Chapter M

MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 70-71, 107
McDermott Formation, 50
McGaffey Lake, 99
McMillan Reservoir, 117, 159
McRae Formation, 36, 112
Magdalena, 14, 99, 101, 141, 161-162;
Mountains, 38, 98, 99, 140, 161
magma, 36, 40
magnesium compounds, 53, 146
magnolia trees, 36
magpie, 31
maguey, 21
maize, 159
Maldonado, Fray Lucas, 120
malpais, 31, 100, 111
mammals, 26-32, 36, 49, 51, 57, 58, 95, 98, 114;
prehistoric, 49, 51, 55
mammoth, 55, 57
manganese, 53
Mancos Shale, 50
mano, illus. 59
Manzano, 99;
Mountains, 37, 38, 51, 98, 105, 138, 139, 161, 162;
Peak, 98
maple, 51
marten, 95
Martinez, Julian and Maria, 127
Martinez, Paddy, 150
Martinez, Padre José, 110
mastodon, 55
Mayhill, 100
melons, 122, 159
Mesa
Redonda, 155
Rica, 155
Verde [Colo.], 4, 5, 60, 84;
National Park, 164
Mesaverde Group, 50
mescal, 20, 21
Mescalero, 159;
Apache, 6, 21, 69, 70, 74, 132;
Indian Reservation, 99, 133, 134, 143
Mesilla, 72, 107;
Valley, 158, 161
Mesozoic
Era, 48-51
rocks, 33, 51
seas, 33
mesquite, 17, 19, 20, 71
metate, illus. 59
Mexican, 140, 141;
Colonial, 104, 107;
War, 12, 64
Mexico, 6, 7, 10, 12, 30, 31, 64, 67, 89, 90, 132, 137, 138, 139,
144, 148, 158, 161;
City, 6, 9
Miami Lake, 118
mica, 40, 53;
schist, illus. 40
mice, 31, 79
microcline, 40
Miles, General, 14
Mimbreno Apache, 74
Mimbres, 101, 144;
culture, 20, 143;
River, 4, 72, 143
minerals, 40, 53, 146 ff.
mink, 95
mining, 12, 14, 15, 23, 53, 72, 95, 99, 101, 125, 141, 143, 144,
146, 148-154, 160, 161
mission(s), 8, 9, 86, 89, 126;
churches, 8, illus. 11, 86, 105, 106, 107, illus. 119, 122,
123, 127;
ruins, 104
Mississippian
rocks, 42
seas, 43
time, 43
Mockingbird Gap, 41
Moenkopi Formation, 48
Mogollon, 141;
Apache, 74;
culture, 4, 59, 86;
Mountains, 14, 22, 75, 86;
people, 3, 59, 60, 86
mollusks, 51
molybdenum, 53, 154
Monjeau Lookout, 99, illus. 160
Montoya Dolomite, 41
Monument, 146, 148
Mora County, 112
Moreno Valley, 162
Moriarty, 155
Morphy Lake, 112;
State Park, 104, 112
Morrison Formation, 49
Mosca Peak, 98
Mountainair, 86, 99, 105, 161
mountain lion, 30, 31, 95
mountain mahogany, 20
mountains (_see_ under proper name: Animas, Big Hatchet, Black
Range, Brazos, Burro, Caballo, Capitan, Carrizo, Chuska,
Datil, Delaware, Diablo, Florida, Fra Cristobal, Gallinas,
Guadalupe, Hueco, Jemez, Ladron, Little Florida, Los
Pinos, Lukachukai, Magdalena, Manzano, Mogollon,
Nacimiento, Organ, Ortega, Pedernal Hills, Peloncillo,
Potrillo, Pyramid, Rocky, Sacramento, San Andres, Sandia,
Sangre de Cristo, San Juan, San Mateo, Taos, Victorio,
Zuní)
Mount
Baldy, 99
Riley, 158
Robledo, 70
Taylor, 37, 51, 98, 156
Withington, 99
Mule Peak, 99
museum, 104, 105
muskrat, 95

N
Nacimiento
Formation, 35, 36
Mountains, 35, 42, 156, 163
Peak, 97
Nambé, 128;
mission, 125;
Pueblo, 125
Nana, 70, 74
Natage Apache, 6, 132, 133
National Forests, 16, 24, 75, 93-103, map 94 (_see also_ under
proper names: Apache, Beaver, Carson, Cibola, Coronado,
Gila, Lincoln, Santa Fe)
National Monuments, 75-92, 138, 155 (_see also_ under proper
names: Aztec Ruins, Bandelier, Carlsbad Caverns (Park),
Capulin Mountain, Chaco Canyon, El Morro, Fort Union, Gila
Cliff Dwellings, Gran Quivira, Pecos, Valle Grande, White
Sands)
National Park System, 75, 76, 82, 85, 86, 92;
Service, 76, 81
Navajo, 6, 12, 15, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 71, 74, 110, 123, 126,
132, 133, 163, 164;
Dam, 109, 138;
Indian Reservation, map 56, 133, 138, 164;
Lake, 163;
State Park, 109;
Reservoir, 118
Neogene
Period, 37
time, 39
Newkirk, 155
New Mexico Department of Public Welfare, 70
New Mexico Volunteers, 13
niobium, 50
Niobrara limestone, 50
No Agua, 153, 162

O
oak, 20, 23, 36, 51, 100
Oasis State Park, 104, 111
obsidian, 54
Ochoan
rocks, 47
Series, 47
ocotillo, 17, 18, 20, 26
Ogallala Formation, 38
oil, 43, 45, 46, 53, 95, 138, 141, 146-148, 159, 163, 164;
fields, 146;
pumps, illus. 149;
refinery, illus. 147, 159;
secondary recovery, 148
Ojo Caliente, 74
Ojo del Oso (Bear Springs), 66, 67
Oñate (Don Juan), 7, 8, 90, 99, 120, 122, 126, 127, 128, 131
opuntia, 17, 19, 20
Ordovician, 146;
Period, 40;
rocks, 41;
seas, 41;
time, 41
Organ [N. Mex.], 160
Organ Mountains, 26, 158, 160
oriole, 31
Orogrande basin, 43
Ortega Mountains, 162
orthoclase, 40
Otowi bridge, 162
otter, 114
Ouray Limestone, 41
Our Lady of Lourdes (chapel), 127
oysters, 51

P
Painted Cave, 85
Painted Desert, 48
Pajarito Plateau, 136
Palace of the Governors, 4, 5, 104
(_see also_ El Palacio)
Paleogene
Period, 33, 36
time, map 35
Paleozoic, 146;
Era, 40-48;
rocks, 33, 49, 51;
time, 39, 46
palm trees, 36
Palo Flechado Pass, 162
paloverde, 17
Pan-American Central Highway, 162
Pancho Villa, 67, 109;
State Park, 104, 109
Panhandle Aspect, 62
Paradise Formation, 43
Paradox Basin, 43
partridge, 100
peanuts, 159
pecan, 158
Pecos, 97, 106, 115;
Baldy, 96;
Basin, 99;
“diamonds,” 108;
Division, 96, 97;
Horseshoe, 96;
mission, 104, 107;
National Monument, 62, 76, 106;
Pueblo, 62, 107;
River, 38, 74, 96, illus. 97, 111, 112, 114, 136, 155, 159,
162,
Forest Reserve, 96;
State Monument, 106;
Valley, 30, 46, 78, 159, 161;
Wilderness (Area), 75, 94, 96
Pedernal Hills, 40, 43, 161
pegmatite, 40
Peloncillo Mountains, 29, 158
Peña, Fray Juan de la, 123
Peñablanca, 115
Penasco, 95, 136
Penitente, 136
Pennsylvanian
limestone, 112
Period, 43, 156, 159
time, map 44, 45
perch, 115
Percha Shale, 41
perlite, 37, 53, 146, 153, 162
Permian, 45, 48, 146, 159, 161;
Period, 44, 77, 149;
rocks, 44-48;
seas, 46;
time, 45, 47
Pershing, Gen. John J., 70, 109
Petrified Forest National Monument, 48
petrified wood, 49
petroglyphs, 89, 113
petroleum, 146, 147, 164
Phoenix [Ariz.], 161
phytosaur, 49
Picacho Hill, 159
Pictured Cliffs Sandstone, 50
Picurís, 95;
Pueblo, 125-126;
San Lorenzo de, 125
Pierre Shale, 50
pike, 115, 117
Pilar, 162
pine, 22, 36, 49, 93, 100, 109, 163;
dwarf, 17;
ponderosa, 17, 21, 29, 112, 156, 157, 159;
yellow, 17, 21
piñon, 17, 20, illus. 22, 23, 135, 141, 155
Piñon, 43
Pinos Altos, 72
Piro, 8
pit houses, 4, 59, illus. 60, 61, 82, 86
Plains Indians, 54, 55, 63, 106, 132, 140
Pleistocene, 54, 55, 57, 111, 161;
Epoch, 38;
Ice Age, 54, 58
Poison Canyon Formation, 35
Pojoaque, 162;
Pueblo, 126
polyhalite, 48
Po-pé, 8, 127, 129
poplar, 36, 51
Porciuncula, Church of ... de, 106
porcupine, 31
Portales, 55, 104, 111, 159;
Valley, 111
potash, 48, 53, 141, 146, 148, 149, 150, 153, 159
potatoes, 159
Potrillo Mountains, 158
pottery, 62, 82, 84, 86, 113, illus. 113, 122, 127, 128;
black-on-white, 60, 61;
brown, 86;
brownware, 59;
white with black, 86
Powwow Canyon, 158
Precambrian, 156, 161;
Era, 38-40;
rocks, 33, 39, 40, 51
Presidio of Santa Fe, 9
prickly pears, 17, 19
protozoans, 44, 51
ptarmigan, 31
Pueblo
Bonito, 60, illus. 61, 82
Indians, 5, 8, 12, 54, 61, 62, 84, 86, 89, 120 ff., 162
periods:
Classic (or Great), 60, 61, 62, 82
Developmental, 60
Historic, 62
prehistoric, 82
Regressive, 62
Revolt, 8, 89, 90, 120, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129,
130, 131
ruins, 104
pumice, 36, 37, 53, 146
Punta de Agua, 105
Puye Cliff Dwellings, 62, 128, 136
Pyramid Mountains, 158

Q
quail, 28, 29, 30, 95, 98, 100
Quarai, 104
church, 161
Pueblo, 107
State Monument, 105
quartz, 39, 40, 41, 46, 50, 108
quartzites, 40, 161
Quemado, 36, 161
Questa, 95, 112, 154, 163

R
rabbit, 30, 31, 95
Radium Springs, 161
Ragland, 155
rattlesnakes, 18, 31
railroads, 12, 66, 70, 74, 92, 99, 115, 125, 151
Rain Dance, 123
Ramah [N. Mex.], 89
Ramirez, Fray Juan, 122
Rancheria Limestone, 42
Raton, 35, 37, 38, 50, 134, 136, 162, 163
Basin, 35, 36, 50
Formation, 35, 51
Mesa, 81, 109
Pass, 20, 136, 161, 162
raven, 31
redbeds, 36, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 155, 156, 157, 159, 161, 162
Red Lake, 155
Redondo Peak, cover
Red River, 95 (town), 112, 163 (river)
Canyon, 94, illus. 135
Pass, 163
Ski Area, 94
reeds, 36
reef, 42, 45, 46, 51, 77, 147
reptiles, 31, 36, 48, 49, 51
Reserve, 101
Reservoirs (_see under_ Lakes for individual listing)
rhyolite, 37, 39, 161
Rio
Bonito, 69
Chama, 162
de Gallo, 67
Grande (_see_ separate entry)
Hondo, 159
Penasco, 99
Puerco, 156, 163
Ruidoso, 159
Salado, 163
San Jose, 37, 48, 156
Valley, 49
Tesuque, 162
Tularosa, 159
Rio Grande, 4, 7, 12, 13, 16, 20, 38, 54, 60, 62, 67, 70, 72, 74,
84, 89, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 106, 107, 110, 114,
115, 127, 128, 131, 136, 137, 139, 143, 156, 158, 161, 162
Gorge, 112,
State Park, 104, 112
graben, illus. 37
pueblos, 62, 140
Valley, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 13, 30, 37, 38, 54, 59, 61, 84, 98,
112, 117, 123, 125, 126, 128, 132, 133, 135, 137, 140,
143, 158, 161, 162
Rito de Frijoles, 122
Rito Morphy, 112
roadrunner (chapparal), 31, illus. 32
state bird, 31
rocks (_see_ under proper name: Cambrian, Cenozoic, Devonian,
Jurassic, Mesozoic, Mississippian, Ochoan, Ordovician,
Paleozoic, Permian, Precambrian, Silurian, Triassic,
volcanic)
Rock Hound State Park, 104, 112
Rocky Mountains, 57, 58, 132, 133, 136
Rocky Arroyo, 159
Roswell, 46, 48, 104, 134, 146, 155, 159
Roy, 109
Royal Road (Camino Real), 9, 12, 139
rudistids, 51
Ruidoso, 43, 99, 100, 159
Creek, 99
Downs, 159
ruins, 4, 60, 62, 65, 68, 75, 82, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 92, 95, 101,
104, 105, 106, 113, 128, 129, 136, 138, 139, 156, 161
rushes, 42, 43-44
Rustler Dolomite, 47, 48

S
Sacramento Mountains, 28, 37, 42, 46, 51, 99, 141, 143, 159
Sacramento [N. Mex.], 99, 100
sage, 18, 19
saguaros, 17, 18
Saint Francis, 106
Saint Joseph, 125
Salado Salt, 47, 48
Salinas Peak, 160
Saline Missions, 105
salmon, 115
salt, 43, 45, 53, 54, 105, 115, 146, 149
saltbush, 18
Salt Flat lakes, 159
San Agustin Plains, 99, 140, 141, 161
San Andres
Limestone, 46, 110
Mountains, 26, 37, 40, 41, 42, 51, 160
San Antonio, 95, 134, 161
San Antonito, 155
San Augustin Pass, 160
San Buenaventura, 89
de Cochiti, 122
sand, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 79, 111,
159
Sandia
Cave, 55, 57
Crest, 98, illus. 137, 156
Mountains, 26, 36, 37, 38, 40, 42, 51, 98, 136, 155, 156, 162
points, 57
Pueblo, 126
Ski Area, 98
San Diego Mountain, 161
sandstone, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 50, 51, 89, 95, 105,
146, 155, 156, 157, 158, 161, 162
San Felipe, 128
church, 126
Pueblo, 126-127
San Francisco River, 59, 161
San Gabriel, 125
San Geronimo, 130
Sangre de Cristo Mountains, 13, 35, 37, 38, 40, 42, 50, 75, 94,
95, 96, 109, 121, 129, 135, 136, 155, 156, 162
Sangre de Cristo Redbeds, 45
San Gregorio
de Abo, 89, 105
Lake, 98
San Ildefonso, pottery, 127
Pueblo, 127
San Isidro, 89
San Jose Formation, 35, 36
San Juan, 7, 60, 125
Basin, 35, 50, 61, 82, 146, 149, 163, 164
de los Caballeros, 7, 127
Mountains, 35, 38, 50, 162, 163
Pueblo, 127-128
River, 59, 109, 138, 163, 164
Valley, 30
San Lorenzo, 72
San Mateo Mountains, 38, 98, 99, 140, 161
San Miguel
mission church, illus. 119
Pueblo ruins, 85
San Pedro Wild Area, 97-98
San Rafael, 67, 157
Santa Ana Pueblo, 128
Santa Barbara [N. Mex.], 95
Santa Clara
Creek, 128
Pueblo, 128
Santa Fe, 4, 7, 8, 9, 13, 19, 22, 36, 37, 38, 40, 42, 45, 49, 51,
64, 66, 73, 75, 84, 85, 90, 92, 96, 97, 104, 105, 106,
109, 111, 119, 121, 125, 127, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136,
137, 138, 139, 161, 162
Formation, 112
Group, 38
National Forest, 96-98
Railway, 46, 50, 125
River State Park, 104, 111
Ski Basin, 97
Trail, 10, 11, 24, 64, 66, 90, 92, 104, 129, 136, 137, 139
Santa Maria mission, illus. 124
Santander, Father Diego de, 89
Santa Rita, 51, 53, 72, 143, 148, 151, 153, 161
Santa Rosa, 134, 155
Sandstone, 48, 111
Santo Domingo, 128;
Pueblo, 126, 128-129, 162
San Ysidro, 49, 163
schist, 40, 161
science, 12, 15, 67, 139, 143, 147
scorpion, 31
sea, 41
sea lilies, 42
secondary recovery (oil), 148
Selden Canyon, 161
Seven Cities of Cibola, 6, 132
Seven Rivers, 159
Shalako dances, 132
Shakespeare, 158
shale, 41, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 155, 156, 157, 158, 162
sheep, 26, 53, 75, 89, 93
Barbary, 31
bighorn, 28, 29;
desert, 26;
Rocky Mountain, 26, 98, 156
shells, 54
Shiprock, 37, 43, 51, 151, 163, 164
Shoshone, 124
Sibley, General Henry H., 13, 72, 73
Sierra Blanca, 36, 38, 51, 100, 138, illus. 139, 159
Ski Area, illus. 100, 133, 159
Sierra
County, 36
de las Uvas, 158
Grande, 81
Arch, 43
Oscura, 161
silicified wood, 36, 38, 49
silt, 38,41, 48, 49
siltstone, 38, 51
Silurian, 41
rocks, 41
silver, 7, 13, 14, 23, 53, 132, 144, 146
Silver City, 20, 23, 24, 40, 72, 75, 86, 101, 143, 144, 148, 151,
161
Simpson, Lt. J. H., 90
Sipapu Winter Sports Area, 94-95
Sitting Bull Falls, 159
skipway, 151, illus. 153
skunk, 31, 95
Sky City (_see_ Acoma Pueblo)
sloths, 55
Slough, Col. J. P., 92
Smokey the Bear, 99, 100
snails, 36, 41, 49
Snake Ranch Flats, 161
snakes, 18, 31, 36
Socorro, 8, 12, 13, 14, 19, 36, 37, 59, 72, 89, 99, 134, 139, 161
Mountain, 38, 140
sodium chloride, 149, 150
Sonoran
desert, 26, 103, 109, 138, 143
Lower Zone, 19, 20
Upper Zone, 20, illus. 25
sotol, 20
South Truchas Peak, 38
Spain, 6, 9, 10, 11
Spanish, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18, 53, 54, 62, 63,
86, 89, 92, 95, 99, 104, 120, 122, 123, 125, 126, 128,
129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139, 140, 141, 143,
148, 158, 162
dagger, 21
Peaks, 81
sparrow, 31
spider, 31, 44
Spirit Lake, 96
spodumene, 40
Springer, 134, 162
spruce, 16, 17, 18, 26, 100;
blue, 22, 141;
Engelmann, 22, 156
squash, 58, 84, 122
squirrel, 31, 32
Staked Plains (Llano Estacado), 132, 155, 159, 161
stalactites, 76, 78
stalagmites, 76, 78
state
bird, 31
Capitol, 111
flower, 20
mammal, 28
State Highway
4: 106, 162
10: 98, 105, 156
12: 134
17: 95
23: 156
25: illus. 103
26: 71
28: 158
36: 157
37: 159
38: 163
44: 36, 134, 163
53: 157
68: 164
75: 136
76: 136
78: 101
90: 72, 144
94: 112
120: 109
137: 159
180: 101
370: 112
467: 111
State Monuments, 104-107, 155
(_see also_ under proper names: Abo, Coronado, El Palacio,
Folsom Man, Gran Quivira, Jemez, La Mesilla, Lincoln
(County Courthouse), Pecos, Quarai, Selden)
State Parks, 104, 107-112, 155
(_see also_ under proper names: Alamogordo Lake, Bluewater
Lake, Bottomless Lakes, Caballo Lake, City of Rocks,
Clayton Lake, Conchas Lake, Elephant Butte Lake, El Vado
Lake, Hyde Memorial, Kit Carson Memorial, Morphy Lake,
Navajo Lake, Oasis, Pancho Villa, Rio Grande Gorge, Rock
Hound, Santa Fe River, Storrie Lake, Ute Lake, Valley of
Fires)
staurolite, illus. 40
Stegosaurus, 49
Stein’s Pass, 158
Stewart Lake, 96
Stone Lions, 85
Storrie Lake, 104;
State Park, 110
strawberries, 159
Sugarlump Welded Rhyolite Tuff, 110
sulfur, 53
Summerville
beds, 156
Formation, 49
sunfish, 117
swan, 28
sycamore trees, 36
sylvanite, 149
sylvite, 48

T
Taiban, 155
Tajique, 99
Tano, 124
Tansill Formation, 77
Taos, 8, 19, 37, 38, 50, 93, 95, 104, 110, 145, 162, 163;
Canyon, 95;
County, 153;
don Fernando de, 129;
Indians, 129;
mission, 129, illus. 130;
Mountains, 129;
Pueblo, 95, 129-130;
Ranchos de, 129, illus. 130;
San Geronimo de, 129;
Ski Valley, 95
tapirs, 55
tarantula, 31
Teakettle Rock, 98
tench, 115
Tent Rocks, 98, illus. 121
Tererro Formation, 42
terrapin, 31
Tertiary, 163
Tesuque
Indians, 130
Pueblo, 130-131
River, 162
Three Rivers, 134
Tierra Amarilla, 40, 74
Tiguex, 106, 126
Tijeras, 99, 156;
Canyon, 40, 156
timber, 75, 99, 100, 103, 122
titanium, 50
toad, 31
Todilto Formation, 49, 156
tomatoes, 159
Torreon, 99
tortoise, 31
tramway, 98
Transition Zone, 21
Tres Piedras, 95, 162
Tres Ritos, 95
Triassic, 48, 159, 162;
age, 109, 155;
Period, 48;
redbeds, 49, 155, 156, 157;
rocks, 48, 155;
time, 48
Triceratops, 51
trilobite, 40, 41
Trinidad Sandstone, 50
trout, 95, 101, 108, 110, 111, 112, 118, 144;
black spotted, 115;
brook, 115;
brown, 110, 115;
German brown, 115;
cutthroat, 114, 115;
rainbow, 110, 111, 114, 115, illus. 116
Truchas, 95, 136;
Lakes, 96
Truth or Consequences, 74, 101, 111, 135, 161
Tucumcari, 38, 74, 155;
Mountain, 155
tuff, 82
Tularosa, 28, 45, 143, 159;
Basin, 79, 99, 111, 159, 160
turkey (wild), 28, 29, 95, 98, 100, illus. 102
turquoise, 54
turtles, 36
Tyuonyi Pueblo ruin, illus. 25, 62

U
Uncompahgre Range, 43
Union [forces], 12, 13, 70, 72, 73, 74, 92, 137
U.S. Highway
54: 134
56: 134
60: 99, 105, 134, 155, 161
62: 134, 158
64: 134, 136, 162
66: 17, 48, 66, 67, 98, 134, 155, 164
70: 133, 134, 135, 143, 158, 159
80: 135, 158
84: 95, 106, 112, 134, 155, 162
85: 36, 65, 67, 70, 101, 106, 134, 135, 136, 137, 144, 161,
162
180: 134, 135, 141, 158, 161
260: 101, 134, 161
285: 134, 159, 162
380: 69, 99, 107, 111, 134, 159, 161
550: 163, 164
666: 134, 164
U.S. Public Health Service, 70, 72
uranium, 49, 53, 125, 138, 146, 148, 150, 151, 152, 153, 156
Ute, 65, 90;
Creek, 111;
Dam, 111;
Indian, 132, 133;
Lake State Park, 104, 111;
Reservation, map 56, 133, 138