Chapter C: P. Moritz, a young Prussian clergyman who published an account of (1)

a pedestrian tour that he made in England in the year 1782, thus describes Lichfield as he saw it on a day in June:--

'At noon I got to Lichfield, an old-fashioned town with narrow dirty streets, where for the first time I saw round panes of glass in the windows. The place to me wore an unfriendly appearance; I therefore made no use of my recommendation, but went straight through and only bought some bread at a baker's, which I took along with me.'--_Travels in England in 1782_, p. 140, by C. P. Moritz. Cassell's National Library, 1886.

The 'recommendation' was an introduction to an inn given him by the daughter of his landlord at Sutton, who told him 'that the people in Lichfield were, in general, very proud.' Travelling as he did, on foot and without luggage, he was looked upon with suspicion at the inns, and often rudely refused lodging.

_Richard Baxter's doubt_.

(Vol. ii, p. 477.)

The Rev. J. Hamilton Davies [See _ante_, p. xlix. 1] informs me that there can be no doubt that Johnson referred to the following passage in _Reliquiae Baxterianae_, folio edition of 1696, p. 127:--

'This is another thing which I am changed in; that whereas in my younger days I was never tempted to doubt of the Truth of Scripture or Christianity, but all my Doubts and Fears were exercised at home, about my own Sincerity and Interest in Christ--since then my sorest assaults have been on the other side, and such they were, that had I been void of internal Experience, and the adhesion of Love, and the special help of God, and had not discerned more Reason for my Religion than I did when I was younger, I had certainly apostatized to Infidelity,' &c.

Johnson, the day after he recorded his 'doubt,' wrote that he was 'troubled with Baxter's _scruple_' (_ante_, ii. 477). The 'scruple' was, perhaps, the same as the 'doubt.' In his _Dictionary_ he defines _scruple_ as _doubt; difficulty of determination; perplexity; generally about minute things_.

_Oxford in 1782_.

(Vol. iii, p. 13, n. 3.)

The Rev. C. P. Moritz (_ante_, p. liv) gives a curious account of his visit to Oxford. On his way from Dorchester on the evening of a Sunday in June, he had been overtaken by the Rev. Mr. Maud, who seems to have been a Fellow and Tutor of Corpus College[3], and who was returning from doing duty in his curacy. It was late when they arrived in the town. Moritz, who, as I have said, more than once had found great difficulty in getting a bed, had made up his mind to pass the summer night on a stonebench in the High Street. His comrade would not hear of this, but said that he would take him to an ale-house where 'it is possible they mayn't be gone to bed, and we may yet find company.' This ale-house was the Mitre.

'We went on a few houses further, and then knocked at a door. It was then nearly twelve. They readily let us in; but how great was my astonishment when, on being shown into a room on the left, I saw a great number of clergymen, all with their gowns and bands on, sitting round a large table, each with his pot of beer before him. My travelling companion introduced me to them as a German clergyman, whom he could not sufficiently praise for my correct pronunciation of the Latin, my orthodoxy, and my good walking.

'I now saw myself in a moment, as it were, all at once transported into the midst of a company, all apparently very respectable men, but all strangers to me. And it appeared to me extraordinary that I should thus at midnight be in Oxford, in a large company of Oxonian clergy, without well knowing how I had got there. Meanwhile, however, I took all the pains in my power to recommend myself to my company, and in the course of conversation I gave them as good an account as I could of our German universities, neither denying nor concealing that now and then we had riots and disturbances. "Oh, we are very unruly here, too," said one of the clergymen, as he took a hearty draught out of his pot of beer, and knocked on the table with his hand. The conversation now became louder, more general, and a little confused. ... At last, when morning drew near, Mr. Maud suddenly exclaimed, "D-n me, I must read prayers this morning at All Souls!" "D-n me" is an abbreviation of "G-d d-n me," which in England does not seem to mean more mischief or harm than any of our or their common expletives in conversation, such as "O gemini!" or "The deuce take me!" ... I am almost ashamed to own, that next morning, when I awoke, I had got so dreadful a headache from the copious and numerous toasts of my jolly and reverend friends that I could not possibly get up. --_Travels in England in 1782_, by C. P. Moritz, p. 123.

[Footnote 3: No such person appears in the _Catalogue of Graduates_.]

_Dr. Lettsom_.

(Vol. in, p. 68.)

Boswell in an _Ode to Mr. Charles Dilly_, published in the _Gent. Mag._ for 1791, p. 367, says that Dr. Lettsom 'Refutes pert Priestley's nonsense.'

_William Vachell_.

(Vol. iii, p. 83, n. 3.)

Mr. George Parker of the Bodleian Library informs me that William Vachell had been tutor to Prince Esterhazy, and that for many years he held the appointment of 'Pumper,' or Lessee of the baths at Bath. In 1776 and 1777 he paid as rental for them to the Corporation £525. He died on November 26, 1789. According to Mr. Ivor Vachell (_Notes and Queries_, 6th S. vii. 327), it was his eldest son who signed the Round Robin.

_Johnson and Baretti_.

(Vol. iii, p. 96, n. 1.)

Baretti in his _Tolondron_, p. 145, gives an account of a difference between himself and Johnson. Johnson sent to ask him to call on him, but Baretti was leaving town. When he returned the time for a reconciliation had passed, for Johnson was dead.

_English pulpit eloquence_.

(Vol. iii, p. 248.)

'Upon the whole, which is preferable, the philosophic method of the English, or the rhetoric of the French preachers? The first (though less glorious) is certainly safer for the preacher. It is difficult for a man to make himself ridiculous, who proposes only to deliver plain sense on a subject he has thoroughly studied. But the instant he discovers the least pretensions towards the sublime or the pathetic, there is no medium; we must either admire or laugh; and there are so many various talents requisite to form the character of an orator that it is more than probable we shall laugh.' --_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 118.

_Bishop Percy's communications to Boswell relative to Johnson_.

(Vol. iii, p. 278, n. 1.)

'JAMES BOSWELL TO BISHOP PERCY.

"9 April, 1790.

"As to suppressing your Lordship's name when relating the very few anecdotes of Johnson with which you have favoured me, I will do anything to oblige your Lordship but that very thing. I owe to the authenticity of my work, to its respectability, and to the credit of my illustrious friends [? friend] to introduce as many names of eminent persons as I can... Believe me, my Lord, you are not the only bishop in the number of great men with which my pages are graced. I am quite resolute as to this matter." '--Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 313.

_Sir Thomas Brown's remark 'Do the devils lie? No; for then Hell could not subsist._'

(Vol. iii, p. 293.)

This remark, whether it is Brown's or not, may have been suggested by Milton's lines in _Paradise Lost_, ii. 496-9, or might have suggested them:--

'O shame to men! devil with devil damn'd
Firm concord holds, men only disagree
Of creatures rational.'

_Johnson on the advantages of having a profession or business_.

(Vol. iii, p. 309, n. 1.)

'Dr. Johnson was of opinion that the happiest as well as the most virtuous persons were to be found amongst those who united with a business or profession a love of literature.' --Seward's _Biographiana_, p. 599.

_Johnson's trips to the country_.

(Vol. iii, p. 453.)

I have omitted to mention Johnson's visit to 'Squire Dilly's mansion at Southill in June, 1781 (_ante_, iv. 118-132).

_Citations of living authors in Johnson's Dictionary_.

(Vol. iv, p. 4, n. 3.)

Johnson cites _Irene_ under _impostures_, and Lord Lyttelton under _twist_.

_Dr. Parrs evening with Dr. Johnson_. (Vol. iv, p. 15.)

The Rev. John Rigaud, B.D., Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, has kindly sent me the following anecdote of the meeting of Johnson and Parr:--

'I remember Dr. Routh, the old President of Magdalen, telling me of an interview and conversation between Dr. Johnson and Dr. Parr, in the course of which the former made use of some expression respecting the latter, which considerably wounded and offended him. "Sir," he said to Dr. Johnson, "you know that what you have just said will be known in four-and-twenty hours over this vast metropolis." Upon which Dr. Johnson's manner altered, his eye became calm, and he put out his hand, and said, "Forgive me, Parr, I didn't quite mean it." "But," said the President, with an amused and amusing look, "_I never could get him to tell me what it was Dr. Johnson had said!_" He spoke of seeing Dr. Johnson going up the steps into University College, dressed, I think, in a snuff-coloured coat.'

Dr. Martin Joseph Routh, who was President of Magdalen College for sixty-four years, was born in 1755 and died on December 22, 1854.

'_Solamen miseris socios habuisse doloris_.'

(Vol. iv, p. 181, n. 3.)

Malone's note on _The Rape of Lucrece_ must have been, not as I conjectured on line 1111, but on lines 1581-2:--

'It easeth some, though none it ever cured,
To think their dolour others have endured.'

With these lines may be compared Satan's speech in _Paradise Regained_, Book i, lines 399-402:--

'Long since with woe
Nearer acquainted, now I feel by proof,
That fellowship in pain divides not smart,
Nor lightens aught each man's peculiar load.'

_Richard Baxter's rule of preaching_.

(Vol. iv, p. 185.)

The Rev. J. Hamilton Davies [See _ante_, p. xlix.] has furnished me with the following extract from _Reliquiae Baxterianae_, ed. 1696, p. 93, in illustration of Johnson's statement:--

'And yet I did usually put in something in my Sermon which was above their own discovery, and which they had not known before; and this I did, that they might be kept humble, and still perceive their ignorance, and be willing to keep in a learning state. (For when Preachers tell their People of no more than they know, and do not shew that they excel them in knowledge, and easily overtop them in Abilities, the People will be tempted to turn Preachers themselves, and think that they have learnt all that the Ministers can teach them, and are as wise as they------). And this I did also to increase their knowledge; and also to make Religion pleasant to them, by a daily addition to their former Sight, and to draw them on with desire and Delight.'

_Opposition to Sir Joshua Reynolds in the Royal Academy_.

(Vol. iv, p. 219, n. 4.)

'JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ., TO BISHOP PERCY. '12 March, 1790.

'Sir Joshua has been shamefully used by a junto of the Academicians. I live a great deal with him, and he is much better than you would suppose.' --Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 313.

_Richard Baxter on the possible salvation of a Suicide_. (Vol. iv, p. 225.)

The Rev. J. Hamilton Davies writes to me that 'Dr. Johnson's quotation about suicide must surely be wrong. I have no recollection in any of Baxter's _Works_ of such a statement, and it is in direct contradiction to all that is known of his sentiments. 'Mr. Davies sends me the following passage, which possibly Johnson might have very imperfectly remembered:--

'The commonest cause [of suicide] is melancholy, &c. Though there be much more hope of the salvation of such as want the use of their understandings, because so far it may be called involuntary, yet it is a very dreadful case, especially so far as reason remaineth in any power.' --Baxter's _Christian Directory, edited by Orme, part iv, p. 138.

_Haslitt's report of Baxter's Sermon_.

(Vol. iv, p. 226, n. 2.)

The Rev. J. Hamilton Davies tells me that he 'entirely disbelieves that Baxter said, "Hell was paved with infants' skulls." The same thing, or something very like it, has been said of Calvin, but I could never,' Mr. Davies continues, 'find it in his Works.' He kindly sends me the following extract from _Reliquiae Baxterianae_, ed. 1696, p. 24:--

'Once all the ignorant Rout were raging mad against me for preaching the Doctrine of Original Sin to them, and telling them that Infants before Regeneration had so much Guilt and Corruption, as made them loathsome in the Eyes of God: whereupon they vented it abroad in the Country, That I preached that God hated, or loathed Infants; so that they railed at me as I passed through the streets. The next Lord's Day, I cleared and confirmed it, and shewed them that if this were not true, their Infants had no need of Christ, of Baptism, or of Renewing by the Holy Ghost. And I asked them whether they durst say that their Children were saved without a Saviour, and were no Christians, and why they baptized them, with much more to that purpose, and afterwards they were ashamed and as mute as fishes.'

_Johnson on an actor's transformation_.

(Vol. iv, p. 244.)

Boswell in his _Remarks on the Profession of a Player_ (Essay ii), first printed in the _London Magazine_ for 1770, says:--

'I remember to have heard the most illustrious authour of this age say: "If, Sir, Garrick believes himself to be every character that he represents he is a madman, and ought to be confined. Nay, Sir, he is a villain, and ought to be hanged. If, for instance, he believes himself to be Macbeth he has committed murder, he is a vile assassin who, in violation of the laws of hospitality as well as of other principles, has imbrued his hands in the blood of his King while he was sleeping under his roof. If, Sir, he has really been that person in his own mind, he has in his own mind been as guilty as Macbeth." '--Nichols's _Literary History_, ed. 1848, vii. 373.

_Sir John Flayer 'On the Asthma_.'

(Vol. iv, p. 353.)

Johnson, writing from Ashbourne to Dr. Brocklesby on July 20, 1784, says: 'I am now looking into Floyer who lived with his asthma to almost his ninetieth year.' Mr. Samuel Timmins, the author of _Dr. Johnson in Birmingham_, informs me that he and two friends of his lately found in Lichfield a Lending Book of the Cathedral Library. Among the entries for 1784 was: '_Sir John Floyer on the Asthma_, lent to Dr. Johnson.' Johnson, no doubt, had taken the book with him to Ashbourne.

Mr. Timmins says that the entries in this Lending Book unfortunately do not begin till about 1760 (or later). 'If,' he adds, 'the earlier Lending Book could be found, it would form a valuable clue to books which Johnson may have borrowed in his youth and early manhood.'

_Boswell's expectations from Burke_.

(Vol. iv, p. 223, n. 2; and p. 258, n. 2.)

Boswell, in May 1783, mentioned to Johnson his 'expectations from the interest of an eminent person then in power.' The two following extracts from letters written by him show what some of these expectations had been.

'JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ. TO JAMES ABERCROMBIE, ESQ., of Philadelphia. 'July 28,1793.

'I have a great wish to see America; and I once flattered myself that I should be sent thither in a station of some importance.' Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 317.

Boswell had written to Burke on March 3, 1778: 'Most heartily do I rejoice that our present ministers have at last yielded to conciliation (_ante_, iii. 221). For amidst all the sanguinary zeal of my countrymen, I have professed myself a friend to our fellow-subjects in America, so far as they claim an exemption from being taxed by the representatives of the King's British subjects. I do not perfectly agree with you; for I deny the declaratory act, and I am a warm Tory in its true constitutional sense. I wish I were a commissioner, or one of the secretaries of the commission for the grand treaty. I am to be in London this spring, and if his Majesty should ask me what I would choose, my answer will be to assist at the compact between Britain and America.' --_Burke's Correspondence_, ii. 209.

_Boswelf's intention to attend on Johnson in his illness, and to publish 'Praises' of him._

(Vol. iv, p. 265.)

'JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ., TO BISHOP PERCY.

'Edinburgh, 8 March, 1784.

"...I intend to be in London about the end of this month, chiefly to attend upon Dr. Johnson with respectful affection. He has for some time been very ill...I wish to publish as a regale [_ante_, iii. 308, n. 2; v. 347, n. 1] to him a neat little volume, _The Praises of Dr. Johnson, by contemporary Writers_. ...Will your Lordship take the trouble to send me a note of the writers you recollect having praised our much respected friend?...An edition of my pamphlet [_ante_, iv. 258] has been published in London."' --Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 302.

_The reported Russian version of the 'Rambler'_.

(Vol. iv, p. 277, n. 1.)

I am informed by my friend, Mr. W. R. Morfill, M.A., of Oriel College, Oxford, who has, I suppose, no rival in this country in his knowledge of the Slavonic tongues, that no Russian translation of the Rambler has been published. He has given me the following title of the Russian version of _Rasselas_, which he has obtained for me through the kindness of Professor Grote, of the University of Warsaw:--

'Rasselas, printz Abissinskii, Vostochnaya Poviest Sochinenie Doktora Dzhonsona Perevod s'angliiskago. 3 chasti, Moskva. 1795.

'Rasselas, prince of Abyssinia, An Eastern Tale, by Doctor Johnson. Translated from the English. 2 parts, Moscow, 1795.'

'_It has not wit enough to keep it sweet_.'

(Vol. iv, p. 320.)

'Heylyn, in the Epistle to his _Letter-Combate_, addressing Baxter, and speaking of such "unsavoury pieces of wit and mischief" as "the _Church-historian_" asks, "Would you not have me rub them with a little salt to keep them sweet?" This passage was surely present in the mind of Dr. Johnson when he said concerning _The Rehearsal_ that "it had not wit enough to keep it sweet."' --J. E. Bailey's _Life of Thomas Fuller_, p. 640.

_Pictures of Johnson_.

(Vol. iv, p. 421, n. 2.)

In the Common Room of Trinity College, Oxford, there is an interesting portrait of Johnson, said to be by Romney. I cannot, however, find any mention of it in the _Life_ of that artist. It was presented to the College by Canon Duckworth.

_The Gregory Family_.

(Vol. v, p. 48, n. 3.)

Mr. P. J. Anderson (in _Notes and Queries_, 7th S. iii. 147) casts some doubt on Chalmers' statement. He gives a genealogical table of the Gregory family, which includes thirteen professors; but two of these cannot, from their dates, be reckoned among Chalmers' sixteen.

_The University of St. Andrews in 1778_.

(Vol. v, p. 63, n. 2.)

In the preface to _Poems by George Monck Berkeley_, it is recorded (p. cccxlviii) that when 'Mr. Berkeley entered at the University of St. Andrews [about 1778], one of the college officers called upon him to deposit a crown to pay for the windows he might break. Mr. Berkeley said, that as he should reside in his father's house, it was little likely he should break any windows, having never, that he remembered, broke one in his life. He was assured that he _would_ do it at St. Andrews. On the rising of the session several of the students said, "Now for the windows. Come, it is time to set off, let us sally forth!" Mr. Berkeley, being called upon, enquired what was to be done? They replied, "Why, to break every window in college." "For what reason?" "Oh! no reason; but that it has always been done from time immemorial."' The Editor goes on to say that Mr. Berkeley prevailed on them to give up the practice. How poor some of the students were is shown by the following anecdote, told by the College Porter, who had to collect the crowns. 'I am just come,' he said, 'from a poor student indeed. I went for the window _croon_; he cried, begged, and prayed not to pay it, saying, "he brought but a croon to keep him all the session, and he had spent sixpence of it; so I have got only four and sixpence."' His father, a labourer, who owned three cows, 'had sold one to dress his son for the University, and put the lamented croon in his pocket to purchase coals. All the lower students study by fire-light. He had brought with him a large tub of oatmeal and a pot of salted butter, on which he was to subsist from Oct. 20 until May 20.' Berkeley raised 'a very noble subscription' for the poor fellow.

In another passage (p. cxcviii) it is recorded that Berkeley 'boasted to his father, "Well, Sir, idle as you may think me, I never have once bowed at any Professor's Lecture." An explanation being requested of the word _bowing_, it was thus given: "Why, if any poor fellow has been a little idle, and is not prepared to speak when called upon by the Professor, he gets up and makes a respectful-bow, and sits down again."' Berkeley was a grandson of Bishop Berkeley.

_Johnson's unpublished sermons_.

(Vol. v, p. 67, n. i.)

'JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ., TO JAMES ABERCROMBIE, ESQ., of Philadelphia.

'June 11, 1792.

"I have not yet been able to discover any more of Johnson's sermons besides those left for publication by Dr. Taylor. I am informed by the Lord Bishop of Salisbury, that he gave an excellent one to a clergyman, who preached and published it in his own name on some public occasion. But the Bishop has not as yet told me the name, and seems unwilling to do it. Yet I flatter myself I shall get at it."' --Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 315.

_Tillotson's argument against the doctrine of transubstantiation._

(Vol. v, p. 71.)

Gibbon, writing of his reconversion from Roman Catholicism to Protestantism in the year 1754, after allowing something to the conversation of his Swiss tutor, says:--

'I must observe that it was principally effected by my private reflections; and I still remember my solitary transport at the discovery of a philosophical argument against the doctrine of transubstantiation-- _that_ the text of scripture which seems to inculcate the real presence is attested only by a single sense-- our sight; while the real presence itself is disproved by three of our senses--the sight, the touch, and the taste.' --_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 67.

_Jean Pierre de Crousaz_.

(Vol. v, p. 80.)

Gibbon, describing his education at Lausanne, says:--'The principles of philosophy were associated with the examples of taste; and by a singular chance the book as well as the man which contributed the most effectually to my education has a stronger claim on my gratitude than on my admiration. M. de Crousaz, the adversary of Bayle and Pope, is not distinguished by lively fancy or profound reflection; and even in his own country, at the end of a few years, his name and writings are almost obliterated. But his philosophy had been formed in the school of Locke, his divinity in that of Limborch and Le Clerc; in a long and laborious life several generations of pupils were taught to think and even to write; his lessons rescued the Academy of Lausanne from Calvinistic prejudice; and he had the rare merit of diffusing a more liberal spirit among the clergy and people of the Pays de Vaud.' --_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 66.

_The new pavement in London._

(Vol. v, p. 84, n. 3.)

'By an Act passed in 1766, _For the better cleansing, paving, and enlightning the City of London and Liberties thereof_, &c., powers are granted in pursuance of which the great streets have been paved with whyn-quarry stone, or rock-stone, or stone of a flat surface.' --_A Tour through the whole Island of Great Britain_, ed. 1769, vol. ii, p. 121.

_Boswell's Projected Works._

(Vol. v, p. 91, n. 2.)

To this list should be added an account of a Tour to the Isle of Man (_ante_, iii. 80).

_A cancel in the first edition of Boswell's 'Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides_.'

(Vol. v, p. 151.)

In my note on the suppression of offensive passages in the second edition of Boswell's _Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides_ (_ante_, v. 148), I mention that Rowlandson in one of his _Caricatures_ paints Boswell begging Sir Alexander Macdonald for mercy, while on the ground lie pages 165, 167, torn out. I have discovered, though too late to mention in the proper place, that in the first edition the leaf containing pages 167, 168, was really cancelled. In my own copy I noticed between pages 168 and 169 a narrow projecting slip of paper. I found the same in the copy in the British Museum. Mr. Horace Hart, the printer to the University, who has kindly examined my copy, informs me that the leaf was cancelled after the sheets had been stitched together. It was cut out, but an edge was left to which the new one was attached by paste. The leaf thus treated begins with the words 'talked with very high respect' (_ante_, v. 149) and ends 'This day was little better than a blank' (_ante_, v. 151). This conclusion was perhaps meant to be significant to the observant reader.

_Boswell's conversation with the King about the title proper to be given to the Young Pretender._

(Vol. v, p. 185, n. 4.)

Dr. Lort wrote to Bishop Percy on Aug. 15, 1785:--

'Boswell's book [_The Tour to the Hebrides_], I suppose, will be out in the winter. The King at his levée talked to him, as was natural, on this subject. Boswell told his majesty that he had another work on the anvil--a _History of the Rebellion in_ 1745 (_ante_, iii. 162); but that he was at a loss how to style the principal person who figured in it. "How would you style him, Mr. Boswell?" "I was thinking, Sire, of calling him the grandson of the unfortunate James the Second." "That I have no objection to; my title to the Crown stands on firmer ground --on an Act of Parliament." This is said to be the _substance_ of a conversation which passed at the levée. I wish I was certain of the exact words.' --Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 472.

_Shakespeare's popularity_.

(Vol. v, p. 244, n. 2.)

Gibbon, after describing how he used to attend Voltaire's private theatre at Monrepos in 1757 and 1758, continues:--

'The habits of pleasure fortified my taste for the French theatre, and that taste has perhaps abated my idolatry for the gigantic genius of Shakespeare, which is inculcated from our infancy as the first duty of an Englishman.' --_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1837, i. 90.

_Archibald Campbell_.

(Vol. v, p. 357.)

Mr. C. E. Doble informs me that in the Bodleian Library 'there is a characteristic letter of Archibald Campbell in a _Life of Francis Lee_ in Rawlinson, J., 4to. 2. 197; and also a skeleton life of him in Rawlinson, J., 4to. 5. 301.'

_Cocoa Tree Club._

(Vol. v, p. 386, n. 1.)

Gibbon records in his Journal on November 24, 1762, a visit to the Cocoa Tree Club:--

'That respectable body, of which I have the honour of being a member, affords every evening a sight truly English. Twenty or thirty, perhaps, of the first men in the kingdom in point of fashion and fortune, supping at little tables covered with a napkin, in the middle of a coffee-room, upon a bit of cold meat or a sandwich, and drinking a glass of punch. At present we are full of king's counsellors and lords of the bed-chamber, who, having jumped into the ministry, make a very singular medley of their old principles and language with their modern ones.' --_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 131.

_Johnson's use of the word 'big'_.

(Vol. v, p. 425.)

On volume i, page 471, Johnson says: 'Don't, Sir, accustom yourself to use big words for little matters.'

_Atlas, the Duke of Devonshire's race-horse._

(Vol. v, p. 429.)

Johnson, in his _Diary of a Journey into North Wales_, records on July 12, 1774:--

'At Chatsworth..., Atlas, fifteen hands inch and half.'

Mr. Duppa in a note on this, says: 'A race-horse, which attracted so much of Dr. Johnson's attention, that he said, "of all the Duke's possessions I like Atlas best."'

Thomas Holcroft, who in childhood wandered far and wide with his father, a pedlar, was at Nottingham during the race-week of the year 1756 or 1757, and saw in its youth the horse which Johnson so much admired in its old age. He says: 'The great and glorious part which Nottingham held in the annals of racing this year, arose from the prize of the King's plate, which was to be contended for by the two horses which everybody I heard speak considered as undoubtedly the best in England, and perhaps equal to any that had ever been known, Childers alone excepted. Their names were Careless and Atlas.....There was a story in circulation that Atlas, on account of his size and clumsiness, had been banished to the cart-breed; till by some accident, either of playfulness or fright, several of them started together; and his vast advantage in speed happening to be noticed, he was restored to his blood companions.....Alas for the men of Nottingham, Careless was conquered. I forget whether it was at two or three heats, but there was many an empty purse on that night, and many a sorrowful heart.' --_Memoirs of Thomas Holcroft_, i. 70.

Sir Richard Clough.

(Vol. v, p. 436.)

There is an interesting note on Sir Richard Clough, the founder of Bâch y Graig, in Professor Rhys's edition of Pennant's _Tours in Wales_ (vol. ii, p. 137). The Professor writes to me:--

'Sir Richard Clough's wealth was so great that it became a saying of the people in North Wales that a man who grew very wealthy was or had become a Clough. This has long been forgotten; but it is still said in Welsh, in North Wales, that a very rich man is a regular _clwch_, which is pronounced with the guttural spirant, which was then (in the 16th century) sounded in English, just as the English word _draught_ (of drink) is in Welsh _dracht_ pronounced nearly as if it were German.'

_Evan Evans._

(Vol. v, p. 443.)

Evan Evans, who is described as being 'incorrigibly addicted to strong drink,' was Curate of Llanvair Talyhaern, in Denbighshire, and author of _Some Specimens of the Poetry of Antient Welsh Bards translated into English_. London, R. & J. Dodsley, 1764. My friend Mr. Morfill informs me that he remembers to have seen it stated in a manuscript note in a book in the Bodleian, that 'Evan Evans would have written much more if he had not been so much given up to the bottle.'

Gray thus mentions Evan Evans in a letter to Dr. Wharton, written in July, 1760:--

'The Welsh Poets are also coming to light. I have seen a discourse in MS. about them (by one Mr. Evans, a clergyman) with specimens of their writings. This is in Latin; and though it don't approach the other [Macpherson], there are fine scraps among it.' --_The Works of Thomas Gray_, ed. by the Rev. John Mitford. London, 1858, vol. iii, p. 250.

INDEX TO THE ADDENDA.

ABERCROMBIE, James, lxii, lxvi. ADDENBROKE, Dean, xxxiv. ATLAS, the race-horse, lxix, lxx.

BARCLAY'S Answer to Kenrick's Review of Johnson's Shakespeare, xlviii. BARETTI, Joseph, lvii. BASKETT, Mr., xxxii. BATHURST, Dr., Proposal for a _Geographical Dictionary_, xxi. BAXTER, Richard, on toleration, xlix; his doubt, liv; rule of preaching, lx; on the possible salvation of a suicide, lx; on the portion of babies who die unbaptized, lxi. BERKELEY, Dr., xlix. BERKELEY, George Monck, lxv. _Big_, lxix. BOSWELL, James, Bishop Percy's Communications, lvii; Johnson in his last illness, and to publish 'praises' of him, lxiii; _Lurgan Clanbrassil_, li; projected works, lxvii; _Remarks on the profession of a player_, lxi; visit to Rousseau and Voltaire, xlvi. BROWNE, Sir Thomas, lviii. BROWNING, Mr. Robert, lii. BURKE, Edmund, lxii.

CAMDEN, Lord, xlix. CAMPBELL, Archibald, lxix. 'CAUTION' money, xxxii. CLARENDON, Edward, Earl of, l. CLARENDON PRESS, xxxii. CLOUGH, Sir Richard, lxx. COCOA TREE CLUB, lxix. CROUSAZ, Jean Pierre de, lxvi.

DAVENPORT, William, xxxv. DAVIES, Rev. J. Hamilton, xlix, liv, lx, lxi. DODSLEY, Robert, xxvi. _Don Belianis_, xli.

ENGLAND barren in good historians, xlix. ENGLISH pulpit eloquence, lvii. EVANS, Evan, lxxi. EYRE, Mr., xxxii.

_Farm and its Inhabitants_, xlii, liii. _Felixmarte of Hircania_, xli. FLOYER, Sir John, lxii. FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, l. FRANKING LETTERS, xxxvii. FREDERICK II. OF PRUSSIA, xlvi.

FRENCH WRITERS, their superficiality, xlvii. FULLER, Thomas, _Life_, lxiv.

GARRICK, David, xli, xlv, lxi. GIBBON, Edward, xlvii, lvii, lxvi, lxviii, lxix. GOUGH, Richard, xxxiv. GRAY, Thomas, lxxi. GREGORY FAMILY, lxiv.

HARINGTON'S _Nugae Antiqua_, xxxv. HAZLITT, William, lxi. _History of the Marchioness de Pompadour_, xxix. HOLCROFT, Thomas, lxx. HUME, David, xlv.

'IT has not wit enough to keep it sweet,' lxiv.

JOHNSON, Michael, xl.
JOHNSON, Mr., a bookseller, xxix.
JOHNSON, Mrs., xliii.
JOHNSON, Samuel, advantages of having a profession or business, lviii;
advice about studying, xxxii;
anonymous publications, xxix;
application for the mastership of Solihull School, xliv;
citation of living authors in the Dictionary, lviii;
critics of three classes, xlv;
difference with Baretti, lvii;
discussion on baptism with Mr. Lloyd, liii;
knowledge of Italian, xliv;
Letters to William Strahan:
Apology about some work that was passing through the press, xxv;
apprenticing a lad to Mr. Strahan, and a presentation to the Blue
Coat School, xxxv;
Bathurst's projected _Geographical Dictionary_, xxi;
cancel in the _Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland_, xxxiii;
'copy' and a book by Professor Watson, xxxvii;
George Strahan's election to a scholarship, xxx;
Miss Williams, taxes due, and a journey, xxvii;
printing the _Dictionary_, xxv-xxviii;
_Rasselas_, xxviii;
Suppressions in _Taxation no Tyranny_, xxxvi;
letter to Dr. Taylor, xxxviii;
portraits, lxiv;
public interest in him, xlviii;
romantic virtue, xlviii;
transformation of an actor, lxi;
trips to the country, lviii; unpublished sermons, lxvi;
use of the word _big_, lxix.
JONES, Sir William, xxxi.

KENRICK, Dr. William xlviii.

LANGLEY, Rev. W., xxxv. LETTSOM Dr., lvi LICHFIELD, Cathedral, xxxiv; City, and County, xl; described by C. P. Moritz, liv. LLOYD, Olivia, xlii. LLOYD, Sampson, xlii, liii. LOCKE, John, 1. LONDON PAVEMENT, lxvii. LORT, Dr., lxviii.

MASON, Rev. William, xxxix. MAUD, Rev. Mr., lv. MILLAR, Andrew, xxv, xxviii. MITCHELL, Andrew, xlvi. MORITZ, C. P., _Travels in England in_ 1782, liv, lv. MORRISON'S, Mr. Alfred, _Collection of Autographs_, xxxviii, li.

NEWTON, Bishop Thomas, xxxiv.

OXFORD
The proposed Riding School, l;
in 1782, lv;
University College, xxx.

_Palmerin of England_, xli. PARR, Dr., lix. PERCY, Bishop, xlviii, lvii. PIOZZI'S, Mrs., 'Collection of Johnson's Letters,' xlviii. PLANTA, Joseph, 1. PORTEOUS, Captain, xxvii. PORTER, Henry, xliii. PRETENDER, Young, lxviii. PRIESTLEY, Dr. Joseph, lvi.

_Rambler_, reported Russian version, lxiii. REYNOLDS, Sir Joshua, lx. ROBERTSON, Dr. William, xxxvii. ROUSSEAU, J. J., xlvi. ROUTH, Dr., lix. RUDD, Mrs., lii.

SCOTCH Nationality, xlix. SHAKESPEARE'S Popularity, lxviii. SHAW, Rev. Mr., xxxvii. SHEPHERD, Mr. R. H., xlv. SIMPSON, Rev. W. Sparrow, xxxiv. SMART, Christopher, lii. _Solamen miseris socios habuisse doloris_, lix. ST. ANDREWS UNIVERSITY, lxv. STEWART, Francis, xxvi. STRAHAN, George, xxx. STRAHAN, William, xxi, xxvi, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxvi, xxxviii. SYNOD OF COOKS, xlvii.

TAYLOR, Dr. John, xxxviii. TAYLOR, John, of Birmingham, xlii. THRALE, Henry, xxxviii. TILLOTSON, Archbishop, lxvi.

'UNITARIAN,' l.

VACHELL, William, lvi. VOLTAIRE, xlvi, lxviii.

_Walfords Antiquarian_, xlv.

WATSON, Rev. Professor, xxxvii. WHITEHEAD, William, xxxix. WILKES, John, xlv. WILLIAMS, Miss, xxvii.

INDEX

A.