Chapter XV: Appendix

COMPELLED by the nature of their work to be long absent from home ports, seamen are frequently in ignorance of the current of longshore opinion. Newspapers do not reach out to the sea-routes (as yet), and the media of Guild Gazettes and Association Reporters come somewhat late on the tide of an appreciation. The tremendous historical importance of the Nation's Thanks to its Fighting Forces (in which the Merchants' Service was included) has not adequately been realized by the merchantmen. Some do not even know of it. For these reasons--not in a spirit of 'pride above desert'--the writer quotes the following:

The Resolution of Parliament of October 29, 1917, placed upon record--

"That the thanks of this House be accorded to the
officers and men of the Mercantile Marine for the
devotion to duty with which they have continued to
carry the vital supplies to the Allies through
seas infested with deadly perils."

A year later, an equally generous appreciation of the work of the Merchants' Service was issued by the Board of Admiralty.

"On the occasion of the first Meeting of the Board
of Admiralty after the signing of the German
Armistice, their Lordships desire, on behalf of
the Royal Navy, to express their admiration and
thanks to the Owners, Masters, Officers, and Crews
of the British Mercantile Marine, and to those
engaged in the Fishing Industry, for the
incomparable services which they have rendered
during the War, making possible and complete the
Victory which is now being celebrated.

"The work of the Mercantile Marine has been
inseparably connected with that of the Royal Navy,
and without the loyal co-operation of the former,
the enemy's Submarine Campaign must inevitably
have achieved its object. The Mercantile Marine
from the beginning met this unprecedented form of
warfare with indomitable courage, magnificent
endurance, and a total disregard of danger and
death, factors which the enemy had failed to take
into account and which went far towards defeating
his object.

"In no small measure also has the success achieved
against the submarine been due to the interest
taken by Owners in the defensive equipment of
their ships, and to the ability, loyalty, and
technical skill displayed by Masters and Officers
in carrying out Admiralty regulations which,
though tending to the safety of the vessels from
submarine risks, enormously increased the strain
and anxiety of navigation. The loyal observance of
these precautions has been the more commendable
since the need for absolute secrecy, on which
safety largely depended, has prevented the reasons
for their adoption being in all cases disclosed.

"Further, the Convoy System, which has played such
an important part in frustrating the designs of
the enemy and securing the safe passage of the
United States Army, could never have attained its
success but for the ability and endurance
displayed by Masters, Officers, and crews of the
Merchant Service forming these Convoys. This
system has called for the learning and practising
of a new science--that of station-keeping--the
accuracy of which has depended in no small measure
on the adaptability and skill of the Engineers and
their Departments.

"Their Lordships also desire to acknowledge the
ready response of Owners to the heavy calls made
on the Merchant Service for Officers and men to
meet the increasing requirement of the Navy. On
board our ships of every type, from the largest
Dreadnought down to the smallest Patrol Boat are
to be found Officers and men of the Merchant Navy
who have combined with those of the Royal Navy in
fighting the enemy and defeating his nefarious
methods of warfare at sea.

"The Merchant Service and the Royal Navy have
never been so closely brought together as during
this War. In the interests of our glorious Empire
this connection must prove a lasting one."

The Resolution of Parliament of August 6, 1919, placed upon record--

"That the thanks of this House be accorded to the
officers and men of the Mercantile Marine for the
fine and fearless seamanship by which our people
have been preserved from want and our cause from
disaster."

INDEX

ABERDEEN, 82

Admiralty, xiii, 11, 32, 35-37, 41, 42, 64, 110, 113, 144, 178, 195,
255

Adriatic, 25, 99

_Agnes Whitwell_, 192

Aleppo, 4

"Allo," 118, 119

Amadas, 6

_Anglo-Californian_, 18

Antwerp, 45, 78

_Aquitania_, 13, 100

_Arabic_, 253

Arctic Ocean, 25

Arklow, 82

Arlington, 108

Armada, The Great, 4, 6

_Atalanta_, 82

Atlantic, 107, 117, 128, 178, 218, 224, 225

Atlantic City, 104, 109

_Augustine_, 62, 63, 66

Australia, 126

Austrian Navy, 99

_Avocet_, 85

BABYLON, 4

Backhouse, John, 5

Baffin, 6

Bahia, 191, 204

Balsara, 4

Barlow, 6

Barnegat Lighthouse, 109

Beaumaris, 78

Beaverbrook, Lord, xiii

_Belgian Prince_, 173, 253

Bell, Captain, 79

Bengal, 9

Bennett, Arnold, xiii

Bermuda, 107, 108

Berry, 11

Biggatt, William, 5

_Birchgrove_, 85

Black Middens, 78

Blake, 10

Board of Trade, 61-66, 121, 131, 185

Boer War, 22

Boom defences, 100, 191, 206

Bordeaux, 55

Boston, 108

_Boy Ernie_, 101

_Boy Jacob_, 78

Bremen Hansa Line, 31

Brennell, Captain, 85

Bridgwater, 10

Bristol Channel, 80, 116

_Britannic_, 78

_British Standard_, 209, 210, 211, 215

Brixham, 101

_Brother Fred_, 192

Brownrigg, Rear-Admiral Sir Douglas, xiii

_Brussels_, 79

_Cabotia_, 114

Cagliari, 181

Calcutta, 204

_Calgarian_, 178

_California_, 253

_Cameronia_, 140

Canada, 126, 128

Canute, 141, 142

Cape Cod, 108

Cardiff, 181

Caspian Sea, 4

Cats, 198-99

Cavendish, Thomas, 6

Cerigo Channel, 114, 132

Channel, The, 88, 89, 95, 96, 131, 147

Charles II, 57

Chaucer, 55

_Chelmsford_, 204

Cheshire, 244, 247

China, 22, 165

_Cinderella_, 210, 211

Clyde, xi, 100, 116

Cochrane, Lord, 181

Collins, Captain Greenville, 57, 58, 64

_Collonia_, 196

_Commissioner_, 82

Coney Island, 230

Constantinople, 4

Contalmaison, 51

Cook, James, 10

Copenhagen, 11

_Coquet_, 173

Cork, 85

Cornford, L. Cope, xiii

Costello (boatswain of _Gull_, trawler), 99

_Cottingham_, 80, 81

Coverley, Captain, 114

_Crane_, 99

Crimea, 22

Crystal Palace, 122

Cunard Line, 118, 119

Custom House, 184, 185

DAEDALUS Light, 170

Dampier, 10

Davis, 6

Deal, 77, 89, 230

Deptford, 56, 58

_Deutschland_, 104

_Devonshire_ (East Indiaman), 9

Dieppe, 31

_Dieudonne_, 192

Dixon, W. Macneile, xiii

Dogger Bank, 99

Doiran, 133

Downs, The, 9, 88-90, 96

Drake, 6

_Drei Geschwister_, 85

Dublin, 15

EAST India Company, 9

Eddystone Lighthouse, 91

Egypt, 22, 126

Elbow Buoy, 97

_Emden_, 164

_Empress of Fort William_, 95

Esperanto, 169, 203

FAIR Head, 117

_Falaba_, 164

_Fermo_, 101

Fishermen, 98-102, 206, 255

Flanders, 51, 79, 126

_Floandi_, 99

Foley, 11

Forbes, Captain, 63

Foreign consuls, 185

_Formidable_, 101

_Fortuna_, 192

France, 125, 126

_Franz Fischer_, 85

Frobisher, 6

Fryatt, Captain, 79

_Fuerst_, 27, 28

GALATZ, 170

Gallipoli, 127

"Gamecock" Fleet, 99

Garron Head, 116

German Navy, 17, 24, 26, 28, 41, 253
Crimes on the sea, 170-74, 253
Fishing-boats, 79, 100, 101
Hospital ships, 92, 173, 253
Lightships, 92
Merchantmen, 17, 81, 82, 85, 114, 164, 173
Mines, 92, 95
Rafts and open boats, 92
Submarine minelayers, 80, 92
_See under_ Merchants' Service: German _Schrecklichkeit_, and
Submarine piracy
Submarines, 17-20, 37, 41-43, 79-86, 95, 96, 107-9, 113-15, 118-19,
173, 177, 181, 182, 237-40, 252-53, 255-56

Gibbs, Richard, 5

Gibraltar, 126, 183

Glasgow, 33, 39, 78, 116

Goodwin Sands, 89, 96

_Gowan Lea_, 99, 100

Grand Banks, 103

Gravesend, 3, 59

Greece, King of, 63

Greenwich Mean Time, 191

_Gulflight_, 109

_Gull_ (trawler), 99

HAKLUYT, Richard, 4, 5, 9

Halifax, 108

Hardy, 11

Harwich, xi, 90, 253

Hawkins, Sir John, 6

Henderson, Algernon C. F., v

Henry VIII, 6

Hohenzollern, 174

Hollesay Bay, 90

Holy Land, 54

Horn, Cape, 77

Hudson, 6

Hudson Bay, 86

Hudson River, 217, 218

Hull, 90

ICELAND, 170

Imperial War Museum, xiii

India, 22, 126

International Code of Signals, 169

Islay, 117

Isle of Man, 32

Istria, 55

_Jane Williamson_, 82

Japan, 178

Java, 13

Johnson, Dr., 47-48

_Justitia_, 78

_Karlsruhe_, 104

_Kashmir_, 227

Keith, Captain, 131

Kiel, 24

King John, 55

Kingsdown, 89

King's Harbour Master, 203

Kingsway, 124

_Koelnische Zeitung_, 81

_Kronprinz Wilhelm_, 104

_Lady of the Lake_, 79

Lamport and Holt Line, 109

Langton, Stephen, Archbishop of Canterbury, 55

Leggatt (of _Crane_), 99

Leghorn, 181

_Leviathan_, 135

Leyland Line, 117, 118, 119

Liege, 27

Lightships, 57, 91-96
Gull Lightship, 53, 89, 93, 96
Ostend Lightship, 92
Royal Sovereign Lightship, 95
Shambles Lightship, 95
South Goodwin Lightship, 95

_Linn_ ("frigot"), 204

Liver Buildings, 49, 247

Liverpool, 62, 69, 78, 103, 116, 135, 245, 249

_Lobelia_, 100

London, 89, 213

Louis XIV, of France, 91

Lowestoft, 90

_Lusitania_, 164, 173, 253

MALAY pirates, 165

_Maloja_, 95

Malta, 126, 128, 132, 182

Manchester, 124

_Manchester Commerce_, 164

Manhattan, 223

"Manual on Seamanship," 144

Marconi, 123

Marconi Company, 110

_Marechal de Villars_, 82

_Margaret_, 15

_Mariston_, 173

Maritime Code, 54 _seq._

_Marmion_, 191, 192, 211

Marseilles, 128, 131, 132

_Mary Rose_, 178

_Massilia_, 186, 210

_Mayflower_, 236

Mayo, Walter H., xiii

Meadowside, 140

Mediterranean, 30, 114, 127, 128, 178, 182, 196

_Melampus_, 253

Merchant Adventurers, 4, 5

Merchants' Service:
Growth, 3-5;
parent of Navy, 6, 18;
Imperial significance, xii, 10, 12, 14, 15, 126;
unrecognized work, 10, 46 _seq._;
educational function, 11;
introduction of steamships, 11, 12, 13;
international supremacy, 12, 13;
outbreak of Great War, 14, 24, 163;
submarine piracy, 17, 18 _seq._, 51, 177, _passim_;
arming of, 19, 37 _seq._, 113-5;
differences with Navy, 7, 21-25;
reconciliation, 25 _seq._;
liaison with Navy, 14, 18-19, 21-43, 120-3, 134, 191, 197, 199-203,
255-6 _passim_;
commerce-raiders, 28, 51;
Naval War Staff, 30 _seq._;
transporting of troops, 14, 30 _seq._, 44, 45, 125-40, 223, 224-51;
popular recognition of, and the longshore view, 46 _seq._, 254;
discipline, 64, 68-71;
wanted, a Ministry of Marine, 66;
manning, 68-73;
German _Schrecklichkeit_, 72, 73, 80-85, 92, 173, 203, 209;
coastal Services, 77-86;
war-time navigation, 85-6, 87-95;
traditions, 4, 5, 9-13, 23, 98, 99-100;
signals and wireless, 110-3, 120-4, 169-70, 191;
destroyer escort, 29-30, 126-8, 178, 203, 235;
torpedoing of a transport, 137-40, 237-40;
camouflage and dazzle, 163-7;
naming of standard ships, 168;
owners' customs clerks, 184, 185;
clearing for sea, 184-9;
convoy conference, 198-204;
putting to sea, 205-16;
unloading and loading, 217-23, 247-51. _See under_ Navy

Merchant Shipping Act, 67

Mersey, 49, 80, 107, 241, 244

Mexico, 230

Middleton, 6

Minesweeping, 25, 88, 89, 91, 95, 97-99, 102, 205

Ministry of Information, xiii

Ministry of Shipping, 178, 181

Miramichi, 204

'M N', 252-53

Mobbs, Engineman, 99

Mons, 126

Monson, 6

Muscovy Company, 5

NANTUCKET Lightship, 104, 107, 109

_Nautical Magazine_, xiii

Navesink, 109

Navy:
Offshoot from Merchants' Service, 6, 18;
press-gangs, 9;
naval science, 11;
arming of merchantmen, 19, 37;
War Staff, 30 _seq._, 128;
Naval Transport Officer, 32 _seq._, 131, 247, 251;
Shipping Intelligence Officer, 36 _seq._, 185;
D.A.M.S., 37-8, 185;
'Otters,' 38, 185;
convoys, 41, 110, 121, 178-83, 189-97, 198-204, 205-12, 255;
anti-submarine measures, 41-3, 95-6, 110, 113, 203, 255;
'Q. ships,' 42;
gunnery, 43;
wireless on sea-going merchantmen, 110-3;
Transport Department, 126, 127;
Salvage Section, 144-7;
Examination Service, 190. _See under_ Merchants' Service

_Nebraskan_, 109

_Neleus_, 226, 229, 232, 233, 234

Nelson, 11, 22

_Nelson_, 79

_Nemesis_, 139

Neutral shipping, 17, 91, 177, 203

New Brighton, 247

Newhaven, 31

New Jersey, 217

Newport, U.S.A., 107

New York, 27, 103, 109, 204

_New York Herald_, 109

Nichols, Skipper, 99

Nile, 11

Nore, 97

Norfolk, Va., 104, 191

North River, 217-23, 230

North Sea, 85, 88, 252

_Olympic_, 131

'Otters,' 38, 80, 166

Oversay, 117

PADRIG Flats, 148

_Palermo_, 81

_Palm Branch_, 18, 19, 20

Patrols, 28, 114, 117, 128, 150, 189, 190, 236

_Pearl Shell_, 191, 192

_Persia_, 253

Philanthropic Seamen's Societies, 65

Pilots, 59, 87-91, 98, 149, 187, 189, 210, 218, 251

Plymouth, 205, 233
Hoe, 198
Sound, 207

Poldhu, 226

Portliskey, 81

_Present Help_, 97, 98

Prince Line, 109

_Provident_, 101

Prussian Guard, 51

Psiloriti, 132

Purchas, 5

_Queen Alexandra_, 131

Quetta Staff College, 30

RAMSGATE, 56, 98

Rate of Exchange, 103, 109

Rathbone, Master John, 11

Rathlin Island, 116

Rathlin Sound, 116

Rea (of _Crane_), 99

_Redcap_, 82

Richard Coeur de Lion, 54, 55

_Rifleman_, 139

River Plate, 4, 13, 181, 199

Roles d'Oleron, 54 _seq._

Rowlatt, Mr. Justice, 62

_Royal Edward_, 127

Royal Naval Reserve, 23-25, 36-37, 41, 64, 122, 197

Royal Naval Reserve (_Temporary_), 18, 25, 26

Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, 122

Rozhdestvensky, 98

Rue Point, 117

ST. HELENS, 131

_St. Paul_, 108

Salonika, 128, 132, 133, 183

Salvage, 141-62
Salving a merchantman, 147-56
Repairing in dry dock, 156-62

Sandon, 251

Sandy Hook, 230

San Miguel, 170

_Sarah Pritchard_, 78

_Seahorse_, 210

Seaplanes, 85, 92, 150, 182, 215

Sea-slang, 26

Selsey Bill, 95

_Serapis_, 173

Shanghai, 42

Sir Ralph the Rover, 91

Skullmartin, 116

Smeaton, 91

Smith (of _Crane_), 99

South Africa, 126

Southampton, 65, 67, 129, 131

Southampton Water, 131

_Speedy_, 181

Stevedores, 185, 186, 218

Straits of Dover, 85

Strand, 124

_Strongbow_, 178

Suda Bay, 128, 132

Suez Canal, 137

Sutherland, 132

THAMES, 78, 79, 86, 184, 252

_Thordis_, 79

_Thracia_, 173

_Titan_, 149-55

_Titanic_, 123

Tor Point, 116

Trafalgar, 11

Trinity Bay, 89

Trinity House, 56-61, 88, 95, 149

Tripolis, 4

Turkey Company, 9

_Tuscania_, 15

Tyne, 78, 86

_Umaria_, 173

United States, 72, 89, 103, 128, 178

United States Seamen's Act, 72

U 53, 109

VALENCIA, 13

Valparaiso, 42

_Vanilla_, 101

Verdun, 230

Virginia, 104

_Virginia_, 114

Volapuek, 169

_Volturno_, 123

_Vosges_, 17, 18

WALMER, 89

_Wandle_, 79

'War Channel,' 86, 88

_War Ordnance_, 209, 211, 213

War Risks Associations, 36

_War Trident_, 191, 192, 195-97

Waterford, 30

Watt, Skipper Joseph, 99

Westmark Shoal, 149, 150

White Star Line, 109

Whymper, F., xiii

Wilhelmshaven, 24, 100

_William_, 82

_William_ (East Indiaman), 9

Wood, Walter, xiii

YARMOUTH, 90

Yarmouth, I. of W., 141

ZEPPELINS, 85, 92

PRINTED AT
THE COMPLETE PRESS
WEST NORWOOD
LONDON

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes:

Text uses both propeller and propellor.

Obvious punctuation errors repaired.

Page 47, "hard" changed to "herd" (herd with his high-heeled)

Page 56, "Brethern" changed to "Brethren" (Brethren of Trinity held their)

Page 78, "vayage" changed to "voyage" (a coasting voyage could not)

Page 86, "upChannel" changed to "up Channel" (that passes up Channel)

Page 92, "Ostende" changed to "Ostend" (they shelled the Ostend Lightship)

Page 153, "mess-kids" changed to "mess-kits" (of pots and mess-kits)

Page 178, "warcraft" changed to "war craft" to match rest of usage (of strange war craft)

Page 196, "knoters" changed to "knotters" (bunch of the eight-knotters)

Page 226, "slatt" changed to "slat" (A slat of driving spray)

Page 257, "5 ," changed to "57," (Collins, Captain Greenville, 57,)

Page 258, "254-55" changed to "255-56" (252-53, 255-56)

Page 259, "254" changed to "255" (Fishermen, 98-102, 206, 255)

Page 259, "8" changed to "9" (traditions, 4, 5, 9-13)

Page 259, the reference to page 136 was removed as this is a blank page following an illustration. The original read (coastal Services, 77-86, 136;)