Chapter XXVI: Rama's Mission Fulfilled (3)

Moon devourer, Rahu in India, dragon in China, and the wolf in
Teutonic lore, 64, 144.

Moon god addressed with Rudra, 28;
as sire of the sun, 29;
Chandra as, 35;
marriage of with sun maid, 37;
Shiva as, 146.

Morocco, blondes in, xxix.

Mosso, A., broad heads invade Europe, xxxv.

Mother, the great, worship of, 13;
in India, 148;
Lakshmi as, 149.

Mother earth, invoked at burials, 115, 116.

“Mother of the Vedas”, Vach as, 149.

“Mother right”, recognized by brown (Mediterranean) race, xxx.

Mothers, the, Agni has ten, 20;
two of Rajah Jarasandha, 229;
and of Osiris, 229 _n._

Moulton, Professor, on Mithra's origin, 30, 40 _n._; 41.

Mountain, the holy, addressed by Damayanti, 347.

Mountain giants, theory of origin of, 71.

Mount Meru (may´roo), Indra's heaven on, 4;
Pandava princes journey to, 324 _et seq._

Muir's Sanskrit texts, xxv, 39 _n._, 101 _n._;
on Yugas, 104, 105 _n._

Müller, Dr. Sophus, introduction into Europe of cremation rite, xxxv.

Müller, Max, his Aryan term, xx;
on Aryan racial cradle, xxi;
on Aryan language and race problem, xxiii _et seq._

Music, Narada the patron of, 153.

Mycenæ, lords of, did not cremate dead, xxxvi.

Myres, Professor, on military aristocracies, xxxvi.

Mythical Ages. See _World's Ages_.

Mythology of India, its special interest, xviii;
distinction between religion and, 135.

Myths, rational explanation of criticized, 70, 71.

Nägă country, infanticide in, 60.

Nägăs, the snake deities, in Varuna's heaven, 59, 65;
worship of among Aryans, 66;
none in world's first age, 107;
Surasa mother of, 414.

Năkülă, the Pandava, son of Madri and twin Aswins, 176;
temporary death of, 263;
journey of towards paradise, 324 _et seq._.

Nălă (of the _Mahábhárata_), “world guardians” in story of, 31;
horse sacrifice in, 91, and purpose of, 92;
the story, 328 _et seq._;
message of the swan, 330;
gods desire Damayanti, 332;
interview with Damayanti, 333-5;
the swayamvara, 335-7;
demon Kali plots against, 338-9;
Kali enters, 340;
gambling match with brother, 341, 342;
exile of, 342, 343;
deserts Damayanti, 344;
the serpent Karkotaka, 353;
is transformed, 354;
as Vahuka, the charioteer, 355;
Damayanti's search for, 358, 359;
the second swayamvara, 360;
journey to Rituparna, 360-3;
Kali ejected, 362;
Damayanti's maid interviews, 365-8;
interview with Damayanti, 368-70;
second gambling match and kingdom won back, 371-3.

Näla (of the _Rámáyana_), the green ape artisan, 418.

Năn´di, bull of Shiva, 147.

Narada (nä´rădă), the Devarishi, in story of Savitri, 45;
descriptions of various heavens by, 57-9;
a renowned teacher and musician, 153;
message of to Pandavas, 321, 322;
in story of Nala, 331;
curses Karkotaka, 353;
in the _Rámáyana_, 374.

Nãrãyana (när´äyănă), divine incarnation of world soul, 100;
Brahma as, 101;
colours of in various yugas (world's ages), 108;
Markandeya's vision of at end of yugas, 114 _et seq._;
Vishnu as, 124.

Nasatya, in Asia Minor, xxxii, 32.

Natesa (nă-t_e_sh´ă), the dancer, Shiva as, 147, 148.

Nature, feeling for in Sanskrit literature, xlvii;
magical control of, 80.

Necklet, coin called after, 78.

Nectar, of the gods, soma as, 35;
of Nagas, 66.

Neith (ne-ith), Egyptian “earth mother”, 13.

Nemed's Age, in Irish mythology, 110 _et seq._

Neolithic Age, European burial customs in, xxxiii;
Indra as a god of, 2.

Nepthys (nep´this), as joint mother of Osiris, 229 _n._

New Year celebrations, xliii.

Nifelhel (nĭfel´hel), xliv.

Night, Ratri goddess of, 34.

Night fairies, 70.

Nirriti, goddess of destruction, 67;
region of in _Brahmanas_, 81.

Nirvänă, “eternal emancipation”, Buddha's teaching regarding, 131 _et
seq._

Normans, xxxv, xxxvi.

Northern fair race, xxvii, xxviii, xxix.

Oak in Aryan languages, xxi.

Ocean of Milk, xl;
the churning of the, 142 _et seq._
Also _Sea of Milk_.

Ocean, heaven of. See _Varuna_.

Odin (ō´din), xlv, 12, 13, 24, 36, 37.

Odyssey, the _Mahábhárata_ compared with, 129, 156;
the _Rámáyana_ compared with, 139.

Offspring, religious need for, 59, 60.

Oldenberg, Professor, on Vedic burial customs, xxxii;
on Agni's mothers, 20;
on Agni and Mitra, 22;
on Vishwamitra-Vasishtha problem, 154;
on the Puru, Kuru, and other clans, 155.

Olympus, 4.

_Om_, the three Vedas and the Trinity, 111;
Vishnu as, 126.

Omar, Fitzgerald's, 40.

“Ord na Feinne”, the Gaelic thunder hammer, 3.

Orkney, cremating invaders reach, xxxv.

Ormuzd, xxxiii.

Osiris (Ōsī´ris), xliv;
Rajah Jarasandha has two mothers like, 229 _n._

Ossianic (osh´e-an-ik), wife burning reference, xxxvii.

Oudh. See _Ayodhya_.

Owls as messengers of death, 41;
Egyptian spirits as, 75.

Pachomios, the first Christian monk, 133.

Palæolithic Age, 71.

Palestine, cremation in, xxxvii;
“hammer god” in, 3.

P'an Ku, China's “first man” and thunder god, 2;
like Indra and Ptah, 9, 10;
as chaos giant, 90 _n._, 148.

Panchala (păn-chäl´ă—_ch_ as in _change_) tribe united with Kuru
tribe, xxxix;
Drupada becomes rajah of, 180;
divided by Drona, 197;
Drupada's son and daughter the hope of, 210;
swayamvara of Draupadi at, 211 _et seq._;
Draupadi becomes joint wife of Pandavas at, 222.

Pandavas (pän´dăvăs), epic heroes, rivals of the Kauravas (Kurus),
156;
the sons of Pritha and Madri, 176;
as youthful rivals of the Kauravas, 177 _et seq._;
rivalries at the tournament, 185 _et seq._;
defeat Drupada for Drona, 195, 196;
conquests by, 197;
first exile of, 198 _et seq._;
sojourn in Eka-chakra, 206 _et seq._;
journey of to Panchala, 211, 212;
Draupadi to be possessed by all, 219 _et seq._;
division of raj with Kauravas, 224;
Arjuna's exile, 225;
imperial sacrifice of at Indra-prastha, 228 _et seq._;
at the gambling match with Kauravas, 237 _et seq._;
exiled, 248 _et seq._;
second exile of, 249 _et seq._;
need of celestial weapons, 255;
rescue of Duryodhana by, 259, 260;
four brothers stricken down at holy pond by Dharma, 263 _et seq._;
end of forest exile, 263;
in city of Virata, 266 _et seq._;
Kauravas declare exile of not completed, 268;
preparations for the “great war”, 270 _et seq._;
the Virata meeting of allies of, 270 _et seq._;
negotiations and preparations for war, 273 _et seq._;
war breaks out with Kauravas, 285 _et seq._;
triumph of mingled with grief, 310 _et seq._;
behold return of the dead warriors, 320, 321;
gloom of last days of, 322;
journey of five brothers and Draupadi to Indra's heaven, 323-327.

Pandu (pan´dü), son of Vyasa, 172;
wives of when king, 173;
story of doom of, 175 _et seq._;
in paradise, 327.

Pänis, aerial demons, enemies of Indra, 67.

Pantheism, the Upanishadic, 88.
See _Brahmă_ and _World soul_.

Paradise, the Indian, xlvii;
dead walk to, or are transported to by fire, 39.
Also see _Heaven_.

Parashara (păräsh´ără), the Brahman, father of Vyasa, 167.

Părăsü´-rämaă (Rama with the axe), an incarnation of Vishnu, 136.

Parjăn´ya, rain cloud as, 26.

Parmäda, the Brahman, discovers Nala, 359.

Parsees, number of, xviii;
burial custom of, xxxiii.

Parthians, the, ancient Indians archers on horseback like, 187 _n._

Pärth´olon's age, in Irish mythology, 110 _et seq._

Păr´vătă, the rishi, rival of Narada, 153;
in story of Nala, 331.

Parvati (pär´vătee), the goddess, wife of Shiva, 150;
mother of Ganesa, 151;
as mother of Kartikeya, 152;
horse for sacrifice becomes mare owing to curse of, 314.

Pastoral life, the Aryan, 76.

Pätälă, Indian Fomorians confined in, 64;
“Asura fire” in, 65;
Danavas and Daityas dwell in, 256.

Patriarchal life in Vedic period, 77.

Patriarchs, the tribal, Brighu as a celestial rishi, 102.

Patroklos (pä-trōk´los), cremation of, xxxvi, xxxviii, 38.

Peacocks, Solomon obtained from India, 84.

Penance, power derived from, 85;
Irish saint performs like Brahmans, 111.

Persia, as Aryan racial cradle, xix;
Assyrian influence in mythology of, 62;
horse sacrificed in, 93.

Persian Gulf, Ea, artisan god of, 12.

Persian language compared with Sanskrit, 61, 62.

Persian mythology, Mithra in, 29, 30;
Haoma (soma) in, 36.

Petrie, Professor Flinders, on monasticism in Egypt, 133.

Pharaoh, Rajah a god among men like a, 74 _n._

Physician of the gods, 144.

Pig, the, treatment of in Asiatic, European, and African mythologies,
136.

Pigeon as a messenger of death, 41.

Pinches, Professor, 12, 29 _n._

Pisachas (pe-shätch´ăs), devourers of dead bodies, 67.

Pitri´păti, “lord of the fathers” (dead) Yama is, 42.

Pit´ris, the spirits of ancestors, xxxviii;
Yama king of the, 57, 58;
worship of, 61, 102.

Pitris (Fathers), the land of, xxxii;
childless Rishi sent back from, 59, 116.

Pleiades, wives of Rishis as, 153.

Pleistocene age, men of as elves and fairies, 71.

Plough, the, used by early Aryo-Indians, 76.

Poetry, God of, Ganesa as, 151.

Poets, priests were, 33, 78, 79, 80.
See _Rishi_.

Pole Star, Brahman identified with, 145.

Pope Gregory the Great, 135.

Pork, prejudice against and where eaten, 136.

Posts, sacrificial, 93.

“Pot of Worth”, 249 _n._

Prabhasa (pră-bhä´să), city of, Arjuna in, 226.

Prădyum´nă, the love god, 151.

Prăhläd´ă, the demon king's son, story of, 135.

Prăjä´păti, the Creator, 94, 98;
as the Chaos Boar, 136;
divine incarnation of World Soul, 100;
creative tears of, 100, 101;
rises from lotus like the Egyptian Horus, 101.

Prămădvără, in story of “The Brahman and his Bride”, 43, 44.

Prayers, mantras as, 87.

Predestination, belief in, 42 _et seq._

Prehistoric monsters, bones of and giant stories, 71.

Preserver, the, Vishnu as in Trinity, 119.

Preserver, Vishnu as child creator, 124.

Priesthood, rise of the, 80;
four periods of Brahman's life, 81;
how maintained, 82;
as human gods, 84.
See _Rishi_, _Hotri_, _Purohita_, _Brahman_.

Priests, as poets and leaders, 33, 78, 79;
caste of, 79.
See _Caste_.

Prishata (prish´ätă), father of Drupada, 179.

Pritha (preet´hä), mother of Pandavas, 21;
mother of, a nymph, 173;
Surya, sun god, father of her son Karna, 174;
choice of King Pandu at swayamvara, 175;
mother of three Pandavas, 176;
desires to perform suttee, 176, 177;
at the tournament, 186 _et seq._;
the coming of Karna, 189 _et seq._;
in first exile of Pandavas, 200;
flight of, 201;
story of Bhima and the Rakshasas, 202 _et seq._;
sends Bhima to slay Vaka, 207;
journeys with sons to Panchala, 211;
exile of Arjuna, 225;
Draupadi and Subhadra, 228;
interview with Krishna, 282;
reveals to Karna she is his mother, 283;
Karna's promise, 284;
her sorrow for the dead after “great war”, 312;
retires to forest, 319;
return of the dead, 320, 321;
perishes in jungle fire, 322;
in Paradise, 327.

Prithivi (prit´hi-vee), Indian earth goddess, xxxi, 6;
as a cow, 13;
harvest offering to, 14;
flees from Agni, 20, 148.

_Psalms_, burnt offerings, 121.

Ptah (tä), as “hammer god” of Egypt, 3;
like Indra and Pa'n Ku, &c., 9, 10;
as a chaos giant, 90 _n._;
emerges from chaos egg like Brahma, 101, 114 _n._, 148.

Punjab, Aryan settlement in, xxix;
date of invasion of, xxx;
fire worshippers in, xxxii;
Aryans of called “Westerners”, xxxix, 1;
Indra in and in Mitanni, 3;
beliefs regarding after life in, 40;
Aryans in Babylon before entering, 62;
Aryan folk drift from, 76.

Punyajänas, “the good people”, Yakshas as, 68.

Puränăs, the sacred poems, 124;
Krishna in, 129;
purpose of, 134, 135;
Hinduism and, 135;
the sacredness of, 139;
old myths in, 140;
the “Churning of the Ocean” in, 142.

Pürocha´na, secret agent of Duryodhana, 200;
death of, 201.

Purōhită, family priest, 80;
Vishwamitra as, 154.

Pür´ü, tribal name of as eponymous king, 156;
a Vedic tribe, merged in Kuru coalition, 155.

Pürüsh´ă, the “first man”, and sacrifice of by gods, 89;
compared with Ymer, 90;
myth of, 95;
Brahma identified with, 102;
Saraswati as the female form of, 149;
Rudra as, 150.

Pürüsh´ă-m_e_´´dha (human sacrifice), 88.

Push´kără, brother of Nala, wins kingdom at dice, 340, 341, 342;
kingdom won back from, 371-3.

Püt, the hell called, 41;
fathers only are reserved from, 59.

“Queen of Heaven”, the Babylonian and Assyrian, xxxi.

Rä, Egyptian sun god, xli, xliv;
compared with Surya, 32;
Brahma emerges from chaos egg like, 101, 114 _n._;
Shiva acts like, 150.

Race run by gods, 14.

Races, the mythical, “silver”, “golden”, “bronze”, and “iron”, 110.
See _World's Ages_, _Lunar Race_, and _Solar Race_.

Racial types, variety of in India, xvii, xviii;
influence of disease on, xli.

Rädhä´, Krishna's favourite, 129, 149.

Ragnarok (rag´na-rok), in Teutonic mythology, xliv _n._;
in Indian giant lore, 65.

Rähu, swallower of sun and moon, 64;
the rational theory, 71;
the demon of eclipse, origin of, 144.

Raids for wives, 60.

Rain, frog hymn for, 36, 37;
priests help Indra to bring, 84;
Buriat horse sacrifice to obtain, 91;
drum and trumpet to bring, 92, 317;
souls turned into by the moon, 117.

Rajah, as a divine Pharaoh, 74 _n._

Räjăsúyă (imperial sacrifice) held by Yudhishthira, 228 _et seq._;
Duryodhana desires to perform, 261.

Räk´shăsăs, Agni slayer of, 22;
in Agni hymn, 24;
“enemies of man”, the “night prowlers”, 66;
Yakshas sometimes like, 68;
rational explanation of criticized, 71;
none in world's first age, 107;
the rishi Pulastya a slayer of, 154;
Bhima weds a woman of, 202 _et seq._;
Bhima's Rakshasa son, 206;
Bhima slays Hidimva, 202-5;
Jara as a household fairy who is worshipped, 229;
Rama and Lakshmana wage war against, 379-81;
unable to break Shiva's bow, 382;
Rama battles against alone, 402, 403;
apes battle against in Ceylon, 419 _et seq._;
Kumbha-Karna, the sleeper, 419, 420;
rout of in Ceylon war, 424.

Rämă of _Rámáyana_, xlvi, xlvii, xlviii;
an avatara of Vishnu, 125;
in cult of Vishnu, 139;
story of, 374 _et seq._;
birth of and childhood, 378;
goes to forest with Vishwamitra, 378;
slays Rakshasa woman, 380;
celestial weapons and spirits of, 381;
scatters demons, 381;
breaks Shiva's bow, 382;
wins Sita, 383; honeymoon of, 383, 384;
selected as heir apparent, 384;
hunchback's plot and Kaikeyi's commands, 385, 386;
sent into exile, 389-93;
Sita refuses to desert, 391-2;
dying father calls for, 396;
Bharata faithful to, 397;
refuses to return until exile is ended, 398;
reproaches Javali, 399;
wanderings of with Sita and Laksmana, 400;
wooed by Surpa-nakha, 400, 401;
battle with Rakshasas, 402;
demon as a golden deer, 403;
rape of Sita by demon king of Ceylon, 404, 405, 406, 407;
search for Sita, 408;
vulture king's revelation, 409;
conflict with demon, 410;
apes become allies of, 410, 411;
lamentations for Sita, 411, 412;
Hanuman discovers Sita in captivity, 413-6;
King of Ocean's advice, 417;
“Rama's bridge” constructed, 418;
invasion of Ceylon, 419;
battles with Rakshasas, 420-3;
Ravana slain, 423;
Sita's ordeal by fire, 424, 425;
return to kingdom and coronation, 425;
Sita's second exile, 426;
meets his sons, 426;
Sita vanishes with earth goddess, 427;
ascends to heaven, 428.

“Rama's bridge”, green apes construct, 418.

“Rama with the axe” (Parasu-rama), an incarnation of Vishnu, 136.

_Ramayana_ (räm-ay´ăn-ă or rä-my´ăn-ă), the, Aryan tribes in, xxxix;
traditions of “easterners” in, xlvi;
heroes and heroines of, xlvii;
demon's grief in, xlviii;
Ravana the Typhon of, 65;
Rakshasas are great demons in, 66;
purpose of horse sacrifices in, 92;
early myths in, 124;
hero of, an avatara of Vishnu, 125;
history of Brahmanism enshrined in, 138;
its religious significance, 139;
the “churning of the ocean” in, 142;
story of, 374 _et seq._

“Ram feast” of Devon, xlii;
Indian and other parallels, xlii, xliii.

Räm´mon, 3;
Shiva compared with, 146.

Rän, Teutonic sea goddess and Agni's mothers, 21.

Rat, the, Ganesa as, 151.

Rä´trï, goddess of night, 34;
hymn to, 35, 148.

Ravana (rä´váná), a demon, 125;
demon king of Ceylon, power of derived from Brahma, 377;
plot to abduct Sita, 403;
disguised as Brahman, 405;
carries Sita away, 406, 407;
Rama hears of, 409, 410;
apes tell of, 411;
in peril if he injures Sita, 412;
Bibhishana deserts, 417;
the Rama war, 418 _et seq._;
lamentation of for son's death, 421;
seeks to slay Sita, 421, 422;
sister curses and Rama slays, 423.

Razors, used in Vedic period, 77.

Red Age, the Treta Yuga, 108, 109;
in Greek mythology, 109, 110;
in Celtic mythology, 110 _et seq._

Red demons, 71.

Red hair, dislike of, 208.

Religion and caste, 79;
distinction between mythology and, 135.

Rhode, Erwin, 118 _n._

Rib´hus, divine artisans, in Vedic creation myth, 10;
like Khnumu of Egypt and elves of Europe, 11, 12;
rivalry with Twashtri, 11, 12.

Ridgeway, Professor, on cremation custom, xxxv.

“Riding the marches”, an ancient ceremony, xliii.

_Rigv_e_´da_, belief regarding soul in the, xliii;
cosmology of, 10;
Soma book of, 35;
gods Asuras in, then Suras, 61;
forest nymph of, 74;
horse sacrifice in, 91;
meaning of Yuga in, 104;
only Veda in Krita Yuga (First and Perfect Age), 108;
germs of transmigration theory, 116;
Vishnu in, 122.

Rim´mon, Naaman's worship of, 3.

Ripley, W. Z., xxii;
on language and race, xxiii;
views on Mediterranean race, xxvii;
view on cremation custom, xxxv;
Kurds as descendants of Aryan raiders, xxxviii, xxxix.

Rishis, gods derive powers from, 7;
Indra's hammer made from bones of, 7, 8;
Danavas conspire to destroy, 9;
associated with gods, 14;
poets and priests, 33;
story of the childless, who is not admitted to heaven, 59;
ascends to sun in Tapati love story, 74;
as swans, 75;
composers of “new songs”, 79, 80.

Rishis, the celestial, mind-born sons of Brahma, 102;
Manu as one of, 140;
in story of the Deluge, 141 _et seq._;
the various royal and celestial, 153 _n._, 154, 155.
See _Deva-rishi_.

Risley, views on India's races, xxv _et seq._;
his Scythian theory, xxvii;
on infanticide, 60.

Ritualism of sacrifice, 80, 81 _et seq._;
growth of in Samavedic hymns, 83.

Ritupăr´nă, Rajah of Ayodhya, Nala takes service with, 342;
Nala drives to sham swayamvara of Damayanti, 360 _et seq._;
gives Nala secret of dice, 362.

River, the boiling, in Hades, 326.

River goddesses, 148.

Rivers, worship of, xl;
Shiva the source of five, 146.

Rivers of India, all female except two, 152.

Roads constructed in Vedic period, 78.

Röer, Dr. E., 100 _n._

Roman age in Britain, xxxviii.

Romans as Aryans, xxiv;
horse sacrifice of, 92, 93.

Rüd´ră, storm god, as “wild huntsman” and Shiva, 26;
appealed to against Varuna, 28;
Shiva a development of, 123, 148;
the goddess Amvika and, 150;
as Mahadeva, 146;
Shiva called, 147.

Rudras, the, Maruts as, 26.

Rük´mini, Krishna's capture of, 233;
an incarnation of Lakshmi, 234 _n._

Rürü, story of life sacrifice of, 43, 44.

Rydberg, on Aryan origins, xxi.

Sacrifice, Buriats offer horse to dead, xxxiv;
of lambs in England, India, &c., xlii;
cake offerings and first fruits, 14;
the priests' fee for, 15;
of life for a woman, 43, 44;
ritualism of, 80;
the human (purusha-medha) and the horse (aswa-medha), 88 _et seq._;
the human in recent times, 89;
creation the result of, 89;
the horse among Mongolian Buriats, 91;
epic ceremonies, 92 _et seq._;
trees and, 93;
chaos horse myth, 94 _et seq._;
symbolism of human sacrifice, 95, 96;
Isaiah and Buddha oppose, 132;
Sati (Suttee) offers herself on pyre, 150;
the imperial (Rajasúya) held by Yudhishthira, 228 _et seq._

Sages, long-lived, in Indian and Irish legend, 112 _et seq._

Săhădevă, son of Queen Madri and twin Aswins, 176;
temporary death of, 263 _et seq._;
journey of towards paradise, 324 _et seq._

Sais, 139.

Säkas, the, allies of the Kauravas, 287;
identified with Scythians, 287 _n._

Saliva, as moisture of life, 37.

Salvation, release is, 82;
by knowledge, doctrine of in _Bhagavad-gita_, 126 _et seq._

Salya (säl´yă), Rajah of Madra, overcome by Bhima at Draupadi's
swayamvara, 218, 219;
in the great war, 289 _et seq._;
as leader of Kauravas and fall of, 305.

Salzburg, Austria, ancient cremation rites at, xxxvi.

Săm´ănă, “the leveller”, Yama is, 42.

_Säm´av_e_dă_, Soma hymns of, 83.

Săm´ăvurti, “the impartial judge”, Yama is, 42.

Săm´pati, brother of vulture king, 413, 414.

Săm´üdră, the sea, origin of name, 83, 84.

Sămvăr´nä, King, story of his love for sun maiden, 71 _et seq._

Sănjäy´ä, as ambassador to the Pandavas, 274, 275;
relates incidents of great war to Dhritarastra, 287.

Sanskrit, xix;
Lithuanian language and, xx;
compared with Persian language, 62;
alphabet has Semitic basis, 78;
influence of Brahmanic scholarship upon, 82.

Sanskrit poets, heroes and heroines of, xlvii;
feeling of for nature, xlvii.

Săn´vă, Rajah of, rejects Princess Amba after capture of by Bhishma,
170, 171.

Saranyu (sărăn´yoo), mother of Ribhus, 11;
bride of the sun god and divine artisan, 149.

Saraswati (sărăs´'wătee), a river goddess, xl;
her rival Gayatri, 44 _n._;
probably same as Bharati, 148;
becomes wife of Brahma, 149;
as “mother of the Vedas” and female form of Purusha, 149.

Sästï, feline goddess of maternity, 152, 153.

Satanava (sătän´ăvă), name of Bhishma, 166.

_Satapathă Brahmana_ (sătăpät´ha), 15, 84;
transmigration doctrine in, 116.

Sătï (suttee), in Europe, xxxvii;
the goddess, ideal wife, 150, 151, 312.

Satrughna (săt-rüg´hnă), brother of Rama, 378;
desires to slay hunchback, 397.

Saturn, Indra like, 13;
the planet of in Ganesa myth, 151.

Satyaki (săt´yăkee), at meeting of Pandava allies, 270 _et seq._;
death of, 322, 323.

Satyavan (sat´yă-vän), “the truthful”, in Savitri story, 45 _et seq._

Satyavati (săt´yă-vätee), the fisherman's daughter, story of King
Shantanu's wooing of, 166 _et seq._;
the mother of Vyasa, 167.

Savitri (săvit´ri), assists Indra as world artisan, 10;
the “stimulator”, as a sun god, 32;
mantra still addressed to, 33.

Savitri (shävit´ree), the heroine, xlvii;
a perfect woman, xlviii;
Sita, a perfect woman, xlviii;
story of, 44 _et seq._

Scandinavians, “prehistoric romance” regarding, xxiii;
as Aryans, xxiv;
late period of culture, xlv.

Scandinavian thunder giant, 2.

Scef, Agni as, 21.

Scholars, the hermits as, 81, 82.

Scotland, erring wives burned in, xxxvii;
Highlanders of cattle lifters like Gauls and Aryo-Indians, 15;
black and white fairies of, 70;
giant theory does not apply to, 71;
spirits as birds in, 75;
Aryo-Indians had clans like Highlanders of, 77;
the “upwardly man” in, 79;
metrical charms of, 85, 86 _n._, 87;
hatred of pork in, 136;
hags of and the Indian, 380 _n._

Scott, Sir Walter, on the “speech of spirits”, 75.

Scottish goddess, compared with Egyptian and Indian deities, xli.

Scottish “thunder ball”, the, 2;
Finn as a thunder giant, 3.

Scyld, Agni as, 21, 22.

Scythians, Indian traces of, xxvii;
horse sacrificed by the, 93;
Sakas as, 287 _n._

Sea, the, unknown to early Aryo-Indians, 76;
origin of name for, 83, 84;
trade in Age of Solomon, 84;
in horse-sacrifice creation myth, 94;
in Manu story, 140 _et seq._;
Surasa hag of the, 414;
Sinhika dragon of, 414;
king of the, 417, 418.

Sea of Milk, Vishnu in, 123;
the churning of, 143 _et seq._;
Indra visits Vishnu in, 377.

Seed, the creation, becomes a golden egg, 101.

Seers, priests as, 80.

Sek´het, Egyptian goddess, compared with Indian and Scottish deities,
xli;
Käli like, 150.

Self, the universal, 98.
See _World Soul_.

Sergi on Mediterranean race, xxviii.

Serpent, the World, Vishnu's sleep on and birth of Brahma, 124.

Serpent demons or demigods, 65.

Serpent goddess, 152.

Serpent king, in Indian and Egyptian myth, 353 _n._

Serpent worship, Aryans adopt, 66.

Serpents, in the Garuda myth, 145;
associated with Shiva, 147.

Set, xliv;
boar demon of Egypt, 136;
red like Indian Rakshasas, 208 _n._

Shakuni (shă-koo´nee), plots to overthrow Pandavas, 199;
plots against Pandavas, 269;
prince of Gandhara, plots to overthrow Pandavas, 237;
plays dice with and cheats Yudhishthira, 240 _et seq._;
in great war, 287;
death of, 305.

Shakuntala (shă-koon´tă-läh), reference to reincarnation in story of,
13;
the hermit maiden, story of in the _Mahábhárata_, 157 _et seq._;
in Kalidasa's drama, 163 _n._, 164 _n._

Shä´mash, Babylonian sun god, Mitra as, 29.

Shän´tănu, King, 164;
wooing of Ganga, 164 _et seq._;
wooing of the fishermaid, 166 _et seq._;
king, wooing of the fisherman's daughter, Satyavati, 167 _et seq._

Sheep, early Aryans had, 76;
charms to protect, 86.

Shepherd, the divine, Mitra as, 41.

She´shă, king of serpents (Nagas), 65, 66;
as world serpent, Vishnu's sleep on, 124;
Balarama an incarnation of, 128, 143.

Shitala (she´tălă), goddess of smallpox, 153.

Shiva, in Brahmanical revival age, xl;
restrains avenging goddess like Ra of Egypt, xli;
identified with Rudra, 26;
the Destroyer in the trinity, 119;
the cult of, 122;
evidence of Greek ambassador Megasthenes regarding, 122;
Vedic prototype, 123;
cult of, 124;
worshipper of plots to slay Krishna, 128;
as Brahmā, 134;
in epic narratives, 139;
how he became the “blue throated”, 144;
as a mountain god, 146;
as “lord of all creatures”, 146;
compared with the Irish Balor, 146;
in form of Vishnu, 147;
weapons of, 147;
as destroyer of disease, 148;
the brides of, 149 _et seq._;
stops goddess slaughtering enemies, 150;
trident of made by goddess, 149;
in myth regarding origin of goddesses, 151;
destroys the love god, 151;
Ganesa and Kartikeya, sons of, 151, 152;
in Draupadi story, 222;
Sishupala, Rajah of Chedi, slain by Krishna, an incarnation of, 234;
Arjuna wrestles with for weapons, 255, 256;
Aswatthaman and on “night of slaughter”, 308;
at Dasaratha's horse sacrifice, 376, 377;
bow of, Rama breaks the, 382, 383.

Siberia, burial customs in, xxxiv;
horse sacrifice in, 90.

Sid´dhăs, spirits of ancestors, at horse sacrifice, 376.

Siegfried (seeg´freed), the Indian, 66, 67;
bird spirits and, 75.

Sikhandin (sikhăn´din), Drupada's daughter who became a man, 295;
incarnation of Princess Amba, 295 _n._;
fall of Bhishma, 295.

Sikhs (sheeks), number of in India, xviii.

Silver age (white age) in Indian, Greek, and Celtic mythologies, 107
_et seq._

Sin, creation horse-sacrifice removes, 94, 95.

Sin-cleansing smoke, at horse sacrifice, 318.

Sin´dre, Twashtri and, 11.

Sin´hika, sea dragon, 414.

Sishupala (sish-oo-päh´lă), Rajah of Chedi, at Yudhishthira's imperial
sacrifice, 232;
slain by Krishna, 233, 234;
as an incarnation of Shiva, 234 _n._

Sita (see´tä), the heroine, xlvii;
as an incarnation of Vishnu's wife, 149;
story of Rama and, 374 _et seq._;
Rama wins by breaking Shiva's bow, 382;
marriage and honeymoon, 383, 384;
refuses to part with exiled husband, 387;
departure of to jungle, 393;
wanderings of with Rama and Lakshmana, 400 _et seq._;
the golden deer, 403;
rape of by demon king, 404-7;
Rama's lamentations for, 411, 412;
rejects Ravana, 412, 413;
visited by Hanuman, 415, 416;
return of to Rama and ordeal of fire, 424, 425;
second exile of, 426;
vanishes with earth goddess, 427;
as Lakshmi in paradise, 428.

Skull shapes, permanence of, xxii.

Sky axe, lightning caused by, 2.

Sky god, Dyaus-pita as, 12.
See _Dyaus_ and _Vivasvant_.

Slavs, as Aryans, xxiv.

Sleep of Brahma, 105.

Sleeping giant, Kumbha-Karna the, 419;
slain by Rama, 420.

Sloka metre, invented by Valmiki, 374.

Smallpox, Shitala, goddess of, 153.

Smith, Professor Elliot, his “brown race”, xxviii.

Smiths, in Vedic period, 77.

Smoke, sins cleansed by, 93, 318.

Snake goddess, the, 152.

Snakes, in the Garuda myth, 145.

Social grades. See _Caste_.

“Solar race”, eastern Indians as, xxxix;
Dasaratha of the _Rámáyana_ is of the, 375.

Solomon, sea trade of with India, 84.

Soma (sō´mă), nectar of gods, 5;
cause of Indra's victory, 7;
Twashtri's moon bowl for, 12;
Indra's fondness for, 15;
juice of unknown plant, 35;
influence of, 35, 36;
identified with Chandra, the moon god, 35, 36;
as moon mead, 36;
frog hymn to as rain charm, 36, 37;
marriage of, 37;
the drink of immortality, 41;
prepared by Gandharva, 69;
drunk by early Aryo-Indians, 77;
Sudras did not drink, 79;
Samavedic hymns to, 83;
gods receive from priests, 84;
_Tarasun_, the Mongolian, 90, 91;
in horse sacrifice, 92;
as the moon god and ancestor of the Bharatas, 157 _et seq._

Son, religious need for a, 59, 60.

_Song, the Divine_, 125.
See _Bhagavad-gita_.

Soul, as “the man in the eye”, 42;
of childless man in hell, 59;
escape from body of, 85;
salvation of through knowledge, 99, 100 (also see _Bhagavad-gita_);
mind as, 101.

Soul in the egg, myth of, 101, 102.

Soul, the World. See _World Soul_.

Souls, children's' wait for mothers, xliii;
bound by Yama, god of death, 42;
as birds, 75;
reborn as tigers, fish, &c., 117;
transmigration of, see _Transmigration of souls_.

Spaniards, Brahmans resemble, xxviii.

Spartans, horse sacrifice of, 93.

“Speech of spirits”, the “language of birds”, 75.

Spells, for disease, 85, 87;
for love, 86.

Spirit, the, the life breath as, 37.

Spirits of the dead, beliefs regarding, 38;
of day and night, 70;
birds as in Europe, Africa, and Asia, 75;
magical formulas to control, 85, 86, 87.

Spirits of weapons, Arjuna beholds, 256;
do homage to Rama, 381;
Gaelic weapon demons, 381 _n._

Spitting customs, significance of, 37.

“Spitting Stones”, 37.

Sri (sree), Lakshmi, wife of Vishnu is, 149;
Sita as, 427.

Standing stones, ceremonies at for offspring, xliii, xliv.

Stars, myth of Saturn and Ganesa, 151;
rishis as “Great Bear” and wives of as Pleiades, 153;
Abhimanyu as one of the, 327.

Stars, the Polar, Kas´yapa, the Brahman as, 145.

Steeds of Indra, 4;
names of, 5.

Stevenson, Robert Louis, xlviii.

Stone Age, the late, Europe in, xxii;
people of Britain of, xlii;
“hammer god” of, 2.

Stones, standing, Shiva worshipped at, 147.

Subhadra (soo-bhăd´rä), sister of Krishna and Balarama, worship of,
137;
Arjuna's marriage by capture with, 227;
Draupadi receives, 228.

Sudäs, a Vedic king, 154;
Vishwamitra's and Vasishtha's connection with, 154;
Purus and other tribes oppose, 155.

Sudeva (soo-day´vü), the Brahman, discovers Damayanti, 356, 357, 358;
visits Nala, 359, 360.

Sudhanvan (sud-hăn´văn), Indra as, 10.

Sudras (sud´răs), the black, xxv.
See _Caste_.

Sugriva (sug´rivă), the ape king, son of Surya, 410;
Rama slays his rival Bali, 411;
revelries of, 413;
silver hue of, 418;
in Ceylon war, 419 _et seq._

Sumit´rä, wife of Dasaratha, 376;
Lakshmana and Satrughna sons of, 378.

Sun, “has nature of Agni”, 36;
the “man” in the, and death as, 42;
Rahu, the devourer of, 64, 144;
horse sacrifice to, 92 _et seq._;
the bride of the, 149.

Sun, god of, Sumero-Babylonian name of Mitra, 29;
as offspring of the moon, 29;
Narayana as, 114;
Vishnu as a phase of, 122, 123.

Sun egg, in Indian and Egyptian mythologies, 101.

Sun maiden, marriage of with moon god, 37;
Tapati the, loved by a king, 71 _et seq._

Sunset, Kushna fiery demon of, 66.

Sura (soorä), an early Aryo-Indian ale or mead, 77.

Surăs, the Indian gods called, 61.

Suräsă, sea hag, 414.

Surpä´-năkhä, the rape of Sita, 403 _et seq._;
curses Ravana, 423.

Surya (soor´yă), sun god, Savitri and, 10;
in rival group of deities, 32;
Aryan steeds of, 32;
as eye of Varuna-Mitra, 32;
daughter of loved by a king, 71 _et seq._;
Saranyu the bride of, 149;
as grandsire of Queen Madri's sons, 176;
shines on Karna at the tournament, 191;
gifts food pot to Pandavas, 249;
his warning to Karna, 262;
Sugriva, ape king, son of, 411.

Suttee (sătï) in Europe, xxxvii.
See _Sati_.

Swan maidens, 75.

Swans, Irish gods and Indian rishis as, 75, 153;
the gold winged, in story of Nala, 329, 330.

Swăr´gă, 4;
Kauravas and Pandavas in, 327.
See _Heaven of Indra_.

Swăyăm´vără, Bhishma captures King of Kasi's daughters at, 169, 160;
Draupadi's, 211, 212.

Swine, religious treatment of in India, Egypt, and Europe, 136;
Rakshasas ride in battle, 419.

Tapati (tä´păti), sun maiden, story of king's love for, 71 _et seq._

Taraka (tä´răkä), the hag, slain by Rama, 380.

Tarku, Hittite “hammer god”, 3;
Shiva compared with, 146.

Teachers, Brahmans as, 82.

Tears, the creative, Prajapati sheds, 100, 101.

Tel-el-Amarna letters, Aryans and, xxx.

Terra mater, the Indian, 13.

Teutonic and Celtic treatment of boar, 136.

Teutonic beliefs regarding soul and world's ages, xliv.

Teutonic modes of thought, xliv _n._;
compared with those of Vedic period, xlv.

Teutonic mythology, doctrine of transmigration absent from, 103.

Teutonic wonder smith, like Indian, 11, 12.

Teutons, Aryan affinities of, xx;
traditions of migrations of, xlv.

Thor, Indra and, xxxi, 3;
elfin artisans and, 11;
like Indra, son of Earth Mother, 13;
the “friend of man”, 15, 16;
a slayer of giants like Indra, 64;
Arjuna compared with, 257 _n._

Thorns of Hades, 326.

Thothmes III (thoth´mes), Egyptian king, Mitanni Aryans and, xxx.

Thunder- “ball”, “bolt”, and “stone”, 2.

Thunder gods. See _Hammer Gods_, also _Balor_, _Finn mac Coul_,
_Hrungner_, _Indra_, _Jupiter_, _Pa'n Ku_, _Ptah_, _Rammon_,
_Rimmon_, _Shiva_, _Tarku_, _Thor_, _Zeus_.

Thunder horn, Arjuna receives from Indra, 258;
Finn mac Coul has, 258 _n._

Tiamat. See _Tiawath_.

Tiawath of Babylonian myth, 9, 90.

Tiger, Damayanti's appeal to the, 347.

Tigers, demons with heads of, 71;
Bharata as tamer of, 161.

Titans, the Indian, 64.
See _Danavas_.

Tortoise incarnation of Vishnu, 143.

Torture, in Hades, 326.

Tournament, the, 185 _et seq._

“Towers of Silence”, Parsees expose dead on, xxxiii.

Trade, in Vedic period, 78;
Solomon and Indian products, 84.

Traders, caste of, 79.
See _Caste_.

Transmigration of souls, “germs of theory”, xliii, 116;
racial aspect of doctrine, xliv, 116;
in Egyptian, Celtic, and Greek religions, 103, 118;
the Irish Tuan Mac Carell legend, 111 _et seq._;
a Post-Vedic doctrine in India, 103;
becomes orthodox, 115;
present-day beliefs, 117, 118;
in Buddhism, 130 _et seq._;
Yudhishthira on, 254.

Treasure, god of (see _Kuvera_);
Yakshas guard the hidden, 68.

Tree, of Paradise, 41;
of Brahma, 102;
of religion, of passion, 156.

Trees, the “blood of”, 37;
horses tied to at sacrifices, 93.

Trétä Yuga, length of, 104;
the Yellow Age, 108, 109;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._;
Vishnu slays Bali in, 123.

Tribes. See _Bharatas_, _Gandari_, _Kasis_, _Kosalas_, _Kurus_,
_Panchalas_, _Purus_, _Videhas_, &c.

Tri´gärtis, Rajah of, attack on Virata, 267;
Pandavas defeat, 268.

Trinity, Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, 119, 124.

Trinity of goddesses, Saraswati (white), Lakshmi (red), Par´vati
(black), 150, 151.

Tritsus (tree´tsus), as an Aryan tribe, 154;
identified with the Vasishthas, 154, 155;
priestly aristocracy of, 155.

Trumpet of thunder god, 70.

Turkestan, fair type in, xxix.

Turki, a blend of Alpine and Northern stocks, xxix.

Turkish language, xix.

Twashtri (twăsh´tre), the divine artisan, shapes Indra's
“thunderstone”, 4;
in hymn of victory, 6;
makes Indra's hammer from Rishi's bones, 8;
father of Saranyu and grandsire of Ribhus, 11;
gives origin to human life, 11;
Ribhus as rivals of, 11, 12;
Agni an incarnation of, 20;
as father of the sun god, 32;
as maker of heavens, 57-9.

Twin, Yama signifies, 40.

Twin deities. See _Mitra_ and _Varuna_, _Yama_ and _Yami_, _Yima_ and
_Yimeh_, _Indra_ and _Agni_, _Nasatya_, _the Aswins_, _Dioskouri_,
_Castor_ and _Pollux_.

Tȳphōn, the Indian, 65.

Typhoon, the, Hanuman the ape god as, 106.

Ugrians, a blend of Alpine and Northern stocks, xxix.

Ulúpí, the serpent nymph, Arjuna loved by and birth of Iravat, 226;
son of in great war, 286 _et seq._;
fall of, 293;
Arjuna restored to life, 314, 315.

Umä, goddess of wisdom, bride of Shiva, 150.

Universal destruction, at end of “day” of Brahma, 113.

Universal self, Brahmă the, 98.
See _World Soul_.

Universities, the ancient, forest hermitages were, 82.

_Upănishăds_, xl;
transmigration belief in, xliii, 117;
evidence regarding Asura problem in, 62, 63 _et seq._, 88;
horse sacrifice doctrines in, 93 _et seq._;
the fruit-tree lesson of, 99;
fundamental thought of doctrine of, 100;
influence of, 102, 103;
Hinduism based on, 120;
Vedic gods and, 121;
bold Pantheism of, 122;
Jainism and, 133;
present-day Hindu esteem of, 139;
composed in the “middle country”, 155.

Uranus, slain like Dyaus, 13.

Urvasa (ur´väsă), the Apsara, woos and curses Arjuna, 256.

Ushäs, goddess of dawn, 34, 148;
Saranyu developed from, 149.

Uttar (oot´ăr), son of Rajah of Virata, 268.

Uttărä, Princess of Virata, married to Abhimanyu, 269.

Ütü, Sumerian sun god, Mitra as, 29.

Väch, the “mother of the Vedas”, Saraswati as, 149.

Vadhar, the weather, Vritra as, 8 _n._

Váhuka (vä´hukă), the charioteer, Nala as, 355 _et seq._

Vaishnava (vaish´năvă) faith. See _Vishnu_.

Vaisya caste, 79.
See _Caste_.

Vaisyas (vais´yăs), the yellow, xxv.

Vaka (vä´kă), the Asura king, slain by Bhima, 207 _et seq._

Vala (vä´lă), the demon, cloud cows in cave of, 68.

Valhal, xliv;
Indra's heaven like, 59;
pork eaten in, 136.

Valmiki (väl´meek-e), the poet, how sloka metre was invented by, 374;
composes _Rámáyana_, 375;
Sita takes refuge with, 426.

Vamadeva (vä´mă-day-vă), family priest, 375.

Vamana (väm´ănă), dwarf form of Vishnu, 123.

Vanars (vä´nărs) (apes), Rama secures as allies, 410 _et seq._
See _Apes_.

Varáha (văr-ä´hă), boar incarnation of Vishnu, 135.

Varanavartha (văr´ăn-ă-vărt´´hă), Pandavas exiled to, 199 _et seq._

Vărnă. See _Caste_.

Vartikas (vär´tikăs), “of one wing, one eye, one leg”, 68;
the rational theory, 71.

Vărună, in Vedic Age, xxxi;
in Asia Minor, xxxii;
his Hebraic grandeur, 26;
the Omniscient One, worshipped with devotion, 27;
Mitra and, 28;
dethroned by Indra, 28;
protector of hearth and home, 29;
in early group of deities, 30;
in “sea of heaven”, and as god of ocean, 31;
a god of Mitanni, 32;
Surya as “the eye” of, 33;
“house of clay” (the grave) in hymn to, 38;
in “Land of the Fathers” (Paradise), 41;
Babylonian aspect of, 41;
the heaven of, 58;
Adityas his attendants, 58 _n._;
worshipped by demons and giants, 59;
as an Asura, 61;
early title “wise Azura and King”, 62;
god of the overlords of Assyria, 62;
giants and demons controlled by, 65;
Vishnu and, 123;
as suitor of Damayanti, 332 _et seq._

Văsish´thă, as rival of Vishwamitra, 154 _et seq._;
Vasus cursed by, 164;
in the _Rámáyana_, 375, 378.

Vasishthas, a family of priests, 154;
identical with the Tritsus, 154, 155;
priestly aristocracy of, 155.

Vasudeva (vä´sood_e_vă), father of Krishna, 128;
brother of Queen Pritha, 173;
at Pandava imperial sacrifice, 232 _et seq._, 323.

Vasuka. See _Vasuki_.

Vasuki (vä´suke), Naga serpent demigod, 65;
as the “churning rope”, 143;
King of Nagas, welcomes Bhima in underworld, 178;
gives Bhima the draught of strength, 179;
jewel of restores Arjuna to life, 314, 315.

Vasus (vä´sus), attendants of Indra, 17;
as children of Ganga and King Shantanu, 164 _et seq._;
Bhishma among in Paradise, 327.

Vä´ta. See _Vayu_.

Vate (va´te), the Teutonic, compared with Vata (Vayu), 24.

Vä´yu, wind god, compared with Odin, 24;
hymns to, 25;
in rival group of deities, 32;
Bhima, son of, 105, 176;
Hanuman, ape god son of, 106, 411;
sends Garuda to help Rama, 419.

Vedas (vay´dăs), geographical evidence of, xx;
Indra hymns, 6, 7;
creation myth in, 10;
goddesses vague in, 13;
gods of in Buddhistic Age, 120;
still regarded sacred, 139;
father Manu in, 140;
the “mother” of the, 149;
Vyasa as arrayer of, 154.

Veddas of Ceylon, xxvi.

Vedic Age, the, length of, xxx;
the “Great Mother” in, xxxi;
burial customs of, xxxii;
eclipse of gods of, xl;
Teutonic modes of thought in, xlv;
the change in post Vedic times, xlv;
glimpses of life of in epics, xlvi;
gods are Asuras in early and Suras in late, 61;
folk movements in, 76;
dice and drinking in, 77;
trade and culture in, 78;
doctrines of transmigration and world's ages unknown in, 104;
one of four ages, 119;
goddesses vague in, 148.

Vedic Aryans, “father right” recognized by, xxx.

Vedic hymns, 15, 16;
majority of addressed to Indra and Agni, 19;
_Brahmanas_ and _Upanishads_ and, 62, 63 _et seq._;
materialism of, 82.

Videha (ve´day-hă), Eastern Aryan kingdom, xxxix.

Vidura (ve-dür´ă), son of Kyasa, 172;
assists Drona to prepare for tournament, 183, 184;
at the tournament with blind king, 185 _et seq._;
ambassador to Pandavas after marriage, 223, 224;
at the gambling match, 240 _et seq._;
attitude of during negotiations, 276;
retires to forest, 319.

Villages, life in during Vedic Age, 78.

Vind´hyä mountain, ape god assumes proportions of, 109.

Viräj, female form of Purusha, Saraswati as, 149.

Virata (vir-ăt´ä), Pandavas' sojourn in, 266 _et seq._;
Pandava allies meet at, 270, 273;
warlike preparations, 273;
rajah of slain by Drona, 301.

Virchow, view on Aryan problem, xxiii.

Vishnu (vish´noo), in Brahmanical revival age, xl;
Vedic god of grace, assists Indra, world artisan, 10;
the Preserver in the Trinity, 119;
the cult of, 122;
evidence of Greek ambassador, Megasthenes, regarding, 122;
a god of grace in Rigveda, 122, 123;
Brahma springs from in lotus bloom, 124;
sleep of on World Serpent, 124;
Avataras of, 125;
the Buddha Avatara of, 129;
_Puranas_ and cult of, 134;
as Brahmä, 134;
demons secure salvation through, 135;
his lion incarnation, 135;
his boar incarnation, 135, 136;
Parasu-rama (Rama with the axe) incarnation of, 136;
belief in the coming of on white horse (Kalki), 137;
_Bhagavad-gita_ and cult of, 139;
in epic narratives, 139;
Manu and, 140;
in “churning of the ocean” myth, 143 _et seq._;
white steed of, gem of, and wife of rise from Sea of Milk, 144;
Garuda the vehicle of, 146;
in form of Shiva, 147;
discus of made by goddess, 149;
in Ganesa myth, 151;
in myth regarding origin of goddesses, 151;
father of the love god, 151;
Ganges flows from toe of, 152;
wife of as daughter of Daksha, the rishi, 154;
incarnation of slays incarnation of Shiva, 234 _n._;
at Dasaratha's horse sacrifice, 376, 377;
Indra's appeal to, 377;
Dasaratha's sons as incarnations of, 377;
Rama as, 427.
See _Krishna_ and _Rama_.

Vishwakarman (vish´wă-kăr´´män), the divine artisan, Twashtri is, 58.

Vishwamitra (vish´wä-meet´´ră), as rival of Vasishtha, 154;
raised from Kshatriya to Brahman caste, 154;
as father of Shakuntala, 159;
Indra's dread of and temptation of, 159, 160;
takes away Rama and Lakshmana to destroy demons, 379, 380, 381;
breaking of Shiva's bow, 382, 383.

Vital spark, cause of life and bodily heat, 37;
Agni symbolizes, 19.

Vivahvant, the Persian, 40.

Vivăsvănt, the sky god, 40.

Vivăsvăt, as a sun god, 32.
See _Vivasvant_.

Volund, 24.

Vows, by spitting and before fires, 37.

Vritra (vrit´rä), the drought demon, slain by Indra, 6, 7;
as leader of Danavas, 7;
reference to myth of in _Brahman_ as, 63;
“the encompasser”, 66;
captures cloud cows, 4 _et seq._, 67;
rational explanation of, 71.

Vulcan, the Hindu, Twashtri as, 11.

Vultures, as protectors of the fairy babe, Shakuntala, 159, 160;
king of, see _Jatayus_.

Vyasa (vyäs´ă), reputed Vedic compiler and author of _Mahábhárata_,
154;
identified with the legendary Vasishtha, 154;
son of Parashara and Satyavati, 167;
father of Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and Vidura, 171, 172;
meets Pandavas during first exile, 206;
reveals why Draupadi must be joint wife of Pandavas, 222;
advises Arjuna to visit Shiva, 255;
gifts divine vision to Sanjaya, 287;
advises horse sacrifice as atonement after war, 312;
at horse sacrifice, 316;
causes dead to return, 320, 321.

Wales, hatred of pork in, 136.

Wallis, _Cosmology of Rigveda_, 10 _n._, 11 _n._

War of gods and giants, 70.
See _Giants_ and _Asuras_.

Warriors, possessed by spirits, 85;
caste of, 79.
See _Caste_.

War-shell, Arjuna's a thunder horn, 258.

Water of life, soma the, 36;
moon as source of, 37;
creative tears as, 100, 101.

Water spirits, givers of boons, 148.

Waters, the primordial, in creation myths, 100, 101 _et seq._;
universe returns to, 105, 141, 142;
“home” of the creator, 114;
in the boar myth, 136.

“Watling Street”, 24.

Wealth and culture, 82.

Weapons, the early Vedic, 77.

Weather, Indian demon of, 8 _n._

Weeping of the creator, 100.

Well worship, 37.

Wells, the sources of luck, 148.

“Westerners”, Indian tribes called, xxxix.

White Age, the Krita Yuga, 108;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._

Widows, drown themselves after return of dead warriors, 321;
burning of, see _Suttee_.

Wiedemann, Professor, 11 _n._

Wieland (we´land), 24.

Wife, the ideal, goddess Sati as, 150.

Wife hunters, 60.

Wife of Amon, 366.

“Wild Huntsman”, the Indian, 26.

Williams, Sir M. Monier, 40, 40 _n._, 41, 42, 42 _n._

Wilson, Vedic hymns, 13, 16, 105 _n._

Winckler, Professor Hugo, reading of Indra inscription, xxxi.

Wind, as “air of life”, 37.

Wind god, Bhima and Hanuman sons of, 106.
See _Vayu_.

Winter burial customs among Buriats, xxxiv.

Wisdom, goddess of, Uma as, 150.

Wives, burning of as punishment in Egypt and Scotland, xxxvii;
marriage by capture of, 60.

Wolves, Rakshasas ride in battle, 419.

Wonder smiths, Teutonic myth of and Indian, 11, 12.

_Works and Days_, Hesiod's doctrine of world's ages in, 109 _et seq._

World's ages, doctrine of the, post-Vedic conception of, 103;
Greek evidence regarding Indian doctrine, 122;
not in Teutonic mythology, 103;
Tuan Mac Carell Irish legend, 111 _et seq._;
the “day” and “night” of Brahma, 105;
the four Yugas, 104;
the “white”, “red”, “yellow”, and “black” in India, 108;
Hanuman's account of to Bhima, 107, 108, 109;
Markandeya's account of, 112 _et seq._;
Narayana's account of, 115;
Narayana at dawn of each Yuga, 124;
Manu's association with Brahma, 140.
See _Ages of the Universe_.

World giant. See _Purusha_ and _Ptah_.

World guardians, the four gods in Nala story, 332.

World horse, myth of, 94 _et seq._

World house of Vedic myth, 10.

World mother, Lakshmi as, 149.

World Serpent, Karoktáka as, 65;
Vishnu sleeps on, 124;
Balarama an incarnation of, 128;
issues from his mouth, 323.

World Soul, hermits and Yoga, 82;
pantheistic conception of, 88;
in Purusha myth, 95;
in Rigveda hymn, 97, 98;
the “subtile essence” is the Self, 99;
the soul's being, 99, 100;
Brahma, the divine incarnation of, 100;
colours of in various Yugas (ages), 108, 109;
Greek and Celtic conceptions, 110 _et seq._;
men's souls merged in, 118;
Vishnu and Shiva incarnations of, 122;
Buddha's teaching regarding, 130 _et seq._

World tree, in Indra creation myth, 102;
as Brahma's, 102.

Worlds, the three, 65.

Xerxes, Gandarians who fought with against the Greeks, 168 _n._

Yädăvăs, Krishna prince of, 215;
end of power of, 323.

_Yajurveda_ (yă-joor´vedă), exposure of female children in, 60;
the civilization of, 84;
the schools of thought in period of, 88;
Vishnu in, 123;
Mahadeva in, 146.

Yakshas (yăk´shăs), “the good people”, 68;
invisible sentinels, 106;
none in world's first age, 107;
changes sex with princess, 171;
Kuvera king of, 258;
Dharma as one of the unseen, 264, 265.

Yama (yă´mă), god of the dead, as the “first man”, xxxii;
in Nala story, 31;
burial customs, 38;
discoverer of “the path of the fathers”, 39, 40;
his sister Yami and Persian parallel, 40;
in “land of the fathers” (Paradise) with Varuna, 41;
Babylonian aspect of, 41;
as Judge, Lord, Finisher, Leveller, &c., 42;
as instrument of destiny, 42 _et seq._;
in story of Ruru, 43, 44;
in story of Savitri, 44;
concessions won from, 50 _et seq._;
the heaven of described, 57;
parents only admitted to heaven of, 59;
journey of to “land of fathers”, 116;
vision of in Dwaraka, 322;
as suitor of Damayanti, 332 _et seq._

Yămí, sister of Yama, 40;
Babylonian aspect of, 41;

Yăvănăs, the, allies of Kauravas, 287;
identified with Greeks, 287 _n._

Years, the Divine, length of, 104, 105.
See _World's ages_.

Yellow age, the Dwãpara Yuga, 108, 109;
in Greek mythology, 109, 110;
in Celtic mythology, 110 _et seq._

Yima, the Persian Yama, 40.

Yimeh, the Persian Yamí, 40.

Ymer, the Teutonic chaos giant, Purusha like, 90.

Yōgă, religious state called, 82.

Yorkshire, burial rites in, xxxvii.

Yudhishthira (yoo-dish´thi-ră), xlviii;
son of Queen Pritha and god Dharma, 176;
at the tournament, 185 _et seq._;
made “Little Rajah”, 197;
Duryodhana causes exile of, 198, 199;
the “house of lac”, 200;
escape of with brothers and mother, 201;
Arjuna offers Draupadi to, 220;
regrets Arjuna's exile, 225;
imperial sacrifice held by, 228 _et seq._;
Surya's gift to in exile, 249;
unfolds his faith to Draupadi, 252 _et seq._;
his sense of honour, 255;
Kuvera's advice to, 258;
generosity towards Duryodhana, 260;
refuses Duryodhana's invitation, 261;
Jayadratha attempts to carry off Draupadi, 262, 263;
rescues his brothers from temporary death, 263 _et seq._;
Dharma's questions, 264 _et seq._;
in Virata, 266 _et seq._;
at meeting of Pandavas allies at Virata, 270 _et seq._;
negotiations with Kauravas, 274 _et seq._;
in the great war, 285;
secures a Kaurava prince as ally, 287;
flight of from battlefield, 297;
smites Bhima, 307;
sorrows for slain children, 310;
the great jewel, 311;
proclaimed rajah at Hastinapur, 312;
horse sacrifice rites performed, 312 _et seq._;
beholds return of the dead, 320, 321;
divides his kingdom, 323;
departure of to Indra's heaven, 324;
tested and approved, 324-6.

Yugă, meaning of term changes, xliv;
meaning of in Rigveda, 104.

Yugas, the, colours of, 108, 109;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._;
Markandeya lives through the various, 112 _et seq._;
Manu's association with Brahma, 140.
See _World's ages_.

Yüyüt´sü, Kaurava prince, joins the Pandava army, 287;
made rajah, 323.

Zend an Aryan language, xix.

Zeus pater, 3;
Dyaus-pita in India, 12;
parent of twin deities, 32;
serpent enemy of, 65;
in world's ages doctrine, 110.

Zoroastrian chief god. See _Ahura-Mazda_.

_Printed and bound in Great Britain_

* * * * *

Transcriber's note:

What appeared to be clear typographical errors were corrected; any other mistakes or inconsistencies were retained.

Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

Right aligned text was indented by 8 spaces

When an image was placed in the middle of a paragraph, part of the paragraph was moved to keep the whole paragraph united.

Attributions to quotations that were on the same line as the quotation itself were moved to a separate line.

On many of the transcriptions used in this book, an acute accent is used when an apostrophe would be expected by most readers. This usage was retained.

Many words are spelled inconsistently, especially Indian and other non-English words. These were retained as published as it is impossible to know which is the spelling originally intended (e.g.: Gar´uda/Garuda/Garúda; Damayantí/Damayanti; Narada/Nárada; Váhuká/Váhuka/Vahuka; Ayodhyá/Ayodhya; Oudh/Oude; Bhagavadgita/Bhagavad-gita; demi-god/demigod; Ulúpí/Ulupi; Dioscuri/Dioskouri; etc.)

"Aryo-Indian" appeared consistently in the Index as "Ayro-Indian". This was corrected.

Punctuation on the index was very inconsistent and was made as consistent as possible.

Pages indicated on the index are retained as on the published book, even in the few cases where they may be wrong.

On page 9 there are two anchors for footnote 47. It is not clear if this is intended or a mistake and was retained as on the published book.