Chapter M: Magdeburg, east end, i. 129

Mahometan, architecture, i. 8, 337;
invasions, 11;
ii. 7;
conquest of Syria,
i. 336;
styles, ii. 8;
domical structures, 268, 277, 288.

Maine, i. 75.

Malcolm, King of Scotland, ii. 125.

Malling, Keep of St. Leonard’s, near, ii. 116.

Malmesbury, William of, account of King Edward’s
church at Westminster, ii. 68, 115.

Malmesbury Abbey, doorways at, ii. 149.

Malton, Old, church at, i. 109.

Manor-houses, i. 21.

Mans, Le, i. 141;
tracery at, 162, 326.

Manuscripts, illuminated, i. 203, 327.

Marathon, plain of, ii. 22.

Marbles, Italian, i. 142.

Marburg, treasuries at, i. 329.

Margaret, Queen of Malcolm, King of Scotland, ii. 125.

Mark, St., ii. 264.

Mark’s, St., Venice, i. 44, 82, 180, 337;
ii. 144, 257, 264, 271, 273, 278, 285, 306.

Martin’s, St., in the Fields, London, Welsh groins, ii. 173.

Martin’s, St., Cologne, i. 120.

Martin, St., church of, at Canterbury, founded by St. Augustine, ii. 27, 65;
gallery across transepts, 66;
apsidal chapel, _ibid._

Mary’s, St., Abbey, York, i. 108, 140, 164, 200, 288;
square abacus, 303, 343;
ii. 147.

Mary’s, St., at Gowts, Lincoln, church of, ii. 72.

Maurice, Bishop, ii. 114.

Maxentius, basilica of, i. 52;
ii. 282.

Mayence Cathedral, i. 43;
ii. 144.

Mediæval, architecture, equally classic with
the architecture, of the ancient world, i. 3;
its study, 3, 34, 50;
its claims, 4;
the termination of the history of original
and genuine architecture, 8;
in France, Germany, and Italy, 33, 204;
not produced by chance, 64;
in Italy, 205;
classification of styles, 138;
art, ii. 7, 302;
buildings, early and late, 297.

Mellitus, ii. 29;
founder of St. Paul’s, London, 114.

Merlin, ii. 14.

Merton Chapel, Oxford, i. 287.

Mesopotamia, one of the earliest seats of mental culture, i. 5.

Metal work, i. 20, 22, 34, 43, 203, 271;
ii. 308, 325.

Michael Angelo, ii. 280, 282, 283.

Middle Pointed, i. 347.

Middlesex, churches of, i. 315.

Minerva Medica, Temple of, ii. 234-236, 239, 246, 249, 259.

Modelling, lessons in, i. 339.

Monasteries, early, in Ireland, ii. 16, 20;
of Iona, 21;
of St. Gall, 28;
at Peterborough, 32, 33.

Monks, domestic buildings of the, in early Irish remains, ii. 14.

Monk Wearmouth, western porch at, ii. 24;
monastic church of, 30, 36;
another church at, built by Benedict Biscop, 48;
baluster shafts, 49, 144.

Monthron, near Angoulême, church at, ii. 276.

Montmartre, capitals at, i. 102, 319.

Mosaic, glass, i. 20, 43, 143, 271;
Italian, at Westminster Abbey, 178, 313;
in Italy, 205, 213;
introduction of, into vaulting spaces, ii. 188;
study of, 325;
in Byzantine architecture, 262, 305.

Moulded, bands, i. 150;
capitals, 157.

Mouldings, i. 26, 148;
system of, 48, 248, 250;
base, 150;
enriched, 249;
of the Gothic, Antique, and Romanesque builders, 249;
in Anglo-Saxon work, ii. 37;
in Norman, 101;
of arches, 139.

Moulds of bases of buildings, i. 164.

Mullions, i. 160, 163, 252.

Museums, i. 34, 315;
Architectural Museum, 339;
ii. 324.

N

Naitan, king of the Picts, ii. 30.

Nantwich Church, chancel of, ii. 212.

Natural foliage, i. 153, 355.

Needlework, i. 271.

Nesario and Celso, SS., little church of, at Ravenna, ii. 242, 243.

Nether Hall, i. 314.

Netley Abbey, east window, i. 163, 342.

Nevers, St. Stephen’s at, ii. 89.

Neuss, near Dusseldorf, church at, i. 129.

Neustria, Romanesque of, previous to the ravages of the Northmen, ii. 63.

Newark, fortress at, ii. 135.

Newcastle, fortress at, ii. 135.

Newstead Abbey, west front and carving, i. 199;
tracery, 276;
the study of, 343, 351.

Nicodemus, St., at Athens, ii. 266.

Nile, banks of the, part source of our civilisation and art, ii. 296, 298.

Nimèque, church at, ii. 276.

Nimroud, palace of, ii. 4.

Nocera, baptistery at, ii. 238.

Norfolk, domestic brick architecture of, i. 271;
woodwork of, 300.

Norman, refined, with or without pointed arches, i. 106;
ornaments, 113;
cathedral increased in height in the ratio of one-third, 243;
as a style, 347, 353;
ii. 62, 73, 74, 82;
_pre_-Norman English churches, 19, 26, 35;
period in Irish work, 22, 23;
earlier, in England, 58;
_pre_-conquestal, 3, 59, 72-89;
_pre_-Norman sculpture, 60;
originality of, 63;
mode of building introduced by, _ibid._;
early, 64, 105, 108;
late, at St. Stephen’s at Caen, 67;
first _Anglo_-Norman church, 71;
castle at Lincoln, 72;
cathedral at Lincoln, _ibid._;
doorways, compared with Anglo-Saxon, 76;
windows, 80, 81;
base-courses, impost, and labels, 84;
capitals, _ibid._;
mouldings, 86;
figure sculpture, _ibid._;
surface ornaments, _ibid._;
ideal nave or choir of a church, 87;
ideal church, 90;
perfect typical Norman church, 101;
chosen for King Edward’s church at Westminster, 68;
outline at Norwich, St. Alban’s, and Tewkesbury, 122;
church at Worcester, 123;
cathedral at Selsey, _ibid._;
cathedral, Durham, 125;
colonnettes solid with the piers, 146;
vaulting, 79, 149, 153, 157-160;
at Rochester, 116.

Normans, architectural ambition of, ii. 26;
new manner of building introduced by, 62, 63, 68, 136.

Normandy, i. 33, 45;
architecture of, 318;
ii. 63; early works in, 64.

Normandy, William of, ii. 26.

Northampton, church of St. Peter, ii. 57.

Northern Europe, nations of, ii. 4.

Northmen, incursions of the, i. 40.

Northwold, Bishop, i. 190.

Norwich Castle, Keep of, ii. 135.

Norwich Cathedral, ii. 116, 122, 123, 126;
transept aisle, 90;
central tower, 107, 118;
plan, 118;
apse, apsidal chapel, nave, etc., _ibid._;
cloisters, 217.

Nôtre Dame, Paris, i. 97, 321;
foliage of nave, 100;
capital “à crochet,” 102;
western portals, 126, 144, 166, 321;
west façade, 141.

Noyon Cathedral, i. 62, 326;
description of, 88;
apsidal chapels, 89;
portals to transepts, 91;
columns, 102.

Nuremberg, stone houses, i. 21;
western façade of St. Sibald, 129;
warehouses, 262.

O

Oak effigies, i. 299.

Oakham Castle, capitals in hall, i. 114.

Odo, Archbishop, ii. 27, 29.

Odorico, Italian mosaic worker, i. 178.

Offa, king of Mercia, i. 184;
ii. 95;
his church at St. Alban’s, 102.

Omer, St., round abacus at, i. 155.

Ongar, chapel at Greensted, near, ii. 56.

Oratories, in early Irish remains, ii. 14, 16;
at Hexham, 31;
Brixworth, 40.

Order, or rib, in arch-moulding, i. 248.

Orders, development into, in early Irish remains, ii. 22;
in Norman, 75-77;
sub-orders, 78;
divided, 101.

Oriel windows, i. 265;
ii. 213.

Orme, Philibert de l’, treatise on vaulting, ii. 182.

Ornamentation, of useful features, i. 147.

Oswald, who completed King Edward’s church at York, ii. 29.

Otho III., i. 43;
ii. 261, 306.

Othos, the first three, i. 41;
ii. 74.

Ourscamp, monastery at, i. 326.

Oxford, chapter-house at, i. 286;
Merton Chapel, 287;
St. Peter’s, moulded vaulting ribs, ii. 194;
staircase to the hall, Christ Church, 221;
Divinity schools, 222, 225.

P

Pagan origin of pointed architecture, i. 9, 10.

Pagan tribes, ii. 5;
in Britain, 9, 14.

Painted decoration, i. 34, 203.

Painted glass, i. 22, 34, 147, 203, 297, 357;
in secular work, 361.

Painting, i. 142;
fresco, 213, 271;
figure, 357;
introduction of, into vaulting surfaces, ii. 188;
art of, its origin, 291;
in Egypt, 297.

Palermo, architecture of, ii. 8.

Paley, Mr., ii. 57.

Palgrave, Sir Francis, ii. 125, 130.

Panels of vaulting, i. 60.

Pantaleon, St., Cologne, i. 278, 279;
ii. 12, 25.

Pantheon, i. 271;
ii. 231-234, 237, 244, 246, 253, 260-262, 282, 283.

Parapets, i. 256, 258.

Paris, district round, i. 33;
Nôtre Dame, 97, 100, 102, 126, 141, 144, 166, 321;
St Germain des Près, 62, 65, 85, 92;
Montmartre, 102, 319;
the focus of the transition, 73;
Sainte Chapelle, 103, 183, 324;
architecture of, 318;
Hôtel Cluny, 324;
St. Julien le Pauvre, 97, 320.

Paris, Matthew, account of King Edward’s church at Westminster, ii. 68.

Parker’s, Mr., “Glossary,” ii. 56;
paper on St. Stephen’s at Caen, 66.

Parliament Houses, London, difficulty of finding suitable stone for, i. 222.

Parthenon, i. 18.

Parthians who used the semi-elliptical arch, ii. 179.

Patricus or St. Patrick, ii. 13.

Paul, monk of St. Stephen’s at Caen, ii. 95;
rebuilt St. Alban’s, 96, 99, 104.

Paulinus, Roman missionary, ii. 29, 30, 50.

Paul’s, St., London, bar-tracery at, i. 163;
ii. 114, 280-299;
section of dome founded on the pointed arch, 282;
scheme of the plan, 287.

Peace, Temple of, ii. 282, 283.

Peckham, Archbishop, tomb of, i. 140, 184, 308.

Pedestals, of doorways, i. 87;
fluted, 93.

Pedestrian tours, i. 31.

Pelasgi, pointed arch foreshadowed in works of the, i. 66;
Cyclopean walls of the, ii. 300.

Pendentives, ii. 242-257, 281, 282;
give place to corbels in many French churches, 276.

Penshurst, halls at, i. 276, 343.

Pericles, period of, ii. 4;
historians and philosophers of the days of, 300, 312.

Perigord, domical churches of, i. 76.

Perigueux, St. Front at, ii. 271-273, 278.

Persepolis, Hall of Xerxes, ii. 299.

Pershore, church at, i. 90;
ii. 122.

Persia, succeeded Egypt and Assyria in art and dominion, i. 5;
ii. 298, 299, 301;
structures of, 245, 304.

Persians, incursions of the, i. 11;
Romanesque builders and ornaments of the, 134.

Peterborough, monastery at, ii, 32, 33;
abbots of, who erected the church at Brixworth, 40.

Peterborough Cathedral, i. 191;
ii. 33, 99;
transept aisles, 90;
eastern end, 113.

Peter’s, St., Rome, ii. 115, 253, 280-289;
section of dome founded on the pointed arch, 282;
scheme of the plan, 287.

Peter’s, St., at Gowts, Lincoln, ii. 72.

Petit, Mr., definition of the Norman style, ii. 73.

Petrie, Mr., on early Irish remains, ii. 15, 17.

Pharos, Roman, on the Castle-hill, Dover, ii. 43.

Phidias, period of, ii. 4.

Philibert de l’Orme, his treatise on vaulting, ii. 182.

Philip Augustus, i. 140.

Picts, devastations of the, ii. 13.

Piers, ii. 76;
subdivision of, i. 48;
and arches, 225;
decorated shafts substituted for, ii. 76;
orders, 76, 78;
clustered, 78, 146-148, 151;
in vaulting, 79, 158;
development of, 80, 143;
of Roman brick, 97;
pilaster capitals to, 140.

Pietro, Italian mosaic-worker, i. 179.

Pilasters, in Anglo-Saxon work, ii. 36-38, 42, 45, 51, 52, 58, 76;
in Norman vaulting, 80, 156, 158;
used asbuttresses in Norman, 82, 102, 103;
capitals to, 140;
jambs of arcades converted into, _ibid._;
to doorways, 149.

Pillars, forms determined by vaulting, i. 63;
constructional and decorative, 146;
varieties of, 149;
moulded bands to, 150;
bases, _ibid._;
their development, ii. 143, 146.

Pinnacles, i. 147, 237.

Pisa Cathedral, i. 44.

Pisan architecture, i. 84.

Planning, freedom of, i. 266, 274.

Plantagenet kings, our early, lie buried,
and effigies of, at the abbey church of Fontevrault, ii. 261, 275.

Plate-tracery, i. 161;
ii. 152.

Plinths, i. 151;
square, octagonal, and round, 152.

Poictiers, St. Jean at, ii. 12.

Pointed arch, connection with Saracenic
architecture, i. 13;
advantages of, 19;
early use of, in south of France, 54;
in vaulting, 52, 71;
theory as to the introduction of, 57, 65;
ii. 108, 181;
adoption magical, i. 68;
systematic introduction into France,;
at St. Denis, 79;
at Noyon, 88;
adopted from structural and mechanical necessity, 235;
æsthetical reasons for the, 242.

Pointed architecture, claims of, i. 4, 14, 17;
love for, 3;
said by some to be the property of the Roman Church, 8;
Christian style, 9;
originally Pagan, 9;
essentially our own style, 14;
intrinsic claims, 17;
beauty of external outline, 26;
in Germany, 33, 141;
English revival, 36;
Italian, 142;
a more advanced stage of Romanesque, 50, 144, 145;
English, 112, 341;
leading characteristics of, 146;
ii. 2, 5;
doorways in, 77;
transition of Norman into, 131;
the culminating Christian architecture of our
group of nations in the West, 308.

Poole, Mr. Ayliffe, ii. 57.

Porch, at Ely, i. 126, 139, 144, 167, 189;
ii. 151;
Anglo-Saxon, at Bradford, Wilts, 46;
western, at Barton-upon-Humber, 53;
gabled, at Monk Wearmouth, 49.

Portals, French and English, i. 166.

Practical study of Gothic architecture, i. 331, 344.

Prague, precious stones used in building chapel at, i. 271.

Pre-Norman English churches, ii. 19, 26, 35, 39, 44;
sculpture, 60;
buildings, 61.

Près, St. Germain des, i. 62, 319;
choir vaulting, 65, 92;
western doorway, 87, 92;
description of church, 91;
capitals, 92;
triforium and clerestory, 118.

Pretenders in the study of Gothic architecture,
who practise as architects, i. 350.

Primitive art, i. 5.

Procopius, ii. 244, 249.

Proportion, in columns, etc., i. 49;
rejection of fixed rules in, 230;
arbitrary rules of, ii. 178.

Provence, architecture of, i. 44, 45.

Pudsey, Bishop, i. 106, 120.

Pugin, his “Contrasts,” “True Principles of
Pointed or Christian Architecture,” and “Apology,” ii. 319.

Puy, Le, architecture at, i. 99.

Pyramids, ii. 4, 297.

Q

Quenqueville, church of, Normandy, ii. 12.

Quentin, St., angular abacus at, i. 156.

Quoins in Anglo-Saxon work, ii. 36, 43.

R

Ramsey Abbey, ii. 33.

Ravenna, Byzantine, i. 40;
ii. 259, 261;
baptistery at, 238, 239, 249, 259;
church of SS. Nesario and Celso, 242.

Recessed orders, ii. 37, 75-77, 101.

Regulus, St., at St. Andrews, church of, ii. 24.

Religion, influence of, on architecture, i. 9, 49.

Remigius, work of, at Lincoln, i. 303;
ii. 94.

Renaissance, the, ii. 279;
completion of the dome of the cathedral at Florence during the, 288;
early architects of the, 314.

Renaissance, Gothic, i. 347;
ii. 317-328.

Repair of ancient buildings, i. 363.

Rere-arches, i. 281 _et seq._

Reredos, Westminster Abbey, i. 181.

Restoration of ancient buildings, i. 363-365;
in the days of Canute, ii. 35.

“Revival of Letters,” ii. 293.

Revival, works of the, merit of, i. 2;
of mediæval architecture, 3;
of styles, 208, 340, 346;
traditional phase in the, 346;
to be distinctly English, 351.

Rheims, St. Remi, i. 103.

Rheims Cathedral, i. 18, 21, 141, 326;
apsidal columns, 155;
sculpture at, ii. 312.

Rhineland, i. 45.

Ribs, groin, i. 59, 238, 246, 274, 344;
introduction of diagonal, 239.

Ribs in vaulting, ii. 80, 177, 191-193, 207-209, 192, 193, 207, 216, 217.

Richard Cœur de Lion, tomb of, ii. 275.

Richard le Bon, ii. 67.

Ridel, Bishop, i. 111.

Rims; see Orders.

Ripon Cathedral, i. 200;
Roger’s Choir, 109;
capitals, 123;
St. Wilfrid’s church at, ii. 31;
crypt, 32.

Rivaulx Abbey, i. 122, 201, 286.

Roche Abbey, i. 109.

Rochester Cathedral, ii. 27, 29, 116;
triforium of, 66;
Gundulph, bishop of, 116;
Castle, 116;
Keep at, 135.

Roger, Bishop, i. 108, 109, 120.

Rollo, i. 44.

Roman brick, ii. 37, 40, 41, 44, 52;
at St. Alban’s, 75;
from Verulam, 97;
and tiles, 102.

Roman, construction, i. 219;
old, manner of building, ii. 5, 9, 35;
vaulting, 156;
baths, 180;
in Britain, 13;
Pharos, Castle-hill, Dover, 43;
architecture, 137, 138, 145.

Romane; see Romanesque.

Romanesque, i. 13;
in France and Germany, 15, 33;
ii. 7;
cathedrals of Germany, i. 43;
refined variety of, 44;
leading characteristics, 48;
religious to the utmost extreme, 49;
ornamentation, 70, 81;
Pointed Gothic but an advanced stage of, 50;
vaulted churches, 51;
refinement of, 70;
Corinthianesque style of foliage, 77;
crypt at St. Denis, 80;
transepts at Tournay, 90;
English, 104, 337;
transition from, 123;
windows, 159, 161;
builders, 221;
cathedral bay, 243;
of Southern Europe, 254, 337;
in Normandy, 327;
manner of building, ii. 6;
primitive, 11;
of the North of France, 62, 63, 64;
style, 73, 75;
elements of, 75;
perfect varieties, 82;
abacus, 94;
arch-mouldings, 142;
early, 306;
of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, 308.

Romano-British reminiscences, ii. 60.

Romans, vaulting used by the, i. 52, 57;
their pointed arch, 66;
ii. 304;
architecture of the, i. 336;
ii. 303, 304;
want of refinement in the details of, 304;
greatly extended the capabilities of classic architecture, _ibid._;
late buildings of the, in Syria, 305.

Rome, her arts and literature, i. 5;
early architecture of, 45;
early windows of, 250;
empire of, ii. 4, 297;
architecture of, 6;
St. Peter’s, 115, 253, 280-289;
St. Paul without the Walls, and St. John Lateran, 146;
Pantheon, i. 271;
ii. 231-234, 237, 244, 246, 253, 260, 262, 282, 283;
Temple of Minerva Medica, 234-236, 239, 246, 249, 259;
Temple of Vesta, 237;
Tomb of St. Constantia, 237, 238.

Romsey Minster, ii. 108.

Roof-plate, stone, i. 258.

Roofs, i. 19, 254, 274, 327;
timber of early basilicas, 51;
high pitch, 255;
timber, ii. 136.

Rosette, the, i. 248.

Rose-windows, ii. 218.

Rouen, i. 141;
doorways, western façade, 87.

Round arch, outward pressure of, i. 233.

Round-arched Gothic, i. 70;
ii. 5, 8, 134, 178;
vaulting, 153-168, 191;
vaulting of oblong bays, 163;
vaulting with raised ridges, 171.

Rufus, King, ii. 107, 113, 117, 127.

Ruins, i. 31;
their decay, 32.

Runic ornamentation, i. 41.

Ruskin, Mr., i. 349;
on classic capitals, ii. 302.

Rye House, i. 314.

S

Sainte Chapelle, i. 183, 324;
capitals “à crochet,” 103;
vaulting of the crypt, ii. 204, 222.

Salisbury Cathedral, i. 18, 140;
ii. 311;
north porch, i. 167;
space between rere-arch and glass plane groined in some windows at, 283;
rere-arch windows, 286;
chapter-house, 288, 343;
ii. 184, 210;
cloisters, i. 343;
Lady Chapel, ii. 204, 222.

Salzenberg’s “Old Christian Architecture at Constantinople,” ii. 258.

Sangallo, drawings of, preserved in the Barberini library, ii. 236, 280.

Saracenic, traces of, in pointed architecture, i. 8, 9, 13, 133;
ornament used by Romanesque builders, 134.

Saracens, incursions, i. 40;
pointed arch of the, 67, 133;
Corinthian capital foreshadowed in works of the, 133.

Sassanians, Corinthian capital foreshadowed in works of the, i. 133.

Saxon, structures in England not unlike those of northern France, i. 41;
Switzerland, _ibid._;
architecture, 42, 44.

Saxons, Pagan, ii. 3;
early efforts of the, 7;
invasion of the, into Britain, 9.

Saxony, i. 42.

Scandinavia, ii. 11, 62.

Schatzzimmer or treasury, valuables found in German churches, i. 328.

Science, modern, in works, i. 271.

Scind, European engineers in, i. 237.

Scotia, i. 152.

Scotland, the transition in, i. 341;
early buildings in, ii. 12, 13, 21, 24.

Scott, Sir Gilbert, his love of Gothic architecture
absolutely spontaneous, ii. 316;
some account of personal reminiscences of the
Gothic renaissance, 317-328.

Scott, Sir Walter, ii. 316.

Sculpture, i. 34, 50, 142, 148, 274;
ii. 291, 297, 325;
figure, i. 22, 327;
foliated, 25, 339;
in doorways, 258;
Greek, 336, 356;
drawing from, 339;
animal, 357;
pre-Norman, ii. 60.

Sebert, King of Essex, ii. 114.

Selby Abbey, i. 109;
ii. 126;
choir aisles, i. 287.

Selsey, ancient see of, ii. 123.

Senlis, Cathedral and Church at, i. 326.

Sens, William of, i. 85, 112, 113, 117.

Sens Cathedral, i. 95, 326;
description of, 96;
capitals, 97, 102, 113;
compared with St. Cross, 125;
use of the pointed arch in the vaulting, ii. 181.

Sergius and Bacchus, SS., at Constantinople, ii. 248, 259.

Seventeenth century domestic work, i. 340.

Sexpartite vaulting, i. 63;
ii. 196.

Shafts, use of, i. 49;
full-length figures attached to, 80, 87;
subsidiary, 149.

Sherborne Minster, ii. 220.

Shingle, i. 256.

Shoreham, i. 202.

Shrines, i. 327;
jewelled, at Marburg, 329.

Sibald, St., at Nuremburg, western façade, i. 129.

Sicily, Corinthianesque type in the capitals of the Moors in, i. 84;
architecture of, ii. 8.

Sienna, cathedral at, ii. 263.

Silver-work, i. 345.

Sistine Chapel, ii. 173.

Sixteenth century domestic work, i. 340.

Skelton, chapel at, i. 21.

Skelton Church, i. 200.

Sketching, i. 31, 32, 339;
advice for, 301, 318, 329, 330, 333, 345.

Smirke, Mr., ii. 1, 290, 314;
on the classic revival, 316.

Soissons, i. 326.

Sompting, Essex, tower at, ii. 53.

Sophia, St., Constantinople, i. 273;
ii. 244, 246, 260, 264-266, 282.

Souillac, pointed domes at, ii. 273.

Southwark, St. Saviour’s, i. 171, 314;
ii. 324;
clerestory vaulting, 187;
Lady Chapel, 205;
choir, _ibid._

Southwell, choir and chapter house, i. 199, 343.

Spain, ii. 8.

Spalatro, Diocletian’s palace at, ii. 237.

Spanish architecture, i. 330.

Spire Cathedral, i. 43.

Stained glass, i. 34, 147, 251, 297, 327, 357;
ii. 325.

Stair-turrets, octagonal, at Ely, ii. 113;
Norman, at Christchurch, 131.

Stalls, chancel, i. 327.

Stamford, St. Leonard’s Priory, ii. 151.

Stamford, St. Mary’s and All Saints, i. 194.

Steeples, typical, on the Rhine, ii. 53.

Stephano, San, at Bologna, ii. 262.

Stephen’s, St., at Caen, ii. 64;
first abbot of, 65;
gallery to transepts, 66;
apsidal chapel on the triforium level, _ibid._;
choir, _ibid._;
western towers, _ibid._;
piers, _ibid._;
vaulting to the nave, 67;
bases, 72;
plan, 96;
transepts doubly aisled, 105;
capitals, 120;
crypt, 157.

Stephen’s, St., at Nevers, ii. 89.

Stephen’s, St., at Perigueux, ii. 273.

Stephen’s, St., Westminster, i. 183, 343;
crypt, ii 212, 216;
cloisters, 220.

Stilting, in vaulting, i. 57;
ii. 163-165, 172;
to narrow arches of oblong groining, i. 65, 242;
to semicircles, ii. 179.

Stone church near Gravesend, i. 188, 314;
windows, 283.

Stone, houses, i. 21;
carving, 22;
slate, 256.

Stonehenge, ii. 9.

Stow, Lincolnshire, church at, ii. 50.

Strasbourg Cathedral, i. 18.

String-courses, Anglo-Saxon, ii. 38, 45, 52.

Styles, choice of, or preference for, different mediæval, i. 340, 346.

Stylites, St. Simeon, dome erected over the pillar of, ii. 305.

Sugar, Abbot, of St. Denis, i. 77, 105, 128, 129.

Sweyn, King, destructions of, ii. 28, 34, 54, 58, 67, 114.

Symeon, Abbot, his work at Ely, ii. 108.

Syria, Central, ruined cities of, i. 336;
Byzantine remains in, ii. 141, 305.

Syria, old architecture of, ii. 305.

T

Tapestry, i. 22, 204, 271, 329.

Tavistock Place, specimen of the untutored house-builder, ii. 315.

Temple area at Jerusalem, double gate and golden gate of, ii. 243.

Temple Balsal, i. 183, 287.

Temple Church, London, i. 119, 174, 202, 286;
ii. 324;
circular aisle, 184, 205.

Temples, sources of nearly all forms of architecture, i. 9;
character of interiors, 26;
our own form of church the direct inheritance from the earliest, 338;
ii. 237, 238;
the dome as the central point of Christian temples, 245.

Tenth century, i. 47.

Tesselated pavements at Florence, ii. 262.

Teutonic tribes, ii. 5.

Tewkesbury Abbey, i. 90; ii. 122;
central tower, 107, 122, 135.

Texier and Pullans “Byzantine Architecture,” ii. 258.

Thatch, i. 256.

Thebaid, deserts of, ii. 20.

Theodoric, structures erected by, i. 39.

Theotokos, church of the Holy, Constantinople, ii. 257.

Thirteenth century, i. 6, 47;
rigour of the system of vaulting in the, 64;
magnificent capitals in French work of the, 85, 137;
work in England, 139;
work in France, 140, 204, 322, 323, 349;
work in Germany, 141, 204;
principles of design with reference to ultimate intention
strongly marked in French works of the, 247.

Through-arch windows, i. 282.

Tigris, banks of the, part source of our civilisation and art, ii. 296, 298.

Tiles, plain, i. 256.

Timber, street fronts, i. 21;
roofs, 22, 55;
work, 345;
roofs, seating, and screens of Norfolk and Suffolk, 300;
building of the Pagan tribes in Britain, ii. 9;
in pre-Norman England, 26;
temporary church of, at York, 29;
imitation construction in Anglo-Saxon work, 36, 38, 58;
chapel at Greensted, Essex, 56.

Tintern Abbey, i. 140, 164, 286, 433;
chapter-house, 285.

Tithe-barns, i. 21.

Tivoli, Temple of Vesta at, ii. 237.

Tomaso, San, at Lymine, near Bajamo, ii. 262.

Tombs, rock-cut, of Egypt, ii. 297;
at Beni Hassan, 298.

Toothed ornament, i. 248;
ii. 151.

Torcello, church at, ii. 306.

Torre dei Schiavi, dome of the, ii. 237.

Torrigiano, work of, at Westminster, i. 312.

Torus, i. 151.

Touloun, mosque of, at Cairo, ii. 144.

Tournay, transepts at, i. 90.

Tours, tracery at, i. 162.

Tower of London, chapel of St. John, i. 313;
ii. 88, 93, 116, 120, 130, 135, 162, 324;
semi-dome of, 277;
apsidal aisle, 165, 183.

Towers and spires of Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire, i. 300.

Towers, round, of Ireland, ii. 25;
in Anglo-Saxon work, 37, 38, 40-49, 58;
between Lincoln and the Humber, 72.

Town-halls, i. 21, 260.

Trabeated architecture, i. 18, 45, 46, 274;
ii. 5, 73, 136, 138, 140, 303;
difficulty of carrying out, on a large scale, i. 222;
in its truest form, 263.

Tracery, plate, i. 161;
bar, 162;
in parapets, 258;
window, 276, 282, 342, 353;
ii. 142.

Transitional style, i. 69;
first developed in the Royal domain of France, 73;
English, 70, 75, 103, 134, 247, 337, 341;
German, 75, 128, 134;
Italian, 75;
French, 75-103, 134;
characteristics of English and French works of the, compared, 123, 127;
in Wales and Scotland, 341;
a second English, 342;
its study, _ibid._;
early, 347;
at Ely, ii. 113;
Canterbury, 197;
Lincoln, _ibid._;
St. David’s, _ibid._;
church of La Citè at Perigueux agreeing with our own, 273.

Transverse, ribs, ii. 182, 191;
arches, Henry VII.’s Chapel, 224.

Treasures, at Cologne, i. 328;
at Marburg, 329.

Triangular heads to doors and windows in Anglo-Saxon work, ii. 37.

Triforium, i. 56, 90;
openings in the, 161;
at St. Stephen’s, Caen, ii. 66;
in Norman work, 87;
at Norwich, 118;
Gloucester, 121;
gallery of churches, 152.

Trophimus, St., at Arles, i. 99, 229.

Trumpington, Abbot William de, i. 185.

Tudor style of window tracery, i. 277.

Tufa used in early vaulting for the continuous arched surface, ii. 191.

Tuille, Limosin, church at, i. 123.

Turgot, Prior, ii. 126.

Tuscan order, ii. 10.

Twelfth century, efforts to correct construction and refine
decoration in the, i. 233; ii. 8;
principles of design with reference to the ultimate intention
strongly marked in French works of the, i. 247;
St. Cormac’s Chapel at Cashel erected in the, ii. 23;
artists of the, 178.

Tympanum at Amiens, i. 166.

Tynemouth Abbey, i. 120;
eastern part, 284;
ii. 197.