Chapter I: Appendix

ON MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MAPS OF EARLY
LONDON 212

NOTES ON FIGURES

London and the Thames, from Speed's Map, 1610 _Frontispiece_

PAGE

FIG. 1.--Goddess of Hope. (Roman bronze found in London).
Restored from Roach Smith's _Collectanea_. About
two-thirds full size 4

FIG. 2.--Stone Weapons, from the Thames at Westminster. From
the Roach Smith Collection 7

FIG. 3.--Centre of Celtic Bronze Shield, from the Thames at
Wandsworth. Now in the British Museum 8

FIG. 4.--Celtic Bronze Swords 9

FIG. 5.--Coin of Cunobeline. Enlarged 10

FIG. 6.--Bronze Lamp, Roman, found in London 11

FIG. 7.--Coin of Claudius and another of Constantius, the
latter inscribed London (P. LON). Enlarged. The first shows
an equestrian statue over a triumphal arch lettered DE
BRITANN; the second an altar to Peace, inscribed BEAT
TRANQLITAS 18

FIG. 8.--Christian Monogram from Cakes of Pewter found at
Battersea. Now in the British Museum. One, in addition to
the [Greek: CHR], has the words SPES IN DEO; the other
[Greek: A·Ô·] 21

FIG. 9.--Bronze Bracelet found in London; ornamented with a
Cross. Now in the British Museum 23

FIG. 10.--Head of a Pin found in London. Now in the British
Museum. A little less than full size. The subject seems to
represent Constantine's vision of the Cross 24

FIG. 11.--Enamelled Plate of Bronze, about half size of
original, found in London. Now in the British Museum. From
Roach Smith's collection 25

FIG. 12.--Cross from Mosaic Pavement found in London. Now in
the British Museum. It forms the centre of a geometrical
pattern 27

FIG. 13.--Saxon Spear found in London, and now in the
British Museum 29

FIG. 14.--Coin of Halfdan, with Monogram of London. From a
unique example in the British Museum. It seems to have been
coined on the taking of London by the Dane leader in 872 35

FIG. 15.--Saxon Swordhilt, of pierced bronze. Now in the
British Museum. Found in London 36

FIG. 16.--Earliest printed view of London, from the _Cronycle
of Englonde_, Pynson, 1510 39

FIG. 17.--London and the Roman Roads: The Watling Street
through Greenwich and Edgware; the Erming Street through
Merton and Edmonton, called also the Stone Street south of
London; the Here Street through Brentford and Stratford 53

FIG. 18.--Roman Wall of London. Restored after the facts
given by Roach Smith; the battlements and ditch added 75

FIG. 19.--Detail of Roman Wall of London. From a drawing of
Roach Smith's 77

FIG. 20.--From the Common Seal. Reverse, enlarged, 1224. See
also Fig. 23; it shows the city wall with battlements and
turrets 78

FIG. 21.--Section of Roman Wall and Ditch. Restored from
excavation near Aldersgate recorded in _Archæologia_ 80

FIG. 22.--From Matthew Paris, 1236. From MS. in the British
Museum, describing the route to Jerusalem. It gives the names
of six gates, the spire of St. Paul's, etc., and refers to
the legend of "Troie la Nuvela" 83

FIG. 23.--The Common Seal of London, 1224. It shows St. Paul
patron of the City, such as he was figured on the City
banner, rising behind one of the gates; right and left the
Tower and Baynard's Castle 85

FIG. 24.--Fragment found in the South Wall, against the
river. From Roach Smith's _Collectanea_. It looks late work,
but is of marble 91

FIG. 25.--Fragment found in South Wall with the last 93

FIG. 26.--Danish Sword from the Thames at London. Recently
shown in the New Gallery. The hilt was inlaid in precious
metal. There are similar swords in the British Museum, called
the Scandinavian type 112

FIG. 27.--Plan showing the relation of the Central Wards and
the principal Streets; also the extent of the extra-mural
liberties. Notice especially how Bridge, Langbourne, and
Bishopsgate Wards lie over the two great streets, and meet at
the Fourways of the great Roman Roads. See Fig. 17 127

FIG. 28.--Saxon Brooch found in Cheapside. Of lead; nearly
full size. In the British Museum 153

FIG. 29.--Coin of Alfred, with Monogram of London. Enlarged.
The name in the field is that of the moneyer. Compare
monogram with Fig. 14, from which it seems to have been
copied 155

FIG. 30.--Tomb of King Ethelred, 1017. In Old St. Paul's.
From Hollar's drawing in Dugdale 162

FIG. 31.--Ninth or Tenth Century Tombstone from St. Paul's
Churchyard. Inscribed in runes. Now in the Guildhall Museum 164

FIG. 32.--Saxon Tomb from St. Benet Fink. Restored from
fragment in the British Museum; compared with one found at
Cambridge, like the entire figure 166

FIG. 33.--Head of Cross from St. John's, Walbrook. Now in the
British Museum 168

FIG. 34.--Saxon Coffin-lid from Westminster Abbey, North
Cemetery, now by entrance to Chapter-House. It had been added
to a Roman sarcophagus 170

FIG. 35.--Roman Pavement found in Threadneedle Street. Drawn
_in situ_ by Fairholt, 1854. From the original in the
author's collection 199

FIG. 36.--Roman Brick, inscribed London, about one-twelfth
full size. From Roach Smith 203

FIG. 37.--Inscriptions from Roman Brick. P·BRI·LON 203

FIG. 38.--Roman Tomb from outside of the East Walls. Restored
from fragments found together, and now in the British Museum 205

FIG. 39.--Inscription from Roman Tomb. Now in the British
Museum 206

FIG. 40.--End of a Roman Tomb found in London. Now in the
British Museum. From a drawing by W. Archer 207

FIG. 41.--Leaden Cist for funereal use, found in London, and
now in the British Museum 207

FIG. 42.--Plate of Figured Glass for Decoration, about
two-thirds full size. Now in the British Museum. Found in
London. Figure restored. From Roach Smith 208

FIG. 43.--Roman Inscription, from Clement Lane, E.C.; now
lost. About two feet high 209