Chapter III: Foreword: Book I

CHAPTER I

THE CONQUERING RACE

Its psychological characteristics--Individualism and its aspects--The sentiment of equality--African fanaticism.

CHAPTER II

THE COLONIES OVERSEA

The conquerors--The conquered races--The influence of religion in the new societies--Colonial life.

CHAPTER III

THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE

I. Economic and political aspects of the struggles--Monarchy and the Republic--The leaders: Miranda, Belgrano, Francia, Iturbide, King Pedro I., Artigas, San Martin, Bolivar--Bolivar the Liberator: his ideas and his deeds.

II. Revolutionary ideology--Influence of Rousseau--The rights of man--The example of the United States--English ideas in the constitutional projects of Miranda and Bolivar--European action: Canning--Nationalism versus Americanism.

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CHAPTER IV

MILITARY ANARCHY AND THE INDUSTRIAL PERIOD

Anarchy and dictatorship--The civil wars: their significance--Characteristics of the industrial period.

BOOK II

CHAPTER I

VENEZUELA: PAEZ--GUZMAN-BLANCO

The moral authority of Paez--The Monagas--The tyranny of Guzman-Blanco--Material progress.

CHAPTER II

PERU: GENERAL CASTILLA--MANUEL PARDO--PIEROLA

The political work of General Castilla--Domestic peace--The deposits of guano and saltpetre--Manuel Pardo, founder of the anti-military party--The last _caudillo_--Pierola: his reforms.

CHAPTER III

BOLIVIA: SANTA-CRUZ

Santa-Cruz and the Confederation of Peru and Bolivia--The tyrants Belzu, Molgarejo--The last _caudillos_: Pando, Montes.

CHAPTER IV

URUGUAY: LAVALLEJA--RIVERA--THE NEW _CAUDILLOS_

The factions: Reds and Whites--The leaders: Artigas, Lavalleja, Rivera--The modern period.

CHAPTER V

THE ARGENTINE: RIVADAVIA--QUIROGA--ROSAS

Anarchy in 1820--The _caudillos_: their part in the formation of nationality--A Girondist, Rivadavia--The despotism of Rosas--Its duration and its essential aspects.

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BOOK III

CHAPTER I

MEXICO: THE TWO EMPIRES--THE DICTATORS

The Emperor Iturbide--The conflicts between Federals and Unitarians--The Reformation--The foreign Emperor--The dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz--Material progress and servitude--The Yankee influence.

CHAPTER II

CHILI: A REPUBLIC OF THE ANGLO-SAXON TYPE

Portales and the oligarchy--The ten-years' Presidency--Montt and his influence--Balmaceda the reformer.

CHAPTER III

BRAZIL: THE EMPIRE--THE REPUBLIC

The influence of the Imperial _régime_--A transatlantic Marcus Aurelius--Dom Pedro II.--The Federal Republic.

CHAPTER IV

PARAGUAY: PERPETUAL DICTATORSHIP

Dr. Francia--The opinion of Carlyle--The two Lopez--Tyranny and the military spirit in Paraguay.

BOOK IV

CHAPTER I

COLOMBIA

Conservatives and Radicals--General Mosquera: his influence--A statesman: Raphael Nuñez, his doctrines political.

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CHAPTER II

ECUADOR

Religious conflicts--General Flores and his political labours--Garcia Moreno--The Republic of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.

CHAPTER III

THE ANARCHY OF THE TROPICS--CENTRAL AMERICA--HAYTI--SAN-DOMINGO

Tyrannies and revolutions--The action of climate and miscegenation--A republic of negroes: Hayti.

BOOK V

CHAPTER I

POLITICAL IDEOLOGY

Conservatives and Liberals -- Lastarria -- Bilbao -- Echeverria -- Montalvo -- Vigil -- The Revolution of 1848 and its influence in America--English ideas: Bello, Alberdi--The educationists.

CHAPTER II

THE LITERATURE OF THE YOUNG DEMOCRACIES

Spanish classicism and French romanticism--Their influence in America--Modernism--The work of Ruben Dario--The novel--The _conte_ or short story.

CHAPTER III

THE EVOLUTION OF PHILOSOPHY

Bello--Hostos--The influence of England--Positivism--The influence of Spencer and Fouillée---The sociologists

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BOOK VI

CHAPTER I

ARE THE IBERO-AMERICANS OF LATIN RACE?

Spanish and Portuguese heredity--Latin culture--The influence of the Roman laws, of Catholicism, and of French thought--The Latin spirit in America: its qualities and defects.

CHAPTER II

THE GERMAN PERIL

German Imperialism and the Monroe doctrine--Das Deutschtum and Southern Brazil--What the Brazilians think about it.

CHAPTER III

THE NORTH AMERICAN PERIL

The policy of the United States--The Monroe doctrine: its various aspects--Greatness and decadence of the United States--The two Americas, Latin and Anglo-Saxon.

CHAPTER IV

A POLITICAL EXPERIMENT: CUBA

The work of Spain--The North-American reforms--The future.

CHAPTER V

THE JAPANESE PERIL

The ambitions of the Mikado--The Shin Nippon in Western America--Pacific invasion--Japanese and Americans.

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BOOK VII

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM OF UNITY

The foundations of unity: religion, language, and similarity of development--Neither Europe, nor Asia, nor Africa presents this moral unity in the same degree as Latin America--The future groupings of the peoples: Central America, the Confederation of the Antilles, Greater Colombia, the Confederation of the Pacific, and the Confederation of La Plata--Political and economical aspects of these unions--The last attempts at federation in Central America--The Bolivian Congress--The A.B.C.--the union of the Argentine, Brazil, and Chili.

CHAPTER II

THE PROBLEM OF RACE

The gravity of the problem--The three races, European, Indian, and negro--Their characteristics--The mestizos and mulattos--The conditions of miscegenation according to M. Gustave Le Bon--Regression to the primitive type.

CHAPTER III

THE POLITICAL PROBLEM

The _caudillos_: their action--Revolutions--Divorce between written Constitutions and political life--The future parties--The bureaucracy.

CHAPTER IV

THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM

Loans--Budgets--Paper money--The formation of national capital.