Chapter I: Front Matter

RELIGIONS ANCIENT AND MODERN

MAGIC AND FETISHISM

RELIGIONS: ANCIENT AND MODERN.

_Foolscap 8vo. Price 1s. net per volume._

ANIMISM.

By EDWARD CLODD, Author of _The Story of Creation_.

PANTHEISM.

By JAMES ALLANSON PICTON, Author of _The Religion of the
Universe_.

THE RELIGIONS OF ANCIENT CHINA.

By Professor GILES, LL.D., Professor of Chinese in the
University of Cambridge.

THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT GREECE.

By JANE HARRISON, Lecturer at Newnham College, Cambridge,
Author of _Prolegomena to Study of Greek Religion_.

ISLAM.

By Professor T. W. ARNOLD, Assistant Librarian at the India
Office, Author of _The Preaching of Islam_.

MAGIC AND FETISHISM.

By Dr. A. C. HADDON, F.R.S., Lecturer on Ethnology at Cambridge
University.

THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT EGYPT.

By Professor W. M. FLINDERS PETRIE, F.R.S.

THE RELIGION OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA.

By THEOPHILUS G. PINCHES, late of the British Museum.

BUDDHISM. 2 vols.

By Professor RHYS DAVIDS, LL.D., late Secretary of The Royal
Asiatic Society.

HINDUISM.

By Dr. L. D. BARNETT, of the Department of Oriental Printed
Books and MSS., British Museum.

SCANDINAVIAN RELIGION.

By WILLIAM A. CRAIGIE, Joint Editor of the _Oxford English
Dictionary_.

CELTIC RELIGION.

By Professor ANWYL, Professor of Welsh at University College,
Aberystwyth.

THE MYTHOLOGY OF ANCIENT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.

By CHARLES SQUIRE, Author of _The Mythology of the British
Islands_.

JUDAISM.

By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS, Lecturer in Talmudic Literature in
Cambridge University, Author of _Jewish Life in the Middle
Ages_.

PRIMITIVE OR NICENE CHRISTIANITY.

By JOHN SUTHERLAND BLACK, LL.D., Joint Editor of the
_Encyclopædia Biblica_.

SHINTOISM.

MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIANITY.

ZOROASTRIANISM.

THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT ITALY.

_Other Volumes to follow._

MAGIC
AND FETISHISM

By
ALFRED C. HADDON, Sc.D., F.R.S.
UNIVERSITY LECTURER IN ETHNOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE

LONDON
ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE & CO. LTD.
16 JAMES STREET HAYMARKET
1906

Edinburgh: T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty

PREFATORY NOTE

It is by no means easy to do justice to such a large, comprehensive, and at the same time vague subject as magic in the small compass of a Primer, and part of even that small space had to be devoted to another subject. For sins of omission I must claim this excuse; for sins of commission I claim the indulgence of the reader.

A. C. H.

CONTENTS

MAGIC

I. SYMPATHETIC MAGIC.

A. Contagious Magic.

Hair, nail-pairings, etc. (3), scalp-lock (4), saliva (5),
luck-ball (5), footprints (6), clothes (7), rag bushes and
pin-wells (8), personal ‘ornaments’ (9), food (10), cannibalism
(10), sympathetic relations between persons (11), couvade (13).

B. Homœopathic Magic.

Plants (15), rain-making (16), wind-making (18), increase of
plants (18), and of animals (19), luring animals to be caught
(19), human effigies to injure or kill people (20).

II. MAGICAL POWER OF NAMES AND WORDS.

Objection to names being mentioned of people, fairies, and
animals (22), names of power (24), satire (26), _geis_ (27),
tabu (28).

III. TALISMANS AND AMULETS.

Stones and metals (30), colour (31), bones, teeth, claws,
etc. (32), lucky pig (33), amulets against the evil eye (33),
luck-bone (39).

IV. DIVINATION—(40).

V. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE MAGIC.

A. Public Magic.

Australian _intichiuma_ totem ceremonies (41), corn-planting
dance of the Musquakie (45).

B. Private Magic.

Folk-remedies (46), love-charms (47), nefarious magic (48).

VI. MAGICIANS.

Training of sorcerers and societies of magicians (51).

VII. PSYCHOLOGY OF MAGICAL PRACTICES.

Nervous instability (53), suggestion (53), make-believe (55),
tabu (55), _mana_ (58), projective will-power or telepathy
(60), from spell to prayer (61), the impossible not undertaken
(62), loopholes in case of failure (63).

FETISHISM

I. DEFINITION.

1. Etymological (66), 2. Historical (66), 3. Dogmatic (67).

II. ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS OF FETISHISM.

May be any object (72), a symbolic charm with sympathetic
properties (74), a sign or token representing an ideal notion
or being (76), habitation of a spiritual being (77), vehicle
for communication of a spirit (79), instrument by which spirit
acts (80), possesses personality and will (83), may act by own
will or by foreign spirit (84), spirit and material object can
be dissociated (87), worshipped, sacrificed to, talked with
(89), petted and ill-treated (90).

III. FETISHISM AS A FORM OF RELIGIOUS WORSHIP—(91).

MAGIC