Chapter XX: Appendix: II

NAMES OF THE MONTHS IN THE MEXICAN AND MAYA CALENDARS

MAYA MEXICAN
|
/--------------/ \---------------\
Yucatan Kakchiquel Aztec
Pop (July 16) Tacaxepual (Feb. 1) Atlcaualco (Feb. 2)
Uo Nabey Tumuzuz Tlacaxipeualiztli
Zip Rucan Tumuzuz Tozoztontli
Zotz Zibix Uei Tozoztli
Tzec Uchum Toxcatl
Xul Nabey Mam Etzalqualiztli
Yaxkin Rucab Mam Tecuiluitontli
Mol Likinka Uei Tecuiluitl
Chen Nabey Tok Tlaxochimaco
Yax Rucab Tok Xocouetzi
Zac Nabey Pach Ochpaniztli
Ceh Rucab Pach Teotleco
Mac Tziquin Kih Tepeiluitl
Kankin Cakan Quecholli
Muan Ibota Panquetzaliztli
Pax Katik Atemoztli
Kayab Itzcal Kih Tititl
Cumhu Pariche Izcalli
_Uayeh_ _Tzapi Kih_ _Nemontemi_

INDEX

Acamapitzin, 19, 20, 101, 120

Acocolco, 14, 17, 18

Acolhua, 11, 14, 16, 17, 20, 21, 36, 104

Acolhuatzin, 16, 19

agriculture, 164, 165, 271, 298

Ahau Chamahez, 224

Ahau-Quiché, 207, 220

Ah Bolon Tzacab, 220, 221, 263, 264

Ahcanul, 206

Ahchel, 206

Ahchun Caan, 220

Ahchuykak, 224

Ahcitz, 221

Ahkak Nexoi, 221

Ahmekat Tutul Xiu, 205

Ahpua, 221

Ahpula, 204

Ahulneb, 220–224

Ah-uuk-chek-nale, 233

Ahzuitok Tutul Xiu, 205

Akahal, 363

Akanum, 221

Alta Vera Paz, 194, 276, 286, 296, 298, 302, 309, 311–317, 367

Amalcum, 221

Amapan, 166

Amazon, R., 312

Amimitl, 32, 54, 100

amusements, 165–168, 301–303

Anonymous Conqueror, 105, 112

Antilles, 203, 229

aqueduct, 160, 336

architecture, 157–160, 169–184, 303, 304, 319–354, 369

atamalqualiztli, 73

atemoztli, 72

Atitlan, 200, 202, 208, 284

Atlatonan, 46

Atlaua, 32

atlcaualco, 65

Atlixco, 194

Auitzotl, 25, 26, 81, 88, 127, 171

Avilix, 220

Axayacatl, 24, 25, 115, 120, 125, 143, 158

axe, ceremonial, 236–238, 338

Ayopechtli, 54

Azcapotzalco, 11, 12, 16, 18–21, 53, 110, 120, 126, 144, 188, 356,
365

Aztlan, 12–14, 16

Bacabs, 220, 236, 238, 247, 260, 263–267, 269

Badjok, 128

Balam-Agab, 207, 280

Balam-Quitzé, 207, 280

Balcalar, 205, 214, 297, 349

Baquahol, 212

Basongo Meno, 128

beds, 159

bee-keeping, 243, 267, 268, 299

Benque Viejo, 276, 307, 351

birth, 160, 224

blood-offerings. _See_ penitential rite

Borgia codex, 234, 257, 362

Boturini codex, 14

Breton, Miss A., 334

Brinton, Prof. D. G., 97, 281, 282

British Honduras, 179, 195, 228, 276, 277, 305, 307, 309, 311,
315–318, 320, 334, 350, 351, 366

Burgoa, 28, 101, 107, 125, 179, 228

burial, 103–108, 138, 275–278, 352, 367, 369, 370

Bushongo, 128

Cablahuh Tihax, 213

Cacamatzin, 26

calendar, 47, 52, 59–79, 86, 88, 245–259, 263–271, 355, 356,
360–363, 368

Calendar Stone, 27, 50, 66, 73

Calmecac, 47, 90, 93, 94, 122, 123, 130, 162

calpulli, 89, 115–117, 126, 282

Camaxtli, 32, 33, 45, 56, 83, 125

Camazotz, 232, 242

Campeche, 199, 200, 220, 261, 262, 297

cannibalism, 67, 82

canoes, 203, 299, 300

causeways, 159

Cavek, 207, 220, 281

caves, 277, 294, 317, 352

Cavizimah, 210

Cay Batz, 212

Cay Noh, 212

Ce Acatl, 32, 46

Cempoala, 182

censers, 186, 188, 273, 315

Centzon Mimixcoa, 32, 33, 37, 46, 51, 55

Centzon Totochtin, 42, 43, 52

Centzon Uitznaua, 32, 71, 243

Cerro Montoso, 195

Chac (god), 220, 221, 229, 238, 268, 269

Chac (priests), 260, 266–270

Chacnouitan, 205

Chacula, 302, 309, 311, 315, 317, 320, 365, 367

Chac Xib Chac, 206

Chalcatongo, 80, 107

Chalchiuhtlatonac, 54

Chalchiuhtlicue, 37, 43, 51, 54, 60, 62, 64, 65

Chalco, 11, 16, 21–24, 114

Chalmeca, 66, 92

Chama, 310

Champoton, 205, 292

Chantico, 53, 62

Chapala, Lake, 6, 189

Chapultepec, 14, 17, 18, 160

Chel, 206, 207

Chiapas, 25, 26, 88, 127, 220, 228, 252, 261, 286, 290, 304, 308,
309, 312, 365, 366, 368

chicauaztli, 69, 301

Chichen Itza, 204–207, 214, 219, 227, 234, 261, 262, 278, 289–291,
301–303, 310, 319, 320, 322, 324, 328, 331, 333, 334, 336,
346–351, 355, 359–361, 364, 366

Chichimec, 5, 7, 12, 16, 18, 19, 23, 25, 28, 29, 32, 38, 43, 44,
56, 80, 103, 116, 124, 132, 150, 151, 154, 156, 159, 163, 164,
291, 364, 366

Chicome Coatl, 38, 39, 40, 44, 49, 67, 70

Chicomoztoc, 11, 12, 14, 16, 214, 355

Chiconquauhtli, 16

Chilan Balam, Books of, 203–205, 214, 218, 233, 256, 257, 358, 359,
363, 364

children, 93, 95, 122, 160–163, 262, 270–272, 283, 284, 294

Chimalpopoca (of Mexico), 20, 81, 111

Chimalpopoca (of Tlacopan), 24, 26

chinamitl, 282, 285, 286

Chinax, 224

Chiquimula, 308

chocolate, 155, 298

Chol, 202

Cholula, 11, 23, 48, 92, 113, 115, 128, 171, 175, 179, 184, 190,
191, 193, 194, 197, 198

chronological systems, 59–65, 76–78, 245–256, 271, 339, 356–364

chronology, 12, 18–24, 80, 204, 213, 214, 253–255, 259, 339–343,
345, 347, 349, 351, 358–360, 364, 365

chultunes, 277, 352

Cinteotl, 38, 40, 54, 64, 67, 69, 70, 92, 231

Cipactonal, 10, 49, 59, 224

Citan Quatu, 212

Citbolontum, 224

Citchac Coh, 224, 269

Citlalicue, 50

Citlaltonac, 50

Ciuacoatl (goddess), 33, 48, 54.
(_See also_ Tonantzin)

Ciuacoatl (judge), 130

Ciuapipiltin, 52, 100

clans. _See_ calpulli _and_ chinamitl

Clavigero, 17

clothing, 91, 92, 105, 112, 119, 122–124, 148–150, 152–154, 189,
261, 296, 297

Coatlichan, 16, 21, 110

Coatlicue, 32, 33, 39, 43, 67

Coban, 194, 312, 314, 315

Cocomes, 205–207, 275, 279

Cogolludo, 203, 218, 219, 262, 271, 287

Colhuacan, 11, 12, 14, 16–19, 33, 43, 53, 110

Colombia, 40, 58

Columbus, 203, 288

confession, 84, 271, 273

cooking, 155, 157, 298

Copan, 227, 235, 276, 279, 287, 288, 294, 313, 316–318, 320, 322,
324, 326, 332, 336–344, 346, 352, 353, 356

copper, 134, 141, 142, 292, 304, 305

Cortés, 1, 2, 140–143, 239, 287

Cotaxtla, 23, 25, 145, 195

Cotoche, Cape, 292, 300

couriers, 155, 160

Coxcoxtli, 19, 110

Coyoacan, 26, 27, 29, 114, 120

Coyolxauhqui, 32

Cozumel, 220, 271

cranial deformation, 294, 348

creation-myths, 47, 48, 50, 51, 58, 59, 207, 220, 229, 233, 239,
243, 244, 257, 272

cremation, 103–108, 275–278, 367, 369

Cueravahperi, 37

Cuernavaca, 6, 22, 24, 88, 171, 245

Cuicatlan, 58, 189, 192, 194, 195, 369

Cuilapa, 58

Cuitlauac, 12, 14, 22, 33, 100

Curicaveri, 28, 32, 40, 45

Curinguaro, 33

currency, 129, 142, 275, 287

dancing, 74, 168, 300

“dawn,” 10, 208, 212, 363, 365

day-signs, 59–61, 245–249

death, 81, 102, 275

deluge, 51, 58, 239

Diaz, Bernal, 81, 91, 111, 112, 119, 121, 122, 125, 140, 143, 145,
158, 261, 286, 289, 290, 292, 304

Diego de Godoi, 289

divination, 63, 95–99, 160, 259, 267, 272

divorce, 163, 284–286

double-headed monster, 232–235, 246

dramatic performances, 168, 300

Dresden codex, 232, 255, 257, 261, 265, 266, 290, 343, 362

Dzahuindanda, 27

ear-ornaments, 145, 152, 153, 189, 295

eclipses, 272

Ecuador, 370

education, 93, 122, 123, 162, 260, 283, 284

Eecatl, 47, 221, 226, 246

Ekchuah, 224, 269, 286

etzalqualiztli, 68, 93

feather-work, 29, 145–147, 211

fire, new, 75, 76, 121, 267, 273

fishing, 165, 221, 267, 299, 300

Fleischmann, C., 310

floating gardens, 165

food, 129, 154–157, 298, 299, 300

Francisco de Bologna, 105

frescoes, 173, 179, 261, 304, 334, 335, 350, 354

Fuentes, 276

future life, 102, 231, 232

Gagavitz, 211, 212, 276

games. _See_ amusements

Gann, Dr. T. W., 277

gold, 129, 134, 142–145, 304, 317

Gordon, Dr. G. B., 273, 318

government, 11, 19, 22, 109–120, 205, 209, 212, 260, 278–285, 364

Grijalva, 144

Gukumatz (god), 225, 226, 229, 239, 281

Gukumatz (king), 210, 211

habitations, 112, 158, 159, 303, 304

Hacavitz, 220

hair-dress, 92, 123, 124, 151, 153, 261, 295, 296

Hawaiki, 215

Hernandez, 226

Herrera, 287

Hobnil, 220, 221, 257, 263, 264, 267, 269

Holmes, Prof. W. H., 174, 176, 178, 320, 326

Holon Chantepeuh, 205

Hozanek, 220, 257, 266

Htubhtum, 221

Huaxtec, 6, 12, 14, 22, 25, 36, 43, 44, 47, 48, 66, 81, 97, 108,
123, 125, 138, 149, 150–152, 171, 181, 182, 195–198, 202, 290,
294, 295, 303, 309, 342, 356, 367, 368

Huehuetenango, 308, 320, 335, 351, 352

Huetzin, 18

Huilocintla, 83

Humboldt, A. von, 171

Hunabku, 227, 229

Hunac Ceel, 206

Hunahau, 231

Hunahpu, (god) 239

Hunahpu (hero), 231, 239, 240, 241–243, 301, 302

Hun Batz, 241, 248

Hun Camé, 232, 241, 242

Hun Chuen, 241, 248

Hun Hunahpu, 240, 241, 243, 302

Hunpiktok, 224

hunting, 71, 165, 221, 267, 268, 299, 300

Huntoh (god), 220

Huntoh (king), 212

Hunyg, 214

Hurakan, 229, 239

idols, 36, 39, 55, 56, 71, 82, 90, 107, 263–266, 268, 271, 273,
275, 276, 301, 307, 316

Ilamatecutli, 39, 72

Ilocab, 207, 208, 209

inheritance, 111, 114, 115, 163, 278, 283, 300

installation, 114, 115, 281

intercalary days, 76, 254

intoxicants, 42, 91, 132, 155, 156, 243, 248, 267, 269, 298

Iqi-Balam, 207, 280

Ixazalvoh, 221, 224

Ixchebelyax, 221

Ixchel, 224, 267

Ixcuina, 44

Iximché, 203, 304, 337, 352

Ixkun, 290

Ixtab, 232

Ixtlilton, 54, 100

Ixtlilxochitl (historian), 10, 11, 18

Ixtlilxochitl (king), 20

Itzamal, 206, 220, 224, 228

Itzamatul, 220, 227

Itzamkab-ain, 233

Itzamna, 204, 219–221, 224, 227–229, 263–267, 279

Itzcoatl, 20–22

Itzcueye, 33

Itzpapalotl, 33, 52, 61, 62

Itztlacoliuhqui, 45, 61, 62

Itztli, 45, 62, 64, 78

izcalli, 72

Izquitecatl, 42

Iztapalapa, 24, 158, 159

Iztayul, 212, 213, 293

Jilotepec, 308

justice, 129–132, 283, 284

Kabah, 350

Kabrakan, 239, 240

Kakchiquel, 202, 203, 207, 208, 210–216, 218–221, 224, 231, 232,
244, 256, 260, 262, 271, 272, 276, 281, 282, 284–286, 291–293,
303, 304, 362, 363, 366

Kanel, 221

Kanzicnal, 220, 257, 264

Kinich-Ahau, 220, 224, 227, 228, 264, 266, 267.
(_See also_ Sun)

kinship, 163, 164, 284–286

Kukulkan, 46, 204, 205, 211, 219–221, 224–226, 267, 278, 279, 331,
335, 353, 365, 366

Labna, 333, 350, 352

Lacandons, 202, 272, 273, 285, 286, 364

La Cueva, 312

Lahun Noh, 214

land, 89, 115–117, 132, 282

Landa, 203, 204, 218, 219, 227, 236, 255, 259, 263, 266, 267, 285,
291, 294, 295, 300, 304, 307, 316, 331

La Quemada, 136, 170, 181

Leon, 276

lip-ornaments, 105, 119, 127, 145, 152, 153

Lizana, 258

Loltun, 294, 317, 352

“lords of the day,” 64

“lords of the night,” 64

Lyobaa. _See_ Mitla

Macuilxochitl, 42, 54, 221

magic, 95–101

maguey, 42, 45, 93, 94, 147, 149, 150, 155–157

maize, 3, 38, 48, 49, 67, 69, 95, 99, 119, 154, 164, 220, 231, 234,
243, 244, 272, 275, 298

Mahucutah, 207, 280

Malinalco, 12, 14

Mani, 203, 204, 206, 220, 267

market, 129

marriage, 94, 162–164, 260, 280, 284–286, 295

Matlalcue, 37, 43

Matlatzinca, 6, 12, 32, 115, 125, 155

Maudslay, Dr. A. P., 170, 320, 348, 352, 353

Maxtla, 20, 21

Mayapan, 205, 206, 219, 220, 226, 267, 278–280, 284, 291, 331, 349,
366

Mayauel, 43, 54, 60, 62

Mazatec, 6, 74

Mazateca, 74

medicine, 54, 95, 96, 99–101, 224

Menché, 228, 261, 263, 288, 295, 320, 322, 324, 328, 334, 338, 340,
341, 343, 345, 346, 356

Mendoza codex, 18, 22, 89

merchants, 54, 105, 126–128, 286, 287

metal-working, 141–145

Meztitlan, 113

Meztli, 52

Michoacans. _See_ Tarascan

Mictan Ahau, 231, 266

Mictlan, 55, 78, 102, 231

Mictlanciuatl, 50

Mictlantecutli, 42, 50, 55, 60, 61, 63, 64, 78, 98, 102, 231

migrations, 9–18, 23–25, 28, 29, 57, 203–206, 208–212, 214–217,
219, 365–368

Milnauatl, 43

Mimixcoa. _See_ Centzon Mimixcoa

Misantla, 183

Mitla, 25, 80, 92, 101, 107, 177–179, 183, 197, 320, 331, 332, 335,
338, 340, 350, 367, 369

Mitnal, 231, 232

Mixcoamazatzin, 365

Mixcoatl, 28, 32, 33, 44–46, 71, 82, 179, 209, 335

Mixe, 25, 28

Mixtec, 6, 14, 22–28, 44, 57, 58, 80, 92, 94, 95, 106, 107, 117,
125, 126, 136, 151, 161, 164, 197, 203, 294, 303, 366, 369

Moan-bird, 238

Monte Alban, 88, 174, 175, 183, 192, 320

Montecuzoma I, 22–24, 159

Montecuzoma II, 26, 27, 58, 73, 81, 89, 92, 111–113, 133, 140, 143,
152, 166, 214

month-signs, 249

Moon, 42, 43, 51, 52, 166, 227, 243, 272, 311

Moquiuix, 24, 127

Morning-star, 208, 226, 258, 362–364.
(_See also_ Tlauizcalpantecutli)

mosaic, 29, 38, 46, 125, 134, 141

Motolinia, 57, 105

music, 103, 167, 168, 293, 300, 301

Nacon, 259, 260, 262, 269, 292

Nacxit, 215

nagual, 97

names, 160, 161, 284, 285

Nanauatzin, 48, 51, 54, 61

Napatecutli, 149

Naranjo, 235, 280, 288, 306, 310, 320, 324, 338, 340, 341, 343–346,
351, 356

Nautla, R., 6, 195

Nebaj, 310, 346

nemontemi days, 63, 72, 95, 361.
(_See also_ uayeb days)

New Guinea, 292

Nezahualcoyotl, 20–22, 24, 81, 131, 158, 159

Nezahualpilli, 24, 26, 166

Nicaragua, 310

Nicatayah, 220

Nihaib, 207, 220

Nonoual, 204, 214, 216, 368

Nonoualca, 7, 211

Nonoualcat. _See_ Nonoual

Nopaltzin, 17, 18, 103

nose-ornaments, 44, 52, 115, 228, 295

numerical system, 86, 87, 174, 249, 250, 287, 365

Oappatzan, 166

Oaxaca, 25, 79, 119, 126, 129, 140, 142, 174, 177, 179, 180, 183,
184, 190–192, 197, 198, 217, 303, 317, 351, 352, 356, 361, 366,
368

ochpaniztli, 70

Ococingo, 312

octli, 42, 70, 91, 97, 132, 155–157.
(_See also_ intoxicants)

Olmec, 7, 10, 12, 14, 23, 38, 44, 48, 125, 207, 215, 303, 366

Omeciuatl, 49

omens, 65, 72, 95–99, 272

Ometecutli, 49

Ome Tochtli, 42

Opochtli, 37, 165

ordeals, 115, 241, 242, 302

orientation, 170, 172, 177, 179, 180, 337, 341, 352

Otomi, 5, 6, 11, 16, 24, 32, 53, 104, 149–152, 154, 155, 163–165,
364

Otontecutli, 53

Oxlahuh Tzii, 213

Oxomoco, 10, 49, 59, 224

painting, 150, 154, 261, 295

Palenque, 228, 229, 231, 234, 237, 238, 254, 257, 279, 287, 304,
307, 310, 320, 322, 324, 328, 331, 333, 336–338, 340, 342–346,
353, 359

panquetzaliztli, 71

Panuco R., 3, 6, 10, 22, 26, 138, 182, 342, 367

Papaloapan R., 195, 211, 214

Papantla, 6, 182

Pasion, Rio de la, 202

Patecatl, 43, 61, 62

patolli, 167

Paxil, 243

Paynal, 32, 71

Pazcuaro, L., 6, 28, 29, 37, 56, 180, 189

Peabody Museum, 352

penitential rite, 82–84, 91, 93, 128, 263, 295

period-signs, 251, 252.
(_See also_ day-signs _and_ month-signs)

Peru, 57, 58, 102, 117, 168, 180, 184, 192, 197, 226, 229, 273,
308, 331, 336, 369, 370

Peten, 298, 308

Piedras Negras, 227, 261, 288, 320, 324, 330, 334, 338, 339, 342,
343, 346, 356, 368, 370

Pilzintecutli, 42

Pipil, 202, 203

Pizlimtec, 221

Placeres del Oro, 107, 180, 369

Pochotl, 16, 19

Pokomam, 207, 315

Pokonchi, 207

Popol Vuh, 203, 209, 215, 218, 226, 232, 239, 243, 244, 262, 280,
281, 292, 301–303, 363

pottery, 119, 148, 157, 179, 184, 198, 277, 308–318, 369

Prescott, W. H., 1, 112

priests, 11, 66, 68, 90–101, 109–111, 209, 259–262, 270–272, 275,
276, 279–281

pulque. _See_ octli

punishments, 93, 130–132, 162, 260, 283, 284

Quaquapitzauac, 19, 110, 127

Quauhtlatoa, 21, 24

Quauhtitlan, 113, 126

Quauhtitlan, Annals of, 11, 12, 18, 80

quauhxicalli, 66

Quaxolotl, 53

quecholli, 71, 73

Quen Santo, 36, 276, 309

Quetzalcoatl, 11, 46–51, 56, 59, 62, 92, 93, 95, 110, 111, 141,
161, 166, 171, 204, 210, 215, 219–221, 225, 331, 365, 366

Quetzaltenango, 203

Quicab, 210, 213

Quiché, 202, 203, 207–216, 218–221, 224, 225, 229, 231, 239, 248,
260, 262, 276, 280–282, 284, 286, 287, 291–293, 304, 310, 362,
363, 366

Quiengola, 27, 36, 175, 183, 302, 352

Quilaztli, 33.
(_See also_ Ciuacoatl _and_ Tonantzin)

Quinatzin, 19, 103

Quirigua, 234, 235, 254, 270, 279, 287, 296, 306, 320, 324,
338–340, 342, 343, 346, 348, 353

Rabinal, 208, 210, 211, 220, 335, 352, 363

Ranchito de las Animas, 195

Ruatan, 288

Sacchana, 276, 351

sacrifice, 11, 37–40, 44, 51–53, 65–73, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81, 88,
102, 103, 121, 131, 132, 208–210, 212, 241–243, 259, 261–263,
265, 269, 281, 293, 355

Sacrificios I., 193, 194, 309–311, 314, 317, 318

Sahagun, 10, 18, 19, 48, 57, 62, 63, 65, 72, 76, 84, 90, 91, 97,
100, 103, 127, 145, 148, 151, 152, 156, 161, 162, 170, 179, 307

salt, 155, 282, 283, 286

Sandoval, 81

San Isidro, 183

San Salvador, 243, 308

Santa Cruz Quiché, 203

Santa Lucia Cozumalhuapa, 367

Santa Rita, 320, 334, 350, 366, 367

Santa Rosa Xlabpak, 331

Sayil, 320, 333, 338, 350

Schellhas, Dr. P., 221, 227, 228, 230, 231

sculpture, 136–140, 173–177, 306, 307, 328, 338–346, 348, 353, 354,
356.
(_See also_ stone-working)

Seibal, 320, 337, 338, 341, 343, 346, 351

Seler, Prof. E., 14, 65, 76, 113, 145, 166, 221, 238, 245, 248,
308, 351, 361

Sicuirancha, 28

“sky-bar,” 235, 236, 246, 313, 338

slaves, 132, 133, 283, 286, 293

Soconusco, 11, 24, 26, 119, 286, 367

sorcery, 97, 98, 106, 131

Sotuta, 206

souls, 51, 79, 80, 93, 96, 100, 102–106, 231, 232

Spinden, Dr. H. J., 320, 324, 352, 353

spinning, 147, 148, 186, 189

steam-bath. _See_ temazcalli

stilts, 265, 266

stone-working, 134–136, 140, 141, 178, 179, 305, 306, 331, 332,
338, 340, 343, 344.
(_See also_ sculpture)

Strebel, Dr. H., 195

Sun, 31, 44, 50–52, 66, 73, 76, 81, 85, 93, 102, 208, 228, 229,
233, 234, 240, 243.
(_See also_ Kinich Ahau _and_ Tonatiuh)

Tatan Bak, 231

Tatan Holon, 231

tatu, 151, 295

Tabai, 221

Tabasco, 7, 11, 127, 128, 139, 205, 216, 220, 228, 286, 287, 291,
299, 303, 315, 367

Tamoanchan, 10, 12

Tampico, 368

Tamub, 207, 208

Tapcu Oloman, 207, 211, 215

Taras, 28

Tarascan, 6, 10, 11, 14, 16, 28, 32, 33, 37, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45,
47, 53, 56, 79, 92, 93, 96, 98, 103, 105, 108, 111, 113, 114,
122, 124, 126, 132, 136, 141, 142, 149, 150, 151, 154, 157,
159, 161, 163, 180, 181, 188, 189, 197, 308, 318, 368, 370

Teayo, 171, 181, 346, 356

Techotlala, 19, 20

Tecociztecatl, 51, 52

Tecomastlahuaca, 58

Tecpan Guatemala, 203

tecuiluitontli, 68

Tehuacan, 3, 11, 14, 29, 78, 92, 356

Tehuantepec, 24, 25, 27, 28, 127, 145, 175, 194, 286

Telleriano-Remensis codex, 88

Telpochcalli, 45, 122, 123, 162

temazcalli, 38, 101, 160

Tenango, 356

Tenayocan, 16–18, 21, 141

teocalli, The great, 26, 88, 170

Teotihuacan, 11, 36, 51, 88, 103, 172–174, 183, 187–189, 193, 197,
198, 318, 320, 356, 365

Teotitlan, 3, 6, 11, 14, 25, 36, 58, 78, 88, 191, 193, 194, 197,
198, 228, 366

teotleco, 70, 268

Teozapotlan, 25, 27, 28

Tepanec, 11, 12, 16, 19, 20, 21, 53, 110, 366

tepeiluitl, 71, 73

Tepepul, 213, 293

Tepeuh, 212

Tepeuh Oloman. _See_ Tapcu Oloman

Tepeyollotl, 55, 60, 62, 64

Tepictoton, 37

teponaztli, 167

Tepoztecatl, 43, 171

Tepoztlan, 22, 43, 171, 176

Teteoinnan, 38, 39, 43, 44, 46, 50, 54, 70, 95, 100

Texolo, 183

Tezcatlipoca, 40, 43–45, 47, 49, 50, 54, 55, 61, 68, 70, 71, 84,
99, 114, 122, 133, 141, 166, 171

Tezcatzoncatl, 42

Tezcoco, 11, 14, 17, 19, 20, 22, 26, 81, 89, 111, 114, 120, 121,
131, 158

Tezozomoc (historian), 215

Tezozomoc (king), 19, 21

Thomas, Dr. C., 202

Thompson, E. H., 352

Ticatamé, 28

Tihax, 224

Tihoo, 220

Tikal, 234, 288, 307, 316, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 336–343,
345, 346, 351

Tikoch, 206

Tilantongo, 25

Tiripemé, 45

tititl, 72

Tizoc, 25, 88

Tlacateotl, 20

tlacaxipeualiztli, 65, 100, 262

Tlacochcalcatl, 113, 121

Tlacolula, 175, 178, 180

Tlacopan, 21, 24, 26, 53, 114, 120, 121, 131

Tlahuicol, 81

Tlalhuica, 6, 14, 40, 119, 126, 151, 171, 176, 361

Tlaloc, 36–38, 40, 43, 48, 51, 54, 55, 60–62, 64, 65, 67, 68,
71–73, 78, 80, 90, 102, 108, 114, 141, 170, 188, 191, 220, 221,
229, 233, 332

Tlalocan, 36, 55, 78, 102, 105

Tlaloque, 36, 37, 68, 149, 165, 220

Tlaltecutli, 52

Tlaltelolco, 18–20, 24, 56, 105, 110, 120, 127, 129, 170, 171

Tlamatzincatl, 46

Tlauizcalpantecutli, 33, 54, 62, 76, 77, 78, 82, 171.
(_See also_ Morning-star)

Tlaxcala, 7, 11, 14, 21, 23, 26, 32, 37, 38, 40, 48, 57, 66, 70,
83, 95, 96, 113–115, 121, 122, 126, 138, 139, 155, 190, 191,
197, 348

tlaxochimaco, 69

tlaxtli, 42, 165, 166, 170, 241, 242, 281, 301–303, 335, 336, 367

Tlazolteotl, 38, 44, 45, 52, 61, 62, 64, 66, 84, 95

Tlotzin, 18

tobacco, 92, 112, 122, 156, 157, 300

Tohil, 208, 219, 220, 262, 281

Tolgom, 212

Toltec, 7–12, 16, 23, 25, 28, 29, 46–49, 80, 104, 109, 110, 141,
150, 172, 175, 176, 188, 197, 215, 216, 219, 226, 291, 302,
349–351, 354, 358, 365–367

Toluca, 24, 25, 97, 154, 155

Tonacaciuatl, 49

Tonacatecutli, 49, 55, 60, 62, 103, 219

Tonacatepetl, 243

tonalamatl, 62, 95, 245, 271, 272, 363, 364

Tonantzin, 33, 248.
(_See also_ Ciuacoatl)

Tonatiuh, 50, 62, 64, 73, 78, 229, 233.
(_See also_ Sun)

tooth-mutilation, 151, 195, 228, 294, 316, 367

Topiltzin, 19, 46

Torquemada, 11, 287

Totochtin. _See_ Centzon Totochtin

Totonac, 6, 14, 23, 29, 38, 82, 83, 91, 92, 108, 119, 138, 140,
144, 150–152, 181–184, 190, 191, 193–198, 202, 211, 294, 295,
307, 315, 317, 318

Totoquiuatzin I, 21, 24

Totoquiuatzin II, 26

toxcatl, 68, 151

Tozi. _See_ Teteoinnan

tozoztontli, 67

Tozzer, Dr. A. M., 322

trade, 126–130, 184, 190, 286, 287

trees of the quarters, 79, 231, 234, 257

tribute, 22, 118, 119, 124, 140, 141, 147, 190, 278–283, 293

Troano-Cortesianus codex, 218, 255, 265, 266

Tukuchi, 211, 213, 256, 363

Tulan, 8, 11, 12, 16, 18, 19, 47, 49, 96, 137, 176, 179, 180, 183,
204, 208, 209, 210, 214–216, 219, 262, 280, 291, 303, 328, 336,
348, 355, 356, 360, 366

Tulanzinco, 11, 23

Tulan Zuiva. _See_ Zuiva

Tulum, 320, 349, 351, 359

Tutul Xiu, 203–207, 214, 216, 278, 291, 349, 358–360, 368

Tuxpan, 23, 26, 171, 216

Tuxtla, 203

Tzapotlatenan, 54, 100

Tzental, 220, 224, 225, 271

Tzintzuntzan, 40, 150

Tziquinaha, 208, 281

Tzitzimimé, 52, 55, 74

Tzitzipu, 29

tzompantli, 171

Tzontecomatl, 16, 19

Tzutuhil, 202, 210–212, 284, 363

Uac Mitun Ahau, 231.
(_See also_ Mictan Ahau)

uayeb days, 249, 263, 265, 361.
(_See also_ nemontemi days)

uei tecuiluitl, 69, 152

uei tozoztli, 67

Ueuecoyotl, 60, 62

Uexotzinco, 11, 12, 21, 23, 26, 32, 48, 66, 113, 115, 123, 126

Uitziliuitl, 20

Uitzilopochtli, 12, 26, 27, 32, 33, 37, 44, 45, 48, 49, 51, 62, 65,
68–72, 81, 82, 88, 90, 113, 114, 124, 125, 147, 166, 170, 171,
220, 243

Uitznaua. _See_ Centzon Uitznaua

Uixtociuatl, 43, 46, 68

Ulil, 206

Uloa, R., 273, 276, 286, 294, 309, 310, 313, 315, 318

Urendequa Vecara, 33

Usumacinta R., 200, 202, 211, 214, 216, 287, 299, 320

Utatlan, 203, 304, 337, 352

Uxmal, 205, 272, 317, 320, 326, 349, 350, 356

Valdivia, 262

Vaticanus A codex, 62, 104

Vaticanus B., codex, 234

Venus. _See_ Morning-star

Vera Cruz, 2, 3, 6, 26, 119, 127, 128, 132, 140, 145, 182, 193,
217, 303, 307, 367.
(_See also_ Sacrificios I. _and_ Totonac)

Votan, 220

Vukubatz, 212

Vukub Camé, 232, 241, 243

Vukub Hunahpu, 240, 243, 302

Vukub Kakix, 239, 240

war, 66, 77, 90, 96, 103, 106, 109, 110, 120–127, 131, 153, 168,
224, 228, 229, 259, 260, 262, 269, 283, 287–293, 337, 364

weapons, 16, 82, 124, 125, 136, 165, 206, 211, 216, 279, 280,
287–292, 348

weaving, 147–149, 307, 308

world-directions, 78, 179, 180, 241, 256, 257

writing, 86–89, 258

Xahila, 203, 211, 212, 282

Xahila, Annals of, 210–215, 218, 281, 291, 363

Xaltocan, 14, 16, 17

Xaratanga, 40

Xbalanque, 231, 239–243, 301, 302

Xcacau, 221

Xibalba, 208, 210, 220, 231, 232, 241–243, 257, 272, 302, 303

Xicalanca, 7, 14, 23, 205

Xico, 88, 356

Xilonen, 38, 39, 46, 69

Xipe, 39, 40, 54, 61, 62, 65, 67, 100, 114, 131, 224

Xiuhtecutli, 53, 61, 64, 69, 70, 72, 78, 84

Xmukané, 224, 239, 240, 241, 243

Xochbitum, 221

Xochicalco, 88, 176, 177, 180, 183, 191, 197, 346, 356, 361

Xochimilco, 12, 14, 17, 22, 23, 33, 38, 114, 126, 141

Xochipilli, 42, 61, 69, 137, 166, 221, 249

Xochiquetzal, 40, 42, 46, 49, 54, 61, 62, 149, 166, 221

xocouetzi, 69

Xolotl (god), 48, 51, 52, 62

Xolotl (king), 16–19, 36, 103, 116

Xoxo, 151, 175, 192

Xpiyakok, 224, 239, 240, 243

Xquik, 241

Xtoh, 221

yacata, 180

Yacatecutli, 54, 70, 126, 128, 224

Yaqui, 207, 213, 262

Yaxkokahmut, 227

Yoaltecutli, 50

Yoalticitl, 50

“yokes,” 138

Yucatan, 199, 200, 202–204, 218, 219–221, 226–229, 231, 237, 244,
252, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 269, 270, 272, 273, 277, 278,
282, 286, 290–297, 299, 303–305, 307, 309, 314, 317, 319, 320,
324, 326, 328, 332, 333, 336–338, 346–352, 356, 359, 366, 367

Zacapu, 28

Zacatecas, 6

Zactecauh, 211, 212

Zaczini, 220, 257, 266

Zamaneb, 208, 363

Zapotec, 6, 10, 16, 24–28, 36, 39, 57, 58, 80, 88, 92, 101,
106–108, 125, 126, 142, 144, 150, 151, 173–175, 177, 178, 192,
193, 197, 203, 221, 228, 245, 246, 248, 302, 303, 314, 336,
360, 361, 369, 370

Zipakna, 239, 240, 243

Zociyoeza, 27

Zociyopi, 27

Zoque, 25

Zotziha Chimalcan, 220, 232

Zotzil, 211, 212, 282, 363

Zuiva, 204, 208, 211, 214, 215

Zuhuykak, 224

Zuhuyzip, 221

PRINTED BY WILLIAM BRENDON AND SON, LTD., PLYMOUTH

Maxico and Central America]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] A word of explanation should be said concerning the Mexican language. Like other American tongues its structure is such that long compound words and names are built up of significant elements, many of them being thus equivalent to a whole sentence. The practice is not unknown in this country, for is not “Obadiah Bind-their-kings-in-chains-and-their-nobles-in-links-of-iron” familiar to every reader of Macaulay? At the same time it adds considerable difficulty to the study of Mexican archæology. As regards pronunciation, the chief points to be noted are as follows: X is always pronounced as SH and J as H; C is always hard except before E and I; CH is sounded as the CH in CHILD; Z as in ZEBRA.

In Maya we find a happy tendency to monosyllables. X again is pronounced as SH; but C is always hard.

[2] Sahagun states that this prince came to the throne in 1489, but the Codex Telleriano-Remensis assigns that year to his death.

[3] This is according to Sahagun’s statement; at the present time in the valley of Mexico the rains commence in May-June and end in September-October.

[4] At this point the Kakchiquel annals prove a useful check upon the account given by the Popol Vuh. Tepepul and Iztayul, according to the latter, preceded Quicab, and Quicab was succeeded by Tepepul and Xtayub. It is evident that some duplication has taken place in the Quiché legend, that Tepepul and Iztayul are the same as Tepepul and Xtayub, and that they succeeded Quicab.

[5] The very early dates which occur at Palenque, a late site, must be themselves artificial or mythical, and so too, I believe, are the dates which occur on the celebrated Leiden plate and Tuxtla figure.

[6] By an error the katun number has been drawn as two bars and three dots, instead of three bars.

[7] There is a wall-painting at Chichen Itza which seems to picture a human sacrifice, but this is on a building which undoubtedly belongs to a later period, when the Maya had already come in contact with Mexican influences, as will be seen later.

[8] One of these was also found by Maudslay, near Quirigua.

[9] The corners of the Castillo at Chichen Itza also appear to have been slightly rounded and not square, as shown in Fig. 73, _f_; p. 321.

[10] The qualification is necessary, since Tulum appears to have been inhabited at the conquest.

[11] The use of the rising of the morning star to commence a solar time-count would explain the peculiar fact that the commencement of the year never coincided with that of the tonalamatl. It has been stated (p. 77) that the initial days of the Venus-periods were cipactli, coatl, atl, acatl, and olin; cipactli being the initial day also of the tonalamatl. But the day acatl was not only one of the initial days of the 365-day year, but was the initial day also of the Mexican double cycle of 104 years, which was in addition the initial day of a complete cycle of Venus-periods. The conclusion is tempting, that after the invention of the tonalamatl, correlated with the observation of the planet Venus, a change was made to solar time as near as it could be observed. As a starting-point for the new system, the next heliacal rising of the planet was awaited, and this occurring on an acatl day fixed the “year-bearers” as acatl, tecpatl, calli, and tochtli. It will be remembered that the Mexicans believed that the historical sun rose on the day 13. acatl (p. 73). At any rate, the Venus-period seems to form a link between the tonalamatl and the year of 365 days. The fact that none of the gods of the hunting-tribes find a place among the deities presiding over the tonalamatl would seem sufficient proof that the Chichimec, Aztec, and Otomi had no hand in its invention.

Transcriber’s Notes:

1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been corrected silently.

2. Where hyphenation is in doubt, it has been retained as in the original.

3. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have been retained as in the original.

4. Italics are shown as _xxx_.