Chapter XVI: The Scope of Ethics 332

THE PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY By Herbert Spencer IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME I CONTENTS OF VOL. I. PART I.—THE DATA OF BIOLOGY. CHAPTER PAGE I. —Organic matter 3 II. —The actions of forces on organic matter 27 III. —The re-actions of organic matter on forces 45 IIIA. —Metabolism 62 IV. —Proximate conception of life 78 V. —The correspondence between life and its circumstances 91 VI. —The degree of life varies as the degree of correspondence 101 VIA. —The dynamic element in life 111 VII. —The scope of biology 124 PART II.—THE INDUCTIONS OF BIOLOGY. I. —Growth 135 II. —Development 162 IIA. —Structure 181 III. —Function 197 IV. —Waste and repair 213 V. —Adaptation 227 VI. —Individuality 244 VIA. —Cell-life and cell-multiplication 252 VII. —Genesis 269 VIII. —Heredity 301 IX. —Variation 320 X. —Genesis, heredity, and variation 336 {xii} XA.

—Genesis, heredity, and variation—Concluded 356 XI. —Classification 374 XII. —Distribution 395