Chapter XVIII: Appendix (3)

Low tension system, action of, 91, 270.

Lubrication, 34, 35.
of chains, 225.
of springs, 229.

Lubrication systems, 36.

Lubrication table, 244.

Lubrication troubles, 201.

Lubricator failure, effect of, 215.

Lubricator pipes, cleaning of, 202.

Magnetic field, 88, 251.

Magnetic lines of force, 87.

Magnetic make-and-break system, 323.

Magnetic vibrator, 103.

Magnetism, 86, 245.
electric current generated by, 87.
test for, 265.

Magnetism and induction, 93, 254.

Magneto, action of, 88, 95.
classification, 261.
drives, 263.
dual systems, 300, 316.
effect of changing speed, 262.
Eisemann, care of, 294.
high tension, four spark, 308.
interrupter, 286.
low tension, ignition by, 258.
wiring of, 272.
with secondary coil, 283.
parts, 256.
preserving magnetism of, 266.
principles, 255 _et seq._
removing armature of, 183, 266.
Remy, 320.
retention of magnetism of, 184, 266.
safety spark gap, 289.
starting engine with, 263.
testing, 264.

Magneto setting, 185, 274, 306.

Magneto troubles, causes of, 183, 264.

Magnetos, Bosch, 301, 308, 317, 323.
high tension, care of, 305.
principles of, 297.
setting, 303.
high tension, troubles of, 306.
inductor type, 319.
magnetic make-and-break, 323.

Magnets, permanent and electro-, 87, 249, 253.

Maintenance and construction, 220.

Make-and-break ignition, action of, 91, 270.

Make-and-break trouble, location of, 206.

Make-and-break wiring, 240.

Measurements, electrical, 77.

Mechanical generator, action of, 86.
care of, 88, 89.

Mechanical vibrator, 103.

Mechanically-controlled carburetor, 58.
construction of, 62.

Mechanically operated valve, action of, 26.

Mixing chamber, carburetor, 53.
central, 60.
side, 60.

Mixture, imperfect combustion of, 10.

Muffler, necessity for, 30.

Muffler explosions, causes of, 219.

Multiple connection of battery, 85.

Multiple disk clutch, 114.
parts of, 116.

Necessity for auxiliary air in carburetor, 56.
for bevel gears, 142.
for carburetor, 53.
for change-speed mechanism, 119.
for clutch, 112.
for compression, 10.
for cooling cylinder, 30.
for differential, 152.
for distance or radius rods, 176.
for early ignition, 11.
for fixed-front axle, 162.
for fly wheel, 8.
for ignition, 8.
for muffler, 30.
for spraying the gasoline, 57.
for switch, 89.
for timer, 98.
for torsion rod, 148.
for universal joints, 144.
for valves, 8.
for vibrator, 102.
for withdrawing clutch when changing gear, 130.

Negative pole, 76.

Noises, 217.

Nonconductors, 76.

Ohms, 78.

Oil, burned, deposit from, 31.
depth of, in crank case, 224.

Opening of exhaust valve, 15.

Operation of differential, 155.

Overheating, 215.

Overheating, causes of, 199.
warning of, 216.

Parallel connection of battery, 85.

Parts of engine, 20.
of cam, 26.
of carburetor, 53.
of ignition system, 75.
of magneto, 256.
of multiple disk clutch, 116.
of primary circuit, 97.
of secondary circuit, 97.

Permanent magnet, 87.

Piston, 23.
stuck, 216.

Piston pin (see Wrist Pin).

Piston rings, 24.
care of, 223.
setting of, 198.
trouble of, 198.

Planetary gear action, 136.

Planetary type of change-speed mechanism, 132.

Points, crank shaft, 22.

Poles, positive and negative, 76.

Poles of generator, 75.

Ports of two-cycle engine, 47.

Positive pole, 76.

Power of gasoline engine, 18.
of steam engine, 18.

Power stroke, 15.

Preignition, causes of, 215.

Pressure circulation of water, 32.

Pressure feed of gasoline, 66.

Pressure from combustion, 4.

Primary circuit, 109.
parts of, 97.
testing of, 206.

Primary generators, 80.

Primary induction coil, use of, 93.

Production of electric current, 80.

Progressive type sliding gear, 121.

Propeller-shaft drive, 144.

Properties of gases, 1.

Protection of tires, 222.

Pumps, water, 32.

Purpose of ignition system, 74.

Push rod, 28.

Radiators, 32.

Radius rods, necessity for, 176.

Ratios, driving gear, 159.

Rear axle, dead, 152.

Reason for skidding, 174.

Recuperation of battery, 183.

Relative positions of cranks, 22.

Remy magneto, 320.

Renewing vibrator contacts, 186.

Replacing valve springs, 227.

Requisites for air cooling, 35.

Resistance, 76.
heat produced by, 77.

Retard of ignition, 13.
too far, 13.

Return, grounding the, 79.

Return wire, 78.

Reverse, action of, 125.

Reversible steering mechanism, 164.

Revolution and stroke, 5.

Rings, piston, 24.

Rod, radius, necessity for, 176.
torsion, necessity for, 148.
valve lifter, 28.

Running brake, 169.

Running gear, 161.

Seat, valve, 25.

Secondary cells, 80.

Secondary circuit, 109.
grounding of, 108.
parts of, 97.
testing of, 212.

Secondary current, 97.

Secondary distributer, 110, 287.
causes of trouble in, 192.

Secondary induction coil, use of, 96.

Secondary shaft, 28.

Selective type, advantages of, 129.
of sliding gear, 126.

Series connection of battery, 85.

Setting igniter points, 189.

Setting magneto, 185.

Setting piston rings, 198.

Shaft, cam, 28.
jack, 152.

Shock absorbers, 176.

Short circuit, definition of, 79.
causes of, 187.

Side chain drive, 150.

Silencer, 30.

Single-acting brake, 167.

Single chain drive, 142.

Six-cylinder engine balance, 44.

Skidding, reason for, 174.

Sliding gear, action of, 120.
progressive type of, 121.
selective type of, 126.

Spark, effect of compression on, 188.

Spark gap, size of, 188.

Spark plug, 106.
cleaning of, 189.
distance between points of, 188.
fouled, effect of, 212.
trouble in, causes of, 187.

Sparking in timer, 108.

Speed, control of, by ignition, 14.
effect of varying, on carburetor, 56.
excessive, results of, 19.
ignition affected by, 12.

Spray nozzle, carburetor, 55.

Spraying gasoline, necessity for, 57.

Springs, assembling, 229.
automatic valve, 27.
care of, 228.
lubrication of, 229.
vehicle, action of, 175.

Steam engine, action of, 2.
power of, 18.

Steering, 161.
control of, 164.
principle of, 163.

Steering arm, bent, effect of, 228.

Steering knuckles, 162.

Steering mechanism, care of, 227.
irreversible, 165.
reversible, 164.

Stem, valve, 25.

Storage battery, charging of, 82.

Storage cell, action of, 81.
terminals of, 83.
voltage of, 84.

Strainer, gasoline, 70.

Stratified mixture (see Imperfect Combustion of Mixture).

Stroke and revolution, 5.

Strokes of cycles, 6.

Sun and planet gears (see Planetary).

Surface carburetors, 64.

Switch, necessity for, 89.

Switch trouble, causes of, 193.

Systems, cooling, 31.

Tank, air-bound, 194.

Tank trouble, causes of, 194.

Tappet, igniter, 92.
spring of, 92.
strength of, 190.

Terminals of generator, 75.
of storage cells, 83.

Testing carburetor, 207.
coils, 206.
electrolyte, 83.
for compression leaks, 211.
for faulty cylinder, 212.
for tight bearings and brakes, 221.
ignition, 203.

Testing, make-and-break, 204.
primary circuit, 206.
secondary circuit, 212, 213.

Thermosiphon system of water cooling, 34.

Three-cylinder engine balance, 44.

Throttle, 62.
worn connections of, effect of, 232.

Throws, crank shaft, 38.

Timer, 97.
control rods of, effect of wear on, 191.
grounding of, 101.
loose on shaft, 191.
moving of, to advance ignition, 101.
necessity for, 98.
setting of, 192.
sparking in, 106.
trouble of, causes of, 191.

Timers, types of, 98.

Timing magneto, 185.

Tires, 172.
cleaning of, 222.
protection of, 222.
reducing the
cutting of, 223.
unevenly worn, cause of, 228.

Torsion rod, necessity for, 148.

Transmission, parts of, 112.

Trap on gasoline line, 73.

Trembler (see Vibrator).

Trouble, air intake, 197.
battery, causes of, 182.
carburetor,
causes of, 195.
circulation connections, 199.
coil, causes of, 186.
compression, causes of, 197.
cooling, causes of, 199.
engine failing to deliver full power, 209.
engine failing to start, 208.
engine missing at high speed, 213.
engine starting, then stopping, 214.
engine stopping, 216.
freezing of water, 200.
gasoline, causes of, 193.
gasoline feed pipe, causes of, 195.
igniter, causes of, 189, 282.
ignition, causes of, 179.
location of, 203.
lubrication, 201.
magneto, Bosch, 296.
causes of, 183, 264, 306.
Eisemann, 295.
in general, 264.
low tension, 281.
missing explosions, 211.
noises, 217.
overheating, 215.
piston ring, 198.
secondary distributer, causes of, 192.
spark plug, causes of, 187.
switch, causes of, 193.
tank, causes of, 194.
timer, causes of, 191.
weak explosions, 210.

Two-cycle engine, 47,
action of, 49.
advantages and disadvantages of, 50.
efficiency of, 51.

Two-cylinder engine balance, 38.

Two-cylinder vertical engine, disadvantages of, 42.

Two-to-one gears, 28.

Types of carburetors, 58.
of timers, 98.

Universal joints, action of, 144.
necessity for, 144.

Use of antiskid devices, 174.

Valve, automatic, 25.
action of, 26.
adjustment of, 235.
spring of, 27.
check and relief, 68.
grinding of, 226.
leaking of, effect of, 213.
lifter rod of, 28.
mechanically operated, action of, 26.
parts of, 25.
setting of, 232.
spring of, replacing of, 227.

Valves, location of, 29.
necessity for, 8.

Vapor of gasoline, 52.

Vehicle springs, action of, 175.

Vibration absorbed by fly wheel, 37.

Vibration of engines, 37.

Vibrator, 103.

Vibrator, adjustment of, 229.
principle of, 105.
contacts of, renewing of, 186.
necessity for, 102.
parts of, 103.
slow, effect of, 213.

Vibrators, mechanical and magnetic, 103.
action of, 103.

Voltage of storage cell, 84.

Volts, 77.

Warning of overheating, 216.

Washing the car, 221.

Water, cooling, flow of, 31.
dirt in, 199.
forced circulation of, 32.
gravity system of, 34.

Water cooling, 31.

Water jackets, 31.

Water pumps, 32.

Wear of tires, 173.

Weight of fly wheel, 42.

Winding of primary induction coil, 93.
of secondary induction coil, 96.

Wires, broken, 181.
causes of breaking, 180.

Wiring, 236.
for jump spark, 238.
for make-and-break, 240.

Wrist pin, 23.

THE END

A MOTOR-BOAT STORY.

Across Europe in a Motor-Boat.

By HENRY C. ROWLAND, author of “In the Shadow,” etc. Illustrated by upward of fifty sketches. 12mo. Decorated cloth, gilt top, $2.00 net.

This is a delightful narrative of an absolutely unique trip. Mr. Rowland and his two friends had a motor-boat constructed in London for a seven-thousand-mile inland voyage which should circle Europe by way of the Seine, the Rhine, the Danube, and the Black Sea. The struggles with the motor, which develops a degree of perversity almost human, the innumerable humorous and exciting incidents, and the final terrific adventure which ends the narrative with a shipwreck in the Black Sea, make it the most novel and entertaining book of travel of recent years. The talented author is well known through half a dozen books and many magazine stories. The style of the volume is very attractive. Some fifty sketches are sprinkled through the text.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

AN EXTRAORDINARY BOOK.

The Unofficial Letters of an Official’s Wife.

By EDITH MOSES. 12mo. Cloth, gilt top, $1.50 net.

This is a volume of actual letters which Mrs. Moses, the wife of Professor Moses, wrote from the Philippines to her relatives here in the United States. Professor Moses, who is connected with the University of California, was one of the five members of the first commission, of which Secretary Taft was the head, sent out by the U. S. Government to organize the government of the Philippine Islands. The members of this commission were practically the first important Americans to go to the Philippines in a peaceful and a civil capacity. Mrs. Moses, therefore, saw the social, political, and home life in Manila as well as in the provinces and the different islands before American civilization had entered there to any extent. Her letters, while descriptive, have a very definite connection one with the other. They describe the arrival at the Philippines, the beginning of life there, housekeeping, the seemingly strange methods of daily life, servant problems, and so on, in Manila. Nothing like these letters has appeared in regard to the Philippine Islands at any time. It should be borne in mind, furthermore, that these letters are not in any way technical or having to do with the organization of the Philippine government. They are, as the title suggests, quite “unofficial” letters of a lady who, because of her connection with official circles, saw many things which an ordinary traveler never could see.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

Transcriber’s Notes

pg 31 Changed: thermo-siphon circulation to: thermosiphon
pg 142 Changed: there is less change to: chance
pg 175 Changed: chains or other anti-skid to: antiskid
pg 272 Changed: In multi-cylinder engines to: multicylinder
pg 272 Changed: illustration text to: Make-and-Break
pg 280 Changed: period to comma after: be brought into use
pg 326 Added period after: Indicated by excessive heating
pg 326 Added period after: Defective insulation
pg 326 Added period after: Mixture ignites
pg 326 Added period after: Faulty adjustment of float
pg 326 Added period after: Seconday short circuit ([1])
pg 326 Added period after: should be from 1/64 to 1/132 inch
pg 326 Changed: Dose cylinder with to: Douse
pg 337 Changed: Thermo-siphon system to: Thermosiphon
Distributor and distributer both used in text.
Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.