Chapter III: , where Mrs. Bennet is giving her husband an account of the (1)

Meryton assembly, and of Mr. Bingley's partners. The first three editions, followed by Mr. Johnson, the Winchester and Hampshire Editions, print thus:--

'Then the two third he danced with Miss King, and
the two fourth with Maria Lucas, and the two fifth
with Jane again, and the two sixth with Lizzie and
the Boulanger.'

'If he had had any compassion for me,' cried her
husband impatiently, 'he would not have danced
half so much! For God's sake, say no more of his
partners. O that he had sprained his ankle in the
first dance!'

'Oh! my dear,' continued Mrs. Bennet, 'I am quite
delighted with him. He is so excessively handsome!
and his sisters are charming women. I never in my
life saw anything more elegant than their dresses.
I dare say the lace upon Mrs. Hurst's gown----'

Here she was interrupted again. Mr. Bennet
protested against any description of finery, &c.

Now, here there can be little doubt that we should read, as in Bentley's edition,[372] 'and the two sixth with Lizzie, and the _Boulanger_----' (i.e. Bingley danced the _Boulanger_ with another partner, whose name Mrs. Bennet would have given but for her husband interrupting her). In the first place, there is every reason to suppose that Mr. Bingley danced no more than 'the two sixth' (each dance seems to have been divided into two parts, but without any change of partners) with Lizzie, for Mrs. Bennet has already said that Jane 'was the only creature in the room that he asked a second time.' Secondly, the reading of the first edition destroys the point of 'Here she was interrupted again.'

2. The next passage which is frequently misprinted is in Chapter XIX, where Mr. Collins in the course of his proposal to Elizabeth quotes the advice of his very noble patroness. Bentley's edition here reads:--

'Mr. Collins, you must marry. A clergyman like you
must marry---- Choose properly, choose a
gentlewoman for my sake, and for your own; let her
be an active, useful sort of person not brought up
high, but able to make a small income go a good
way.'

By transposing a comma and a semicolon, the printer has here succeeded in perverting a most characteristic bit of advice of Lady Catherine's. The first three editions, followed by Mr. Johnson; all read 'Choose properly, choose a gentlewoman for my sake; and for your own, let her be an active, useful sort of person,' &c., and there can hardly be two opinions as to which reading is the right one.

3. In Chapter XXXVI, where Elizabeth is reviewing her conduct towards Darcy, Bentley's edition, following the first and second editions, makes her exclaim:--

'How despicably have I acted,' she cried; 'I, who
have prided myself on my discernment! I, who have
valued myself on my abilities! who have often
disdained the generous candour of my sister, and
gratified my vanity in useless or blameless
distrust.'

'Blameless' makes little or no sense, and we should surely follow the third edition, which gives 'blameable.'

4. Chapter XXXVIII, when Elizabeth Bennet and Maria Lucas are leaving Hunsford Parsonage, Mr. Brimley Johnson in his edition of 1892, following the first and second editions, arranges the sentences as follows:--

'Good gracious!' cried Maria, after a few minutes'
silence, 'it seems but a day or two since we first
came!--and yet how many things have happened!'

'A great many indeed,' said her companion with a
sigh. 'We have dined nine times at Rosings,
besides drinking tea there twice! How much I shall
have to tell!'

Elizabeth privately added, 'And how much I shall
have to conceal!'

The effect of this is to give the extremely banal remark about dining and drinking tea at Rosings to Elizabeth instead of to Maria. The third edition, followed by all the others, gives the correct arrangement:--

'A great many indeed,' said her companion with a
sigh.

'We have dined nine times at Rosings, besides
drinking tea there twice! How much I shall have to
tell!'

5. In Chapter L, where Mrs. Bennet is discussing the various houses in the neighbourhood which might suit Wickham and Lydia, Mr. Bennet is made in Bentley's and all subsequent editions to remark:--

'Mrs. Bennet, before you take any or all of these
houses for your son and daughter, let us come to a
right understanding. Into _one_ house in this
neighbourhood they shall never have admittance. I
will not encourage the imprudence of either, by
receiving them at Longbourn.'

Now 'imprudence' seems distinctly below Mr. Bennet's usual form, and we should obviously follow the first and second editions and read 'impudence.' Compare the sentence in Chapter LVII, where Mr. Bennet, talking of Mr. Collins's correspondence, says:--

'When I read a letter of his, I cannot help giving
him the preference even over Wickham, much as I
value the impudence and hypocrisy of my
son-in-law.'

It is the third edition that has here gone astray and misled all the others.

6. Chapter LIV, when Bingley and Darcy have been dining at Longbourn, we read in Mr. Johnson's edition, as well as in the Hampshire and Winchester Editions:--

The gentlemen came; and she thought he looked as
if he would have answered her hopes; but alas! the
ladies had crowded round the table, where Miss
Bennet was taking tea, and Elizabeth pouring out
the coffee.

This is an ingenious little misprint; for what Miss Bennet, who was one of the hostesses, was doing was not _taking_ tea, of course, but _making_ tea. The early editions and Bentley all read 'making.'

7. Chapter LIV, where Jane is trying to persuade Elizabeth that she is in no danger of falling in love with Bingley again, Bentley's edition reads:--

'You are very cruel,' said her sister [i.e.
Elizabeth], 'you will not let me smile, and are
provoking me to it every moment.'

'How hard it is in some cases to be believed! And
how impossible in others! But why should you wish
to persuade me that I feel more than I
acknowledge?'

'That is a question which I hardly know how to
answer.'

Now, if we turn to the first three editions, we find the passage broken up as follows:--

'You are very cruel,' said her sister, 'you will
not let me smile, and are provoking me to it every
moment.'

'How hard it is in some cases to be believed! And
how impossible in others!'

'But why should you wish to persuade me that I
feel more than I acknowledge?'

'That is a question which I hardly know how to
answer.'

This is the only passage which we can correct on the authority of the author herself. In a letter dated February 4, 1813, she says, referring to the first edition of _Pride and Prejudice_: 'The greatest blunder in printing is in p. 220, l. 3, where two sentences are made into one.' Unfortunately, in trying to correct the mistake, Bentley's edition fell into another, and Mr. Johnson was the first to break up the sentences correctly. The passage should of course run:--

'You are very cruel,' said her sister, 'you will
not let me smile, and are provoking me to it every
moment.'

'How hard it is in some cases to be believed!'

'And how impossible in others!'

'But why should you wish to persuade me that I
feel more than I acknowledge?'

'That is a question which I hardly know how to
answer.'

8. Chapter LV, when Jane's engagement to Bingley had been arranged, Bentley's edition, following the third edition, reads:--

Elizabeth, who was left by herself, now smiled at
the rapidity and ease with which an affair was
finally settled, that had given them so many
previous months of surprise and vexation.

'Surprise' does not seem nearly so suitable a word as 'suspense,' which is found in the first and second editions.

9. Chapter LV, where Jane is talking to Elizabeth about Bingley. Mr. Johnson's editions, following the first three editions, read:--

'Would you believe it, Lizzie, that when he went
to town last November, he really loved me, and
nothing but a persuasion of my being indifferent
would have prevented his coming down again!'

'He made a little mistake, to be sure; but it is
to the credit of his modesty.'

This naturally introduced a panegyric from Jane on
his diffidence, and the little value he put on his
own good qualities.

Elizabeth was pleased to find that he had not
betrayed the interference of his friends; for,
though Jane had the most generous and forgiving
heart in the world, she knew it was a circumstance
which must prejudice her against him.

As this last paragraph stands, 'him' can hardly refer to anyone else but Bingley, which makes nonsense. Nothing was likely to prejudice Jane against him; besides, it was not his 'friends' who had interfered, but his 'friend' Darcy. There can be no doubt, therefore, that we ought to read, with Bentley's edition, 'friend,' and then 'him' will refer to Darcy, against whom Lizzie was very anxious on her own account that Jane should not be prejudiced.

10. Chapter LVI, when Lady Catherine is trying to browbeat Elizabeth, Mr. Johnson reads, in his edition of 1892, following the first two editions (which, however, have a comma after 'accomplished'):--

'While in their cradles, we planned the union: and
now, at the moment when the wishes of both sisters
would be accomplished in their marriage, to be
prevented by a young woman of inferior birth, of
no importance in the world, and wholly unallied to
the family?'

Most editions, however, following the third, merely alter the interrogation to an exclamation mark; but it is by no means certain that we ought not to read '_is_ their marriage' instead of '_in_ their marriage,' placing the comma three words earlier: then we can keep the interrogation. So the edition published by George Allen in 1894.

'MANSFIELD PARK'

1. Chapter VIII: Bentley's edition, following the first and second editions, reads:--

Mrs. Rushworth proceeded next, under the
conviction that everybody must be wanting to see
Sotherton, to include Miss Crawford in the
invitation; and though Miss Grant, who had not
been at the trouble of visiting Mrs. Rushworth, on
her coming into the neighbourhood, civilly
declined it on her own account, she was glad to
secure any pleasure for her sister; and Mary,
properly pressed and persuaded, was not long in
accepting her share of the civility.

Inasmuch as there is no such character as 'Miss Grant' in the book, all other editions read 'Mrs. Grant.' Dr. Verrall, in the pages of the _Cambridge Review_, defended 'Miss Grant,' provided that 'Miss' were placed between inverted commas, as well as the previous 'Miss Crawford'; he believed Mrs. Rushworth to have been a blundering kind of person, who desired to invite Miss Crawford, but while naming 'Miss Crawford' addressed herself to Mrs. Grant. Otherwise (if we read 'Mrs. Grant'), Dr. Verrall argued, there was not the slightest occasion for Mrs. Grant to decline the invitation on her own account, for she had not been in any way invited; nor would there have been any need for Mary to be 'properly pressed and persuaded,' and then to accept 'her share' of the civility. Dr. Verrall's suggestion is ingenious, but not quite convincing.

2. Chapter VIII: Bentley's edition, following the first and second editions, reads:--

When Edmund, therefore, told her in reply, as he
did when she would give him the hearing, that she
need not distress herself on Mrs. Rushworth's
account, because he had taken the opportunity, as
he walked with her through the hall, of mentioning
Miss Price as one who would probably be of the
party, and had directly received a very sufficient
invitation for her cousin, &c.

'_Her_ cousin' would certainly seem to be a mistake; and all other editions accordingly alter 'her' to 'his.' Dr. Verrall, however, defends 'her'; and would read 'and had directly received a very sufficient invitation for her cousin,' on the ground that Mrs. Rushworth, not quite understanding who was meant by Miss Price, thought she was cousin to the Miss Price who she had previously heard would remain at home with Lady Bertram. Some such explanation, Dr. Verrall thought, would alone account for the 'very sufficient' invitation.

3. Chapter X, p. 106, where Fanny Price says to Mr. Rushworth, who on returning with the key finds Miss Bertram and Mr. Crawford have gone into the park without waiting for him:--

'They desired me to stay--my cousin Maria charged
me to say that you would find them at that knoll,
or thereabouts.'

So all the editions read; but Dr. Verrall would emend to 'They desired me to say--my cousin,' &c., on the ground that Fanny, who was the soul of truth, had not been desired to stay. But, for the matter of that, neither had her cousin Maria charged her to say anything, for it was Crawford who had suggested that 'Miss Price will be so good as to tell him, that he will find us near that knoll.' However, the emendation is attractive, as it shows Fanny trying to make the best case she can for Maria by eliminating Crawford's share in the transaction.

4. Chapter XXIV: All editions read:--

This dear William would soon be amongst them.
There could be no doubt of his obtaining leave of
absence immediately, for he was still only a
midshipman; and as his parents, from living on the
spot, must already have seen him and be seeing him
perhaps daily, his direct holidays might with
justice be instantly given to his sister.

The expression 'his direct holidays,' meaning 'his actual holidays,' is intelligible enough, but did not satisfy Dr. Verrall, who suggested 'derelict' as a naval expression to imply holidays on which no one had a claim, and which might therefore be given to Mansfield Park. Like many of Dr. Verrall's emendations, its ingenuity is greater than its probability.

5. Chapter XXXIII, p. 340:--

Here again was a something of the same Mr.
Crawford whom she had so reprobated before. How
evidently was there a gross want of feeling and
humanity where his own pleasure was concerned; and
alas! how always known no principle to supply as a
duty what the heart was deficient in.

It is difficult to believe that Jane Austen can have written anything so clumsy as 'how always known no principle.' Such, however, is the reading of all the editions, except the Hampshire Edition, which, without giving any note, violently emends to 'how lacking the principle.'

6. Chapter XXXIX: Bentley, following the second edition, reads:--

Her days were spent in a kind of slow bustle; all
was busy without getting on, always behind hand
and lamenting it, without altering her ways;
wishing to be an economist, without contrivance or
regularity; dissatisfied with her servants,
without skill to make them better, and whether
helping or reprimanding, or indulging them,
without any power of engaging their respect.

Here the printer has been most ingenious. The text should, of course, be 'always busy,' as it is in the first edition and the Hampshire Edition.

7. Chapter XL: Bentley's edition, following the early editions, reads:--

' . . . for Henry is in Norfolk; business called him
to Everingham ten days ago, or perhaps he only
pretended the call, for the sake of being
travelling at the same time that you were.'

Mr. Johnson and the Winchester Edition read 'to call.' There seems little doubt that 'the call' is the right reading.

8. Chapter XLVII: Bentley and nearly all editions read:--

Time would undoubtedly abate somewhat of his
sufferings, but still it was a sort of thing which
he never could get entirely the better of; and as
to his ever meeting with any other woman who
could--it was too impossible to be named but with
indignation.

The broken sentence means 'a woman who could console him for the loss of Mary.'

Mr. Johnson's editions make nonsense of the passage by substituting a comma for the dash after 'could.'

9. Chapter XLVIII: Bentley, following the early editions, reads:--

Maria had destroyed her own character, and he
would not, by a vain attempt to restore what never
would be restored, be affording his sanction to
vice, or in seeking to lessen its disgrace, be
anywise accessory to introducing such misery in
another man's family, as he had known himself.

Mr. Johnson and the Winchester Edition read 'by affording his sanction to vice,' which is an unnecessary alteration.

'EMMA'

1. Chapter XVIII:--

'No, Emma; your amiable young man can be amiable
only in French, not in English. He may be very
"aimable," have very good manners, and be very
agreeable; but he can have no English delicacy
towards the feelings of other people--nothing
really amiable about him.'

This reading, found in the first edition and the Winchester Edition, is without doubt correct; but Bentley, Johnson, and the Hampshire Edition read 'He may be very "amiable."'

2. Chapter XXIII:--

But when satisfied on all these points, and their
acquaintance proportionably advanced, . . .

Mr. Johnson, in his 1892 edition, did not approve of the word 'proportionably,' and read '[proportionately]'; but he has since altered his mind. The first edition and all others read 'proportionably,' and there appears to be authority for such a word.

3. Chapter XXV:--

Vanity, extravagance, love of change, restlessness
of temper, which must be doing something, good or
bad; heedlessness as to the pleasure of his father
and Mrs. Weston, indifferent as to how his conduct
might appear in general; he became liable to all
these [changes].

There are two words in the sentence, which differ in the various editions. The first edition reads 'indifferent' . . . 'changes.' Bentley reads 'indifference' . . . 'changes.' Mr. Johnson and the Winchester Edition read 'indifferent' and 'charges'; the Hampshire Edition 'indifference' and 'charges.' 'Indifference' would seem to be probably right; 'charges,' certainly right.

4. Chapter XXIX:--

'Emma,' said she, 'this paper is worse than I
expected. Look! in places you see it is dreadfully
dirty: and the wainscot is more yellow and forlorn
than anything could have imagined.'

So the first edition; Bentley, and the Hampshire Edition, insert 'one'; Mr. Johnson and the Winchester Edition 'I' after 'anything.'

5. Chapter XXXII, where Mrs. Elton says to Emma:--

'I assure you, Miss Woodhouse, it is very
delightful to me to be reminded of a place I am so
extremely partial to as Maple Grove. I have spent
so many happy minutes there!' (with a little sign
of sentiment).

So Mr. Johnson's editions read, following the first edition. But Bentley's, as well as the Hampshire and Winchester Editions, read 'sigh,' which seems to be certainly right.

6. Chapter XLIV:--

Jane took Mrs. Elton aside, and told her at once,
that upon thinking over the advantages of Mrs.
Suckling's situation, she had come to the
resolution of accepting it.

So the first edition, followed by Bentley; but this is plainly a mistake for Mrs. Smallridge's, and is corrected by Mr. Johnson, the Winchester and Hampshire Editions.

7. Chapter XLVI, where Mr. Weston tells Emma that his wife has something to break to her, and Emma at once fears for her relations in Brunswick Square:--

'Mrs. Weston, do not trifle with me. Consider how
many of my dearest friends are now in Brunswick
Square. Which of them is it? I charge you by all
that is sacred not to attempt concealment.'

'Upon my word, Emma----'

'Your word! Why not your honour! Why not say upon
your honour, that it has nothing to do with any of
them? Good heavens! What can be to be _broke_ to
me that does relate to one of that family?'

So the first edition, followed by Bentley. But Mr. Johnson, the Hampshire and Winchester Editions insert 'not' before 'relate'; and the negative seems needed.

8. Chapter XLVII:--

This was the conclusion of the first series of
reflection.

So the first edition, followed by Bentley; Mr. Johnson, the Hampshire and Winchester Editions give 'reflections.' But in Jane Austen's novels the expression 'a series of' is continually followed by a noun in the singular, when nowadays we should probably use the plural--e.g. _Emma_, chapter xxxvi, 'a series of dissipation'; _Sense and Sensibility_, chapter xxvii, 'a series of rain'; chapter xlvi, 'a series of imprudence.'

Cf. _Emma_, chapter xxii, 'after a series of what appeared to him strong encouragement'; though the Hampshire Edition has altered this to 'encouragements.'

'NORTHANGER ABBEY'

1. Chapter VI: 'I am sure it is Laurentina's skeleton.' A reference to Mrs. Radcliffe's _The Mysteries of Udolpho_ will show that 'Laurentina' should be 'Laurentini.' All editions, however, read 'Laurentina.'

2. Chapter VIII:--

'Let us walk about and quiz people. Come along
with me, and I will show you the four greatest
quizzers in the room; my two younger sisters and
their partners. I have been laughing at them this
half-hour.'

So the first edition, the Hampshire and Winchester Editions. Bentley, however, reads 'quizzes,' which seems correct, as the word 'quizzer' usually bore an active sense, and 'quiz' a passive.

3. Chapter XI:--

They all spent the evening together at Thorpe's.

It seems improbable that Jane Austen can have written anything other than 'at the Thorpes''; but no edition has had the courage to make the change.

4. Chapter XIII:--

And with these words she broke away and hurried
off. Thorpe would have darted after her, but
Morland withheld him. 'Let her go, let her go, if
she will go. She is as obstinate as----'

Thorpe never finished the simile, for it could
hardly have been a proper one.

So the first edition reads, followed by Bentley and the Winchester Edition. The Hampshire Edition boldly gives 'Morland,' and this seems the natural solution. The only alternative is to break up the sentence thus:--

. . . but Morland withheld him. 'Let her go, let her
go, if she will.' 'She is as obstinate as----'
Thorpe never finished the simile, &c.

But this does not seem so natural; nor do we imagine that the impropriety of the simile would necessarily have debarred Thorpe from completing it.

5. Chapter XXII:--

And for his part, to his uncritical palate, the
tea was as well flavoured from the clay of
Staffordshire as from that of Dresden or Seve. But
this was quite an old set, purchased two years
ago.

So the first edition, and the Hampshire and Winchester Editions; but Bentley emends to 'Sevres,' which must surely be correct.

6. Chapter XXVI:--

By ten o'clock the chaise-and-four conveyed the
two from the abbey, and, after an agreeable drive
of almost twenty miles, they entered Woodston, &c.

So all the editions; but is not 'two' a misprint for 'trio'--i.e. General Tilney, Eleanor, and Catherine? It is certain that Eleanor was of the party, for we read a little later: 'His son and daughter's observations were of a different kind. They had seldom seen him eat so heartily at any table but his own'; nor is there anything to show that General Tilney rode on horseback.

For an example of the use of the word 'trio' by Jane Austen, see _Mansfield Park_, chapter xxix: 'They were now a miserable trio.'

'PERSUASION'

1. Chapter I: The Hampshire and Winchester Editions, following the first edition, print the opening passage as follows:--

Sir Walter Elliot, of Kellynch Hall, in
Somersetshire, was a man who, for his own
amusement, never took up any book but the
Baronetage; where he found occupation for an idle
hour and consolation in a distressed one; there
his faculties were roused into admiration and
respect, by contemplating the limited remnant of
the earliest patents; there any unwelcome
sensations, arising from domestic affairs, changed
naturally into pity and contempt. As he turned
over the almost endless creations of the last
century, and there, if every other leaf were
powerless, he could read his own history with an
interest which never failed: this was the page at
which his favourite volume always opened.

This obviously makes no sense as it stands; and to no less a light than Macaulay belongs the credit of putting it right.

Some of his old friends (says Sir G. O. Trevelyan
in his _Life of Macaulay_[373]) may remember how
he prided himself on a correction of his own in
the first page of _Persuasion_ which he maintained
to be worthy of Bentley, and which undoubtedly
fulfils all the conditions required to establish
the credit of an emendation; for, without the
alteration of a word, or even of a letter, it
turns into perfectly intelligible common-sense a
passage which has puzzled, or which ought to have
puzzled, two generations of Miss Austen's readers.

And in a footnote, Sir George says:--

A slight change in the punctuation effects all
that is required. According to Macaulay the
sentence was intended by its author to run thus:
'There any unwelcome sensations, arising from
domestic affairs, changed naturally into pity and
contempt as he turned over the almost endless
creations of the last century; and there, if every
other leaf were powerless, he could read his own
history with an interest which never failed. This
was the page at which his favourite volume
opened.'

Whether or not the emendation would have satisfied Bentley the critic, it eventually satisfied Bentley the publisher, who adopted it in his later editions.

2. Chapter I, a page or two further on, all editions read:--

Be it known, then, that Sir Walter, like a good
father (having met with one or two private
disappointments in very unreasonable
applications), prided himself on remaining single
for his dear daughter's sake. For one daughter,
his eldest, he would really have given up
anything, which he had not been very much tempted
to do. . . . His two other children were of very
inferior value.

This is one more instance of a misplaced apostrophe, for, as Dr. Verrall pointed out in the _Cambridge Observer_, what Jane Austen must have written is 'for his dear daughters' sake.' Even if the antithesis implied in the next sentence did not demand this, it is obvious that the correct Sir Walter would never have allowed himself to state that he remained single for the sake of one daughter only. Indeed, we have a proof of this in Chapter V, when Elizabeth says: 'And as to my father, I really should not have thought that he who has kept himself single so long for our sakes need be suspected now.'

3. Chapter XXII: Bentley, following the first edition, reads:--

She was earnestly begged to return and dine, and
give them all the rest of the day, but her spirits
had been so long exerted that at present she felt
unequal to move and fit only for home, where she
might be sure of being as silent as she chose.

Promising to be with them the whole of the
following morning, therefore, she closed the
fatigues of the present by a toilsome walk to
Camden Place, &c.

The Hampshire and Winchester Editions read 'more,' and this seems likely to be correct; for those acquainted with the road to Camden Place will know how inadvisable it would be for anyone 'unequal to move' to attempt it.

4. Chapter XXIII: Nearly all editions read: 'The weather was unfavourable, and she had grieved over the rain on her friend's account.'

There was no particular 'friend' in the case, as Anne had promised to spend her morning with the Musgroves, and it seems certain we should read 'on her friends' account.'

FOOTNOTES:

[372] Our references throughout are to Bentley's edition of 1885-6.

[373] Vol. ii. pp. 470-1, second edition.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following list of books is confined to the main editions of the novels and, with a few exceptions, to books dealing entirely, or almost entirely, with the author. It does not attempt to include all the cheap reprints of the novels, nor all the histories of English literature, &c., which make mention of Jane Austen, nor the innumerable magazine articles that have been devoted to her and her writings. Many of these last, however, will be found recorded in the bibliographies included in Mr. Goldwin Smith's and Mr. Oscar Fay Adams's volumes.

1811 [Oct.] _Sense and Sensibility._ A novel. In three volumes.
By a Lady. London: printed for the author,
by C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar; and
published by T. Egerton, Whitehall, 1811.
12mo.

1813 [Jan.] _Pride and Prejudice._ A novel. In three volumes.
By the author of _Sense and Sensibility_. London:
printed for T. Egerton, Military Library, Whitehall,
1813. 12mo.

[Vol. I was printed by C. Roworth, Bell-yard,
Temple-bar; Vols. II and III by G. Sidney,
Northumberland Street, Strand.]

1813 [Oct.] _Pride and Prejudice._ A novel. In three volumes.
By the author of _Sense and Sensibility_. Second
edition. London: printed for T. Egerton,
Military Library, Whitehall, 1813. 12mo.

[Printers as in first edition.]

1813 [Oct.] _Sense and Sensibility._ A novel. In three volumes.
By the author of _Pride and Prejudice_. The second
edition. London: printed for the author, by
C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar; and published
by T. Egerton, Whitehall, 1813. 12mo.

1814 [May] _Mansfield Park._ A novel. In three volumes. By
the author of _Sense and Sensibility_ and _Pride and
Prejudice_. London: printed for T. Egerton,
Military Library, Whitehall, 1814. 12mo.

[Vols. I and III were printed by G. Sidney,
Northumberland Street, Strand; Vol. II by
C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar.]

1815 [Dec.] _Emma._ A novel. In three volumes. By the author
of _Pride and Prejudice_, &c., &c. London:
printed for John Murray, 1816. 12mo.

[Vols. I and II were printed by C. Roworth,
Bell-yard, Temple-bar; Vol. III by J. Moyes,
Greville Street, Hatton Garden, London.]

1816 [Feb.] _Mansfield Park._ A novel. In three volumes. By
the author of _Pride and Prejudice_. Second
edition. London: printed for J. Murray,
Albemarle Street, 1816. 12mo.

[Vols. I and III were printed by J. Moyes,
Greville Street, Hatton Garden, London; Vol. II
by C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar.]

1817 _Pride and Prejudice._ A novel. In two volumes.
By the author of _Sense and Sensibility_, &c.
Third edition. London: printed for T. Egerton,
Military Library, Whitehall, 1817. 12mo.

[Printed by C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar.]

1818 _Northanger Abbey_ and _Persuasion_. By the author
of _Pride and Prejudice_, _Mansfield Park_, &c.
With a biographical notice of the author. In
four volumes. London: John Murray, Albemarle
Street, 1818. 12mo.

[Vols. I and II, containing _Northanger Abbey_,
were printed by C. Roworth, Bell-yard, Temple-bar;
Vols. III and IV, containing _Persuasion_, by
T. Davison, Lombard Street, Whitefriars, London.]

1824 _L'Abbaye de Northanger_; traduit de l'anglais de
Jeanne Austen, auteur d'_Orgueil et Prejuge_, du
_Parc de Mansfield_, de la _Famille Elliott_, de la
Nouvelle _Emma_, &c. Par Mme. Hyacinthe de
F.**** [Ferrieres]. 3 tom. Paris. Pigoreau.
12mo.

[There is a short 'Notice biographique' taken
from the English edition.]

1833 _Novels by Miss Jane Austen._ 'Standard Novels'
series. Five volumes. London: Richard Bentley.
8vo.

[This series contains a set of steel engravings--two
to each novel, a frontispiece and a vignette
after Pickering. _Sense and Sensibility_ contains
a biographical notice (by Henry Austen),
which includes a few facts not mentioned in
the preface to the original edition of _Northanger
Abbey_.]

1870 _A Memoir of Jane Austen._ By her nephew, J. E.
Austen Leigh. London: Richard Bentley & Son.
pp. 236. 8vo.

1871 _A Memoir of Jane Austen._ By her nephew, J. E.
Austen Leigh. Second edition; to which is
added _Lady Susan_ and fragments of two other
unfinished tales by Miss Austen. London:
Richard Bentley & Son. pp. 364. 8vo.

1880 _Jane Austen and her Works._ By Sarah Tytler.
London: Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co. pp. viii-386.
8vo.

[This contains a Life drawn from the _Memoir_,
and a resume of each of the novels.]

1882 _Jane Austen's Novels._ Steventon Edition. Five
volumes. London: Richard Bentley & Son. 8vo.

1883 _A Book of Sibyls._ By Anne Isabella Thackeray.
London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. vi-229. 8vo.

['Jane Austen,' pp. 197-229.]

1884 _Letters of Jane Austen._ Edited, with an introduction
and critical remarks, by Edward, Lord
Brabourne. Two volumes. London: Richard
Bentley & Son.

[This includes: (1) a series of letters from Jane
to Cassandra; (2) letters from Jane to Fanny
Knight; (3) letters from Jane to Anna Austen
(Mrs. B. Lefroy); and (4) two letters from
Cassandra to Fanny Knight, just after Jane's
death.]

1885 _Dictionary of National Biography._ London: Smith,
Elder & Co. 'Jane Austen,' by L[eslie]. S[tephen].

[This account, based on the _Memoir_ and the
_Letters_ (which latter are said to be trivial and
to give no new facts), is accurate: except in
stating that Jane was the youngest of seven
children, and that she went to Castle Square,
Southampton, in 1805.]

1886 _Letters to Dead Authors._ By Andrew Lang. London:
Longmans, Green & Co. 8vo.

['To Jane Austen,' pp. 75-85.]

1888 _Chapters from Jane Austen._ Edited by Oscar Fay
Adams. Boston: Lee & Shepard.

1889 _Jane Austen._ By S. F. Malden [Mrs. Charles Malden].
'Eminent Women' series. London: W. H.
Allen. pp. 210. 8vo.

[Much space is devoted to an abstract of the
novels.]

1890 _Life of Jane Austen._ By Goldwin Smith. 'Great
Writers' series. London: Walter Scott.
pp. 195-v. 8vo.

[Contains a bibliography compiled by J. P.
Anderson.]

1891 _The Story of Jane Austen's Life._ By Oscar Fay
Adams. Chicago: A. D. McClurg & Co.
pp. v-277. 8vo.

[Includes a bibliography.]

1892 _The Novels of Jane Austen._ Edited by R. Brimley
Johnson; with illustrations by William Cubit
Cooke, and ornaments by F. C. Tilney. Ten
volumes. London: J. M. Dent & Co.

[The first volume of _Sense and Sensibility_ contains
an account of Jane Austen, pp. xi-xxxi. This
was the first really independent issue of the
novels--Bentley's edition having previously held
the field. Mr. Johnson, as a rule, followed the
text of the latest edition which appeared in the
author's lifetime. Unfortunately, his printers
introduced a good many new misprints of their
own.]

1894 _Pride and Prejudice._ With a preface by George
Saintsbury, and illustrations by Hugh Thomson.
London: George Allen. pp. xxvii-476. 8vo.

1895 _Charades, etc. Written a Hundred Tears Ago._ By
Jane Austen and her family. London:
Spottiswoode & Co. pp. 34. 8vo.

1895 _Duologues and Scenes from the Novels of Jane Austen,
arranged and adapted for Drawing-room Performance._
By Rosina Filippi (Mrs. Dowson); with
illustrations by Miss Fletcher. London: J. M.
Dent & Co. pp. xv-139. 8vo.

1895-7 _Jane Austen's Novels._ With illustrations by Hugh
Thomson [but _Pride and Prejudice_ is illustrated
by C. E. Brock] and introductions by Austin
Dobson. Five volumes. London: Macmillan
& Co. 8vo.

[These volumes were afterwards (1902-4)
reprinted and issued in Macmillan's 'Illustrated
Pocket Classics.']

1897 _Essays on the Novel: as illustrated by Scott and Miss
Austen._ By A. A. Jack. London: Macmillan & Co.

['Miss Austen,' pp. 232-297.]

1898 _The Novels of Jane Austen._ Winchester Edition.
Ten volumes. London: Grant Richards. 8vo.

[Subsequently, in 1906, this edition was
re-issued with a new title-page by John Grant
of Edinburgh.]

1898 _Emma._ With an introduction by Joseph Jacobs,
and illustrations by Chris Hammond. London:
George Allen. pp. xxvi-504. 8vo.

1898 _The Novels of Jane Austen._ Edited by R. Brimley
Johnson; with coloured illustrations by C. E.
and H. M. Brock. London: J. M. Dent & Co.

[This edition seems to be printed from the same
type as that used in the 1892 edition. Many of
the obvious misprints have been corrected; but
two following chapters in _Mansfield Park_ are still
numbered xxxii, throwing out the numeration of
all subsequent chapters.]

1899 _Jane Austen: Her Contemporaries and Herself._ An
essay in criticism. By Walter Herries Pollock.
London: Longmans, Green & Co. pp. 125. 8vo.

[The contemporaries are Miss Burney, Miss
Edgeworth, and Miss Ferrier.]

1899 _Sense and Sensibility._ With an introduction by J.
Jacobs, and illustrations by Chris Hammond.
London: George Allen, pp. xxviii-389. 8vo.

1899 _The Works of Jane Austen._ With coloured frontispieces
by H. M. Brock. The Temple Edition.
Ten volumes. London: J. M. Dent & Co.
8vo.

1899 _Catherine Morland._ [sc. _Northanger Abbey_.] Roman
traduit de l'anglais. Par F. Fenelon. Published
in _La Revue blanche_. Paris. pp. 364. 8vo.

1900 _Pride and Prejudice._ With an introduction and notes
by E. V. Lucas. Methuen's 'Little Library.'
Two volumes. London: Methuen & Co.

[1900] _Pride and Prejudice._ Illustrated by Chris Hammond;
with an introduction by William Keith Leask.
London: The Gresham Publishing Co. 8vo. N.D.

1901 _Northanger Abbey._ With an introduction by E. V.
Lucas. Methuen's 'Little Library.' London:
Methuen & Co. pp. xiv-273. 8vo.

1902 _The Novels of Jane Austen._ Hampshire Edition. Five
volumes. London: R. Brimley Johnson. 8vo.

[There is a publisher's note at the beginning
of _Pride and Prejudice_, and each novel contains
two specially drawn end-papers illustrating its
topographical details. The text differs occasionally
from that of the novels _edited_ by Mr.
Brimley Johnson.]

1902 _Jane Austen: Her Homes and Her Friends._ By
Constance Hill. Illustrations by Ellen G. Hill,
and reproductions in photogravure, &c. London:
John Lane. pp. viii-279. 8vo.

[The book contains much topographical detail.]

1904 _Pride and Prejudice._ Illustrated by Chris Hammond.
London: Blackie & Son. pp. viii-392. 8vo.

1905 _The Works of Jane Austen._ 'Sense and Sensibility.'
Introduction by Sidney Lee. Methuen's
Standard Library. London: Methuen & Co.
pp. vii-247. 8vo.

[It is stated that the text is taken from that
of the second edition. The other novels in this
series do not seem to have been published up to
the present.]

1905 _Jane Austen and her Times._ By G. E. Mitton. With
twenty-one illustrations. London: Methuen
& Co. pp. viii-334. 8vo.

1906 _Jane Austen's Novels._ With introduction by R.
Brimley Johnson. Everyman's Library. Five
volumes. London: J. M. Dent & Co. 8vo.

1906 _Jane Austen's Sailor Brothers: being the Adventures
of Sir Francis Austen, G.C.B., Admiral of the
Fleet, and Rear-Admiral Charles Austen._ By
J. H. Hubback and Edith C. Hubback. London:
John Lane. pp. xiv-294. 8vo.

[Four hitherto unpublished letters of Jane to
her brothers are given.]

1907 _The Works of Jane Austen_--I. 'Emma.' With an
introduction by E. V. Lucas. The World's
Classics. Oxford: Henry Frowde. pp. xv-459.
8vo.

1907-9 [_The Novels of Jane Austen._] With coloured illustrations
by C. E. Brock. 'The Series of English
Idylls.' Five volumes. London: J. M. Dent
& Co. 8vo.

1908-10 _The Novels of Jane Austen._ With general introduction
and notes by R. Brimley Johnson. Coloured
illustrations and end-pieces by A. Wallis Mills.
The Saint Martin's Illustrated Library of Standard
Authors. Ten volumes. London: Chatto
& Windus. 8vo.

1909 _Jane Austen and Her Country-house Comedy._ By
W. H. Helm. London: Eveleigh Nash. pp. x-259.
8vo.

[A critical appreciation. The frontispiece is
an imaginary portrait of Jane Austen.]

1910 _Pride and Prejudice._ Abridged and edited by
Mrs. Frederick Boas. English Literature for
Schools. Cambridge: at the University Press.
pp. xix-211. 8vo.

[The editor's object is to present the book in a
form suitable for school reading. Some notes
are given.]

1910 _Encyclopaedia Britannica._ Eleventh Edition. Cambridge:
at the University Press.

['Jane Austen,' by E. V. L[ucas], vol. ii.
pp. 906-7.]

[This is an accurate account, except that it
contains the same two mistakes as those in the
_Dictionary of National Biography_.]

1911 _Essays and Studies._ By members of the English
Association. Oxford: at the Clarendon Press.

['Jane Austen,' by A. C. Bradley, vol. ii.
pp. 7-36.]

1911 _Chawton Manor and its Owners._ A family history.
By William Austen Leigh and Montagu George
Knight. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. viii-219.
4to.

[Chapter VII.--'The Austens.']

1912 _Pride and Prejudice._ Edited with introduction, &c.
by K. M. Metcalfe. Oxford University Press:
Henry Frowde. pp. xxxii-403. 8vo.

[A scholarly edition: the text is that of the
first edition, except in a few instances, where
a note is given. The title-pages of the three
volumes are reproduced in facsimile. Appendix
on social customs in J. A.'s day; criticisms,
notes, &c.]

1912 _Jane Austen._ By Lady Margaret Sackville. 'The
Regent Library.' London: Herbert & Daniel.
pp. xvi-471. 8vo.

[Long selections from the novels, with an introduction
and some appreciations.]

1913 _Old Friends and New Fancies: an Imaginary Sequel
to the Novels of Jane Austen._ By Sybil G.
Brinton. London: Holden & Hardingham.
pp. viii-384. 8vo.

1913 _Jane Austen: a Criticism and Appreciation._ By
Percy Fitzgerald, M.A., F.S.A. London: Jarrold
& Sons. pp. 129. 8vo.

[The frontispiece is a reproduction of a bust of
Jane Austen executed by Mr. Fitzgerald.]

I. Austens

JOHN AUSTEN, of Horsmonden, _d._ 1620
|
5th son
Francis, of Grovehurst, _d._ 1687
|
John, of Grovehurst, _d._ 1705
|
John, of Broadford = Elizabeth Weller
_d._ 1704 |
______________________________________________________________|_______________________________________________________________
| | | | | | |
John, of Broadford Francis Thomas, M.D. W. _Walter_, _M.D._ = (1)Rebecca Hampson = William = (2) = Susanna Holk 2 sons and a daughter
_d._ 1728 | | | | Surgeon,
| /|\ /|\ | | _d._ 1737
John, of Broadford (present owners (in female | |
_d._ 1807, _s.p.s._ of Broadford) line) Susanna Weaver = W. H. _Walter_ |
_____________________________| |_________________________________
| | | |
Philadelphia (Rev.) James _Walter_ Rev. George = Cassandra Leigh Philadelphia = T. S. Hancock
('Phila') | R. of Steventon,| _d._ 1827 |
(Rev.) Henry _Walter_ _d._ 1805 | (_see_ Leigh |
| Pedigree) |
| |
| Eliza = Jean Capotte
| | Comte de
| | Feuillide
| |
| Hastings
| _d._ 1801
|
1765 1766 1767 1771 | 1773 1774 1775 1779
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________|_____________________________________________________________
| | | | | | | |
(Rev.) James = (1)Anne Mathew; (2)Mary Lloyd George Edward = Elizabeth Bridges (Rev.) Henry = (1)Eliza de Feuillide; (2)Eleanor Jackson Cassandra | Jane |
_d._1819 | | (Knight),| (d. 1850) _d._ 1813 _d._ _unm._ | _d._ _unm._ |
| | | 1845 | 1817 |
| | _d._ 1852 | ____________________________________________________________| Author |
________| _______|__________ ___________|______________________ | _______________________________|
| | | | |||||||||| | |
B. Lefroy = Anna (Rev.) James Edward Caroline 7. Fanny = Sir E. Knatchbull 1. Edward Francis = (1)Mary Gibson; (2)Martha Lloyd Charles = (1)Frances Palmer; (2)Harriet Palmer
| _d._ 1872 (Austen Leigh), _d._ _unm._ 1880 | 2. George (Admiral), | (Admiral), | |
| Author of the _Memoir_, Lord Brabourne 3. Henry _d._ 1852 | |________ Charles
/|\ _d._ 1874 (Editor of the 4. William Mary Jane |
/|\ _Letters_) 5. Charles Cassandra 1. Cassandra
(Austen Leighs) 6. John etc. 2. Harriet
8. Elizabeth etc.
and 3 others.
(Knights of
Chawton)

II. Leighs

Theophilus Leigh = Mary Brydges
(of Adlestrop) | (daughter of Lord Chandos)
_d._ 1724 |
|
(12 children--of whom) (Dr.) John Walker = Jane Perrot
_____________________|______________________________________________ |
| | | |
(1) William (3) (Rev.) Theophilus (4) (Rev.) Thomas = Jane Walker
(5 children--of whom) (Master of Balliol) (of Harpsden) |
_____|__________ ____________|__________ _d._ 1763 |
| | | | |
James (Rev.) Thomas = Mary, _d._ Cassandra = (Rev.) S. Cooke |
| (succeeded 1797 | (of Little |
James Henry to Stoneleigh in | Bookham) |
(succeeded to 1806) | |
Stoneleigh 1813) _d._ 1813, _s.p._ __________|____________ |
\|/ | | | |
Theophilus (Rev.) George Mary |
_______________________________________________________________________|
| | |
Jane Cholmeley = James (Leigh Perrot) Jane = (Rev.) Edward Cooper Cassandra = (Rev.) G. Austen
_d._ 1836 (of Scarlets) _d._ | (R. of Whaddon and _d._ 1827 (_see_ Austen
_d._ 1817, _s.p._ 1783 | Sonning), _d._ 1792 Pedigree)
_____________________|_______________
| |
(Rev.) Edward = Caroline Lybbe Powys Jane = (Sir) Thomas Williams, R.N.
(of Hamstall _d._
Ridware) 1798

III. Craven, Fowle, and Lloyd Families.

Sir Wm. Craven, Kt.
________________________________|__________________________
| | |
2nd Lord Craven | Charles = Elizabeth Staples
_d._ 1711 John ___|_____________________
____________|__ ____|________ | | |
| | | | (Rev.) Wm. Fowle = Jane (Rev.) John Martha = (Rev.) N. Lloyd
3rd Lord Craven Fulwar 5th Lord Craven son rector of | of Chilton _d._ 1805 |
_d._ 1739 4th Lord Craven _d._ 1769 | Kintbury and of | House, |
6th Hampstead | Wilts. |
Lord Craven Marshall, | |
_d._ 1791 _d._ 1806 | |
| | |
7th Lord Craven | |
_d._ 1825 | |
__________________________________________________________________|_________________________________|______
| | | | | |
(Rev.) Thomas, Charles (Rev.) Fulwar Craven = Eliza Martha = (Sir) Francis Austen Mary = (Rev.) James
rector of Allington _d._ 1806 rector of Kintbury | _d._ 1843 | Austen
_d._ 1797 \|/ __________|_____
| |
James Edward Caroline

INDEX

ACADEMY (Royal Naval):
Francis Austen there, 49;
Charles, 77

Ashe Rectory:
home of Lefroys, 71

Austen, Anna (_see also_ Lefroy, Ben):
elder daughter of James Austen, her birth and loss of mother, 72, 73;
spent much time with Jane and Cassandra, 73;
comparison with Fanny Knight, 241;
writes novel and receives advice from Aunt Jane, 353-62;
married to Ben Lefroy, November 1814, 353

Austen, Caroline:
younger daughter of James Austen, 206, 363;
writes stories and receives advice from Aunt Jane, 57, 363-8;
sees her for the last time, 386;
her contributions to _Memoir_ and subsequent history, 368

Austen, Cassandra (_see also_ Austen, Jane):
elder daughter of (Rev.) George Austen, born 1773, 20;
she and Jane devoted to each other, 50;
difference of character, 51;
preferred to Jane by Phila Walter, 59;
both admired by Eliza, 61;
engaged to T. Fowle, who goes as chaplain to West Indies, 79;
and dies of yellow fever, 105;
C.'s letters from Jane, constantly, from p. 109 onward;
after death of her father, C. present at that of Mrs. Lloyd, 183;
nurses Jane through illness and on death-bed, 383, 390;
writes account of Jane's death to Fanny, 394;
her own death in 1845, 402

Austen, Charles:
sixth son of (Rev.) George Austen, born 1779, 23;
at R.N. Academy, 77;
character, 77;
under Captain Williams helps to capture _La Tribune_, 78;
on _Endymion_ helps to capture _Scipio_, 150;
Duke of Sussex a passenger, 163;
presents to sisters, 171;
kindness to Lord Balgonie, and Lord Leven's gratitude, 187;
marries Fanny Palmer, 204;
on the _Namur_, and visits Godmersham, 284, 285;
commands the _Phoenix_ against Murat, 369;
letter to Jane, 370;
letter from Jane, 385;
subsequent career (Admiral), 403;

Austen, Edward (i):
third son of (Rev.) George Austen, born 1767, 18;
adopted by Knights of Godmersham, 47;
makes the 'grand tour,' 48;
his character, 47;
marries Elizabeth Bridges and settles at Rowling, 74;
at Godmersham, 75, 76;
goes to Bath, 127;
his wife dies, leaving eleven children, 209, &c.;
at Chawton House, with Fanny, in 1812, 256;
takes the name of Knight, 256;
with his family at Chawton, 1813 and 1814, 269, 302;
claim made to his Hants property and settled by compromise, 299;
loses money by Henry's bankruptcy, 332

Austen, Edward (ii): _see_ Knight, Edward

Austen, Edward (iii): _see_ Austen Leigh, (Rev.) J. E.

Austen, Fanny (afterwards Fanny Knight; then Lady Knatchbull):
description of, 211, 227;
in London during her uncle Henry's illness, 213;
friendship with Mr. Haden, 311, &c.;
letters from Aunt Jane on love affair, 342, &c.;
letters to Aunt Jane at Winchester mentioned, 395

Austen, Francis (i):
of Grovehurst, fifth son of John Austen (i), _d._ 1687, 2

Austen, Francis (ii):
second son of John Austen (iii) and Elizabeth Weller; solicitor at
Sevenoaks; befriended his nephews; descendants own Broadford, 3, 4

Austen, (Sir) Francis (_see also_ Ships):
fifth son of (Rev.) George Austen, born 1774, 21;
youthful horse-dealing, 23;
character, 49;
at the R.N. Academy, 49;
his father's letter, 50;
rapid promotion to Lieutenant, 76;
returns home in 1793, 76;
letter from him at Cadiz, 115;
made Commander, 121;
at Cyprus, 143;
takes news to Nelson and captures _Ligurienne_, 160;
made post-Captain, 160, 161;
letters from Jane on father's death, 180-2;
raising 'sea fencibles' at Ramsgate, 174;
engagement to Mary Gibson, 192;
appointed to _Leopard_ (under Admiral Louis), 192;
move to Canopus, 192;
misses Trafalgar, 193;
takes part in victory at St. Domingo, 193;
marriage, 194;
at Southampton with mother and sisters, 197;
commands the _Elephant_ in the Baltic, 270;
letters from Jane, 270, 278;
living at Alton, 369;
subsequent career, K.C.B., Admiral of the Fleet, 403

Austen, Francis Motley:
son of Francis Austen (ii);
acquires Kippington property, 3-4;
believed to have had Jane Austen painted by Zoffany, 63

Austen, (Rev.) George (i):
son of William A.;
helped by Uncle Francis, 4;
at Tonbridge and Oxford, 4, 5;
Rector of Steventon, 5;
marries Cassandra Leigh, 5;
his character, 16;
Rector also of Deane, 17;
letters to Walters, 19-22;
letter announcing birth of Jane, 22;
takes pupils, 24, 25;
his letter to son Francis, 50;
offers Jane's first novel to Cadell, 97;
leaves Steventon and settles in Bath, 172;
visits Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Lyme, 173, 176;
dies at Bath, January 1805, 180-2

Austen, George (ii):
second son of above, born 1766;
subject to fits, 20

Austen, George (iii):
second son of Edward Austen (i);
a favourite of his aunt Jane, 111, 112, 122;
at Southampton after his mother's death, 216, &c.;
afterwards (as G. Knight) a celebrated cricketer, 111, _note_

Austen, (Rev.) Henry (i):
son of Thomas Austen;
held living of West Wickham, 4

Austen, (Rev.) Henry (ii):
fourth son of (Rev.) George Austen, born 1771, 20;
Jane's favourite brother, 48;
contributor to _The Loiterer_, at Oxford, 48;
his character, 49;
officer in Militia, 107;
marries Eliza de Feuillide, 106;
in France with her during Peace of Amiens, 173;
frequent visits from Jane, 244, 265, 272, 302, 308, 309;
death of Eliza, 265;
letter to John Murray about _Emma_, 310;
severe illness, 309-11;
bankruptcy, 325, 332;
takes Orders, 332, 333;
marries again, 333;
his death, 402

Austen, Mrs. Henry:
_see_ de Feuillide, Comtesse

Austen, (Rev.) James:
eldest son of George Austen, born in 1765, 18;
Scholar and Fellow of St. John's, Oxford, 46;
visits the de Feuillides in France, 39;
returns to Oxford and edits _The Loiterer_, 47;
his share in forming mind of Jane, 46;
writes prologues, &c., for plays, 64, 65;
marries (i) Anne Mathew, 72;
curate at Overton, then at Deane, 72;
birth of daughter Anna, 72, 73;
death of wife, 73;
marries (ii) Mary Lloyd, 73, 104;
Mrs. Austen's letter to her, 73;
birth of son, 113;
visits Godmersham, 204, &c.;
declines a living on grounds of conscience, 223;
hopeless letter to his son on Aunt Jane's illness, 392;
dies two years after his sister, 402

Austen, Jane (the novelist), (_see also_ under names of books):
younger daughter of (Rev.) George Austen, born December 16, 1775, 22;
lessons at Oxford and Southampton, 25;
dangerous illness, 25;
school at Reading, 26;
education at home, 29;
politics and patriotism, 29, 30;
first writings,
_Mystery_, 53-5;
_Evelyn_ and _Kitty_, 55,
opinion on early writing, 57, 58;
visit to Uncle Francis at Sevenoaks, 58;
Phila Walter's impression, 58, 59;
Sir E. Brydges and (later) Eliza admire Jane, 60, 61;
probable date of Zoffany portrait, 62-3;
theatricals at Steventon, 63-6;
verses to Mary and Martha Lloyd, 70;
writes _Elinor and Marianne_ and _Lady Susan_, 80, 81;
her own letters begin in 1796;
their nature and limitations, 81-3;
frequent to Cassandra, from p. 109;
friendship with S. Blackall (?), Fellow of Emmanuel College, 85, 86;
with T. Lefroy (afterwards Chief Justice), 87-9;
romance in the west, and sad end, 89, 90;
Sir F. H. Doyle's impossible story, 91;
embarrassing incident at Steventon, 92-4;
visit to Rowling, 99-104;
death of Cassandra's lover, 104-5;
mother and sisters at Bath, 105;
death of Jane Williams, 108;
first visit to Godmersham, 109;
caps, 116;
balls at Basingstoke, 119, 143;
at Kempshot, 123;
Jane at Bath with Edward, &c., 127;
Mrs. Leigh Perrot's trouble, 131-140;
great storm at Steventon, 147;
letter to Martha, 148;
ball at Hurstbourne, 150;
Jane at Ibthorp, 153;
grief at leaving Steventon, 155;
begins life at Bath (Paragon), 165-72;
ball, 167;
summer (prob.) at Sidmouth, 172;
they settle in Bath (Sydney Terrace), 172;
prob. at Dawlish in 1802, 173;
prob. at Ramsgate in 1803, 174;
sells _Northanger Abbey_ and writes _Watsons_, 174, 175;
visits Lyme, 176;
death of Mrs. Lefroy, 180;
death of Jane's father, 180-2;
letters to Frank, 180, 181;
generosity of brothers, 182;
Austens leave Bath for Clifton, 194;
visit to Stoneleigh, 194-7;
settle at Southampton (Castle Square), 197, 202;
visit to Chawton, 203;
to Godmersham, 204;
death of Mrs. E. Austen, 209;
her two eldest boys with Jane, 209-19;
offer of a home at Chawton, 216;
balls at Southampton, 222, &c.;
move to Chawton, 235, 242;
her character, appearance, tastes, &c., 237-42;
visits to H. Austen and Catherine Hill, 244-51;
publication of _Sense and Sensibility_, 255;
visit at Steventon, 256;
publication of _Pride and Prejudice_, 257;
death of Eliza, and visit to Henry, 265;
Knights at Chawton House again, 269;
last visit to Godmersham, 276, &c.;
taking London on the way, 272, &c.;
literary work, 290;
three times in London in 1814, 302, 304, 308;
publication of _Mansfield Park_, 302;
visit at Bookham, 304;
Knights at Chawton, 302;
in London for publication of _Emma_, 309;
Henry's illness, 309-11;
her own health suffers, 311;
correspondence with Mr. Clarke, and visit to Carlton House, 312, 313,
319-324;
correspondence with Mr. J. Murray, 310, 314, 318, 319;
with Lady Morley, 326;
Walter Scott's article in _Quarterly_, 326-328;
Henry's bankruptcy, 332;
writes out opinions on _Emma_, 328, &c.;
composition of _Persuasion_, 333;
imaginary novel, 337-40;
advises Fanny Knight on love affair, 342, &c.;
advises Anna on a novel, 353, &c.;
letters to Caroline, 363, &c.;
visit to Cheltenham, 373;
failing health, 371, &c.;
cheerful tone in autumn and winter, 375, &c.;
begins new novel, January 1817, and writes for seven weeks, 381;
letters to Fanny, 382, &c.;
makes her will, &c., 384;
death of Mr. Leigh Perrot and his will, 384;
letter to Charles, 384-6;
Caroline's last visit, 386;
move to College Street, Winchester, 388, 389;
a slight amendment, 389;
writes to Edward Austen, 390;
hopeless letter of James, 392;
his wife goes to Winchester, 392, 393;
Jane's patience and resignation, 393, 394;
death (on July 18, 1817), and funeral in Cathedral (July 24),
described in letter from Cassandra to Fanny, 394, &c.;
charm of character and slow growth of fame, 401, 404