Chapter VII: A Committee is appointed, to consist of thirty Guardians, who are (1)

to meet every Wednesday at eleven o’clock in the forenoon at the
Asylum, to transact the business of the charity; and they are, from
time to time, to report their proceedings to the following general
court, and any three of the said gentlemen constitute a quorum. In
these Committees are a President, Vice-president, and a Treasurer.

VIII. The officers and servants of the house, are a Physician, two
Surgeons, an Apothecary and a Chaplain.

A Secretary, who keeps the accounts of the hospital, and does all such
other business as is commonly done by Secretaries, Clerks, and
Registers, at other charities.

A Matron, who superintends the affairs of the house, takes care of the
provisions and furniture, delivers an account of the current expences
weekly to the Secretary, to be laid before the Committee. She is to
see that the children are properly employed, that they are attentive
to their learning, and that they behave with decency; that the
teachers do their duty, and that they treat the children with
humanity. The servants under her, are teachers of reading, knitting,
sewing, &c. a cook, a house-maid, and a servant man.

IX. The objects to be admitted are Orphans, the daughters of
necessitous parents, residing in parishes where they have no relief,
and deserted girls within the bills of mortality, from eight to twelve
years of age; but infirm children are not admitted, as the objects of
this charity are to be constantly employed in every branch of good
housewifry.

X. Each object applying for admission, must produce such certificate
of her age and necessity, as shall be satisfactory to the Guardians
then present; and in all cases, wherein, during the infancy of this
Asylum, more objects shall apply for admission than the Asylum can at
once receive, the names of the objects not admitted are entered in a
book kept for that purpose, and a notice is sent to the persons,
signifying the certificate of each child, of the first opportunity of
taking in such children that shall happen afterwards; in filling up
all which, the children, before refused, have the preference as they
stand upon the entry: each of the above certificates must be signed by
two substantial housekeepers, of the parish where the object resides.

XI. The children are regularly and alternately employed in reading,
knitting, sewing, and in the business of the kitchen, to which latter
employment four are appointed weekly, to be with the cook, to assist
her, and to receive from her the necessary instructions in plain
cookery, curing provisions, and other employments of the kitchen. They
likewise make the beds, clean the rooms, assist in washing, and
ironing the linen, and in other household business, according to their
respective ages and abilities, at the discretion of the matron.

XII. The Chaplain on Sundays preaches, and performs the other parts of
divine service, and catechises the children. Prayers also are read on
the other days of the week, by the matron or teacher; and some portion
of scripture is read by those of the children who are best able. They
have also, each of them, a common prayer book, and the new testament;
and other good books are likewise provided for them.

The number of children in the house in April 1759, were forty-two, and
the sums raised for the support of this charitable foundation, at the
same time, amounted to 2032_l._ 4_s._ 9_d._

AUDLEY’S _rents_, Whitecross street.†

AUDLEY _street_, Grosvenor square.†

AVE-MARY _lane_, Ludgate street. See PATER-NOSTER ROW.

AVERY _farm_, Chelsea.

AVERY _row_, by May-fair.

AUGMENTATION OFFICE in Dean’s yard, Westminster. This office belongs to
a corporation, established by an act passed in the second and third
years of the reign of Queen Anne, for the better maintenance of the
poor Clergy, by the augmentation of small livings. This body corporate
consists of the Lords of the Privy Council, the Lords Lieutenants and
Custos Rotulorum, the Archbishops, Bishops, and Deans of cathedrals,
the Judges, the King’s Serjeants at law, the Attorney, Sollicitor, and
Advocate General, the Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors of the
Universities, the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London, and the Mayors of
all other cities within the kingdom; seven of whom may compose a
court, provided three of that number be a Privy Counsellor, a Bishop,
a Judge, or one of the King’s Council, and this court may appoint
committees of Governors, and invest them with such powers as they
think proper.

The business of the Governors is to find out the value of every
benefice under 80_l._ a Year, with the distance of each from London,
&c. and to lay the state thereof before his Majesty, with the value of
the tenths, first-fruits, &c. in order that the royal bounty may be
applied to support those of the clergy, who are in the greatest
distress: and this corporation has actually augmented a great number
of small livings.

AUSTIN FRIARS, near Broad street, was a priory founded for the Friars
Eremites, of the order of St. Augustine, in the year 1253, by Humphrey
Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, The Friars of this priory were
Mendicants, and continued in the possession of this place till its
dissolution by King Henry VIII. since which time the greatest part has
been pulled down, and many handsome houses built; but a part of the
old church belonging to the priory is still standing. King Edward VI.
granted all the church, except the choir, to a congregation of
Germans, and other strangers, who fled hither for the sake of
religion, ordering it to be called _the Temple of the Lord Jesus_, and
several successive Princes have confirmed it to the Dutch, by whom it
is still used as a place of divine worship. It is a large and spacious
Gothic edifice, supported by two rows of stone pillars. At the east
end are several steps, which lead to a large platform, on which is
placed a long table with seats against the wall, and forms round, for
the use of the Holy Communion, and the windows on one side have
painted on them in several places, the words JESUS TEMPLE. On the west
end over the screen is a library, thus inscribed, _Ecclesiæ
Londino-Belgicæ Bibliotheca, extructa sumptibus_ Mariæ Dubois 1659. It
contains several valuable manuscripts, among which are the letters of
Calvin, Peter Martyr, and other foreign reformers.

_St._ AUSTIN’S _Church_, at the north west corner of Watling street, in
the ward of Faringdon within, was dedicated to St. Austin the monk,
the English Apostle. The old church having suffered in the dreadful
conflagration in 1666, has been rebuilt, and the parish of St. Faith
united to it. It is a rectory, and the advowson is in the Dean and
Chapter of St. Paul’s. The Rector receives 172_l._ _per annum_ in lieu
of tithes.

AUSTIN _street_, in Castle street, near Shoreditch.

AX _alley_, Leadenhall street.*

AX _yard_. 1. King’s street, Westminster.* 2. Norfolk street in the
Strand.* 3. Little Britain.* 4. Blackman street.* 5. King’s street,
Blackman street.*

AX AND BOTTLE _yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.*

AYLOFFE _street_, Goodman’s Fields.†

AYRE’S ALMSHOUSE, in White’s alley, Coleman street, was founded by Mr.
Christopher Ayre, Merchant, for six poor men and their wives, who
committed it to the care of the Leather-sellers company, who annually
pay each couple 4_l._

B.

BAB’S _alley_, Mint street, Southwark.†

BAB’S _mays_, or _mews_, Jermain street.†

BACK _alley_. 1. Back hill, Hatton wall.§ 2. Back hill, Southwark.§ 3.
Bear alley, Fleet ditch.§ 4. Bowling alley, Westminster.§ 5. Bridge
yard, Tooley street.§ 6. St. Catharine’s lane.§ 7. Church lane, Tooley
street.§ 8. Church lane, Whitechapel.§ 9. Churchyard alley, Tooley
street.§ 10. Cloth fair, West Smithfield.§ 11. Crown court, King’s
street, Tooley street.§ 12. East lane, Rotherhith.§ 13. Great garden,
St. Catharine’s lane.§ 14. Green bank, Wapping.§ 15. March street,
Wapping.§ 16. St. Martin’s le Grand.§ 17. Mill street.§ 18. Playhouse
yard, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.§ 19. Three Foxes court, Long
lane, West Smithfield.§

BACK _court_, Symond’s Inn, Chancery lane.

BACK _hill_. 1. Hatton wall.§ 2. Southwark.§

BACK _lane_. 1. Bethnal green.§ 2. Elephant lane, Rotherhith.§ 3.
Hackney.§ 4. Islington.§ 5. Lambeth Butts.* 6. Lambeth marsh.§ 7. Near
Rag fair, Rosemary lane.§ 8. Near Sun Tavern fields.§ 9. Three Hammer
alley, Tooley street.§

BACK _Round court_ in the Strand.§

BACK _side_. 1. St. Clement’s in the Strand.§ 2. Middle Shadwell.§

BACK _street_. 1. Cloth fair.§ 2. Horsley down.§ 3. Lambeth.§ 4. St.
Clement’s Danes.§ 5. Old street square.§

BACK STREET SCHOOL, at Lambeth, was founded by Archbishop Tenison, about
the year 1704, for the education of poor girls, who are cloathed and
taught: they are at present twenty; but their number is to be
increased according to the improvement of the estate. _Maitland._

BACK _way_, near Shepherd’s Market, Curzon street.§

BACK _yard_. 1. Angel alley, Little Moorfields.§ 2. Bell alley, Coleman
street, Lothbury.§ 3. Brick lane, Old street.§ 4. Bullhead court,
Jewin street.§ 5. Great Garden, St. Catharine’s.§ 6. Little
Bartholomew close.§ 7. Marigold lane.§ 8. Newcastle street.§ 9.
Nightingale lane.§ 10. Old Gravel lane.§ 11. Pelican court, Little
Britain.§ 12. Peter lane, St. John’s street.§ 13. Pickleherring
street. 14. Redcross alley, Jewin street.§ 15. Richmond street.§ 16.
Ropemaker’s fields, Limehouse.§ 17. Rotherhith wall.§ 18. Rupert
street.§ 19. Saltpetre bank. 20. Shakespear’s walk.§ 21. Shipwright
street, Rotherhith.§ 22. Short’s street.§ 23. Silver street, Tooley
street.§ 24. St. Margaret’s hill.§ 25. St. Saviour’s Dock head.§ 26.
Stamford buildings.§ 27. Star street, Wapping wall.§ 28. Sun alley,
Golden lane.§ 29. Swan alley, Golden lane. 30. Three Colt street.§ 31.
Tooley street.§ 32. Turnmill street, Cowcross.§ 33. Vineyard.§ 34.
Upper Ground street.§ 35. Upper Well alley, Wapping.§ 36. Wentworth
street.§ 37. White’s yard, Rosemary lane.§ 38. Woolpack alley,
Houndsditch.§

BACK CLOISTER _yard_, Westminster.§

BACK _Brook street_, David street, by Grosvenor square.

BACON _alley_, Woolpack alley, Shoreditch.

BACON _street_. 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields.* 2. Club row, Spitalfields.

BADGER’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†

BADGER’S _Almshouse_, at Hoxton, was founded by Mrs. Allen Badger, in
the year 1698, for six poor men and their wives, who are only allowed
twenty shillings a year each couple.

BADGER’S _rents_, St. John’s passage, St. John’s street.†

BAG AND BOTTLE _alley_, Old street.*

BAG AND BOTTLE _yard_, Old street.*

BAGNEL’S _rents_, Denmark street.†

BAGNIO _court_, Newgate street, thus named from the Bagnio there.

BAGNIO _lane_, leading into Bagnio court, Newgate street.

BAGSHAW’S _rents_, Portpool lane, Leather lane.†

BAILEY’S _alley_, in the Strand.†

BAILEY’S _court_, 1. Bell yard, Fleet street.† 2. Cock hill.† 3. Fashion
street.† 4. Sheer lane.† 5. In the Strand.†

BAILEY’S _place_, Little Tower hill.†

BAILEY’S _yard_, Broadway, Westminster.†

BAINHAM’S _street_, Southwark.†

BAIN’S _hill_, Upper Shadwell.†

BAKEHOUSE _court_, Godalmin street.

BAKERS, this company is very ancient, though it does not appear to have
been incorporated till about the year 1307. It is governed by a
Master, four Wardens, thirty Assistants, and 195 Livery men, whose
fine is 10_l._

BAKERS HALL, a plain edifice in Hart lane, Tower street, and formerly
the dwelling house of John Chicheley, Chamberlain of London.

BAKER’S _alley_. 1. Church lane, Whitechapel.† 2. Farmer’s street,
Shadwell.† 3. Goswell street.† 4. Hart street.† 5. King’s street,
Westminster.† 6. Monkwell street.† 7. St. John’s street.† 8. In the
Strand. 9. Stony lane.† 10. Swallow street.†

BAKER’S ARMS _alley_, Rosemary lane.*

BAKER’S _buildings_, Old Bethlem.†

BAKER’S _court_, Halfmoon alley, Bishopsgate street.†

BAKER’S _passage_, Jermain street.†

BAKER’S _row_. 1. Cold Bath fields.† 2. Whitechapel.†

BAKER’S _yard_. 1. Tower hill. 2. Milford lane.

BALAAM’S _court_, King David’s Fort.

BALDWIN’S _court_. 1. Baldwin’s gardens.† 2. White street.* 3. Cloak
lane, Dowgate hill.†

BALDWIN’S _gardens_, Leather lane.†

BALDWIN’S _square_, Baldwin’s gardens.†

BALDWIN’S _street_, Old street.†

BALDWIN’S _yard_. 1. Baldwin’s gardens. 2. Narrow alley, Stone lane.†

BALE’S _court_, Cow cross, Smithfield.†

BALL _alley_. 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Cannon street.* 3. Kingsland
road.* 4. Lime street, Leadenhall street.* 5. Lombard street.* 6.
London Wall.* 7. Long alley, Moorfields.* 8. St. Catharine’s lane.* 9.
Wheeler street, Spitalfields.*

BALL _court_. 1. Giltspur street, without Newgate.* 2. Mincing lane,
Fenchurch street.* 3. Old Bailey.* 4. Poor Jury lane, within Aldgate.*

BALL _yard_. 1. Beech lane.* 2. Giltspur street.* 3. Golden lane.*

BALLAST _wharf_. 1. Cock hill, Ratcliff. 2. Lower Shadwell.

BALSOVER _street_, Oxford street.†

BAMBURY _court_, Long Acre.

BANCROFT’S beautiful Almshouse, School and Chapel at Mile End, were
erected by the Drapers company in the year 1735, pursuant to the will
of Mr. Francis Bancroft, who bequeathed to that company the sum of
28,000_l._ and upwards, in real and personal estates, for purchasing a
site, and building upon it an almshouse, with convenient apartments
for twenty-four almsmen, a chapel, and school room for 100 poor boys,
and two dwelling-houses for the schoolmasters, and endowing the same.
He also ordered that each of the almsmen should have 8_l._ and half a
chaldron of coals yearly, and a gown of baize every third year; that
the school boys should be cloathed and taught reading, writing and
arithmetic; that each of the masters, besides their houses, should
have a salary of 30_l._ _per annum_, and the yearly sum of 20_l._ for
coals and candles, for their use, and that of the school; with a
sufficient allowance for books, paper, pens and ink; that the
committee of the court of assistants should have 5_l._ for a dinner,
at their annual visitation of the almshouse and school; and that 3_l._
10_s._ should be given for two half yearly sermons to be preached in
the parish churches of St. Helen and St. Michael Cornhill, or
elsewhere, in commemoration of this foundation, at which the almsmen
and boys were to be present. To each of these boys, when put out
apprentices, he gave 4_l._ but if they were put to service they were
to have no more than 2_l._ 10_s._ to buy them cloaths.

The edifice is not only neat but extremely elegant, consisting of two
wings and a center detached from both of them. In the middle of the
front is the chapel, before which is a noble portico, with Ionic
columns, and coupled pilasters at the corners, supporting a pediment,
in the plane of which is the dial. There is an ascent to the portico
by a flight of steps, and over the chapel is a handsome turret. On
each side of the portico, are two houses like those in the wings. The
construction of the wings is uniform, lofty and convenient: twelve
doors in each open in a regular series, and the windows are of a
moderate size, numerous, and proportioned to the apartments they are
to enlighten. The square is surrounded with gravel walks. with a large
grass plat in the middle, and next the road the wall is adorned with
handsome iron rails and gates. In short, the ends of the wings next
the road being placed at a considerable distance from it, the whole is
seen in a proper point of view, and appears to the greatest advantage.

It is worthy of remark, that this Bancroft, who left so large a sum
for erecting and endowing this fine hospital, and even ordered two
sermons to be annually preached in commemoration of his charity, was,
according to the last edition of _Stow’s Survey_, one of the Lord
Mayor’s officers, and by informations and summoning the citizens
before the Lord Mayor, upon the most trifling occasions, and other
things not belonging to his office, not only pillaged the poor but
also many of the rich, who rather than lose time in appearing before
that Magistrate, gave money to get rid of this common pest of the
citizens, which, together with his numerous quarterages from the
brokers, &c. enabled him to amass annually a considerable sum of
money. But by these and other mercenary practices, he so incurred the
hatred and ill-will of the citizens of all ranks and denominations,
that the persons who attended his funeral obsequies, with great
difficulty saved his corpse from being jostled off the bearers
shoulders in the church, by the enraged populace, who seizing the
bells, rang them for joy at his unlamented death.

BANDYLEG _alley_, Fleet ditch.║

BANDYLEG _walk_. 1. Maiden lane, near Deadman’s place.║ 2. Queen street,
in the Park, Southwark.║

BANE _court_, Cold Bath square.

BANGOR _court_. 1. Shoe lane. 2. White street.

BANK OF ENGLAND. This is a noble edifice, situated at the east of St.
Christopher’s church, near the west end of Threadneedle street. The
front next the street is about 80 feet in length, and is of the Ionic
order raised on a rustic basement, as is represented in the print, and
is in a good style. Through this you pass into the court yard, in
which is the hall. This is of the Corinthian order, and in the middle
is a pediment. The top of the building is adorned with a balustrade
and handsome vases, and in the face of the above pediment is engraved,
in relievo, the Company’s seal, Britannia sitting with her shield and
spear, and at her feet a Cornucopia, pouring out fruit. The hall,
which is in this last building, is 79 feet in length, and 40 in
breadth; it is wainscoted about eight feet high; has a fine fretwork
ceiling, and is adorned with the statue of King William III. which
stands in a nich at the upper end; on the pedestal of which is the
following inscription:

Ob
Legibus vim,
Judiciis Auctoritatem,
Senatui Dignitatem,
Civibus universis Jura sua,
Tam Sacra, quam Civilia Restituta,
Et illustrissimæ Domus Hannoverianæ
In Imperium Britannicum Successione
Posteris confirmata,
Optimo Principi,
GULIELMO TERTIO,
Conditiori suo,
Grato Animo posuit, dicavitque
Hujus Ærarii Societas,
A. C. MDCCXXXIV. harumque Ædium. I.

_In English thus_:

For restoring efficacy to the Laws,
Authority to the Courts of Justice,
Dignity to the Parliament,
To all his Subjects their Religion and Liberties,
And confirming these to Posterity,
By the succession of the illustrious House of Hanover
To the British Throne,
To the best of Princes, WILLIAM THE THIRD,
Founder of the Bank,
This Corporation, from a Sense of Gratitude,
Has erected this Statue,
And dedicated it to his Memory,
In the Year of our Lord MDCCXXXIV.
And the first Year of this Building.

Farther backward is another quadrangle, with an arcade on the east and
west sides of it; and on the north side is the accomptant’s office,
which is 60 feet long, and 28 feet broad. Over this, and the other
sides of the quadrangle, are handsome apartments, with a fine
staircase adorned with fretwork, and under it are large vaults, that
have strong walls and iron gates, for the preservation of the cash.
The back entrance from Bartholomew lane is by a grand gateway, which
opens into a commodious and spacious court yard for coaches, or
waggons, that frequently come loaded with gold and silver bullion; and
in the room fronting the gate the transfer office is kept.

The Bank was established by act of Parliament in the year 1693, under
the title of _The Governor and Company of the Bank of England_, in
consideration of a loan of 1,200,000_l._ granted to the government,
for which the subscribers received eight _per cent._ By this charter,
the Company are not to borrow under their common seal, unless by act
of parliament; they are not to trade, or suffer any person in trust
for them to trade in goods or merchandize; but may deal in bills of
exchange, in buying or selling bullion, and foreign gold, or silver
coin, &c.

By an act passed in the 8th and 9th years of the reign of King William
III. they were empowered to enlarge their capital to 2,201,171_l._
10_s._ It was then also enacted, that bank stock should be a personal
and not a real estate; that no contract, either in word or writing,
for buying or selling bank stock, should be good in law, unless
registered in the books of the bank within seven days, and the stock
transferred within fourteen days; and that it should be felony,
without benefit of clergy, to counterfeit the common seal of the Bank,
any sealed bank bill, any bank note, or to alter or erase such bills
or notes.

In the 7th of Queen Anne, the Company were, by another act, impowered
to increase their capital to 4,402,343_l._ and at the same time they
advanced 400,000_l._ more to the government; and in 1714, they
advanced the sum of 1,500,000_l._

In the third year of the reign of King George I. the interest of their
capital was reduced to 5_l._ _per cent._ when the Bank agreed to
deliver up as many Exchequer bills as amounted to two millions, and to
accept of an annuity of 100,000_l._ _per annum_. It was also declared
lawful for the Bank to call for from their members, in proportion to
their interests in the capital stock, such sums, as in a general court
should be found necessary; but if any member should neglect to pay his
share of the money so called for, at the time appointed, by notice in
the London Gazette and fixed up in the Royal Exchange, it should be
lawful for the Bank, not only to stop the dividend of such member, and
to apply it towards the payment of the money so called for, but also
to stop the transfers of such defaulter, and to charge him with an
interest of 5_l._ _per cent._ _per annum_, for the money so omitted to
be paid; and if the principal and interest should be three months
unpaid, the Bank should have power to sell so much of the stock
belonging to the defaulter as would satisfy the same. This stock is
now called Bank Circulation, every proprietor of which receives 5_l._
_per cent._ _per annum_, but is obliged to advance, if called for,
1000_l._ for every 100_l._ so paid in.

The Bank afterwards consented to have the interest of two millions
still due from the government, reduced from 5 to 4 _per cent._ The
Company also purchased several other annuities, that were afterwards
redeemed by the government, and the national debt due to the Bank was
reduced to 1,600,000.

At length in 1742, the Company agreed to supply the government with
1,600,000_l._ at 3_l._ _per cent._, by which means the government
became indebted to the Company 3,200,000_l._ the one half carrying 4,
and the other 3 _per cent._

In 1746, the Company consented that the sum of 986,800_l._ due to them
in Exchequer bills unsatisfied, on the duties for licences to sell
spirituous liquors by retail, should be cancelled, and in lieu thereof
to accept of an annuity of 39,442_l._ the interest of that sum at
4_l._ _per cent._ The Company also agreed to advance the farther sum
of 1,000,000_l._ upon the credit of the duties arising by the malt and
land tax, at 4_l._ _per cent._ for Exchequer bills to be issued for
that purpose, in consideration of which the Company were enabled to
augment their capital with 986,800_l._ the interest of which, as well
as that of the other annuities, was reduced to 3_l._ 10_s._ _per
cent._ till the 25th of December 1757, and from that time they carry
only 3_l._ _per cent._

In short, several other sums have since been raised by the Bank for
the service of the government: but the above is sufficient to give a
full idea of the nature of the several species of annuities; only it
may be proper to add, that what is called Bank Stock is entirely
distinct from these, and may not improperly be termed, the trading
stock of the Company, since with this they discount bills, and deal
very largely in foreign gold, &c. which they only buy by weight, which
trade is so very considerable, as to render a share in this stock very
valuable, tho’ it is not equal in value to the East India stock. The
Company make dividends of the profits half yearly. _Pocket Library._

* * * * *

The transfer days at the Bank altered in 1758, are now as follows:

Bank stock, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.
Reduced annuities, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
Three _per cent._ 1726, }
Consolidated annuities, } ditto.
Three _per cent._ 1757, }
Three ½ _per cent._ 1756, }
Three ½ _per cent._ 1758, } Tu. and T

The hour of transfer is from eleven to twelve o’clock, and the hours of payment of dividends from nine to eleven, and from twelve to one; except on the following Holidays.

Holidays at the Bank.

January│
1│Circumcision
6│Epiphany
25│St. Paul.
30│K. Charles I. Mart.
──────────┼────────────────────
Feb.│
2│Purific. V. Mary
24│St. Matthias
──────────┼────────────────────
Mar.│
25│Lady Day
──────────┼────────────────────
April│
23│St. George
25│St. Mark
26│D. of Cumb. born
──────────┼────────────────────
May│
1│St. Philip & Jac.
29│K. Ch. II. restor.
──────────┼────────────────────
June│
4│Pr. Wales born
11│St. Barnabas
21│Midsummer Day
22│Inaug. K. Geo. II.
24│St. John Baptist
26│K. Geo. II. pro.
29│St. Peter & Paul
──────────┼────────────────────
July│
25│St. James
──────────┼────────────────────
Aug.│
1│Lammas Day
24│St. Bartholomew
──────────┼────────────────────
Sept.│
2│London burnt
21│St. Matthew
29│St. Michael
──────────┼────────────────────
Oct.│
18│St. Luke
22│K. Geo. II. crown.
28│St. Simon & Jude
──────────┼────────────────────
November│
1│All Saints
2│All Souls
4│K. William born
5│Powder Plot
9│Ld. Mayor’s Day
10│K. Geo. II. born
28│Q. Elizabeth’s Ac.
30│Pr. Wales born
──────────┼────────────────────
December│
21│St. Thomas
25│Christmas Day
26│St. Stephen
27│St. John
28│Innocents

Moveable Holidays.

Shrove Tuesday.
Ash Wednesday.
Good Friday.
Easter Monday.
Easter Tuesday.
Easter Wednesday.
Ascension Day.
Whitsun Monday.
Whitsun Tuesday.
Whitsun Wednesday.

This Company is under the direction of a Governor, Deputy Governor and
twenty-four Directors, who are annually elected at a general court, in
the same manner as the Governor and the Directors of the East India
company. Thirteen are sufficient to compose a court of Directors, for
managing the affairs of the Company; but if both the Governor and
Deputy Governor should be absent two hours after the usual time of
proceeding to business, the Directors may chuse a chairman by
majority, all their acts being equally valid, as if the Governor or
Deputy Governor were present.

BANK END _stairs_, Bank side.

BANK SIDE _row_. 1. Millbank. 2. Vine street, Southwark.

BANK’S _court_. Knave’s acre.†

BANK’S _yard_, Bunhill row.†

BANNER’S _rents_, Portpool lane.†

BANNISTER’S _yard_, Water lane, Black Friars.†

BANNISTER’S _alley_. 1. Broad St. Giles’s.† 2. Nightingale lane, East
Smithfield.†

BANQUETING HOUSE, Whitehall, so called from there being originally in
this place an edifice in which our Kings had public entertainments.
This was a small part of the ancient palace of Whitehall, which was
destroyed by fire in 1697, and only the Banqueting House, and one
court left standing. See the article WHITEHALL.

In the reign of King James I. the Banqueting House being in a ruinous
condition, that Monarch formed the design of erecting a palace on the
spot, worthy the residence of the Kings of England. The celebrated
Inigo Jones was employed to draw the plan of a noble edifice; this was
done, and the present structure erected, as a small part of the great
intended work, for the reception of ambassadors, and other audiences
of state. The engraved view of it, which is here given, will best
illustrate what follows.

This is a regular and august building which has three stories. The
lowest has a rustic wall, with small square windows, and by its
strength happily serves for a basis for the orders. Upon this is
raised the Ionic, with columns and pilasters, and between the columns
are well-proportioned windows, with arched and pointed pediments. Over
these is placed the proper entablature, and on this is raised a second
series of the Corinthian order, consisting of columns and pilasters
like the other; column being placed over column, and pilaster over
pilaster. From the capitals are carried festoons, which meet with
masks and other ornaments in the middle. This series is also crowned
with its proper entablature, on which is raised the balustrade with
Attic pedestals between, which crown the work. Every thing in this
building is finely proportioned, and as happily executed. The
projection of the columns from the wall has a fine effect in the
entablatures, which being brought forward in the same proportion,
gives that happy diversity of light and shade so essential to fine
architecture. _English Architecture._

To render this edifice as perfect as possible, the ceiling is finely
painted by the celebrated Sir Peter Paul Rubens, who was ambassador
here in the time of Charles I. The subject is the entrance,
inauguration, and coronation of King James I. represented by Pagan
emblems. It is esteemed one of his most capital performances, and may
be justly esteemed one of the finest ceilings in the world. This great
apartment is at present converted into a chapel, for the service of
which certain select preachers were appointed out of each university,
by King George I. to preach here every Sunday; for this each are
allowed a stipend of 30_l._ a year.

BANSTED, a village in Surrey, situated between Dorking and Croydon,
famous for producing a great number of walnuts; but much more for its
neighbouring Downs, one of the most delightful spots in England, on
account of the agreeable seats in that neighbourhood; for the
extensive prospect of several counties on both sides the Thames, and
even of the royal palaces of Windsor and Hampton Court; and for the
fineness of the turf, covered with a short grass intermixed with
thyme, and other fragrant herbs, that render the mutton of this tract,
though small, remarkable for its sweetness. In these Downs there is a
four miles course for horse races, which is much frequented.

BAPTISTS, a sect of dissenters, thus denominated from their baptizing by
immersing the body all over, and from their not considering infants as
proper subjects of baptism. They are principally divided into two
classes, termed general and particular. The general Baptists, who with
Arminius maintain the doctrine of universal redemption, consist of
only six congregations, who have their meeting-houses as follows:

1. Fair street, Horsely down. 2. Glasshouse yard, Pickax street, near
Aldersgate bars. 3. Mill yard, Rosemary lane. 4. Pinner’s hall, Broad
street, in the afternoon. 5. Paul’s alley, Redcross street, where are
two different congregations, who maintain their own Minister. 6. Queen
street, in the Park, Southwark.

The particular Baptists, who with Calvin believe that none will be
saved but the elect, and that all the rest of mankind are doomed to
eternal misery, are much more numerous, and have the following
meetings.

1. Angel alley, Whitechapel. 2. Artillery street, Spitalfields. 3.
Brewers hall, Addle street. 4. Cherry Garden lane, Rotherhith. 5.
Church lane, Limehouse. 6. Collier’s rents, White street, Southwark.
7. Curriers court, near Cripplegate. 8. Devonshire square, Bishopsgate
street without. 9. Dipping alley, Horselydown, Southwark. 10. Duke’s
street, near Pepper street. 11. Eagle street, Red lion street,
Holborn. 12. Flower de luce yard, Tooley street. 13. Glasshouse
street, Swallow street. 14. Goat yard passage, Horselydown. 15.
Johnson’s street, Old Gravel lane. 16. Little Wild street, Great Wild
street. 17. Little Wood street, Cripplegate. 18. Maze Pond street,
Southwark. 19. Maidenhead court, Great Eastcheap. 20. New Way, Maze,
Southwark. 21. Pennington’s street, Virginia street. 22. Pepper
street, Southwark. 23. Rose lane, Limehouse. 24. Rosemary branch
alley, Rosemary lane. 25. Rotherhith. 26. St. John’s court, Little
Hart street. 27. Sheer’s alley, White street, Southwark. 28. Snow
fields. 29. Unicorn yard, St. Olave’s. 30. Union yard, Horselydown
lane. 31. Vinegar row, Shoreditch.

BAPTIST _court_, by Boswell court, Carey street.*

BAPTIST’S HEAD _court_, Whitecross street.*

BARBERS. The art of surgery was anciently practised in this city by none
but the Barbers, who were incorporated by letters patent granted by
King Edward IV. in the Year 1461, and in 1512 an act was passed to
prevent any persons besides the Barbers practising surgery within the
city of London, and seven miles round. At length several persons, who
were not Barbers, being examined and admitted as practitioners in the
art of surgery, the parliament united them in the thirty-second year
of the reign of King Henry VIII. by the appellation of _the Masters or
Governors of the mystery or commonalty of Barbers and Surgeons of the
city of London_; and by this act all persons practising the art of
shaving, are strictly enjoined not to intermeddle with that of
surgery, except what belongs to drawing of teeth. Thus this company
obtained the name of Barber-Surgeons, which they continued to enjoy
till the eighteenth year of the reign of his present Majesty King
George II. when the Surgeons applying to Parliament to have this union
dissolved, were formed into a separate company; though the Barbers
were left in possession of the hall and theatre, and were constituted
a body politic, under the name of _the Master, Governors and
Commonalty of the mystery of Barbers of London_.

This company has a Master and three other Governors, a court of
Assistants of twenty-four members, and a very numerous livery.

BARBERS HALL, a fine edifice on the west side of Monkwell street,
consisting of a spacious hall room, a court room, theatre, library,
and other commodious offices. The grand entrance from Monkwell street
is enriched with the company’s arms, large fruit, and other
decorations. The court room has a fretwork ceiling, and is also
adorned with the pictures of King Henry VIII. and the court of
Assistants, in one fine piece; a portrait of King Charles II. and
other paintings. The theatre contains four degrees of cedar seats, one
above another, in an elliptical form, and the roof is an elliptical
cupola; this room is adorned with a bust of King Charles I. the
figures of the seven liberal sciences, and the twelve signs of the
Zodiac; the skins of a man and woman on wooden frames, in imitation of
Adam and Eve; the figure of a man flayed, done after the life, all the
muscles appearing in their due place, and proportion; the skeleton of
an ostrich; an human skeleton, with copper joints, and five other
skeletons of human bodies. But as this furniture was introduced by the
Surgeons, it is now of no use, and the theatre is entirely deserted.

This Hall is one of the works of that great architect Inigo Jones, and
is a masterpiece in its kind, that elegant simplicity which
characterises all his works, giving the spectator the highest
satisfaction.

BARBER’S _alley_, Brown’s lane, Spitalfields.*

BARBER’S POLE _alley_, St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark.*

BARBICAN, Aldersgate street, so called from a high watch tower which
stood there, from which a view might be taken of the whole city.
Barbican, according to Camden, being an Arabic word signifying a watch
tower.

BARE _lane_, Gravel lane.

BAREMERE’S ALMSHOUSE, in Almshouse yard, Hoxton, which was built about
the year 1701, by the Rev. Mr. Baremere, a Presbyterian Minister, for
eight poor women, who have no other allowance but half a chaldron of
coals each _per annum_. _Maitland_.

BARE _yard_, Bucklersbury.

BAREHOUSE _yard_, Silver street, Wood street.

BARKER’S _rents_, Paul’s alley, Red cross street.†

BARKING, a large market town in Essex, situated ten miles from London,
on a creek that leads to the Thames, from whence fish is sent up in
boats to London, the town being chiefly inhabited by fishermen. The
parish has been so much enlarged by lands recovered from the Thames,
and the river Rothing, which runs on the west side of the town, that
it has two chapels of ease, one at Ilford, and another called New
chapel, on the side of Epping forest, and the great and small tithes
are computed at above 600_l._ _per annum_. At a small distance from
the town, in the way to Dagenham, stood a large old house, where the
gunpowder plot is said to have been formed.

BARKING _alley_, Tower street, by Tower hill, so called from the church
of Allhallows, Barking.

BARLAM’S _mews_, New Bond street.†

BARLOW’S _court_, Coal yard, Broad St. Giles’s.

BARNABY _street_, Tooley street, Southwark.

BARNES, a village in Surrey, almost encompassed by the Thames. It lies
between Mortlake and Barn Elms, and is seven miles from London, and
five from Kingston.

BARNET, a market town in Hertfordshire, situated in the road to St.
Alban’s, eleven miles from London, on the top of a hill, whence it is
called High Barnet, and also Chipping, or Cheaping Barnet, from King
Henry the Second’s granting the monks of St. Alban’s the privilege of
holding a market here; the word Cheap, or Chepe, being an ancient word
for a market. As this place is a great thoroughfare, it is well
supplied with inns. The church is a chapel of ease to the village of
East Barnet. Here is a free school founded by Q. Elizabeth, and
endowed partly by that Princess, and partly by Alderman Owen, of
London, whose additional endowment is paid by the Fishmongers company,
who appoint 24 governors, by whom the master and usher are chosen to
teach seven children gratis, and all the other children of the parish
for 5_s_ a quarter. Here is also an almshouse founded and endowed by
James Ravenscroft, Esq; for six widows.

This place is remarkable for the decisive battle fought there between
the houses of York and Lancaster, on Easter day, 1468, in which the
great Earl of Warwick, stiled _the Setter up, and Puller down of
Kings_, was slain, with many others of the principal nobility. The
place supposed to be the field of battle, is a green spot, a little
before the meeting of the St. Alban’s and Hatfield roads: and here, in
the year 1740, a stone column was erected, on which is inscribed a
long account of that battle.

BARNET (EAST) a pleasant village in Hertfordshire, near Whetstone and
Enfield Chace, formerly much frequented on account of its medicinal
spring, which was discovered in a neighbouring common about an hundred
years ago. The church is a mean edifice; but the rectory is very
beneficial.

Here is the fine seat of the Lord Trevor, to which Queen Elizabeth
gave the name of Mount Pleasant.

BARNET’S _yard_, Mill bank.†

BARON’S ALMSHOUSE, in Elbow lane, Shadwell, was founded in the year
1682, by George Baron, for fifteen poor women, who also endowed it
with 5_l._ 4_s._ _per annum_ for bread.

BARRAT’S _rents_, Stepney Causeway.†

BARRET’S _court_, Horselydown, Fair street.†

BARROW’S _rents_, Windmill hill.†

BARTHOLOMEW _close_, near Smithfield, so called from its being situated
near the church of St. Bartholomew the Great.

BARTHOLOMEW _court_. 1. Houndsditch. 2. Throgmorton street.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW’S _Church_, situated at the south east corner of
Bartholomew lane, behind the Royal Exchange, was one of the churches
consumed in the general conflagration in 1666, and this structure
arose in its place. It consists of a very irregular body, with a tower
suited to it, the top of which, instead of pinnacles, a spire, or
turrets, is crowned with arches, supported by columns of the
Corinthian order. It is a rectory, in the gift of the Crown, and the
Rector receives 100_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

BARTHOLOMEW _lane_, extends from Threadneedle street to Lothbury, and is
so named from St. Bartholomew’s church at the corner.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW _the Great_, situated near the east end of Duck lane,
on the north east side of Smithfield, escaped the flames in 1666, and
is a large plain church, with a tower crowned with a turret. It is a
rectory in the patronage of the Earl of Holland, The Rector’s profits,
besides casualties, amount to about 60_l._ _per annum_.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW _the Less_, is seated on the south east side of
Smithfield, adjoining to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. It was founded in
the year 1102, and belonged to the neighbouring convent of the same
name; but as it was not destroyed by the fire in 1666, it remains in
the same state it was in before that dreadful calamity. It is a low
building, composed of brick and rough stone plaistered; and consists
of a roofed body with Gothic windows, and a tower with a corner
turret. This church is a vicarage, in the gift of the Lord Mayor,
Aldermen, and Common Council, who upon receiving the grant of the
church and hospital, covenanted to pay the Vicar 13_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._
_per annum_, which, with an allowance from the hospital, and
casualties, amounts to about 120_l._ _per annum_.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW’S HOSPITAL, on the south east of Smithfield, for the
cure of the poor, sick and lame, formerly belonged to the Priory of
St. Bartholomew in Smithfield; but both the priory and hospital being
dissolved by K. Henry VIII. that Monarch, in the last year of his
reign, founded the hospital anew, and endowed it with the annual
revenue of 500 marks, upon condition that the city should pay the same
sum, which proposal was readily embraced, and the managers of this
foundation were incorporated by the name of _The Hospital of the
Mayor, Commonalty and Citizens of London, Governors for the poor,
called Little St. Bartholomew’s, near West Smithfield_. Since that
time the hospital has received prodigious benefactions from great
numbers of charitable persons, by which means not only the poor of
London and Southwark, but the distressed of any other parts of the
King’s dominions, and from foreign countries, are taken in, whether
sick or maimed, and have lodging, food, attendance, and medicines,
with the advice and assistance of some of the best Physicians and
Surgeons in the kingdom, who belong to the hospital, and attend the
patients as occasion requires; they have also matrons and nurses, to
look after and assist them; and at their discharge when cured, some,
who live at a considerable distance, are relieved with money, cloaths,
and other necessaries, to enable them to return to their several
habitations. Pity it is that so noble and humane a foundation should
want any thing to render it perfect, and that every sick person who is
admitted, except such as have suffered by sudden accidents, as the
fracture or dislocation of a bone, should be obliged to deposit or
give security for the payment of a guinea, in case of death, in order
to defray the expence of the funeral; for by this some of the poorest
and most miserable, and consequently the most proper objects, are
unhappily excluded from reaping the benefit they might otherwise
receive from it: but this is also the case of several of the other
hospitals of this city; however many thousands of persons labouring
under the most dreadful diseases and wounds, are annually cured at
this hospital, and in those of Kent street in Southwark, and the Lock
at Kingsland, both of which are dependent on it. Besides all this,
there are great numbers of out-patients, who receive advice and
medicines gratis.

The ancient hospital which escaped the fire of London becoming
ruinous, it was found absolutely necessary in the year 1729 to rebuild
it; a plan for that purpose was formed, and a grand edifice erected,
by subscription, which was designed to be only one out of four noble
detached piles of building, to be afterwards raised, about a court or
area 250 feet in length, and 60 in breadth.

The original design is now nearly compleated, and this hospital
altogether forms a very elegant building, or rather buildings, for the
sides which compose the quadrangle do not join at the angles, as is
usual, but by four walls, each having a large gate which admits you
into the area, as may be seen in the print. Here is a staircase
painted and given by Mr. Hogarth, containing two pictures with figures
large as the life, which for truth of colouring and expression may vie
with any thing of its kind in Europe. The subject of the one is the
Good Samaritan, the other the Pool of Bethesda.

BARTLET’S _buildings_, Holborn.†

BARTLET’S _court_. 1. Bartlet’s street.† 2. Holborn hill.†

BARTLET’S _passage_, Fetter lane.†

BARTLET’S _street_, Red Lion street, Clerkenwell.†

BARTON _street_, Cowley street, Westminster.†

BARTON’S _rents_, Shoreditch.†

BARTRAM’S _yard_, Nightingale lane.†

BASINGHALL, a very ancient building now called Blackwell hall, which
see.

BASINGHALL _court_, Basinghall street.†

BASINGHALL _street_, Cateaton street, extends on the east and north
sides of Blackwell hall, anciently called Basing hall. Tho’ this
street is neither uniform nor regularly built, it has many handsome
houses inhabited by merchants. It received its name from its belonging
to the family of the Basings. _Stow._ See BLACKWELL HALL.

BASING _lane_, Bread street, Cheapside.†

BASKET _alley_, 1. Golden lane. 2. Goswell street.

BASKET-MAKERS, a fraternity by prescription, and not by charter;
however, they have the honour of being reckoned one of the city
companies. This community is governed by two Wardens and forty-eight
Assistants; but has neither livery nor hall.

BASSHAW’S _rents_, Love lane, Bank side, Southwark,

BASSISHAW _ward_, so called from a corruption of Basinghall, once the
principal house in it, is bounded on the north by Cripplegate ward, on
the west by that and Cheap wards, and on the south and east by Coleman
street ward. See the article BLACKWELL HALL.

This ward is very small, it only consisting of Basinghall street. Its
principal buildings are St. Michael’s church, also called Bassishaw
church; Blackwell hall; Coopers hall; Masons hall; and Weavers hall.

It is governed by an Alderman, his Deputy, four Common Council men,
seventeen wardmote inquestmen, two scavengers, two constables, and a
beadle: and the jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest in this ward,
serve in the several courts of Guildhall in the month of March.

BATCH’S _walk_, Ratcliff highway.†

BATEMAN’S BRIDGE _yard_, Upper Ground street, Southwark.†

BATEMAN’S _street_, May fair.†

BATTERSBY _court_, near King street, Westminster.†

BATTERSEY, a village in Surrey, situated on the river Thames, four miles
from London, and at the same distance from Richmond. The gardens about
this place are noted for producing the finest asparagus. It gave the
title of baron to the late Lord Viscount St. John, who had a seat
here, which is a plain old building. Here Sir Walter St. John founded
a free school for twenty boys.

BATES _street_, Ratcliff highway.†

BATH _court_, Queen street.

BATH _street_. 1. Cold Bath fields, thus named from the Cold Bath near
it. 2. Welbeck street, thus named from the Earl of Bath.

BATTLEBRIDGE. 1. Gray’s inn lane, 2. Mill lane, Tooley street,
Southwark; it was so called from Battle’s abbey; it standing over a
water-course, which flows out of the Thames, and formerly belonged to
that abbey. This bridge was therefore built and repaired by the Abbots
of that house. _Stow._

BATTLEBRIDGE _stairs_, near Mill lane, Tooley street.

BATT’S _rents_, Whitechapel Common.†

BAXTER’S _court_, Church street, Hackney.†

BAYNARD’S CASTLE _lane_, Thames street, so called from a castle of that
name built there by William Baynard Lord of Dunmow. _Camden._

BAYNING’S ALMSHOUSE, in Gunpowder alley, Crutched Friars, was erected in
the year 1631, by Paul Viscount Sudbury, for ten poor housekeepers;
but being surrendered to the parish, they have made it their
almshouse.

BEACH _lane_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate‡

BEACONSFIELD, a small town in Buckinghamshire, in the road to Oxford,
about 23 miles from London. It has several good inns, and is
remarkable for being the birth-place of Mr. Waller, the celebrated
poet, who had a great estate, and a handsome seat here, which is still
in the possession of Edmund Waller, Esq; his descendant. There is a
fine monument erected in the church yard, to the memory of Mr. Waller
the poet.

BEADLES _court_, Eagle street, Holborn.

BEAK _street_, Swallow street, Piccadilly, so called from most of the
houses belonging to Col. Beak.

BEAL’S _wharf_, Mill street, Tooley street.†

BEAR _alley_. 1. Addle hill, Thames street.* 2. Fleet ditch.* 3. London
wall.*

BEAR _court_, Butcher row, Ratcliff.*

BEARBINDER _lane_, Swithin’s lane, Cannon street.

BEAR GARDEN, Bank side, Southwark.

BEAR _lane_, Gravel lane, Southwark.†

BEAR KEY, or Bear quay, near the Custom house. There are two streets of
this name, Great and Little Bear Key, which lead from Thames street to
the water side. On the key opposite to them, are landed vast
quantities of corn, and formerly much bear, a small sort of barley,
now little used in England; tho’ a great deal of it is brewed into ale
and beer in Dublin, and from this grain Bear key undoubtedly took its
name.

BEAR _Key stairs_, Bear key.

BEAR’S _court_, Butcher row, Ratcliff cross.

BEAR’S FOOT _alley_, Bank side.

BEAR _street_, Leicester fields.

BEAR _yard_. 1. Fore street, Lambeth.* 2. Long walk, King John’s court.*
3. Silver street.* 4. Vere street, Claremarket.*

BEAR AND HARROW _court_, Butcher row, Temple bar.*

BEAR AND RAGGED STAFF _court_, Drury lane.*

BEAR AND RAGGED STAFF _yard_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*

BEARDLEY’S _yard_, Wapping wall.†

BEAUCHAMP _street_, Leather lane, Holborn.†

BEAUFORT’S _buildings_, in the Strand.†

BECK’S _rents_. 1. Ropemaker’s fields, Limehouse.† 2. Rosemary lane,
Little Tower hill.†

_Lords of the_ BEDCHAMBER, fourteen officers of great distinction,
under the Lord Chamberlain; the first of whom is Groom of the Stole.
They are usually persons of the highest quality, and their office is,
each in his turn, to wait one week in the King’s bedchamber, and there
to lie all night on a pallet bed by the King, and to supply the place
of the Groom of the Stole in his absence. They also wait upon the King
when he eats in private; for the cupbearers, carvers, and sewers do
not then wait. The Groom of the Stole has 2000_l._ a year, and the
rest of the Lords of the Bedchamber 1000_l._ a year each. See GROOM OF
THE STOLE.

_Grooms of the_ BEDCHAMBER, eight officers of considerable rank under
the Lords of the bedchamber, each of whom has a salary of 500_l._ _per
annum_.

BEDDINGTON, in Surrey, the seat and manor of the ancient family of the
Carews, is a noble edifice; but the wings are too deep for the body of
the house; for they should either have been placed at a greater
distance, or not have been so long. The court before them is fine, as
is the canal in the park, which lies before this court, and has a
river running through it. All the flat part of the park is taken up
with very fine gardens, which extend in vistas two or three miles. The
orangery is said to be the only one in England that is planted in the
natural ground, and the trees, which are above an hundred years old,
were brought out of Italy by Sir Francis Carew, Bart. They are,
however, secured in the winter by moveable covers. The pleasure house,
which was also built by Sir Francis, has the famous Spanish Armada
painted on the top of it, and under it is a cold bath. The church is a
beautiful small Gothic pile, built of stone, in the north and south
isles of which are several stalls after the manner of cathedrals: and
here is also two charity schools, one for boys, and the other for
girls.

BEDFORD _buildings_, near Gray’s inn.

BEDFORDBURY, Chandos street.

BEDFORD _court_. 1. Bedford street, Covent Garden. 2. Red Lion street,
Holborn. 3. In the Strand.

BEDFORD HOUSE. See BLOOMSBURY _square_.

BEDFORD _mews_, a street of stables near Grays inn walks.

BEDFORD _passage_, Southampton street.

BEDFORD _row_, near Gray’s inn.

BEDFORD _street_. 1. Covent garden, a handsome broad street. It takes
its name from the Duke of Bedford, who is at least ground landlord. 2.
Red Lion street, Holborn; a very handsome strait and well built
street, inhabited by persons of distinction.

BEDLAM, or BETHLEHEM HOSPITAL. See BETHLEM.

BEDNAL, or BETHNAL GREEN. See BETHNAL GREEN.

BEDNAL, or BETHNAL GREEN road, Mile End.

BEDWARD’S _court_, White street.†

BEEHIVE _alley_, Snow hill.*

BEEHIVE _court_, Little St. Thomas Apostles.*

BEER _lane_, a crooked lane leading from Tower street into Thames
street, opposite the Custom house.

BEGGAR’S ALMS _alley_, Rosemary lane.

BEGGAR’S BUSH _yard_, Gravel lane.

BEGGAR’S _hill_, Maid lane, Southwark.

BELL _alley_. 1. Aldersgate street without.* 2. Austin Friars.* 3. Budge
row.* 4. Canon street, Walbrook.* 5. Coleman street, Lothbury, where
there are two allies of this name.* 6. Dean street, Ratcliff highway.*
7. Dock head.* 8. Fenchurch street.* 9. Golden lane.* 10. Goswell
street.* 11. Great Carter lane.* 12. Great Eastcheap.* 13. Green
alley, Tooley street.* 14. Kingsland road.* 15. King street,
Westminster.* 16. Labour-in-vain hill, Thames street.* 17. Lamb
street.* 18. New stairs, Wapping.* 19. Old Bedlam.* 20. Old street.*
21. Saffron hill.* 22. Snow hill.* 23. Spital yard.* 24. Thieving
lane.* 25. Tooley street, Southwark.* 26. Turnmill street.* 27.
Walbrook.*

BELL _yard_, Bishopsgate street, without.*

BELL AND BEAR _alley_, Great Eastcheap.*

BELL _court_. 1. Gray’s inn lane.* 2. Great Carter lane.* 3. Grub
street.* 4. Moorfields.* 5. St. Martin’s le grand.* 6. Thomas street.

BELL _dock_, Wapping.*

BELL _lane_. 1. Lisham green.* 2. By Crispin street, Spitalfields.*

BELL _wharf_. 1. Tooley street. 2. Lower Shadwell.*

BELL _wharf stairs_. 1. Lower Shadwell.* 2. Thames street.*

BELL _inn yard_. 1. St. Margaret’s hill.* 2. In the Strand.*

BELL SAVAGE _inn yard_, Ludgate hill. This inn was so called from its
being kept by Isabella Savage, who was called in French _Belle
Sauvage_, or lovely Savage. _Fullers Church Hist_.

BELL _yard_. 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Coleman street.* 3. Fleet street.*
4. Fore street, Lambeth.* 5. Gracechurch street.* 6. Great Carter
lane.* 7. King’s street, Westminster.* 8. Little St. Martin’s lane,
Charing cross.* 9. Long alley, Moorfields.* 10. Mincing lane.* 11.
Mount street.* 12. New Fish street hill.* 13. Old Fish street hill.*
14. Rosemary lane.* 15. St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark.* 16. Stony
lane.* 17. Vine street.* 18. Whitechapel.* 19. Whitehorse street,
Ratcliff.*

BELL’S _alley_, St. Catherine’s lane.†

BELL’S _court_, St. Michael’s lane.

BELL’S _rents_. 1. Barnaby street.† 2. Mint street.†

BELL’S _wharf_, Millbank.†

BELLOWS _yard_. 1. In Fore street.* 2. In the Minories.*