Chapter I: Preface

This work is designed to meet an existing want, viz.: a popular manual of Indian Mammalia. At present the only work of the kind is one which treats exclusively of the Peninsula of India, and which consequently omits the more interesting types found in Assam, Burmah, and Ceylon, as well as the countries bordering the British Indian Empire on the North. The geographical limits of the present work have been extended to all territories likely to be reached by the sportsman from India, thus greatly enlarging the field of its usefulness.

The stiff formality of the compiled "Natural Histories" has been discarded, and the Author has endeavoured to present, in interesting conversational and often anecdotal style, the results of experience by himself and his personal friends; at the same time freely availing himself of all the known authorities upon the subject.

CONTENTS.

NO. PAGE
INTRODUCTION 1

ORDER BIMANA 3

ORDER QUADRUMANA 7

Genus Hylobates--The Gibbons--

1. Hylobates hooluck (_White-fronted Gibbon_) 8
2. " lar (_White-handed Gibbon_) 11
3. " syndactylus (_Siamang_) 12

Genus Presbytes--Cuvier's Genus Semnopithecus--

4. Semnopithecus _vel_ Presbytes entellus (_Bengal Langur_) 14
5. " _vel_ P. schistaceus (_Himalayan Langur_) 16
6. " _vel_ P. priamus (_Madras Langur_) 16
7. " _vel_ P. Johnii (_Malabar Langur_) 17
8. " _vel_ P. jubatus (_Nilgheri Langur_) 18
9. " _vel_ P. pileatus (_Capped Langur_) 18
10. " _vel_ P. Barbei (_Tipperah Langur_) 19
11. " _vel_ P. Phayrei (_Silvery-Leaf Monkey_) 19
12. " _vel_ P. obscurus (_Dusky-Leaf Monkey_) 20
13. " _vel_ P. cephalopterus (_Ceylon Langur_) 20
14. " _vel_ P. ursinus (_Great Wanderu_) 21
15. " _vel_ P. thersites 22
16. " _vel_ P. albinus (_White Langur_) 23

SUB-FAMILY PAPIONINAE 24

Genus Inuus--

17. Inuus _vel_ Macacus silenus (_Lion Monkey_) 24
18. " _vel_ M. rhesus (_Bengal Monkey_) 25
19. " _vel_ M. pelops (_Hill Monkey_) 26
20. " _vel_ M. nemestrinus (_Pig-tailed Monkey_) 26
21. " _vel_ M. leoninus (_Long-haired Pig-tailed Monkey_) 27
22. " _vel_ M. arctoides (_Brown Stump-tailed Monkey_) 28
23. " _vel_ M. Thibetanus (_Thibetan Stump-tailed Monkey_) 28

Genus Macacus--

24. Macacus radiatus (_Madras Monkey_) 28
25. " pileatus (_Capped Monkey_) 29
26. " cynomolgus (_Crab-eating Macacque_) 30
27. " carbonarius (_Black-faced Crab-eating Monkey_) 31

FAMILY LEMURIDAE 31

Genus Nycticebus--

28. Nycticebus tardigradus (_Slow-paced Lemur_) 31

Genus Loris--

29. Loris gracilis (_Slender Lemur_) 33

SUB-ORDER PLEUROPTERA--FAMILY GALAEOPITHECIDAE 33

Genus Galaeopithecus--

30. Galaeopithecus volans (_Flying Lemur_) 34

ORDER CARNARIA 35

CHEIROPTERA 35

MEGACHIROPTERA--SUB-FAMILY PTEROPODIDAE 36

Genus Pteropus--

31. Pteropus Edwardsii _vel_ medius (_Common Flying Fox_) 37
32. " Leschenaultii (Cynonycteris amplexicaudata)
(_Fulvous Fox-Bat_) 40

Genus Cynopterus--

33. Cynopterus marginatus (_Small Fox-Bat_) 40
34. Macroglossus (Pteropus) minimus (_Tenasserim Fox-Bat_) 41

Genus Eonycteris--

35. Eonycteris spelaea 41

MICROCHIROPTERA--SUB-FAMILY VAMPYRIDAE 42

Genus Megaderma--

36. Megaderma lyra (_Large-eared Vampire Bat_) 42
37. " spectrum (_Cashmere Vampire_) 43
38. " spasma 43

RHINOLOPHINAE 44

Genus Rhinolophus--

39. Rhinolophus perniger _vel_ luctus (_Large Leaf-Bat_) 44
40. " mitratus (_Mitred Leaf-Bat_) 44
41. " tragatus _vel_ ferrum-equinum (_Dark-brown
Leaf-Bat_) 45
42. " Pearsonii (_Pearson's Leaf-Bat_) 46
43. " affinis (_Allied Leaf-Bat_) 46
44. " rouxi (_Rufous Leaf-Bat_) 46
45. " macrotis (_Large-eared Leaf-Bat_) 47
46. " sub-badius (_Bay Leaf-Bat_) 47
47. " rammanika 47
48. " Andamanensis 48
49. " minor 48
50. " coelophyllus 48
51. " Garoensis 48
52. " Petersii 49
53. " trifoliatus 49

Genus Hipposideros _vel_ Phyllorhina--

54. Hipposideros armiger (_Large Horse-shoe Bat_) 50
55. " speoris (_Indian Horse-shoe Bat_) 50
56. " murinus (_Little Horse-shoe Bat_) 51
57. " cineraceus (_Ashy Horse-shoe Bat_) 51
58. " larvatus 51
59. " vulgaris (_Common Malayan Horse-shoe Bat_) 52
60. " Blythii 52
61. Phyllorhina diadema 52
62. " Masoni 53
63. " Nicobarensis 53
64. " armigera 53
65. " leptophylla 54
66. " galerita 54
67. " bicolor 55

Genus Coelops--

68. Coelops Frithii (_Frith's Tailless Bat_) 55

Genus Rhinopoma--

69. Rhinopoma Hardwickii (_Hardwick's Long-tailed Leaf-Bat_) 56

SUB-FAMILY NOCTILIONIDAE 56

Genus Taphozous--

70. Taphozous longimanus (_Long-armed Bat_) 57
71. " melanopogon (_Black-bearded Bat_) 57
72. " saccolaimus (_White-bellied Bat_) 58
73. " Theobaldi 58
74. " Kachhensis 58

Genus Nyctinomus--

75. Nyctinomus plicatus (_Wrinkle-lipped Bat_) 59
76. " tragatus 59

SUB-FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE 60

Genus Plecotus--

77. Plecotus auritus _vel_ homochrous 60

Genus Vesperugo--

78. Vesperugo noctula 61
79. " leucotis 61
80. " maurus 62
81. " affinis 62
82. " pachyotis 62
83. " atratus 62
84. " Tickelli 63
85. " pachypus 63
86. " annectans 63
87. " dormeri 63
88. (Vesperugo) Scotophilus serotinus (_Silky Bat_) 63
89. " " Leisleri (_Hairy-armed Bat_) 64
Scotophilus pachyomus 64
90. (Vesperugo) Scotophilus Coromandelianus (_Coromandel Bat_) 64
91. " " lobatus (_Lobe-eared Bat_) 65

Genus Scotophilus--

92. Scotophilus fuliginosus (_Smoky Bat_) 65
93. " Temminckii 65
94. " Heathii 66
95. " emarginatus 66
96. " ornatus 66
97. " pallidus 67
Noctulinia noctula 67
Nycticejus Heathii (_Large Yellow Bat_) 67
" luteus (_Bengal Yellow Bat_) 67
" Temminckii (_Common Yellow Bat_) 67
" castaneus (_Chestnut Bat_) 67
" atratus (_Sombre Bat_) 67
" canus (_Hoary Bat_) 67
" ornatus (_Harlequin Bat_) 68
98. " nivicolus (_Alpine Bat_) 68

Genus Harpiocephalus--

99. Harpiocephalus harpia 69
100. " (Murina) suillus (_The Pig-Bat_) 69
101. " auratus 70
102. " griseus 70
103. " leucogaster 70
104. " cyclotis 70

Genus Kerivoula--

105. Kerivoula picta (_Painted Bat_) 71
" pallida 72
106. " papillosa 72
107. " Hardwickii 72

Genus Vespertilio--

108. Myotis (Vespertilio) murinus 73
109. " Theobaldi 73
110. " parvipes 73
111. Vespertilio longipes 73
112. " mystacinus 73
113. " muricola 73
114. " montivagus 74
115. " murinoides 74
116. " formosus 74
117. " Nepalensis 74
118. " emarginatus 75

Genus Miniopterus--

119. Miniopterus Schreibersii 76

Genus Barbastellus--

120. Barbastellus communis 76
121. Nyctophilus Geoffroyi 76

INSECTIVORA 77

FAMILY TALPIDAE--THE MOLES 79

Genus Talpa--

122. Talpa micrura (_Short-tailed Mole_) 81
123. " macrura (_Long-tailed Mole_) 81
124. " leucura (_White-tailed Mole_) 81

FAMILY SORECIDAE 82

Genus Sorex--

125. Sorex caerulescens (_Common Musk Shrew, better known as
Musk-rat_) 83
126. " murinus (_Mouse-coloured Shrew_) 85
127. " nemorivagus (_Nepal Wood Shrew_) 85
128. " serpentarius (_Rufescent Shrew_) 85
129. " saturatior (_Dark-brown Shrew_) 86
130. " Tytleri (_Dehra Shrew_) 86
131. " niger (_Neilgherry Wood Shrew_) 86
132. " leucops (_Long-tailed Shrew_) 87
133. " soccatus (_Hairy-footed Shrew_) 87
134. " montanus (_Ceylon Black Shrew_) 87
135. " ferrugineus (_Ceylon Rufescent Shrew_) 87
136. " Griffithi (_Large Black Shrew_) 88
137. " heterodon 88

Genus Feroculus--

138. Feroculus macropus (_Large-footed Shrew_) 88
139. Sorex Hodgsoni (_Nepal Pigmy-Shrew_) 88
140. " Perroteti (_Neilgherry Pigmy-Shrew_) 89
141. " micronyx (_Small-clawed Pigmy-Shrew_) 89
142. " melanodon (_Black-toothed Pigmy-Shrew_) 89
143. " nudipes (_Naked-footed Shrew_) 89
144. " atratus (_Black Pigmy-Shrew_) 89

Sub-genus Soriculus--

145. Soriculus nigrescens (_Mouse-tailed Shrew_) 90

Genus Crossopus--

146. Crossopus Himalaicus (_Himalayan Water-Shrew_) 90

Genus Nyctogale--

147. Nyctogale elegans (_Thibet Water-Shrew_) 92

Genus Corsira--

148. Corsira Alpina (_Alpine Shrew_) 92

Genus Anurosorex--

149. Anurosorex Assamensis (_Assam Burrowing Shrew_) 93

FAMILY ERINACEIDAE--THE HEDGEHOGS 93

Genus Erinaceus--

150. Erinaceus collaris (_Collared Hedgehog_) 96
151. " micropus (_Small-footed Hedgehog_) 96
152. " pictus (_Painted Hedgehog_) 97
153. " Grayi 97
154. " Blanfordi 97
155. " Jerdoni 97
156. " megalotis (_Large-eared Hedgehog_) 98

FAMILY HYLOMIDAE 99

Genus Hylomys--

157. Hylomys Peguensis (_Short-tailed Tree-Shrew_) 99

FAMILY TUPAIIDAE 99

Genus Tupaia--

158. Tupaia Ellioti (_Elliot's Tree-Shrew_) 101
159. " Peguana _vel_ Belangeri (_Pegu Tree-Shrew_) 101
160. " Chinensis 103
161. " Nicobarica 103
162. Gymnura Rafflesii (_Bulau_) 104

CARNIVORA 105

ARCTOIDEA--PLANTIGRADA 108

URSIDAE 108

Genus Ursus--

163. Ursus Isabellinus (_Himalayan Brown Bear_) 111
164. " (Helarctos) torquatus _vel_ Tibetanus
(_Himalayan Black Bear_) 113
165. " (Helarctos) gedrosianus (_Baluchistan Bear_) 116
166. " " Malayanus (_Bruang or Malayan Sun Bear_) 116
167. " (Melursus) labiatus (_Common Indian Sloth Bear_) 118

AILURIDAE 123

Genus Ailuropus--

168. Ailuropus melanoleucos 124

Genus Ailurus--

169. Ailurus fulgens (_Red Cat-Bear_) 128

SEMI-PLANTIGRADES 130

MELIDIDAE; OR, BADGER-LIKE ANIMALS 130

Genus Arctonyx--

170. Arctonyx collaris (_Hog-Badger_) 131
171. " taxoides (_Assam Badger_) 132

Genus Meles (Sub-genus Taxidia)--

172. Meles (Taxidia) leucurus (_Thibetan White-tailed Badger_) 133
173. " albogularis (_White-throated Thibetan Badger_) 134

Genus Mellivora--

174. Mellivora Indica (_Indian Ratel or Honey-Badger_) 134

Genus Gulo--The Glutton or Wolverene 136

Genus Helictis--

175. Helictis Nipalensis (_Nepal Wolverene_) 138
176. " moschata (_Chinese Wolverene_) 138

MUSTELIDAE--MARTENS AND WEASELS 139

Genus Martes--The Martens--

177. Martes flavigula (_White-cheeked Marten_) 141
178. " abietum (_Pine Marten_) 142
179. " toufoeus 143

Genus Mustela--The Weasels--

180. Mustela (Vison: _Gray_) sub-hemachalana (_Sub-Hemachal
Weasel_) 145
181. " (Gymnopus: _Gray_) kathiah (_Yellow-bellied
Weasel_) 145
182. " (Gymnopus: _Gray_) strigidorsa (_Striped Weasel_) 146
183. " erminea (_Ermine or Stoat_) 146
184. " (Vison: _Gray_) canigula (_Hoary Red-necked
Weasel_) 146
185. " Stoliczkana 147
186. " (Vison) Sibirica 147
187. " alpina (_Alpine Weasel_) 147
188. " Hodgsoni 147
189. " (Vison) Horsfieldi 148
190. " (Gymnopus) nudipes 148

Genus Putorius--The Pole-cat--

191. Putorius larvatus _vel_ Tibetanus (_Black-faced
Thibetan Pole-cat_) 149
192. " Davidianus 149
193. " astutus 150
194. " Moupinensis 150

LUTRIDAE--The Otters 150

Genus Lutra--

195. Lutra nair (_Common Indian Otter_) 153
196. " monticola _vel_ simung 155
197. " Ellioti 155
198. " aurobrunnea 155

Genus Aonyx--Clawless Otters--

199. Aonyx leptonyx (_Clawless Otter_) 156

AELUROIDEA 156

FELIDAE--The Cat Family

Genus Felis--

200. Felis leo (_Lion_) 159
201. " tigris (_Tiger_) 161

THE PARDS OR PANTHERS 175

202. Felis pardus (_Pard_) 179
203. " panthera (_Panther_) 183
204. " uncia (_Ounce or Snow Panther_) 184
205. " Diardii _vel_ macrocelis (_Clouded Panther_) 185
206. " viverrina (_Large Tiger-Cat_) 187
207. " marmorata (_Marbled Tiger-Cat_) 188
208. " Bengalensis (_Leopard-Cat_) 189
209. " Jerdoni (_Lesser Leopard-Cat_) 191
210. " aurata (_Bay Cat_) 191
211. " rubiginosa (_Rusty-spotted Cat_) 192
212. " torquata (_Spotted Wild-Cat_) 193
213. " manul (_Black-chested Wild-Cat_) 193
214. " scripta 194
215. " Shawiana (_Yarkand Spotted Wild-Cat_) 194
216. " chaus (_Common Jungle-Cat_) 195
217. " isabellina (_Thibetan Lynx_) 197
218. " caracal (_Red Lynx_) 198
219. " jubata (_Hunting Leopard_) 200

HYAENIDAE--THE HYAENAS 203

Genus Hyaena--

220. Hyaena striata (_Striped Hyaena_) 205

VIVERRIDAE--THE CIVET FAMILY 207

Genus Viverra--

221. Viverra zibetha (_Large Civet Cat_) 208
222. " civettina (_Malabar Civet-Cat_) 209
223. " megaspila 209
224. " Malaccensis (_Lesser Civet-Cat_) 211

Genus Prionodon--

225. Prionodon pardicolor (_Tiger Civet or Linsang_) 212
226. " maculosus (_Spotted Linsang_) 213
227. " gracilis (_Malayan Linsang_) 215

Genus Paradoxurus--The Musangs--

228. Paradoxurus musanga (_Common Musang_) 216
229. " (Paguma _of Gray_) Grayii (_Hill Musang_) 217
230. " bondar (_Terai Musang_) 218
231. " trivirgatus (_Three-striped Musang_) 218
232. " leucotis (_White-eared Musang_) 219
233. " zeylanicus (_Golden Musang_) 220
234. " (Paguma) laniger 220

Genus Arctictis--

235. Arctictis binturong (_Binturong_) 221

HERPESTIDAE--THE ICHNEUMON OR MUNGOOSE FAMILY 222

Genus Herpestes--

236. Herpestes pallidus _vel_ griseus (_Common Grey Mungoose_) 223
237. " Jerdoni _vel_ monticolus (_Long-tailed Mungoose_) 225
238. " Smithii (_Ruddy Mungoose_) 225
239. " auropunctatus (_Gold-speckled Mungoose_) 225
240. " fuscus (_Neilgherry Brown Mungoose_) 226
241. " (Onychogale _of Gray_) Maccarthiae 226
242. " ferrugineus 226
243. " vitticollis (_Stripe-necked Mungoose_) 227
244. Urva cancrivora (_Crab-eating Mungoose_) 227

CYNOIDEA 228

Genus Canis--The Dog--
245. Canis pallipes (_Indian Wolf_) 232
246. " laniger (Lupus chanco _of Gray_) (_Thibetan Wolf_) 235
247. " lupus (_European Wolf_) 237
248. " aureus (_Jackal_) 237

Genus Cuon--

249. Canis (Cuon) rutilans (_Indian Wild Dog_) 239

Genus Vulpes--

250. Vulpes Bengalensis (_Indian Fox_) 243
251. " leucopus (_Desert Fox_) 244
252. " ferrilatus (_Thibetan Grey Fox_) 245
253. " montanus (_Hill Fox_) 245
254. " pusillus (_Punjab Fox_) 245
255. " flavescens (_Persian Fox_) 246
256. " Griffithii (_Afghanistan Fox_) 246

MARINE CARNIVORA 246

ORDER CETACEA--THE WHALES 247

Denticete--The Toothed Whales 248

FAMILY DELPHINIDAE--THE DOLPHINS OR PORPOISES 250

Genus Platanista--The River Dolphins--

257. Platanista Gangetica (_Gangetic Porpoise_) 251

Genus Orcella--The Round-headed River Dolphins--

258. Orcella brevirostris (_Short-nosed Round-headed
River Dolphin_) 255
259. " fluminalis (_Fresh-water Round-headed Dolphin_) 255

Genus Delphinus--The Marine Dolphins--

260. Delphinus perniger (_Black Dolphin_) 258
261. " plumbeus (_Lead-coloured Dolphin_) 258
262. " gadamu 258
263. " lentiginosus (_Freckled Dolphin_) 259
264. " maculiventer (_Spot-bellied Dolphin_) 259
265. " fusiformis (_Spindle-shaped Dolphin_) 259
266. " pomeegra (_Black or Pomeegra Dolphin_) 260
267. " longirostris (_Long-snouted Dolphin_) 260
268. " velox 260

Genus Phocaena--The Porpoises 260

Genus Globicephalus--The Ca'ing or Pilot Whale--

269. Globicephalus Indicus (_Indian Ca'ing Whale_) 261

PHYSETERIDAE--THE CACHELOTS OR SPERM WHALES 261

Genus Euphysetes--

270. Physeter _or_ Euphysetes simus (_Snub-nosed Cachelot_) 261

MYSTICETE--WHALEBONE OR BALEEN WHALES 262

Genus Balaena--The Right Whales 262

Genus Balaenoptera--Finback Whales or Rorquals--

271. Balaenoptera Indica (_Indian Rorqual_) 264

SIRENIA--THE MANATEES 267

Genus Halicore--The Dugong--

272. Halicore dugong (_Dugong_) 268

ORDER RODENTIA--THE GNAWERS 269

SUB-ORDER SIMPLICIDENTATA--SIMPLE-TOOTHED RODENTS 272

SCIUROMORPHA 273

SCIURIDAE--THE SQUIRRELS 274

Genus Sciurus--

273. Sciurus Indicus (_Bombay Squirrel of Pennant_) 276
274. " maximus (_Central Indian Red Squirrel_) 277
275. " macrourus (_Long-tailed Forest Squirrel_) 278
276. " giganteus (_Black Hill Squirrel_) 279
277. " lokriah (_Orange-bellied Grey Squirrel_) 280
278. " lokroides (_Hoary-bellied Grey Squirrel_) 280
279. " pygerythrus 282
280. " caniceps (_Golden-backed Squirrel_) 282
281. " Phayrei (_Laterally-banded or Phayre's Squirrel_) 282
282. " Blanfordii (_Blanford's Squirrel_) 283
283. " atrodorsalis (_Black-backed Squirrel_) 284
284. " erythraeus (_Assam Red-bellied Squirrel_) 285
285. " Gordoni (_Gordon's Squirrel_) 285
286. " hippurus (_Chestnut-bellied Assam Squirrel_) 285
287. " Sladeni (_Sladen's Squirrel_) 286
288. " ferrugineus (_Rusty-coloured Squirrel_) 287
289. " palmarum (_Common Indian Ground Squirrel_) 287
290. " tristriatus (_Three-striped Ground-Squirrel_) 289
291. " Layardi (_Layard's Striped Ground-Squirrel_) 289
292. " sublineatus (_Dusky-striped Ground-Squirrel_) 290
293. " McClellandi (_McClelland's Ground-Squirrel_) 290
294. " Berdmorei (_Berdmore's Ground-Squirrel_) 291
295. " quinquestriatus (_Stripe-bellied Squirrel_) 291
296. " (Rhinosciurus) tupaoides (_Long-nosed Squirrel_) 292

Genus Pteromys--

297. Pteromys oral (_Brown Flying Squirrel_) 294
298. " cineraceus (_Ashy Flying Squirrel_) 296
299· " Yunnanensis (_Yunnan Flying Squirrel_) 296
300. " melanopterus (_Black-flanked Flying Squirrel_) 297
301. " alborufus (_Red and White Flying Squirrel_) 297
302. " magnificus (_Red-bellied Flying Squirrel_) 298
303. " albiventer (_White-bellied Flying Squirrel_) 299
304. " caniceps (_Grey-headed Flying Squirrel_) 299
305. " Pearsonii (_Hairy-footed Flying Squirrel_) 300
306. " fuscocapillus (_Small Travancore Flying
Squirrel_) 300
307. " fimbriatus (_Grey Flying Squirrel_) 301
308. " alboniger (_Black and White Flying Squirrel_) 301
309. " spadiceus (_Red Flying Squirrel_) 302

ARCTOMYDINAE--THE MARMOTS 302

Genus Arctomys--

310. Arctomys bobac (_Bobac, or Poland Marmot_) 303
311. " caudatus (_Red Marmot_) 304
312. " Hemachalanus (_Eastern Red Marmot_) 305
313. " aureus (_Golden Marmot_) 305
314. " dichrous 306
315. " robustus 306

MYOMORPHA--MOUSE-LIKE RODENTS 306

FAMILY MURIDAE 307

Genus Platacanthomys--

316. Platacanthomys lasiurus (_Long-tailed Spiny Mouse_) 308

SUB-FAMILY GERBILLINAE 309

Genus Gerbillus--

317. Gerbillus Indicus (_Indian Jerboa-Rat, or Kangaroo-Rat_) 309
318. " Hurrianae (_Desert Jerboa-Rat_) 311
319. " cryptorhinus (_Lobe-nosed Jerboa-Rat_) 312
320. " erythrurus (_Red-tailed Jerboa-Rat_) 313
321. " nanus (_Dwarf Jerboa-Rat_) 313

SUB-FAMILY PHLOEMYINAE 314

Genus Nesokia--

322. Nesokia Hardwickii (_Hardwick's Field-Rat_) 315
323. " Huttoni (_Hutton's Field-Rat_) 315
324. " Scullyi (_Scully's Field-Rat_) 315
325. " providens (_Southern India Field-Rat_) 316
326. " Blythiana (_Bengal Field-Rat_) 317
327. " Barclayiana (_Barclay's Field-Rat_) 318
328. Mus (Nesokia) Elliotanus (_Elliot's Field-Rat_) 318
329. " " giganteus (_Bandicoot_) 319

SUB-FAMILY CRICETINAE 320

Genus Cricetus--The Hamsters--

330. Cricetus phaeus (_Persian Hamster_) 321
331. " fulvus (_Sandy Hamster_) 321

SUB-FAMILY MURINAE 321

Genus Mus--

332. Mus rattus (_Black Rat_) 322
333. " decumanus (_Brown Rat_) 323
334. " Andamanensis (_Andaman Rat_) 325
335. " robustulus (_Burmese Common Rat_) 325
336. " Sladeni (_Sladen's Rat_) 326
337. " rubricosa (_Small Red Rat of the Kakhyen Hills_) 326
338. " Yunnanensis (_Common House Rat of Yunnan_) 327
339. " infralineatus (_Striped-bellied Rat_) 327
340. " brunneus (_Tree Rat_) 327
341. " rufescens (_Rufescent Tree Rat_) 328
342. " niveiventer (_White-bellied House Rat_) 329
343. " nitidus (_Shining Brown Rat_) 329
344. " caudatior (_Chestnut Rat_) 329
345. " concolor (_Common Thatch Rat of Pegu_) 330
346. " palmarum (_Nicobar Tree Rat_) 330
347. " Ceylonus 330
348. " plurimammis 331
349. " aequicaudalis 331
350. " oleraceus (_Long-tailed Tree Mouse_) 331
351. " Nilagiricus (_Neilgherry Tree Mouse_) 332
352. " badius (_Bay Tree Mouse_) 332
353. " gliroides (_Cherrapoonjee Tree Mouse_) 333
354. " Peguensis (_Pegu Tree Mouse_) 333
355. " urbanus (_Common Indian Mouse_) 333
356. " homourus 335
357. " Darjeelingensis 335
358. " Tytleri 335
359. " bactrianus 335
360. " crassipes (_Large-footed Mouse_) 337
361. " sublimis 337
362. " pachycercus 337
363. " erythronotus 337
364. " cervicolor (_Fawn-coloured Field Mouse_) 338
365. " terricolor (_Earth-coloured Field Mouse_) 338
366. " Peguensis (_Pegu Field Mouse_) 338
367. " nitidulus (_Shiny Little House Mouse of Pegu_) 338
368. " Beaveni (_Beaven's Mouse_) 339
369. " cunicularis (_Little Rabbit-Mouse_) 339
370. " erythrotis (_Cherrapunji Red-eared Mouse_) 339
371. " fulvidiventris 340
372. " Kakhyenensis (_Kakhyen Mouse_) 340
373. " viculorum (_Kakhyen House Mouse_) 340

Genus Leggada--

374. Leggada platythrix (_Brown Spiny Mouse_) 341
375. " spinulosa (_Dusky Spiny Mouse_) 342
376. " Jerdoni (_Himalayan Spiny Mouse_) 342
377. " lepida (_Small Spiny Mouse_) 342

Genus Golunda--

378. Golunda Ellioti (_Bush Rat or Coffee Rat_) 343
379. " meltada (_Soft-furred Bush Rat_) 344

Genus Hapalomys--

380. Hapalomys longicaudatus 345
381. Mus ouang-thomae (_Kiangsi Rat_) 346
382. " flavipectus (_Yellow-breasted Rat_) 346
383. " griseipectus (_Grey-breasted Rat_) 346
384. " Confucianus 347
385. " Chevrieri 347
386. " pygmaeus (_Pigmy Mouse_) 347

ARVICOLINAE 347

Genus Arvicola--

387. Arvicola Stoliczkanus (_Yarkand Vole_) 349
388. " Stracheyi (_Kumaon Vole_) 349
389. " Wynnei (_Murree Vole_) 350
390. " Roylei (_Cashmere Vole_) 350
391. " Blanfordi (_Gilgit Vole_) 350
392. " Blythii 351
393. " mandarinus (_Afghan Vole_) 351
394. " Sikimensis (_Sikim Vole_) 351
395. " melanogaster 352

FAMILY SPALACIDAE 352

Genus Rhizomys--The Bamboo-Rat--

396. Rhizomys badius (_Chestnut Bamboo-Rat_) 353
397. " erythrogenys (_Red-cheeked Bamboo-Rat_) 354
398. " pruinosus (_Hoary Bamboo-Rat_) 354
399. " minor (_Small Bamboo-Rat_) 354

FAMILY DIPODIDAE 355

Genus Dipus--The Jerboas--

400. Dipus lagopus (_Yarkand Jerboa_) 357

Genus Alactaga--

401. Alactaga Indica 358

HYSTRICOMORPHA--PORCUPINE-LIKE RODENTS 359

FAMILY HYSTRICIDAE--THE PORCUPINES 360

SUB-FAMILY HYSTRICINAE--THE TRUE PORCUPINES 360

Genus Atherura--The Long-tailed Porcupine--

402. Atherura fasciculata (_Brush-tailed Porcupine_) 361

Genus Hystrix--The Porcupine--

403. Hystrix leucura (_White-tailed Indian Porcupine_) 362
404. " Bengalensis (_Bengal Porcupine_) 365
405. " (Acanthion) longicauda (_Crestless Porcupine_) 366
406. " Yunnanensis 366

SUB-ORDER DUPLICIDENTATA--DOUBLE-TOOTHED RODENTS 367

FAMILY LEPORIDAE--THE HARES 368

Genus Lepus--

407. Lepus ruficaudatus (_Common Indian Red-tailed Hare_) 369
408. " nigricollis (_Black-naped Hare_) 369
409. " Peguensis (_Pegu Hare_) 370
410. " hypsibius (_Mountain Hare_) 370
411. " pallipes (_Pale-footed Hare_) 370
412. " Tibetanus (_Thibet Hare_) 371
413. " Yarkandensis (_Yarkand Hare_) 371
414. " Pamirensis (_Pamir Hare_) 372
415. " Stoliczkanus (_Stoliczka's Hare_) 372
416. " craspedotis (_Large-eared Hare_) 372
417. " hispidus (_Hispid Hare_) 373

FAMILY LAGOMYIDAE--THE PIKAS, OR MOUSE-HARES 373

Genus Lagomys--

418. Lagomys Roylei (_Royle's Pika_) 374
419. " Curzoniae (_Curzon's Pika_) 374
420. " Ladacensis (_Ladak Pika_) 374
421. " auritus (_Large-eared Pika_) 375
422. " macrotis 375
423. " griseus (_Grey Pika_) 375
424. " rufescens (_Red Pika_) 376

ORDER PROBOSCIDEA 377

Genus Elephas--The Elephant--

425. Elephas Indicus (_Indian or Asiatic Elephant_) 389

ORDER UNGULATA 397

SUB-ORDER PERISSODACTYLA 397

FAMILY EQUIDAE--THE HORSE 398

Genus Equus--

426. Equus onager (_Wild Ass of Kutch_) 399
427. " hemionus (_Kiang or Wild Ass of Thibet_) 401

FAMILY TAPIRIDAE--THE TAPIR 403

Genus Tapirus--

428. Tapirus Malayanus (_Malay Tapir_) 404

FAMILY RHINOCEROTIDAE 405

Genus Rhinoceros--

429. Rhinoceros Indicus 407
430. " Sondaicus (_Javan Rhinoceros_) 410

Genus Ceratorhinus--

431. Rhinoceros _vel_ Ceratorhinus (Crossi?) lasiotis
(_Ear-fringed Rhinoceros_) 411
432. Rhinoceros _vel_ Ceratorhinus Sumatrensis
(_Sumatran Rhinoceros_) 412

SUB-ORDER ARTIODACTYLA 413

FAMILY SUIDAE--THE HOGS 414

Genus Sus--

433. Sus scrofa (_European Wild Boar_) 415
434. " Indicus (_Indian Boar_) 416
435. " Andamanensis (_Andaman Island Pig_) 420
436. " Moupinensis 420

Genus Porcula--

437. Porcula Salvania (_Pigmy Hog of the Saul Forests_) 421

RUMINANTIA--THE RUMINANTS 422

FAMILY BOVIDAE--HOLLOW-HORNED RUMINANTS 424

SUB-FAMILY CAPRINAE--GOATS AND SHEEP 424

Genus Ovis--The Sheep--

438. Ovis Polii (_Marco Polo's Sheep_) 424
439. " Hodgsoni (_Argali or Ovis Ammon of Thibet_) 427
440. " Karelini (_Karelin's Wild Sheep_) 430
441. " Brookei (_Brooke's Wild Sheep_) 434
442. " Vignei (_Vigne's Wild Sheep_) 435
443. " cycloceros (_Punjab Wild Sheep_) 435
444. " Blanfordii (_Blanford's Wild Sheep_) 437
445. " nahura _vel_ burhel (_Blue Wild Sheep_) 438

Genus Capra--The Goats--

446. Capra megaceros (_Markhor_) 441
447. " Sibirica (_Himalayan Ibex_) 444
448. " aegagrus (_Wild Goat of Asia Minor_) 446

Sub-genus Hemitragus--

449. Capra _vel_ Hemitragus Jemlaicus (_Tahr_) 449
450. " " " hylocrius (_Neilgherry Wild
Goat, or Ibex of Madras Sportsmen_) 451

THE GOAT ANTELOPES, OR CAPRICORNS 454

Genus Nemorhoedus--

451. Nemorhoedus bubalina (_Serow, or Forest Goat_) 454
452. " rubida _vel_ Sumatrensis (_Arakanese
Capricorn_) 456
453. " Edwardsii (_Thibetan Capricorn_) 457
454. " goral (_Small Himalayan Capricorn_) 457

Genus Budorcas--

455. Budorcas taxicolor (_Takin_) 460

Genus Gazella--The Gazelles--

456. Gazella Bennetti (_Indian Gazelle_) 463
457. " fuscifrons (_Baluchistan Gazelle_) 465
458. " subgutterosa (_Persian Gazelle_) 466
459. " picticaudata (_Thibetan Gazelle_) 467

Genus Pantholops--

460. Pantholops Hodgsonii (_Chiru_) 469

Genus Antelope (restricted)--

461. Antelope bezoartica (_Indian Antelope_) 472

Genus Portax--The Nylgao--

462. Portax pictus _vel_ tragocamelus (_Nylgao or Blue Bull_) 476

Genus Tetraceros--

463. Tetraceros quadricornis (_Four-horned Antelope_) 479

BOVINAE--CATTLE 480

Genus Gavaeus--

464. Gavaeus gaurus (_Gaur, popularly called Bison_) 481
465. " frontalis (_Mithun or Gayal_) 486
466. " Sondaicus (_Burmese Wild Ox_) 488

Genus Poephagus--The Yak--

467. Poephagus grunniens (_Yak or Grunting Ox_) 489

Genus Bubalus--The Buffalos--

468. Bubalus arni (_Wild Buffalo_) 490

Genus Moschus--The Musk Deer--

469. Moschus moschiferus (_Musk Deer_) 494

CERVIDAE--THE DEER 495

Genus Cervulus--The Muntjacs or Rib-faced Deer--

470. Cervulus muntjac _vel_ aureus (_Muntjac or Rib-faced
Deer_) 500

Genus Rusa--The Rusine Deer--

471. Rusa Aristotelis (_Sambar_) 503

Genus Axis--

472. Axis maculatus (_Spotted Deer_) 506
473. " porcinus (_Hog Deer_) 508

Genus Rucervus--

474. Rucervus Duvaucelli (_Swamp-Deer_) 510
475. " _vel_ Panolia Eldii (_Brown Antlered or Eld's
Deer_) 511

Genus Cervus--

476. Cervus Cashmirianus (_Kashmir Stag_) 512
477. " affinis _vel_ Wallichii (_Sikhim Stag_) 514

TRAGULIDAE--THE CHEVROTIANS OR DEERLETS 515

Genus Tragulus--

478. Tragulus napu (_Javan Deerlet_) 516

Genus Meminna--

479. Meminna Indica (_Indian Mouse Deer_) 516

TRIBE TYLOPODA--THE CAMELS 518

ORDER EDENTATA 519

Genus Manis--

480. Manis pentadactyla _or_ brachyura (_Five-fingered or
Short-tailed Pangolin_) 520
481. " aurita (_Eared Pangolin_) 521
482. " Javanica (_Javan Ant-eater_) 522

APPENDIX A 523

APPENDIX B 525

APPENDIX C 526