Chapter I: Front Matter

MEDIÆVAL LONDON

_from a MS. of the Poems of Charles, Duke of Orleans. British Museum._]

MEDIÆVAL LONDON

_By_ WILLIAM BENHAM, D.D., F.S.A.
_Rector of St. Edmund the King, Lombard Street,
and Honorary Canon of Canterbury_,

AND

CHARLES WELCH, F.S.A.
_Librarian to the Corporation of London_.

LONDON
SEELEY AND CO. LIMITED, GREAT RUSSELL STREET
NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
1901

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

LONDON BRIDGE AND THE TOWER. From a Manuscript of the
Poems of Charles, duke of Orleans. British Museum,
16 F. ii. _Frontispiece_

A TOURNAMENT. From a Manuscript of the Romance of the
Sire Jehan de Saintre. British Museum, Nero D. ix. _P._ 10

RICHARD II. RIDING OUT OF LONDON TO THE WAR IN IRELAND.
From a Manuscript of Froissart's Chronicles. British
Museum, Harl. 4380. _P._ 18

RICHARD II. DELIVERED BY BOLINBROKE TO THE CITIZENS OF
LONDON. From a Manuscript of the Metrical History of
Richard II. British Museum, Harl. 1319. _P._ 34

THE FUNERAL OF RICHARD II. From a Manuscript of
Froissart's Chronicles. British Museum, Harl. 4380. _P._ 74

THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A PEN DRAWING OF LONDON FROM
WESTMINSTER TO GREENWICH, BY ANTONIE VAN DEN WYNGAERDE.
Bodleian Library, Oxford.

Of this Flemish artist very little is known. There exists a
rescript of Philip II. addressed to Margaret of Parma, regent of
the Low Countries, giving him permission to remove with his
goods and to settle in Spain, from which it is supposed that he
was in the King's service. The drawing was made, probably for
Philip, before the fall of the spire of St. Paul's in 1561. It
is unfinished, blank spaces being left for Whitehall, Bridewell,
and some other buildings. There are also memoranda on the
drawing which show that the artist intended to colour it, leaden
roofs, for instance, being marked "blau." The Bodleian Library
possesses forty-seven other drawings of his, two of which are
here reproduced: one of Whitehall, intended no doubt to fill the
blank space in the large view, and one of Greenwich Palace from
the Observatory Hill, which is coloured in a simple manner. It
is not improbable that Wyngaerde left England on the death of
Queen Mary. A copy of the drawing of London, much altered and
embellished, was made and engraved by N. Whittock in 1849.

WESTMINSTER TO CHARING CROSS.

THE STRAND.

ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.

LONDON BRIDGE.

BILLINGSGATE AND ST. MARY SPITAL.

THE TOWER.

GREENWICH PALACE, FROM THE THAMES.

GREENWICH PALACE, FROM THE OBSERVATORY HILL.

THE PALACE OF WHITEHALL.

DRAWINGS BY JOHN WYKEHAM ARCHER. British Museum.

John Wykeham Archer (_b._ 1808, _d._ 1864), a water-colour
painter, engraver, and antiquary, was employed by another
antiquary, Mr. W. Twopeny, more than half a century ago, to make
twenty drawings yearly of London antiquities, a work which he
carried on until his death. Many of the buildings which he drew
have since been destroyed, or have undergone restoration. The
whole collection was acquired for the British Museum, and fills
seventeen portfolios. A very few of the drawings were etched by
Archer for his book entitled _Vestiges of Old London_.

ROMAN BATH IN THE STRAND. 1841.

BASTION OF THE CITY WALL IN THE CHURCHYARD OF ST. GILES'S,
CRIPPLEGATE. 1841.

THE CRYPT OF GUILDHALL. 1842.

THE CRYPT OF ST. MICHAEL'S, ALDGATE. 1841.

THE CRYPT OF MERCHANT TAYLORS' HALL.

GARDEN HOUSE, CANONBURY, BUILT BY THE LAST PRIOR OF ST.
BARTHOLOMEW'S, SMITHFIELD. 1841.

AUSTIN FRIARS. 1842.

A CELL IN THE LOLLARDS' TOWER, LAMBETH. 1841.

ENTRANCE TO THE LOLLARDS' TOWER. 1841.

THE GUARD ROOM, LAMBETH. 1841.

THE CRYPT OF ST. STEPHEN'S, WESTMINSTER. 1842.

GATEWAY OF THE BLOODY TOWER. 1847.

MACHINERY FOR RAISING THE PORTCULLIS, TOWER OF LONDON. 1850.

WARDERS' LODGINGS, TOWER OF LONDON. 1847.

_The coloured Illustrations are printed by Mr. Edmund Evans at the Racquet Court Press._

MEDIÆVAL LONDON