Chapter IX (2)

Tigris, 170

Tin, 222, 223, 224, 225

Tobacco, 175

Torrents, characters of, 37-39

Trade winds, 84, 87, 88, 89

Trails, 240, 241

Transhumance, 179, 189

Tree of Heaven, 78

Tropical forest, 120, 131, 169

Tsetse flies, 161

Tulip, 124

Tundra, 132, 136, 164, 169, 239

Tunny, 149

Turkey, 181

Tyne gap, 47 (fig. 5), 49, 73

Tyrol, 62

Uganda, 163

Ungulates, 155, 156, 157

United States, cotton of, 234;
flora of, 140, 141;
numbers of hoofed animals in, 243, 244;
people of, 217;
rainfall of, 102;
structure of, 35, 36;
survey work in, 14;
trees of, 78, 79;
weather of, 107

U-shaped valleys, 57, 61, 64

Vienna, temperature of, 99

Vilaine, 223

Vine, 126, 127, 171, 172, 173, 183, 187, 190

Visp, 42

Voles, 158

V-shaped valleys, 55

Wales, 54, 197, 200

Waterfalls, 40, 41, 56, 58, 60

Water hemisphere, 21

Water power, 58, 69, 230

Watersheds, shifting of, 47

Water transport, 236-238

Weald, 226

Weasel, 159

Weather, 103 _et seq._

Weathering, 46, 51

Wellingtonia, 136

Welsh, 211

Weymouth pine, 139

Whales, 145

Wheat, 126, 138, 139, 171, 172, 182, 183, 185

Whitefish, 150

Whortleberries, 185

Wild boar, 156

Wild cat, 159

Wild horse, 166

Wild sheep, 156, 166

Willows, 136

Wine, 183, 187, 190

Winter gulf of warmth, 206

Wood anemone, 123

Woodland, 115, 116;
see also Forests

Wolf, 159

Wolverene, 159

Yak, 244

Yellow fever, 161

York, 232

Yorkshire, 46, 47 (fig. 5), 232

Young rivers, 30, 40, 56

Yurt, 189

Zoogeographical regions, 151-154

THE HOME UNIVERSITY
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LITERATURE AND ART.

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73. =EURIPIDES AND HIS AGE.= =By Gilbert Murray=, Regius Professor
of Greek, Oxford.

101. =DANTE.= =By Jefferson B. Fletcher=, Columbia University. An
interpretation of Dante and his teaching from his writings.

2. =SHAKESPEARE.= =By John Masefield.= "One of the very few
indispensable adjuncts to a Shakespearean Library."--_Boston
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81. =CHAUCER AND HIS TIMES.= =By Grace E. Hadow=, Lecturer, Lady
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97. =MILTON.= =By John Bailey.=

59. =DR. JOHNSON AND HIS CIRCLE.= =By John Bailey.= Johnson's life,
character, works, and friendships are surveyed; and there is a
notable vindication of the "Genius of Boswell."

83. =WILLIAM MORRIS: HIS WORK AND INFLUENCE.= =By A. Clutton
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believed that the artist should toil for love of his work rather
than the gain of his employer, and so he turned from making works
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75. =SHELLEY, GODWIN AND THEIR CIRCLE.= =By H. N. Brailsford.= The
influence of the French Revolution on England.

70. =ANCIENT ART AND RITUAL.= =By Jane E. Harrison, LL. D., D.
Litt.= "One of the 100 most important books of 1913."--_New York
Times Review._

45. =MEDIEVAL ENGLISH LITERATURE.= =By W. P. Ker=, Professor of
English Literature, University College, London. "One of the
soundest scholars. His style is effective, simple, yet never
dry."--_The Athenaeum._

87. =THE RENAISSANCE.= =By Edith Sichel=, author of "Catherine de
Medici," "Men and Women of the French Renaissance."

89. =ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE.= =By J. M. Robertson, M. P.=, author
of "Montaigne and Shakespeare," "Modern Humanists."

27. =MODERN ENGLISH LITERATURE.= =By G. H. Mair.= From Wyatt and
Surrey to Synge and Yeats. "One of the best of this great
series."--_Chicago Evening Post._

61. =THE VICTORIAN AGE IN LITERATURE.= =By G. K. Chesterton.=

40. =THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.= =By L. P. Smith.= A concise history of
its origin and development.

66. =WRITING ENGLISH PROSE.= =By William T. Brewster=, Professor of
English, Columbia University. "Should be put into the hands of
every man who is beginning to write and of every teacher of English
who has brains enough to understand sense."--_New York Sun._

58. =THE NEWSPAPER.= =By G. Binney Dibblee.= The first full account
from the inside of newspaper organization as it exists to-day.

48. =GREAT WRITERS OF AMERICA.= =By W. P. Trent and John Erskine=,
Columbia University.

93. =AN OUTLINE OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE.= =By Maurice Baring=, author
of "The Russian People," etc. Tolstoi, Tourgenieff, Dostoieffsky,
Pushkin (the father of Russian Literature,) Saltykov (the
satirist,) Leskov, and many other authors.

31. =LANDMARKS IN FRENCH LITERATURE, By G. L. Strachey=, Scholar of
Trinity College, Cambridge. "It is difficult to imagine how a
better account of French Literature could be given in 250
pages."--_London Times._

64. =THE LITERATURE OF GERMANY.= =By J. G. Robertson.=

62. =PAINTERS AND PAINTING.= =By Sir Frederick Wedmore.= With 16
half-tone illustrations.

33. =ARCHITECTURE.= =By Prof. W. R. Lethaby.= An introduction to
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NATURAL SCIENCE.

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85. =SEX.= =By J. Arthur Thompson and Patrick Geddes=, joint
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63. =THE ORIGIN AND NATURE OF LIFE.= =By Benjamin M. Moore=,
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the science has developed and the stage it has reached.

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Engineering, University of Birmingham.

54. =THE MAKING OF THE EARTH.= =By J. W. Gregory=, Professor of
Geology, Glasgow University. 38 maps and figures. Describes the
origin of the earth, the formation and changes of its surface and
structure, its geological history, the first appearance of life,
and its influence upon the globe.

56. =MAN: A HISTORY OF THE HUMAN BODY.= =By A. Keith, M. D.=,
Hunterian Professor, Royal College of Surgeons, London. Shows how
the human body developed.

74. =NERVES.= =By David Fraser Harris, M. D.=, Professor of
Physiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax. Explains in
non-technical language the place and powers of the nervous system.

21. =AN INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE.= =By Prof. J. Arthur Thomson=,
Science Editor of the Home University Library. For those
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Observatory. "Decidedly original in substance, and the most
readable and informative little book on modern astronomy we have
seen for a long time."--_Nature._

24. =PSYCHICAL RESEARCH.= =By Prof. W. F. Barrett=, formerly
President of the Society for Psychical Research.

9. =THE EVOLUTION OF PLANTS.= =By Dr. D. H. Scott=, President of
the Linnean Society of London. The story of the development of
flowering plants, from the earliest zoological times, unlocked from
technical language.

43. =MATTER AND ENERGY.= =By F. Soddy=, Lecturer in Physical
Chemistry and Radioactivity, University of Glasgow. "Brilliant. Can
hardly be surpassed. Sure to attract attention."--_New York Sun._

41. =PSYCHOLOGY, THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOUR.= =By William McDougall=,
of Oxford. A well digested summary of the essentials of the science
put in excellent literary form by a leading authority.

42. =THE PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOLOGY.= =By Prof. J. G. McKendrick=. A
compact statement by the Emeritus Professor at Glasgow, for
uninstructed readers.

37. =ANTHROPOLOGY.= =By R. R. Marett=, Reader in Social
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course of history. "Excellent. So enthusiastic, so clear and witty,
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Association Booklist._

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Criminals," etc.

12. =THE ANIMAL WORLD.= =By Prof. F. W. Gamble.=

15. =INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICS.= =By A. N. Whitehead=, author of
"Universal Algebra."

PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION.

69. =A HISTORY OF FREEDOM OF THOUGHT.= =By John B. Bury, M. A., LL.
D.=, Regius Professor of Modern History in Cambridge University.
Summarizes the history of the long struggle between authority and
reason and of the emergence of the principle that coercion of
opinion is a mistake.

96. =A HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY.= =By Clement C. J. Webb=, Oxford.

35. =THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY.= =By Bertrand Russell=, Lecturer
and Late Fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge.

60. =COMPARATIVE RELIGION.= =By Prof. J. Estlin Carpenter=, "One of
the few authorities on this subject compares all the religions to
see what they have to offer on the great themes of
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44. =BUDDHISM.= =By Mrs. Rhys Davids=, Lecturer on Indian
Philosophy, Manchester.

46. =ENGLISH SECTS: A HISTORY OF NONCONFORMITY.= =By W. B. Selbie.=
Principal of Manchester College, Oxford.

55. =MISSIONS: THEIR RISE AND DEVELOPMENT.= =By Mrs. Mandell
Creighton=, author of "History of England." The author seeks to
prove that missions have done more to civilize the world than any
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52. =ETHICS.= =By G. E. Moore=, Lecturer in Moral Science,
Cambridge. Discusses what is right and what is wrong, and the whys
and wherefores.

65. =THE LITERATURE OF THE OLD TESTAMENT.= =By George F. Moore=,
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popular work of the highest order. Will be profitable to anybody
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subject."--_American Journal of Theology._

88. =RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS.= =By R.
H. Charles=, Canon of Westminster. Shows how religious and ethical
thought between 180 B. C. and 100 A. D. grew naturally into that of
the New Testament.

50. =THE MAKING OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.= =By B. W. Bacon=, Professor
of New Testament Criticism, Yale. An authoritative summary of the
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Black Folks," etc. A history of the black man in Africa, America or
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99. =POLITICAL THOUGHT: THE UTILITARIANS. FROM BENTHAM TO J. S.
MILL.= =By William L. P. Davidson.=

98. =POLITICAL THOUGHT: FROM HERBERT SPENCER TO THE PRESENT DAY.=
=By Ernest Barker, M. A.=

79. =UNEMPLOYMENT.= =By A. C. Pigou, M. A.=, Professor of Political
Economy at Cambridge. The meaning, measurement, distribution, and
effects of unemployment, its relation to wages, trade fluctuations,
and disputes, and some proposals of remedy or relief.

80. =COMMON-SENSE IN LAW.= =By Prof. Paul Vinogradoff, D. C. L.,
LL. D.= Social and Legal Rules--Legal Rights and Duties--Facts and
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Law of Nature.

49. =ELEMENTS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.= =By S. J. Chapman=, Professor
of Political Economy and Dean of Faculty of Commerce and
Administration, University of Manchester.

11. =THE SCIENCE OF WEALTH.= =By J. A. Hobson=, author of "Problems
of Poverty." A study of the structure and working of the modern
business world.

1. =PARLIAMENT. ITS HISTORY, CONSTITUTION, AND PRACTICE.= =By Sir
Courtenay P. Ilbert=, Clerk of the House of Commons.

16. =LIBERALISM.= =By Prof. L. T. Hobhouse=, author of "Democracy
and Reaction." A masterly philosophical and historical review of
the subject.

5. =THE STOCK EXCHANGE.= =By F. W. Hirst=, Editor of the London
_Economist_. Reveals to the non-financial mind the facts about
investment, speculation, and the other terms which the title
suggests.

10. =THE SOCIALIST MOVEMENT.= =By J. Ramsay Macdonald=, Chairman of
the British Labor Party.

28. =THE EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRY.= =By D. H. MacGregor=, Professor of
Political Economy, University of Leeds. An outline of the recent
changes that have given us the present conditions of the working
classes and the principles involved.

29. =ELEMENTS OF ENGLISH LAW.= =By W. M. Geldart=, Vinerian
Professor of English Law, Oxford. A simple statement of the basic
principles of the English legal system on which that of the United
States is based.

32. =THE SCHOOL: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF EDUCATION.= =By J.
J. Findlay=, Professor of Education, Manchester. Presents the
history, the psychological basis, and the theory of the school with
a rare power of summary and suggestion.

6. =IRISH NATIONALITY.= =By Mrs. J. R. Green.= A brilliant account
of the genius and mission of the Irish people. "An entrancing work,
and I would advise every one with a drop of Irish blood in his
veins or a vein of Irish sympathy in his heart to read it."--_New
York Times Review._

GENERAL HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY.

102. =SERBIA.= =By L. F. Waring=, with preface by =J. M.
Jovanovitch=, Serbian Minister to Great Britain. The main outlines
of Serbian history, with special emphasis on the immediate causes
of the war, and the question which will be of greatest importance
in the after-the-war settlement.

33. =THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND.= =By A. F. Pollard=, Professor of
English History, University of London.

95. =BELGIUM.= =By R. C. K. Ensor=, Sometime Scholar of Balliol
College. The geographical, linguistic, historical, artistic and
literary associations.

100. =POLAND.= =By J. Alison Phillips=, University of Dublin. The
history of Poland with special emphasis upon the Polish question of
the present day.

34. =CANADA.= =By A. G. Bradley.=

72. =GERMANY OF TO-DAY.= =By Charles Tower.=

78. =LATIN AMERICA.= =By William R. Shepherd=, Professor of
History, Columbia. With maps. The historical, artistic, and
commercial development of the Central South American republics.

18. =THE OPENING UP OF AFRICA.= =By Sir H. H. Johnston.=

19. =THE CIVILIZATION OF CHINA.= =By H. A. Giles=, Professor of
Chinese, Cambridge.

36. =PEOPLES AND PROBLEMS OF INDIA.= =By Sir T. W. Holderness.=
"The best small treatise dealing with the range of subjects fairly
indicated by the title."--_The Dial._

26. =THE DAWN OF HISTORY.= =By J. L. Myers=, Professor of Ancient
History, Oxford.

92. =THE ANCIENT EAST.= =By D. G. Hogarth, M. A., F. B. A., F. S.
A.= Connects with Prof. Myers's "Dawn of History" (No. 26) at about
1000 B. C. and reviews the history of Assyria, Babylon, Cilicia,
Persia and Macedon.

30. =ROME.= =By W. Warde Fowler=, author of "Social Life at Rome,"
etc.

13. =MEDIEVAL EUROPE.= =By H. W. C. Davis=, Fellow at Balliol
College, Oxford, author of "Charlemagne," etc.

3. =THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.= =By Hilaire Belloc.=

57. =NAPOLEON, By H. A. L. Fisher=, Vice-Chancellor of Sheffield
University. Author of "The Republican Tradition in Europe."

20. =HISTORY OF OUR TIME. (1885-1911). BY C. P. Gooch.=

22. =THE PAPACY AND MODERN TIMES.= =By Rev. William Barry, D. D.=,
author of "The Papal Monarchy," etc. The story of the rise and fall
of the Temporal Power.

4. =A SHORT HISTORY OF WAR AND PEACE.= =By G. H. Perris=, author of
"Russia in Revolution," etc.

94. =THE NAVY AND SEA POWER.= =By David Hannay=, author of "Short
History of the Royal Navy," etc. A brief history of the navies, sea
Power, and ship growth of all nations, including the rise and
decline of America on the sea, and explaining the present British
supremacy.

8. =POLAR EXPLORATION.= =By Dr. W. S. Bruce=, Leader of the
"Scotia" expedition. Emphasizes the results of the expeditions.

51. =MASTER MARINERS.= =By John R. Spears=, author of "The History
of Our Navy," etc. A history of sea craft adventure from the
earliest times.

86. =EXPLORATION OF THE ALPS.= =By Arnold Lunn, M. A.=

7. =MODERN GEOGRAPHY.= =By Dr. Marion Newbigin.= Shows the relation
of physical features to living things and to some of the chief
institutions of civilization.

76. =THE OCEAN. A GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE SCIENCE OF THE SEA.= =By
Sir John Murray, K. C. B.=, Naturalist H. M. S. "Challenger,"
1872-1876, joint author of "The Depths of the Ocean," etc.

84. =THE GROWTH OF EUROPE.= =By Granville Cole=, Professor of
Geology, Royal College of Science, Ireland. A study of the geology
and physical geography in connection with the political geography.

AMERICAN HISTORY.

47. =THE COLONIAL PERIOD (1607-1766).= =By Charles McLean Andrews=,
Professor of American History, Yale.

82. =THE WARS BETWEEN ENGLAND AND AMERICA (1763-1815).= =By
Theodore C. Smith=, Professor of American History, Williams
College. A history of the period, with especial emphasis on The
Revolution and The War of 1812.

67. =FROM JEFFERSON TO LINCOLN (1815-1860).= =By William
MacDonald.= Professor of History, Brown University. The author
makes the history of this period circulate about constitutional
ideas and slavery sentiment.

25. =THE CIVIL WAR (1854-1865).= =By Frederick L. Paxson=,
Professor of American History, University of Wisconsin.

69. =RECONSTRUCTION AND UNION (1865-1912).= =By Paul Leland
Haworth.= A History of the United States in our own times.

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Transcriber's Notes:

Punctuation has been standardised.

Most inconsistencies in the original text were retained, including:
"civilise" and "civilize"
"colour" and "color"
"food supply" and "food-supply",
"ice action" and "ice-action",
"interrelations" and "inter-relations",
"land masses" and "land-masses",
"low growing" and "low-growing",
"milk products" and "milk-products",
"organise" and "organize"
"recently glaciated" and "recently-glaciated",
"recognise" and "recognize"
"summarises" and "summarizes"
"surface relief" and "surface-relief",
"trade wind" and "trade-wind",
"water power" and "water-power",
"well developed" and "well-developed"

The following is a list of changes made to the original text:

Page 31: call changed to called
(in the period called Tertiary,)
Page 41: canons changed to canyons
(Long gorges or canyons tend)
Page 53: facts changed to fact
(Secondly, the fact that the)
Page 55: effect changed to affect
(greatly affect the distribution)
Page 58: preglacial changed to pre-glacial
(form of the pre-glacial valley;)
Page 103: italic markup added to i. e.
(which were invariably _means_, _i. e._)
Page 107: effect changed to affect
(rule affect our climate less)
Page 136: sea-board changed to seaboard
(western seaboard to be occupied)
Page 192: vegetion changed to vegetation
(and types of vegetation)
Page 225: parial changed to partial
(afterwards its use was partial)
Page 229: accessaries changed to accessories
(certain accessories, notedly)
Page 244: fisted changed to fitted
(the best fitted for man's purposes.)
Page 253: Hartz changed to Harz
(Harz Mountains, 227)
Page 253: 1, 2 changed to 7, 8
(Humboldt, 7, 8)
Page 254: d'oïl changed to d'oeil
(Langue d'oeil, 198)
Page 254: Liquidamber changed to Liquidambar
(Liquidambar, 140)
Page 254: Maderanertal changed to Maderaner thal
(Maderaner thal, 68 (fig. 9))
Page 254: Marmosets changed to Marmots
(Marmots, 158)
Page 255: Saone changed to Saône
(Saône valley, 209)
Page 256: Theodule changed to Théodule
(Théodule Pass, 71)
Page 259: Bottany changed to Botany
(Professor of Botany)
Page 263: qustion changed to question
(Polish question of the present day)