florence, Tuscany “ 73

XVII. Church of Sant’ Ambrogio, Milan “ 76

XVIII. Interior of Cathedral Tournai, Belgium “ 77

Church of St. Martin (der Gross S. Martin) at Cologne, Rhenish Prussia “ 77

XIX. Church of the Holy Apostles, Cologne,
Rhenish Prussia “ 80

XX. Cathedral of St. Martin, Mainz
(Mayence) Hesse, Germany “ 81

XXI. Tower of Church of St. Radegonde,
Poitiers, (Vienne) France “ 84

XXII. Church of Notre Dame la Grande,
at Poitiers “ 85

XXIII. Interior of Church Hagia Sophia, Constantinople “ 88

XXIV. Exterior of Church Hagia Sophia,
Constantinople “ 89

Church of S. Theodore, Athens “ 89

XXV. Monastery of Gelati near Kutais in
the Caucasus “ 90

XXVI. Chapel of Nancy, France “ 91

XXVII. Interior of Amiens Cathedral “ 98

XXVIII. Cathedral at Reims (Marne) France, Choir Aisle “ 99

Cathedral at Reims (Marne) France, Choir Aisle, Different View “ 99

XXIX. Cathedral at Amiens (Somme),
France. Exterior “ 102

XXX. Cathedral at Chartres (Eure et
Loir) “ 103

XXXI. Cathedral at Salisbury, Wilts,
England “ 108

XXXII. Bell Tower of Cathedral, Florence, Tuscany “ 109

XXXIII. Cathedral at Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England “ 120

XXXIV. Cathedral at Peterboro’, Northants,
England “ 121

XXXV. Westminster Abbey, London “ 122

XXXVI. Chapel of Henry VII. (Willis
drawing) “ 123

XXXVII. Church of Brou, at Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain), France “ 124

XXXVIII. Church of Saint Wulfran, Abbeville (Somme), France “ 125

XXXIX. Townhall of Audenarde, Belgium “ 126

XL. Outer Porch, Albi (Tarn), France “ 127

XLI. South Porch, Albi (Tarn), France “ 128

XLII. The Loggia dei Lanzi at Florence “ 129

XLIII. Chapel of the Pazzi, Church of
Santa Croce, Florence, Tuscany “ 134

XLIV. Palazzo Rucellai, Florence “ 135

XLV. Palazzo Strozzi, Florence,
Tuscany “ 138

Palazzo Riccardi, Florence “ 138

XLVI. Courtyard of the Palazzo della
Cancellaria, Rome “ 139

XLVII. Cloister, Santa Maria della Pace,
Rome “ 140

XLVIII. Courtyard of Palazzo di Venezia, Rome “ 141

XLIX. Courtyard of Palazzo Borghese,
Rome “ 142

L. Château at Blois (Loir et Cher),
France “ 148

LI. Royal Château at Blois (Loir et
Cher), France “ 148

LII. Château of Écouen (Seine et Oise),
France “ 149

Wollaton Hall, Notts, England “ 149

LIII. Hall of Middle Temple, London “ 152

LIV. Church of the Theatiner Monks at
Munich, Bavaria “ 153

Ducal Palace, Genoa, Italy “ 153

LV. Palazzo Carignano, Turin, Piedmont,
Italy “ 172

Palazzo Madama, Turin, Italy “ 172

LVI. Exhibitions Building (Kunstausstellungs-Gebäude,)
Munich, Bavaria “ 173

Gateway Building (Propylæa), Munich “ 173

LVII. Interior of St. George’s Church, Doncaster, Yorks, England “ 190

Exterior of Church of St. George, Doncaster “ 190

LVIII. Trinity Church, Boston, Mass “ 191

LIX. Cathedral at Truro, Cornwall,
England “ 196

LX. Apartment House, “St. Alban’s
Mansions,” London “ 197

LXI. West Ham Institute, Sussex,
England “ 204

LXII. House and Beer-shop (zum Spaten) Berlin, Prussia “ 205

LXIII. Club-House, Cercle de la Librairie, Paris “ 208

LXIV. Building of N. Y. Life Insurance Co., St. Paul, Minn. “ 209

How to Judge Architecture