Chapter I: Front Matter

THE NEW YORK TIMES

CURRENT HISTORY

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE

THE EUROPEAN WAR

VOLUME I.

From the Beginning to March, 1915 With Index

NEW YORK THE NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY 1915

Copyright 1914, 1915, By The New York Times Company

CONTENTS

NUMBER I.

WHAT MEN OF LETTERS SAY
Page

COMMON SENSE ABOUT THE WAR 11
_By George Bernard Shaw_

SHAW'S NONSENSE ABOUT BELGIUM 60
_By Arnold Bennett_

BENNETT STATES THE GERMAN CASE 63
_By George Bernard Shaw_

FLAWS IN SHAW'S LOGIC 65
_By Cunninghame Graham_

EDITORIAL COMMENT ON SHAW 66

SHAW EMPTY OF GOOD SENSE 68
_By Christabel Pankhurst_

COMMENT BY READING OF SHAW 73

OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT WILSON 76
_By George Bernard Shaw_

A GERMAN LETTER TO G. BERNARD SHAW 80
_By Herbert Eulenberg_

BRITISH AUTHORS DEFEND ENGLAND'S WAR 82
_With Facsimile Signatures_

THE FOURTH OF AUGUST--EUROPE AT WAR 87
_By H.G. Wells_

IF THE GERMANS RAID ENGLAND 89
_By H.G. Wells_

SIR OLIVER LODGE'S COMMENT 92

WHAT THE GERMAN CONSCRIPT THINKS 93
_By Arnold Bennett_

FELIX ADLER'S COMMENT 95

WHEN PEACE IS SERIOUSLY DESIRED 97
_By Arnold Bennett_

BARRIE AT BAY: WHICH WAS BROWN? 100
_An Interview on the War_

A CREDO FOR KEEPING FAITH 102
_By John Galsworthy_

HARD BLOWS, NOT HARD WORDS 103
_By Jerome K. Jerome_

"AS THEY TESTED OUR FATHERS" 106
_By Rudyard Kipling_

KIPLING AND "THE TRUCE OF THE BEAR" 107

ON THE IMPENDING CRISIS 107
_By Norman Angell_

WHY ENGLAND CAME TO BE IN IT 108
_By Gilbert K. Chesterton_

SOUTH AFRICA'S BOERS AND BRITONS 125
_By H. Rider Haggard_

CAPT. MARK HAGGARD'S DEATH IN BATTLE 128
_By H. Rider Haggard_

AN ANTI-CHRISTIAN WAR 129
_By Robert Bridges_

ENGLISH ARTISTS' PROTEST 130

TO ARMS! 132
_By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle_

CONAN DOYLE ON BRITISH MILITARISM 140

THE NEED OF BEING MERCILESS 144
_By Maurice Maeterlinck_

LETTERS TO DR. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER 146
_By Baron d'Estournelles de Constant_

THE VITAL ENERGIES OF FRANCE 153
_By Henri Bergson_

FRANCE THROUGH ENGLISH EYES 153
_With Rene Bazin's Appreciation_

THE SOLDIER OF 1914 156
_By Rene Doumic_

GERMANY'S CIVILIZED BARBARISM 160
_By Emile Boutroux_

THE GERMAN RELIGION OF DUTY 170
_By Gabriele Reuter_

A LETTER TO GERHART HAUPTMANN 174
_By Romain Rolland_

A REPLY TO ROLLAND 175
_By Gerhart Hauptmann_

ANOTHER REPLY TO ROLLAND 176
_By Karl Wolfskehl_

ARE WE BARBARIANS? 178
_By Gerhart Hauptmann_

TO AMERICANS FROM A GERMAN FRIEND 180
_By Ludwig Fulda_

APPEAL TO THE CIVILIZED WORLD 185
_By Professors of Germany_

APPEAL OF THE GERMAN UNIVERSITIES 187

REPLY TO THE GERMAN PROFESSORS 188
_By British Scholars_

CONCERNING THE GERMAN PROFESSORS 192
_By Frederic Harrison_

THE REPLY FROM FRANCE 194
_By M. Yves Guyot and Prof Bellet_

TO AMERICANS IN GERMANY 198
_By Prof. Adolf von Harnack_

A REPLY TO PROF. HARNACK 201
_By Some British Theologians_

PROF. HARNACK IN REBUTTAL 203

THE CAUSES OF THE WAR 206
_By Theodore Niemeyer_

COMMENT BY DR. MAX WALTER 208

NUMBER II.

WHO BEGAN THE WAR AND WHY?

SPEECHES BY KAISER WILHELM II. 210

THE MIGHTY FATE OF EUROPE 219
_As Interpreted by Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg,
German Imperial Chancellor._

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY'S VERSION OF THE WAR 226
_By Kaiser Frawz Josef and Count Berchtold_

A GERMAN REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE 228
_Certified by Dr. Bernhard Dernburg, German ex-Colonial
Secretary_

"TRUTH ABOUT GERMANY" 244
_Attested by Thirty-four German Dignitaries_

SPECULATIONS ABOUT PEACE, SEPTEMBER, 1914 273
_Report by James W. Gerard, American Ambassador at Berlin, to
President Wilson._

FIRST WARNINGS OF EUROPE'S PERIL 277
_Speeches by British Ministers_

GREAT BRITAIN'S MOBILIZATION 294
_Measures Taken Throughout the Empire Upon the Outbreak of War_

SUMMONS OF THE NATION TO ARMS 308
_British People Roused by Their Leaders_

TEACHINGS OF GEN. VON BERNHARDI 343
_By Viscount Bryce_

ENTRANCE OF FRANCE INTO THE WAR 350
_By President Poincare and Premier Viviani_

RUSSIA TO HER ENEMY 358

"THE FACTS ABOUT BELGIUM" 365
_Statement Issued by the Belgian Legation at Washington_

BELGO-BRITISH PLOT ALLEGED BY GERMANY 369
_Statement Issued by German Embassy at Washington, Oct. 13._

ATROCITIES OF THE WAR 374

BOMBARDMENT OF RHEIMS CATHEDRAL 392
_Protest Issued to Neutral Powers from French Foreign Office,
Bordeaux, Sept. 21._

THE SOCIALISTS' PART 397

NUMBER III.

WHAT AMERICANS SAY TO EUROPE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF CIVILIZATION 413
_Argued by James M. Beck_

CRITICS DISPUTE MR. BECK 431

DEFENSE OF THE DUAL ALLIANCE--REPLY 438
_By Dr. Edmund von Mach_

WHAT GLADSTONE SAID ABOUT BELGIUM 448
_By George Louis Beer_

FIGHT TO THE BITTER END 451
_An Interview with Andrew Carnegie_

WOMAN AND WAR--"Shot, Tell His Mother" (Poem) 458
_By W.E.P. French, Captain, U.S. Army_

THE WAY TO PEACE 459
_An Interview with Jacob H. Schiff_

PROF. MATHER ON MR. SCHIFF 464

THE ELIOT-SCHIFF LETTERS 465
_By Jacob H. Schiff and Charles W. Eliot_

LA CATHEDRALE (Poem Translated by Frances C. Fay) 472
_By Edmond Rostand_

PROBABLE CAUSES AND OUTCOME OF THE WAR 473
_Series of Five Letters by Charles W. Eliot,
with Related Correspondence_

THE LORD OF HOSTS (Poem) 501
_By Joseph B. Gilder_

A WAR OF DISHONOR 502
_By David Starr Jordan_

MIGHT OR RIGHT 503
_By John Grier Hibben_

JEANNE D'ARC--1914 (Poem) 506
_By Alma Durant Nicholson_

THE KAISER AND BELGIUM (With controversial letters) 507
_By John W. Burgess_

AMERICA'S PERIL IN JUDGING GERMANY 515
_By William M. Sloane_

POSSIBLE PROFITS FROM WAR 526
_Interview with Franklin H. Giddings_

"TO AMERICANS LEAVING GERMANY" 533
_A German Circular_

GERMAN DECLARATIONS 534
_By Rudolf Eucken and Ernst Haeckel_

THE EUCKEN AND HAECKEL CHARGES 537
_By John Warbeke_

CONCERNING GERMAN CULTURE 541
_By Brander Matthews_

CULTURE VS. KULTUR 543
_By Frank Jewett Mather, Jr._

THE TRESPASS IN BELGIUM 545
_By John Grier Hibben_

APPORTIONING THE BLAME 548
_By Arthur v. Briesen_

PARTING (Poem) 553
_By Louise von Wetter_

FRENCH HATE AND ENGLISH JEALOUSY 554
_By Kuno Francke_

IN DEFENSE OF AUSTRIA 559
_By Baron L. Hengelmuller_

RUSSIAN ATROCITIES 563
_By George Haven Putnam_

"THE UNITED STATES OF EUROPE" 565
_Interview with Nicholas Murray Butler_

A NEW WORLD MAP 571
_By Wilhelm Ostwald_

THE VERDICT OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE 573
_By Newell Dwight Hillis_

TIPPERARY (Poem) 581
_By John B. Kennedy_

AS AMERICA SEES THE WAR 582
_By Harold Begbie_

TO MELOS, POMEGRANATE ISLE (Poem) 587
_By Grace Harriet Macurdy_

WHAT AMERICA CAN DO 588
_By Lord Channing of Wellingborough_

TO A COUSIN GERMAN (Poem) 593
_By Adeline Adams_

WHAT THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS MAY BE 594
_By Irving Fisher_

EFFECTS OF WAR ON AMERICA 600
_By Roland G. Usher_

GERMANY OF THE FUTURE 605
_Interview with M. de Lapredelle_

GERMANY THE AGGRESSOR 609
_By Albert Sauveur_

MILITARISM AND CHRISTIANITY 610
_By Lyman Abbott_

VIGIL (Poem) 612
_By Hortense Flexner_

NIETZSCHE AND GERMAN CULTURE 613
_By Abraham Solomon_

BELGIUM'S BITTER NEED 614
_By Sir Gilbert Parker_

NUMBER IV.

THE WAR AT CLOSE QUARTERS

SIR JOHN FRENCH'S OWN STORY 619
_Famous Dispatches of the
British Commander in Chief to Lord Kitchener_

STORY OF THE "EYE WITNESS" 650
_By Col. E.D. Swinton of the Intelligence
Department of the British General Staff_

THE DAWN OF A NEW DAY (Poem) 678
_By Edward Neville Vose_

THE GERMAN ENTRY INTO BRUSSELS (With Map) 679
_By John Boon_

THE FALL OF ANTWERP 682
_By a Correspondent of The London
Daily Chronicle_

AS THE FRENCH FELL BACK ON PARIS 689
_By G.H. Perris_

THE RETREAT TO PARIS 691
_By Philip Gibbs_

A ZOUAVE'S STORY 704
_By Philip Gibbs_

WHEN WAR BURST ON ARRAS 707
_By a Special Correspondent_

THE BATTLES IN BELGIUM (With Map) 711
_By The Associated Press_

SEEKING WOUNDED ON BATTLE FRONT 714
_By Philip Gibbs_

AT THE KAISER'S HEADQUARTERS 718
_By Cyril Brown of The New York Times_

HOW THE BELGIANS FIGHT 725
_By a Correspondent of The London Daily News_

A VISIT TO THE FIRING LINE IN FRANCE 727
_By a Correspondent of The New York Times_

UNBURIED DEAD STREW LORRAINE (With Map) 729
_By Philip Gibbs_

ALONG THE GERMAN LINES NEAR METZ 731
_By The Associated Press_

THE SLAUGHTER IN ALSACE 736
_By John H. Cox_

RENNENKAMPF ON THE RUSSIAN BORDER 738
_By a Correspondent of The London
Daily Chronicle_

THE FIRST FIGHT AT LODZ (With Map) 740
_By Perceval Gibbon_

THE FIRST INVASION OF SERBIA (With Map) 742
_By a Correspondent of The London Standard_

THE ATTACK ON TSING-TAU 745
_By Jefferson Jones_

THE GERMAN ATTACK ON TAHITI 748
_As Told by Miss Geni La France, an Eyewitness_

THE BLOODLESS CAPTURE OF GERMAN SAMOA 749
_By Malcolm Ross, F.R.G.S._

HOW THE CRESSY SANK 752
_By Edgar Rowan_

GERMAN STORY OF THE HELIGOLAND FIGHT 754
_By a Special Correspondent of The New York Times_

THE SINKING OF THE CRESSY AND THE HOGUE 755
_By the Senior Surviving Officers,
Commander Bertram W.L. Nicholson and
Commander Reginald A. Norton_

THE SINKING OF THE HAWKE 757
_By a Correspondent of The London
Daily Chronicle_

THE EMDEN'S LAST FIGHT 758
_By the Cable Operator at Cocos Islands_

CROWDS SEE THE NIGER SINK 760
_By a Correspondent of The London
Daily Chronicle_

LIEUTENANT WEDDIGEN'S OWN STORY 762
_By Herbert B. Swope and Capt. Lieut. Otto
Weddigen_

THE SOLILOQUY OF AN OLD SOLDIER (Poem) 764
_By O.C.A. Child_

THE EFFECTS OF WAR IN FOUR COUNTRIES 765
_By Irvin S. Cobb_

HOW PARIS DROPPED GAYETY 767
_By Anne Rittenhouse_

PARIS IN OCTOBER 770
_From The London Times_

FRANCE AND ENGLAND AS SEEN IN WAR TIME 772
_Interview with F. Hopkinson Smith_

THE HELPLESS VICTIMS 776
_By Mrs. Nina Larrey Duryee_

A NEW RUSSIA MEETS GERMANY 777
_By Perceval Gibbon_

BELGIAN CITIES GERMANIZED 780
_By Cyril Brown of The New York Times_

THE BELGIAN RUIN 786
_By J.H. Whitehouse, M.P._

THE WOUNDED SERB 788
_From The London Times_

SPY ORGANIZATION IN ENGLAND 790
_British Home Office Communication_

CHRONOLOGY OF THE WAR 793

THE MEN OF THE EMDEN (Poem) 816
_By Thomas R. Ybarra_

NUMBER V.

THE NEW RUSSIA SPEAKS

AN APPEAL BY RUSSIAN AUTHORS, ARTISTS AND ACTORS 817
_With Their Signatures_

RUSSIA IN LITERATURE 819
_By British Men of Letters_

RUSSIA AND EUROPE'S WAR 821
_By Paul Vinogradoff_

RUSSIAN APPEAL FOR THE POLES 825
_By A. Konovalov of the Russian Duma_