Chapter C: Canon law, 13, 180, 203, 345

Capias, writ of, 357

⸺ for a fine, 379

Capitula itineris, 298

Castleguard, 50

Castration, 252

Celtiberians. See Spaniards, 22

Census, a tax among the Franks, 47

Chancellor of England, 249

⸺ his ancient office, 305

⸺ derivation of his name, _ibid._

⸺ of the Exchequer, 318

Chancery, court of, 249, 300

⸺ ordinary, 304, 310

⸺ extraordinary, 364, 366

Chapters, their origin, 80

Charles I. his claim of ship-money, 172

⸺ his conduct to the Earl of Bristol, 190

⸺ raises money by Knights fines, 208

Charles II. purchases the right of prisage of wines, 73

⸺ abolishes the feudal system, 68, 134, 150

Charles the Bald, 114

Charlemagne, 80, 88

Charters, 211, 281

Church benefices stiled improper feuds, 68

⸺ lands not secured by living evidence, 60

⸺ secured by brevia testata, _ibid._

⸺ revenue of, how antiently distributed, 80

Churchmen. See Clergy

Circuits established by Henry II., 294, 298

Citizens of London, anciently stiled Barons, 187

⸺ their original state, 209

⸺ antiently no part of the body politic, 210

⸺ admitted to vote along with Knights of the Shires, 211

Civil law, 12, 13, 170

⸺ attempted to be introduced by the Princes of Europe, 180

⸺ and by the Pope, 181

⸺ became blended with the feudal, _ibid._

⸺ destructive of freedom, _ibid._

⸺ opposed by the English parliament, _ibid._

⸺ openly countenanced by Richard II., 181

⸺ obligations of a freeman to his patron thereby, 234

Claudian, 46

Clergy, their wealth and importance, 52

⸺ their practice of redeeming slaves, 53

⸺ divested of their possessions by Martel, 54

⸺ supported by the voluntary contributions of the people, 78

⸺ their temporalities how derived, 80

⸺ feudal tenants to the bishop of their precinct, 81

⸺ rendered serviceable to the views of the Pope, 83

⸺ SECULAR, depressed under the Norman Kings, 90

⸺ the only lawyers in the reign of William II., 91, 273

⸺ banished the temporal courts, 91

⸺ celibacy of the, 283

⸺ the only people that could read and writ, 273

⸺ DIGNIFIED, their share in the legislation, 267

⸺ IN FRANCE, make one distinct state, 202

Clothair II., 111

Clovis, 28, 48, 51, 52

Coats of arms, 206

⸺ became hereditary, 290

Coiff of a Serjeant at law, conjecture about its origin, 274

Cojudge, 96

Coke, Lord, 16, 72, 162, 190, 198, 217, 224, 233, 254, 257, 303, 340,
350, 353, 356, 365, 367, 371, 373, 375, 376, 378, 380, 384, 388

Collation to a living, 82

Colleges, 86

Commons, house of, 206, 319

⸺ its present constitution compared with the feudal principles,
211

⸺ its advance in privilege and powers, 214

⸺ whether most inclined to popular or oligarchical influence,
214, 217

Common Pleas, court of, 300, 312, 316

Commentaries on the Laws, how multiplied by the Romans at the time of
Justinian, 4

Commoner, his right of excepting against the Sheriffs return of a
Jury, 204

Commerce, its effect in multiplying laws, 3

⸺ FOREIGN, 153

⸺ regarded by Magna Charta, 380

Commune Concilium, further the designs of William the Conqueror, 264

Commissioners of Customs, 317

⸺ of Excise, 317

⸺ Appeals, _ibid._

Companions of the King or Prince, 30

Constitutions of Clarendon, 203, 275, 325

Coutumier of Normandy, 271

Convocation of the Clergy, 276

Conrad Emperor, 23

Constable, High, of England, 73

Constantine Porphyrogenetus, 22, 45

Convivæ Regis, a title on whom conferred, 51

Copyhold tenants, 324

Corvinus, 77

Cork, kingdom of, 201

Covassals. See Pares curiæ

Councils general, 83

Counts, their origin and employments, 51

⸺ obtain grants of estates for life, 57, 187

Counts. See Earldoms

County court, 104, 247, 248, 296

Counties their origin, 51

⸺ PALATINE, 199

Court of wards, 133, 317

⸺ record, the King’s, its cognizance of covenants to alienate, 149

⸺ merchant, 156

⸺ of the constable, 181

⸺ admiralty, _ibid._

⸺ Tourn, 247, 271

⸺ Sheriffs. See Sheriff

⸺ of the hundred, 247

⸺ Leet, 247, 271

⸺ Baron, 271

Courts of Westminster-Hall, 10

⸺ Ecclesiastical and temporal, their rights settled, 275

⸺ Martial, 363

⸺ of Record, what are such, 271

⸺ not of Record, what are such, _ibid._

Craig, 25

Cranmer, 92

Creation money, 199

Crimes public, what among the Franks, 40

⸺ how punished, 252

Cross, sign of it used in the first written instruments, 60

Curia Regis, judges in that court, 249

⸺ how appointed by William the Conqueror, 270

⸺ the foundation of the Lords judicature in parliament, 249

⸺ their pleadings entered in the Norman language, 270

⸺ divided into four courts, 300

Customs paid on merchandize, 173

⸺ LOCAL; origin of several, 297, 273