Chapter II: Part 2

_Passaic Valley Trunk Sewer_: Passaic River became so polluted by the sewage of Newark and other cities lying along its course from Paterson south, that in 1896 a movement was started by Paterson and Newark Boards of Trade, for the purification of the river. After 16 years of litigation, 15 municipalities joined in building a great trunk sewer to collect the sewage of towns in Passaic Valley District, carry it across Newark Bay and discharge it into upper New York Bay. Work began July, 1912, under direction of the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission, authorized by act of N. J. Legislature, 1907. The cost, estimated at $12,000,000, will be met by assessments on the municipalities joined in the project. In 1919, 90% complete.

_Paving_: See Street Paving

_Physical Training_: Made an essential part of elementary school curriculum, Sept., 1904.

_Playgrounds_: Until July, 1919, there were 3 systems of playgrounds in Newark: 1. Under Control of Bd. of Education, conducted on school grounds; 2. Under control of Essex Co. Park Commission on playfields in all county parks; 3. Under control of Dept. of Playgrounds, under the Bd. of Recreation Commissioners. The last are generally called "City Playgrounds".

In July, 1919, control of the city playgrounds passed to the Bd. of Education, a transfer under active consideration for a number of months.

_Playgrounds, City_: The Bd. of Playground Commissioners was established by act of N. J. Legislature, 1907, to provide playgrounds and recreation places. It was composed of 5 members appointed for 5 years. In 1915 the name was changed to Bd. of Recreation Commissioners, in charge of playgrounds and public baths. Under commission government this board was responsible to the Dept. of Public Affairs, but in 1919, as has been stated, control and ownership of the city playgrounds passed to the Bd. of Education in line with the carrying out of a comprehensive recreation program.

1. Canal St., Canal & Commerce Sts.
113' × 112'. Owned. Opened Oct. 1, 1907.

2. Prince St., Prince St. & Waverly Ave.
100' × 103'. Owned (partly). Opened May 1, 1908.

3. Newton St., Nos. 68-70 Newton St.
100' × 100'. Owned. Opened Dec. 10, 1908.

4. Lafayette St., Lafayette St. & N. J. R. R. Ave.
210' × 90'. Leased. Opened Sept. 6, 1911 (closed).

5. Oliver St., Oliver & Chestnut Sts.
156' × 241'. Leased. Opened Sept. 6, 1912.

6. Belleville Ave., Belleville & Arlington Aves.
149' × 359'. Leased. Opened Aug. 15, 1913 (closed).

7. Summer Ave., Summer Ave. & D'Auria St.
50' × 99'. Lent. Opened Sept. 17, 1913.

8. Vailsburg. So. Orange Ave. & Boylan St.
518' × 235'. Owned. Opened July 24, 1915.

9. Avon Ave., Avon Ave. & So. 10th St.
246' × 175'. Lent. Opened 1915 (closed).

10. Broad St., Bet. Emmet & Wright Sts.
118' × 89'. Leased. Opened Sept. 1, 1915.

11. Morton St., Morton St. & College Pl. & Howard St.
87' × 121'. Lent. Opened Dec. 1, 1914.

12. West End, So. Orange Ave. & 12th St.
550' × 530'. Lent. Opened Sept., 1916 (closed).

13. East Side, Wilson Ave.
Owned. Opened July 1, 1918.

_Police Department_:

_1904_ _1919_
444 members of force. 842 members of force.
4 precincts. 8 precincts.
6 bicycle officers. 29 motorcycle officers.
8 mounted officers. 29 mounted officers.

1910. Oct. 1, Autos replaced horse-drawn vehicles.

1916. Replacement completed.

1919. 17 autos.

1904. Cost of administration, $ 509,644.

1918. " " " $1,414,098.

First policewoman appointed Aug. 1, 1918. 3 on force Aug., 1919. Called in cases involving the handling of girls or women.

_Poor and Alms Department and Almshouse Survey_: Made by Dept. of Surveys and Exhibits--Russell Sage Foundation under direction of Francis H. McLean, 1918-1919. Considers whole family welfare problem of the city,--poverty, relief and social agencies. $1,400 appropriated by Bd. of Commissioners for Work.

_Population_:

1904. 272,000, Bd. of Health estimate.
1905. 283,000, State Census.
1910. 347,469, Federal "
1915. 366,729, State "
1918. 430,000, Bd. of Health estimate.

_Port Newark_: Development involved: (1) Reclamation of 4,000 acres of tide marshland on Newark Bay. (2) Construction of ship channel 7,000 ft. long, 400 ft. wide at bottom, and 20 ft. deep at mean low water, the channel to extend into marshland for a distance of ½ to 1 mile. (3) Building of dock frontage of 4,500 ft. with derricks, tracks, and other equipment for handling freight. (4) Building of pier 1,200 ft. long and 150 ft. wide, extending into bay from end of dock, equipped with tracks, etc., to accommodate ocean vessels. (5) Railway distributing and transfer system covering the reclaimed area and connecting with at least 3 trunk lines. Central Railroad of N. J., Pennsylvania and Lehigh Valley already cross this area. (6) At least 1 wide paved avenue of approach from center of city.

Actual work begun March, 1914. Under City Dept. of Docks and Meadows, with Morris R. Sherrerd, Chief Engineer, and James C. Hallock, engineer in charge. Funds provided by $2,000,000 bond issue authorized by N. J. Legislature.

Oct. 20, 1915, named Port Newark Terminal Day and declared a public holiday by the Mayor. Marked by first public inspection of the work.

U. S. government in 1917 leased land in this area for Submarine Boat Corporation and also 133 acres for the Quartermaster's Supply Depot.

Course of development changed by war, and future plans now uncertain.

See also Shipbuilding.

_Postal Service_:

_1904_ _1918_
Sub-stations 26 68
Carriers 170 328
Pieces of mail handled 85,978,300 181,584,236
Total receipts $634,197 $2,115,549.87

Opening of aerial mail station at Heller Field in Forest Hill Section, originally set for July 1, 1919, has been postponed.

_Prices, Food_:

_1904_ _1914_ _1918_
Rib Roast (per lb.) (Not available for Newark) $.22 $.39
Flour, wheat (per lb.) .03 .07
Eggs (per doz.) .35 .52
Butter (per lb.) .33 .55
Sugar (per lb.) .05 .09
Milk (per qt.) .09 .14

_Prison Reform_: (Here are recorded a few facts about N. J. procedure, selected because of their connection with the administration of law for Newark. Complete review of state conditions and progress will be found in the Report of the Prison Inquiry Commission, published 1917.)

Indeterminate Sentence: Or sentence to imprisonment without a fixed time for its termination. Adopted by act of N. J. Legislature April 21, 1911. Is in accordance with the principle that imprisonment is primarily for reformation and that offenders should be released as soon as they have shown themselves again ready to be fit members of society. Provides for a maximum and minimum term, the maximum varying with nature of offense and the minimum not less than a year and not more than two-thirds of the maximum.

Prior to 1911 this practice had applied only to the State Reformatory.

Prison Labor: Law abolishing private contract system of labor directing that work of convicts should be employed in manufacture of goods for state-use was passed by N. J. Legislature, June 7, 1911. Prison Labor Commission created March 28, 1912, to direct development of "state-use" system and control its operation, but without sufficient authority to assure its success. Act passed, April 4, 1913, provided that unfilled contracts might be continued until state-use industries had been established. In view of the practical failure to introduce "state-use" system within the prisons, outside employment of prisoners was authorized by act of April 11, 1910, and subsequent amendments. Since 1913, 4 road camps have been opened for employment of convicts on state roads and have proved a relative success. Farming has also proved profitable. This system not only aims to prevent waste of state resources but to provide industrial training for inmates of correctional institutions of the state.

Employment of county prisoners and payment of earnings to their families was provided for by N. J. law passed 1915. Wardens of jails are instructed to give preference to men serving terms for nonsupport. At Essex Co. jail in Newark, $3,000 or $4,000 have thus been contributed to prisoners' families otherwise left destitute. Benefits will increase as practice is further systematized.

Probation System: Probation and suspended sentence first introduced by act of Legislature, April 2, 1906. Authorizes courts and magistrates to suspend sentence of persons convicted of criminal offenses, to release them on probation and for such time and under such conditions as the court determines instead of imposing penalty provided by the law. Reformatory for Women, N. J. State: At Clinton Farms, Hunterdon Co. Provided for by act of N. J. Legislature, 1910. Opened Jan., 1913. To which the criminal court judges may, at their discretion, send females about the age of 17, who have committed a State Prison offense. Aims to return women to a self-respecting, self-supporting life. All commitments are for an indefinite term limited only by the maximum period of imprisonment fixed by law.

Social Investigation: Investigation of social facts regarding prisoners to be sentenced and circumstances attending Crime was begun in 1908. Made part of probation office work. No sentence is now passed by Essex Co. Court judge until a written statement of all such facts has been presented. Judge no longer tries to make the punishment fit the crime but to make the punishment fit the prisoner and restore him to his normal place in society.

_Probation System_: See Delinquent Children: Prison Reform

_Public Baths_: See Baths, Public

_Public Comfort Station_: See Comfort Station, Public

_Public Lectures_: See Lectures, Public

_Public Schools_: See Schools, Public

_Public Service Corporation of N. J._: Maintains gas, electric and railway departments. Through its subsidiary companies it furnishes gas, electric light and power, and street railway facilities to most of the people of the state.

See also Public Service Terminal; Trolleys.

_Public Service Terminal_: Work on new Public Service Terminal, Park Pl., begun June 24, 1914. Opened for street railway operation, April 30, 1916. Cost, $5,000,000. Terminal arrangements and tunnel system are President Thomas N. McCarter's solution of Newark's traffic problem, especially at the "Four Corners". It is estimated that 400 cars, carrying in both directions 50,000 people, may pass in and out of the Terminal during one hour.

See also Trolleys.

_Reformatory for Women, N. J. State_: See Prison Reform

_"Safety First" and the Schools_: American Safety League gave talks in all public schools, Feb., 1912, distributing blue and white buttons to pupils as reminders of the organization in which they are enrolled.

N. J. Legislature passed a law that school children be instructed in self protection and accident prevention, April 7, 1913.

Complying with this law, N. J. Dept. of Public Instruction issued a monograph for use in schools on "Dangers and Safeguards," Feb., 1915. Prepared in collaboration with Newark Bur. of Combustibles and Fire Risks, Public Service Corporation, Employers' Liability Commission and State Bd. of Health, teaches how fires may be prevented, many street and railway accidents avoided, industrial workers safeguarded, diseases combated and first aid administered.

Law providing that no vehicle should travel at a greater speed than six miles an hour when approaching a schoolhouse, provided signs easily visible were placed on the highway, indicating school locations, passed by N. J. Legislature, April 6, 1915.

Public Service Corporation furthered "Safely First" campaign by talks in public and parochial schools, May, 1915.

Public School Safety Patrol established April, 1917. A member of the city police force has charge of this work under attendance department of Bd. of Education. Members are appointed each term from students of upper grades in schools. A chief is chosen in each school. The chief and other members take a pledge and each is furnished with an arm band as emblem of authority. There are 50 girls and 600 boys in the force. Duties: To prevent taking of unnecessary risks by pupils in going to and returning from school; To guard younger children against traffic accidents and to prevent disorderly conduct among school children on the street; To aid in keeping streets and sidewalks clean.

48% decrease from previous year in number of accidents by cars to children going to and from school in Newark, Feb.-Sept., 1918, credited to instruction by Safety League.

_School Houses as Social Centers_: Authorized by rules adopted by Bd. of Education, Aug. 31, 1915, under act of N. J. Legislature, passed, 1913. First used as polling places in 1917 primaries.

_School Names Changed_:

Alyea St. to Binet No. 3.
Ann St. " John Catlin.
Coes Pl. " Binet No. 2.
Park Ave. " Dayton.
18th Ave. " Milford.
Elliot St. " Elliot.
15th Ave. " Moses Bigelow.
Hamburg Pl. (Wilson Ave.) " Monteith.
Hawthorne Ave. " Hawthorne.
Lafayette St. " Lafayette.
Madison St. " Madison.
Miller St. " Hamilton.
Montgomery St. " Montgomery.
Morton St. " Joseph E. Haynes.
Newton St. " Newton.
No. 7th St. " Garfield.
Oliver St. " Carteret.
Peshine Ave. " Berkeley.
Ridge St. " Ridge.
7th Ave. " McKinley.
State St. " Binet No. 1.
13th Ave. " Robert Treat.
Webster St. " Webster.

_School Savings Banks_: Purpose: To inculcate and encourage thrift.

Essential features of plan: To have pupils themselves manage banks' work as far as possible.

To organize a board of savings bank directors, appointed for each school by its principal.

To place school accounts, over $1.00, with such Newark banks as have endorsed the school bank plan.

To open individual accounts with the same banks for those pupils who have deposited a sum that shall be thought sufficient and to require that no sum be withdrawn without the parent's written consent.

1st bank established in East Side High School, March, 1915.

Randall Law, authorizing school savings banks, passed by N. J. Legislature, Feb., 1916.

9 schools, now operating school banks: East Side High, Central High, Abington Ave., Cleveland, Lafayette, Monteith, Newton St., Warren St., Washington St.

_Total to_
_1917-18_ _July, 1918_
Deposits made $14,082.83 $29,855.57
Interest credited 78.66 188.43
Transferred to local banks 9,492.20 16,305.70
Withdrawn by pupils 4,777.99 9,207.97
Balance in banks 4,528.33
No. of depositors 2,461 7,312
Depositors closing accts. 1,847 2,529
Remaining depositors 4,783

* * * * *

Idea originated in Belgium. Introduced in U. S. in Beloit, Wis., 1876. Permanently established in U. S. by John Henry Thiry, a Belgian, 1885. Amount of school deposits in U. S., $5,000,000, 1915.

_School Survey_: Made by Bur. of Municipal Research under direction of Essex Co. Public Welfare Committee and with approval of Bd. of Education, 1914.

_Schools, Parochial_:

_1904_ _1919_
Total number of pupils enrolled 7,202 14,741
Teaching force:
Sisters 114 229
Brothers 8 9
Lay Teachers 14 31
Number of schools 21 26

Rev. John A. Dillon was appointed superintendent of schools for the Diocese of Newark, January 2nd, 1910.

_Schools, Public_:

_1903-04_ _1918-19_
Total number of pupils enrolled 43,742 75,461
High school enrollment 1,264 5,398
Evening school enrollment 7,377 12,100
Summer school enrollment (1904) 8,546 19,199 (1919)
Teaching force (day schools) 967 2,071
Number of schools 56 69
Number of high schools 1 4-Senior
3-Junior
Number of evening schools 15 23
Number of summer schools (1904) 15 34 (1919)

Dr. David B. Corson was elected superintendent July 1, 1918, to succeed Dr. Addison B. Poland, city superintendent from 1901 until his death, Sept. 15, 1917.

See also under name of subject, All-Year School, etc.

_Shade Tree Commission_: Organized, 1904. Composed of three members, residents, appointed by mayor to serve without compensation. Charged (1) with planting, care, protection and maintenance of street trees. (2) with care, maintenance and improvement of the parks. Under commission government, known as Shade Tree Div. of Dept. of Parks and Public Property.

_1904_ _1918_
Shade trees on highways 36,800 66,000
Shade trees set out 750 30,580

Trees sprayed against insect enemies by Shade Tree Commission as part of its routine work at request of property owners, without charge. Cost of spraying, about 15 cents a tree.

Trees are planted along streets where more shade seems to the Commission desirable. Property owner in front of whose property tree is placed assessed for the cost of the tree and planting, recently averaging about $5 a tree. Called "assessment planting". Assessment collected as are other taxes. When owners ask to have trees planted on their property, expense is met by bill rendered to owner. Price varies with size of tree, but averages $5. Called "request planting".

See also Parks, City; Parkways.

_Shipbuilding_: Since Sept., 1917, the Submarine Boat Corporation at Port Newark has equipped, set in motion and run at high speed a plant covering 113 acres and requiring the services of 15,000 workers.

By July 31, 1919, 63 boats had been launched.

"Agawam", the first modern steamship built by the company, was launched at Port Newark, May 30, 1918.

See also Port Newark Terminal.

_Ship Yard Workers, Evening Classes for_: Established by Bd. of Education, Jan. 2, 1919, at Robert Treat, Central, East Side and Bergen St. High Schools, Boys' Vocational School and Fawcett School of Industrial Arts.

_Smoke Abatement Department_: Established, 1907, to prevent unhealthful and unsightly clouds of dense smoke and soot. Under commission government, a division of the Dept. of Parks and Public Property.

_Social Service Survey_: Searching investigation of population, municipal administration, social influences, industrial conditions, community problems--saloons, dance halls, crime, housing, health, political life,--and public and private charities. Made by John P. Fox for Men and Religion Forward Movement. Oct. 21-Dec. 7, 1911. Limited edition of typed copies.

_Statues and Monuments_: (For list complete to 1914, see Bd. of Education Leaflet No. 31, Sculpture and Stone Carving in Newark.)

Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. Bronze bust erected in Branch Brook Park on promenade in front of Barringer High School. By J. M. Didusch. First prize awarded to United Singers of Newark at twentieth National Saengerfest, Baltimore, Md., 1903, and presented by them to the city. Erected, May 22, 1904.

Robert F. Ballantine. Bronze bas-relief. In Eye and Ear Infirmary, Central Ave. By Jonathan Scott Harley. Unveiled June, 1906.

Liberty Pole erected in 1793 in Military Park, replaced by present iron mast, 112 feet high; dedicated Thanksgiving Day, 1906.

Court House Statues. 8 marble figures symbolizing aspects of Law on front of building and 2 heroic bronze figures representing Power and Truth beside the steps. By Andrew O'Connor, Jr. Court house erected in 1907.

Mgr. George Hobart Doane, for fifty years rector of St. Patrick's Cathedral. Bronze statue in Rector Park, opposite Trinity Church. By William C. Noble. Erected by popular subscription. Unveiled, Jan. 9, 1908.

Wisdom instructing the Children of Men. High relief in bronze over entrance of Free Public Library. By John Flanagan. Subscriptions raised by Mgr. Doane. Placed, May, 1909.

Abraham Lincoln. Bronze statue. By Gutzon Borglum. On Court House plaza, where Newark citizens of 1861 met and pledged themselves to help preserve the Union. Bequest of Amos H. Van Horn, citizen of Newark, soldier in the Union army, and member of the Lincoln Post, G. A. R. Dedicated by surviving members of the Post. Tendered to the city by Ex-President Theodore Roosevelt and unveiled Memorial Day, 1911.

George Washington. Bronze equestrian statue in Washington Park. By J. Massey Rhind. Bequest of Amos H. Van Horn. Unveiled, Nov. 2, 1912.

John F. Dryden, founder of the Prudential Insurance Co. and pioneer of industrial insurance in America. Bronze statue, a third more than life size, called heroic, in rotunda of main Prudential building. By Karl Bitter. Given by field and home office force. Unveiled, Sept. 24, 1913.

Normal School, Grotesques. Eight decorative figures representing Mathematics, Study, Botany, Thought, Chemistry, Writing, Music, History. By G. Grandelis. Placed around cornice. Aug., 1912.

"The Hiker". Bronze statue in memory of Spanish-American War soldiers, at Clinton and Belmont Aves. By Allen G. Newman. Given by United Spanish War Veterans. Unveiled, Memorial Day, 1914.

"Our Lady of Loretto", limestone statue, on 3rd story front of Loretto Hall, hotel for working girls, on Belleville Ave., near 4th Ave. By Alfred Kenney. Given by Rev. F. M. O'Neil, of St. Michael's Church. Placed, Aug. 31, 1915.

Branford Place Shaft. To mark center of first settlement near first church, college and court house. Shaft for street illumination, with bronze tablets on isle of safety, Branford Place. By Gutzon Borglum. Erected by 250th Anniversary Committee of One Hundred. Unveiled, May 10, 1916.

Colleoni. Full-sized reproduction in bronze and marble of the world's most famous equestrian statue and pedestal of Bartolomeo Colleoni, by Verrocchio, the original of which stands in Venice. Erected in Clinton Park, opposite Lincoln Park. Given by Christian W. Feigenspan. Made under direction of J. Massey Rhind. Unveiling, July 26, 1916, a feature of the 250th Anniversary celebration.

Puritans' Landing Place. Drinking fountain at foot of Saybrook Place. Designed by Gutzon Borglum. Erected by 250th Anniversary Committee of One Hundred. Unveiled, May 10, 1916.

Puritan and Indian. Bronze shaft for street illumination, with stone figures of Indian and Puritan at base, site of old Market Place, Broad St. at Bridge. By Gutzon Borglum. Erected by 250th Anniversary Committee of One Hundred. Unveiled, May 10, 1916.

Stone seat in Military Park to mark Training Place site, set aside in 1669. Military Park was used for training soldiers in colonial days. Given by N. J. Daughters of the Revolution. Unveiled, May 13, 1916.

_Street Names Changed_: During war period, 1917-18.

Hamburg Pl. to Wilson Ave.
Bismarck Ave. to Pershing Ave.
Dresden St. to London St.
Bremen St. to Marne St.
Berlin St. to Rome St.
Frankfort St. to Paris St.

_Street Paving_: Market St. repaved with bitulithic pavement from Court House to Pennsylvania Railroad Station. Paved from Railroad Pl. to Broad St., in 1911. Paved from Broad St. west to Pierson's Alley and work completed, June 29, 1912.

Broad St. repaved with wood block from Belleville Ave. to South St. Work begun June, 1914. Completed, Oct. 5, 1914.

Total mileage of paved streets, Jan. 1, 1904, 151.17 miles.
" " " " " Jan. 1, 1919, 269.22 miles.

Activities, Repair Dept., 1904

Repairs to bridges $ 1,106.54
Supervision of sidewalks 846.00
Repairs to crosswalks 2,910.98
Repairs to pavements other than asphalt 9,179.06
Asphalt pavement repairs 5,915.64
-----------
$ 19,958.22

Activities, Repair Dept., 1918

Granite pavements repaired, 21,908 sq. yds. $ 18,314.57
Brick pavement repaired, 5,755 sq. yds. 8,283.08
Telford pavement repaired, 21,897 sq. yds. 7,517.57
Wood block pavement repaired, 529 sq. yds. 1,054.54
Asphalt pavement repaired, 37,970 sq. yds. 80,199.69
Building safety isles 1,228.79
Stone crusher, producing 1,225 cu. yds. broken stone 1,826.62
Cross walks laid and relaid 1,537.62
Streets graded by hand 1,252.39
Repairing roads with broken stone 9,247.23
Miscellaneous repairs 20,864.06
-----------
$151,326.16

Sidewalks, 1918

Cost of supervision $ 2,612.00
Cost of work done under city contract 334.77
----------
$ 2,946.77

On account of war conditions little work was ordered by city. Property owners under city supervision laid walks costing about $15,000.

_Summer High Schools_: Opened at Barringer High School, 1914, with 947 students. 1st and 2nd year classes only. 1915, full 4 year course introduced. 1919 enrollment, 1,520 students, with 800 at Central High School and 720 at Barringer.

_Surveys_: See Boys' Vocational School; Poor and Alms Department and Almshouse Survey; Public School Survey; Social Service Survey.

_Tablets, Memorial_: (The tablets noted as given by Schoolmen's Club were after first year purchased from a penny fund collected from school children, but were erected under direction of the Club.)

Gen. Philip Kearny, for service rendered Italian nation, 1859, when he fought with forces that drove Austria from the peninsula. Placed on Kearny statue in Military Park. Given by Italians in Newark, Memorial Day, 1911.

John Catlin, Newark's first schoolmaster. Placed at Broad and Commerce Sts., where he opened his first school in 1876. Given by Schoolmen's Club. Unveiled, Newark Day, Nov. 6, 1911.

Gen. Philip Kearny, New Jersey leader in the Civil War. Placed on Normal School (built on site of Kearny homestead), Belleville and 4th Aves., 1912. Given by Bd. of Education.

Robert Treat, founder of Newark. Placed on Kinney building, on site of Robert Treat's home lot, at Broad and Market Sts., by Schoolmen's Club. Unveiled, Newark Day, Nov. 4, 1912.

John G. Shea, Catholic historian. Placed on St. Patrick's' Cathedral by Knights of Columbus, Columbus Day, 1912.

Camp Frelinghuysen, used by the Union volunteers in 1861. Set in boulder in Branch Brook Park nearly opposite Barringer High School, on west side of lake, for lack of suitable spot on actual site of original training quarters, which extended west of park from Lackawanna Railroad toward Bloomfield Ave. Given by pupils of Barringer High School. Unveiled, May 29, 1912.

Elias G. Heller, who built first schoolhouse in Forest Hill. Placed in Ridge St. School. Given by his sons. Unveiled, Feb. 11, 1913.

First Meeting House, built in 1668. Placed on building on south side of Branford Pl., near Broad St. Given by Schoolmen's Club. Unveiled, Newark Day, Nov. 3, 1913.

First Sunday School, founded by Anna Richards, 1814. Placed by First Presbyterian Church, on exterior wall of Sunday School building, So. Broad St., opp. Branford Pl. To mark centennial of school's founding. Dedicated, June Sunday, June 13, 1915.

Work of Jane E. Johnson in Newark schools. Placed in Normal School, Belleville and 4th Aves. Given by Nathaniel King, of Bd. of Education, May 13, 1914.

Washington's route from Philadelphia to Cambridge in 1775, to take command of Continental Army. Placed on Firemen's building, Broad and Market Sts., June 25, 1914. Given by N. J. Sons of the American Revolution.

Hannibal Goodwin, inventor of photographic film and Newark clergyman. Placed in Public Library corridor by Newark Camera Club, Nov. 28, 1914.

Washington's retreat in 1776. Placed on Trinity Church by N. J. Sons of American Revolution, March 7, 1914.

Newark's part in War for American Independence. Placed on Prudential Building by Schoolmen's Club, Flag Day, 1915.

Rev. Moses Newell Combs, pioneer in industrial education and first shoe manufacturer in Newark. Dedicated, Newark Day, Nov. 1, 1915, and placed on building at 75 Market St., by Schoolmen's Club, March 10, 1916.

Aaron Burr's parsonage, where first classes of College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, were held, 1748-1756. Placed on Koenig building, Broad and William Sts., by Princeton Club, May 10, 1916.

Revolutionary camping ground, in Phillips Park. Set in a boulder from Fox Hill. Given by N. J. Daughters of American Revolution, May 19, 1916.

Site of first academy in city built in 1774 by gifts of citizens. Set in boulder in Washington Park. Given by Newark Academy. Placed, July 19, 1916. Dedicated the following fall.

Col. Peter Schuyler, leader of "Jersey Blues". Set in boulder in Military Park. Given by N. J. Society of the Order of the Founders and Patriots of America. Unveiled, Flag Day, 1916.

Justice Joseph Hedden, Revolutionary martyr. Placed on building at 536 Broad St., site of Hedden Colonial home. Given by Barringer High School students. Unveiled, May 25, 1916.

Divident Hill in Weequahic Park, where boundary between Newark and Elizabeth was fixed in 1668. Placed on exterior of small marble building. Given by pupils of South Side High School. Unveiled, May 20, 1916.

Spot where Lincoln spoke on journey to his inauguration in 1861. Placed at Broad and Division Sts., by Schoolmen's Club. Unveiled, Newark Day, Nov. 6, 1916.

Newark founders who were Congregationalists. Placed in First Congregational Jube Memorial Church, Clinton Ave. and Wright St., by its members, May 10, 1916.

Participation of Newark men in the European war. Placed on City Hall by Schoolmen's Club, Newark Day, Nov. 5, 1917.

Barringer boys who gave their services to their country in the great world war. Given and placed in Barringer High School auditorium by pupils, alumni and teachers of the school. Unveiled, Memorial Day, 1919.

_Technical School_: Given right to grant its graduates collegiate degrees in science, Jan. 4, 1919. Name changed to College of Technology.

_Telephones_:

_1904_ _1918_
Instruments in use 8,935 41,567
Local calls, 1905 11,387,490 39,797,745
Out of town calls, 1905 1,591,785 7,858,685

_Trade, Board of_: Unofficial organization; present membership, 1,500; established, 1868, to promote industrial, commercial and financial welfare of Newark.

The following summary by the board, represents their interests during the past fifteen years:

1904. Advocated legislation which created Tenement House Commission.

1905. Started agitation for building of Central High School.

Obtained appropriation for 12 ft. depth in Passaic River.

1906. Advocated law limiting public franchise rights to 25 years.

1907. Brought about creation of Bur. of Combustibles and Fire
Risks.

1908. Obtained extension of high pressure system.

1909. Caused city to start a public bath house system, by establishing
one.

Caused city to start a municipal employment bureau.

1910. Obtained medical inspection in public schools.

1911. Started agitation for improvement of Plank Road, later carried
out.

1912. Held successful Industrial Exposition.

Lighterage case begun by Board.

Directory of "Newark Made Goods", published at cost of
$10,000.

1913. Brought about establishing of Federal Court in Newark.

Influence of Board used to establish Public Service Terminal.

New Jersey sea-level ship canal advocated.

1914. Opposed purchase of East Jersey Water Plant, and advocated
Wanaque extension.

Opposed placing Newark in the Philadelphia Regional Bank
Zone.

Filed complaint against detrimental credit loan companies.

1915. Favored excess condemnation.

Filed formal complaint in lighterage case.

Protested against increase in Ferry tolls on Hudson River.

1916. Opposed site proposed for Memorial building. Held a successful
"Buy-in-Newark Week".

Started agitation for safety isles in Broad St.

1917. Had bill introduced in the U. S. Senate providing for dependents
of soldiers.

Favored connection of Hudson and Manhattan and Public
Service Railway lines.

Obtained $10,000 appropriation from Board of Freeholders
for surveys for vehicular tunnels under Hudson.

Created sentiment for Commission government.

1918. Sought government aid in providing homes for industrial
workers.

Outlined an industrial labor policy.

_Transportation_: See Hudson and Manhattan Tubes; Jitneys; Lincoln Highway; Public Service Terminal; Trolleys.

_Trees, Memorial_: Doane Oak. Planted in Lincoln Park by Shade Tree Commission, 1907. In memory of Mgr. George Hobart Doane (1830-1905), rector of St. Patrick's Cathedral, and one of the most widely known Catholic ecclesiastics in the country.

Lincoln Highway Sycamores. 40, set out on Lincoln Highway, near Plank Road Bridge, April, 1917, by N. J. State Federation of Women's Clubs.

State Federation of Women's Clubs Sycamore. Planted on City Hall Plaza in honor of Federation, by The Contemporary, April, 1917.

Roosevelt Oak. Planted by Boy Scouts in Washington Park, May 3, 1919. In memory of Theodore Roosevelt, president of U. S., Sept. 14, 1901-1909. Born, Oct. 27, 1858. Died, Jan. 6, 1919.

_Trolleys_:

_1904_ _1918_
Essex Division
(Includes Essex Co.
& West Hudson towns)
Miles of tracks 198.2 227.2
No. of cars 362 658[C]
Passengers carried 88,215,000 174,154,820

[C] All cars put in service during last ten years were much larger than those formerly used.

Opening of new trolley terminal April 30, 1916, one of the most important improvements in system since Corporation was formed in 1903. See also Public Service Terminal.

Women first employed as conductors, 1918. War measure due to labor shortage.

Skip-stops instituted at request of national and state fuel administrators, April 1, 1918. Another war measure.

Port Newark route to and from Submarine Boat Corporation, first operated, Sept. 1918.

Strike of motormen and conductors for increased wages called June 6, 1918. Arbitrated by National Labor Bd. Service resumed June 8. Second strike, March 12-17, 1919.

Transfer charge in addition to 5 cent fare first authorized April 1, 1918. 7 cent fare raise effective, October 15, 1918. Reduction to 6 cents with 1 cent extra charge for transfer, April 1, 1919. 7 cent fare with 1 cent extra charge for transfer restored, May 4, 1919.

_Tuberculosis, Campaign Against_: State Tuberculosis Sanatorium at Glen Gardner, Hunterdon Co., provided for by act of N. J. Legislature, 1902. Building completed, 1907. Cost, $300,000. $89,500 appropriated for new buildings, 1912.

City Sanatorium for Incipient Tuberculosis, Verona, was opened Jan., 1908, in the remodelled girl's cottage of the City Home, which had been discarded for that use.

Newark Anti-Tuberculosis Assoc., 45 Clinton St., established Feb. 1, 1909. To educate public concerning prevention and treatment. Employs nurses to visit patients discharged from state home at Glen Gardner.

Tuberculosis Dept. of Essex Co. Hospital for Contagious Diseases at Soho, was opened May, 1911.

N. J. Anti-Tuberculosis League, 45 Clinton St., organized Oct. 16, 1913, to take place of former state association. A clearing house of information, publicity bureau, education, aid, etc.

Bur. of Tuberculosis, established as separate department of the Newark Bd. of Health, July, 1915, has reorganized city sanatorium, maintains additional clinics and investigates housing conditions.

_Tunnels_: See Hudson and Manhattan Tubes; Vehicular Tunnel

_250th Anniversary_: The first settlers, led by Robert Treat, came to Newark from Connecticut, May 17, 1666. In 1916, from May 1 to Oct. 31, the city celebrated its 250th birthday with a succession of ceremonies and festivities.

Preliminary plans were laid in 1914, when the N. J. Legislature approved an act, March 9, providing for such a celebration. In accordance with this act, and by authority granted under an ordinance of the Common Council, Mayor Haussling, in the summer of the same year, appointed the Committee of One Hundred to raise money and plan, through its sub-committees, for the anniversary program.

Newark and the forthcoming celebration became subjects of national interest and importance. Thousands of people from all over the country entered competitions for the best posters and poems, symbolizing the city's history and industrial progress. The competitions resulted in the spread of information about Newark and brought recognition of the city's standing.

The most notable single feature of the anniversary was the Pageant of Newark, an historic and allegorical review of the growth of the city, presented in Weequahic Park.

There were innumerable parades, of which none was more pleasing to the spectators, or more creditable to the city, than the School Children's Parade, June 6.

Annual or recurrent events like the Music Festival and Industrial Exposition were included in the anniversary program and made particularly attractive.

230 athletes from all parts of the United States and Canada participated in the athletic events held at Weequahic Park, September 8, 9 and 16, and succeeded in breaking six world records. The Ninth International Fly and Bait Casting Tournament, held in Newark, Aug. 23-26, was likewise a great success. Athletic meets of all kinds were the order of the summer months.

As was natural, Newark became the popular convention city for 1916, all manner of organizations being glad to avail themselves of the special attractions offered their members.

_250th Anniversary Competitions_:

1. Street & Building Decorations. Committee of 100 offered $500 for best plan submitted. Won by Jordan Green, architect, 81 Lincoln Park, Newark.

2. Poetry. Poems on Newark and its 250th Anniversary. Committee of 100 offered $250, 1st prize; $150, 2nd; $100 3rd; 10 prizes of $50 each. 1st prize, Clement Wood (Vulcan Smith, pseud.), New York City, "Smithy of God". 2nd prize, Anna Blake Mezquida (Anne Grinfill, pseud.), San Francisco, Cal., "City of Heritage". 3rd prize, Albert E. Trombly (Edmond St. Hilaire, pseud.), Philadelphia, Pa., "Newark--1916". These poems and many others have since been collected in a volume entitled, "Newark Anniversary Poems". Published, 1917. Price, $1.25.

3. Poster. Committee of 100 offered $1,000, 1st prize; $500, 2nd; $300, Special, awarded by popular vote. 1st prize won by Adolph Treidler, New York City, "Robert Treat directing the landing of settlers in Newark"; 2nd, won by Helen Dryden, of New York City; Special, won by E. A. Foringer, of Grantwood, N. J.

4. New York Times Essay on Newark History. Open to pupils in public, private and parochial schools. $10 selection of books, prize for high school winners; Tiffany silver medals, prizes for grade school winners. 1,000 prizes awarded.

5. Photography. Newark Camera Club conducted "Amateur Photographic Contest and Exhibition". Grand prize for best picture of entire exhibit, solid silver loving cup, donated by Franklin Murphy, Chairman of Committee of 100; 4 gold and 4 silver medals as first and second awards for pictures in four classes--Class A, Street Decorations and Parades; Class B, Night Illuminations; Class C, Feigenspan Colleoni Statue; Class D, Miscellaneous. Grand prize won by Edward J. Brown, member of the Club. Class A. 1st prize, Edward J. Brown; 2nd, Peter J. Schweikert; Class B, 1st prize, Edward J. Brown; 2nd, George Hahn, Jr.; Class C, 1st prize, Reuben B. Ashderian; 2nd, George Hahn, Jr.; Class D, 1st prize, Alfred R. Jayson; 2nd, Edward J. Brown.

6. Emblem. Committee of 100 offered $50, 1st prize; $30, 2nd; $20, 3rd. Open to pupils of all schools in Newark.

7. City Flag. Committee of 100 offered $100 prize. Open to any resident of N. J.

_250th Anniversary Industrial Exposition_: See Exhibitions

_250th Anniversary Music Festival_: See Music Festival, 1916

_250th Anniversary Notable Parades_: Opening day, May 1, 1916, at 10 a. m. Local National Guard, Boy Scouts and other organizations, with Gen. Edwin C. Hine, commanding.

Founder's Day, May 17, 1916, at 2 p. m. N. J. National Guard, civic organizations and fraternal bodies.

School Children's, June 6, 1916, at 2 p. m. 11,000 public and 4,000 parochial school children. Time, 3½ hours. Included 22 historical and symbolic floats, 23 bands, 12 fife and drum corps.

_250th Anniversary Pageant_: Pageant of Newark by Thomas Wood Stevens.

4,000 performers.

Given May 30, 31, June 1, 2, 1916, at 8 p. m., in Weequahic Park. Seating accommodations for 40,000, including 20,000 free seats. Attended by the greatest crowds ever handled by police department.

Prologue showed the passing of the explorers Cabot, Verrazano, Hudson, and the Peace Legend of the original Indians of N. J.

1st to 3rd Movements showed landing of Robert Treat, purchase of land, land riots of 1746, revolutionary times, Marquis de Lafayette's visit, first signs of industrial growth, and Lincoln's visit.

4th Movement was symbolic of the forces which have shaped the life of the city.

Music composed for this occasion by Henry C. Hadley.

_250th Anniversary School Work Exhibit_: See Exhibitions

_Ungraded Schools_: See Delinquent Children

_Vacant Lot Cultivation_:

_Acres_ _Acres_ _No._ _Value_
_Available_ _Cultivated_ _Gardens_ _Crop_
1915 550 10 175 $ 4,200
1916 550 22 375 10,600
1917 540 193 3,288 114,572
1918 540 225 4,000 135,000

1918. 18,000 backyard gardens, 20' × 25', also cultivated, with total value of crop, $180,000. 23 school garden plots planted and cared for by pupils in manual training, physical culture and science classes. This work is carried on by the Vacant Lot Assoc.

_Vailsburg_: Annexed, Jan. 1, 1905. Area thus added, 885.1 acres or 1.383 sq. miles.

_Vehicular Tunnel_: Act giving power to the N. J. Inter-State Bridge and Tunnel Commission, acting jointly with the N. Y. Commission, for construction and operation of a tunnel for vehicular traffic under the Hudson River, from New York to Jersey City, passed by both N. Y. and N. J. Legislatures, 1919.

By this means traffic congestion will be relieved, difficulties of fog and ice overcome to a great extent, freight handled more cheaply and mails expedited. Interstate freight traffic will no longer be entirely dependent on ferry and barge service, as was the case during the harbor strike in the winter of 1918.

Gen. Goethals, builder of the Panama Canal, has estimated that a tunnel wide enough to allow 3 trucks to travel side by side and providing for a foot path will cost $12,000,000. Maintenance will amount to about $125,000 annually. About 2 years will be required for construction.

As U. S. Congress has voted against federal aid, the expense will be met jointly by New York and New Jersey.

_Venereal Diseases, Bureau of--Board of Health_: Established July, 1918. Clinics already in operation were developed, attendants and nurses appointed.

_Vocational Schools_: See Boys' Vocational School; Girls' Vocational School; Technical School.

_Wages_: Comparison as illustrated by 7 important trades. These figures for Newark drawn from U. S. Bur. of Labor Statistics:

_1904_ _1914_ _1918_
Bricklayer
Hours per week 44 44 44
Wages per hour $.58 $.65 $.75

Carpenter
Hours per week 44 44 44
Wages per hour $.41 $.50 $.70

Machinist
Hours per week 54 54 50
Wages per hour $.29 $.36 $.45

Moulder
Hours per week 54 54 54
Wages per hour $.33 $.38 $.55

Pattern maker
Hours per week 54 44 48
Wages per hour $.39 $.49 $.75

Painter
Hours per week 48 44 44
Wages per hour $.36 $.44 $.62

Plumber
Hours per week 48 44 44
Wages per hour $.44 $.62 $.75

_War, The--Military Organizations_: Local enlistments are estimated:

Army, 9,000; Navy, 4,000; Marines, 250.

9,591 Newark men, 21-31 years of age, were called for service between April, 1917, and Sept., 1918, under first draft.

59,937 Newark men, 18-45 years of age, were registered for second draft, Sept. 12, 1918.

Casualties: (Unofficial record) Killed 120
Died from wounds 53
Died from disease 65
Died from other causes 17
Wounded 870
Missing 27
-----
1,152

_War, The--Relief Organizations_: The following organizations, and many others, did war work of all kinds.

American Red Cross.
Y. M. C. A.
Y. W. C. A.
Knights of Columbus.
Jewish Welfare Board.
Salvation Army.
War Camp Community Service.
U. S. Food Administration.
U. S. Fuel Administration.
National League for Women's Service.
Red Cross Motor Corps.
National Service Motor Corps.
Woman's Motor Corps of America.
Catholic Women's Committee.
Contemporary Civics Committee.
Woman's Volunteer Service League (colored).
Junior Red Cross.
Girl's Patriotic League.

_War, The--Financial Support_: Every Newark drive for war work funds and liberty loans was over-subscribed:

Liberty Loans:

_Newark's Quota_ _Raised_
1st May 15-June 15, 1917 $20,670,000 $23,054,300
2nd Oct. 1-Nov. 1, 1917 31,005,000 36,728,450
3rd Apr. 26-May 4, 1918 18,876,100 31,298,500
4th Sept. 28-Oct. 19, 1918 38,198,200 60,130,450
5th Apr. 21-May 10, 1919 31,225,900 41,383,450

Red Cross:

1st drive, June 18-25, 1917 750,000 784,570
2nd " May 20-27, 1918 750,000 1,325,000
United War Work Drive,
Nov. 11-21, 1918 1,000,000 1,051,752

_War, The--Industrial Aspect_: It is impossible to get figures covering Newark alone. There were 4 munition plants, 3 plants making uniforms, 10 making chemicals, 3 making military airplanes and one making ships. Some indication of the extent of the activity induced by the war is indicated by the number of applications received by federal--state--municipal employment bureau. In 1917, there were 47,022, in 1918 there were 94,830, an increase of over 101%. The following table for N. J. is included to show the great part taken by the state in war industries.

_Stock &_
_Capital_ _Material_ _Goods Made_ _Wages_

High explosives
1914 $13,489,358 $ 7,677,803 $ 14,330,232 $ 1,517,425
1917 55,316,876 37,548,303 245,816,880 24,041,236

Munitions
1914 1,158,639 1,136,331 1,813,898 338,440
1917 25,450,672 35,924,958 47,055,229 9,688,348

Shipbuilding
1914 34,286,142 4,851,539 10,475,245 4,714,375
1917 57,300,609 24,944,468 39,738,072 14,920,054

_Employees_ _Average salary earnings_
High explosives, 1914 2,156 $ 703.81
" " 1917 21,153 1,136.54
Munitions 1914 609 555.73
" 1917 14,623 662.54
Shipbuilding 1914 6,014 783.90
" 1917 11,545 1,292.34

Over 50% of all the military explosives produced in the U. S. were made in N. J.

_War, The--Public School Activities_: Over a million dollars' worth of liberty bonds were sold, and over a quarter of a million dollars' worth of thrift stamps.

Nearly $100,000 were contributed to the various auxiliary causes, such as Surgical dressings, Armenian and Syrian relief. Y. M. C. A. and War Camp Community Service.

There were 35 Junior Red Cross organizations in schools; over twenty thousand articles were made for the Red Cross by domestic art classes; 3,000 cards of cotton wound; and 5,000 button holes made.

3,500 pupils enrolled in the Home Garden division of the Junior Industrial Army.

2,300 home gardens and 21 school gardens were cultivated.

Many thousand magazines were collected in the schools and 20,000 text books not needed in the schools, were given to the soldiers through the Public Library.

71 pupils and 26 teachers enlisted in the army and navy or other branches of war service.

_War, The--Library Service_: From Sept. 1, 1917 to July 30, 1919, 41,575 books and 201,842 magazines were collected by the Public Library, for the army and navy. Of these 40,705 books and 42,175 magazines were sent in over one hundred shipments, to 36 different camps, hospitals and other military posts in N. J. For example, 6,106 books went to Camp Merritt; 1,560 to A. L. A. Dispatch Office at Hoboken for Transport Service; 842 to Port Newark; 9,597 to Camp Dix, and over 1,500 each to Cape May Naval Training Station, Fort Hancock, Camp Morgan and Camp Vail. The proceeds of the sale of magazines, etc., not wanted by soldiers, were used for purchasing technical books and magazine subscriptions for military hospitals.

The three "book drives" were in Sept., 1917; May, 1918, and May, 1919.

_War, The--Notable Parades_: Universal Service Registration Day, June 5, 1917. To mark enrollment of the first draft army, 7,000 school children marched in the morning, 8,000 men, representing military, fraternal and civic organizations, in the afternoon.

Soldier's Day, April 27, 1918. 312th Regiment of Infantry of the National Army from Camp Dix entertained by the city. Escorted by thousands of civilians in line from Lincoln Park to First Regiment Armory. 16,000 in parade, 300,000 spectators. Greatest demonstration of the kind in Newark's history.

Italy Day, May 24, 1918. 8,000 Italian citizens in parade, expressed their allegiance to the U. S. Many Red Cross workers and 400 children from McKinley School in line.

War Savings Stamps, June 15, 1918. 7,500 school children and Red Cross divisions of commercial and industrial concerns, followed by 106 of the famous French Chasseurs d'Alpines, called Blue Devils, then on a visit to the U. S.

113th Infantry of the 29th, or Blue and Gray Division, welcomed home May 20, 1919. The 113th left Newark Sept. 4, 1917, as the First Infantry, National Guard of New Jersey. Their parade was the first to celebrate the return of Newark men from France. A public holiday was proclaimed by Mayor Gillen. Other home-coming parades followed with the 312th Infantry, of the 78th, or Lightning Division, in the line of march, Memorial Day, 1919.

_War, The_: See also Coal Shortage; Industry; Shipbuilding; Wages

_Water Supply_: Since 1892, drawn from headwaters of Pequannock River in northern N. J., 26 miles from city. From time to time city has purchased large tracts of land around this watershed to protect it. Total acreage, 25,000; valuation, $20,000,000; 9 reservoirs; average daily water supply available, 50,000,000 gallons. Average daily consumption, 47,341,000 gallons.

For many years there has been agitation for new source of supply, as population and industries increase. In 1918, permission was granted by the Capital Issues Committee of the Federal Reserve Board to proceed with the development of the Wanaque watershed on condition that no construction work be undertaken during the war. Supply from the Wanaque watershed would be 50,000,000 gallons, equal capacity to Pequannock. Cost estimated at $9,047,250.

_Whooping Cough_: An ordinance passed Sept. 15, 1915, requires children under 10 years of age with whooping cough to wear in the street or any other public place, a yellow band around the arm, marked "Newark Health Department, Whooping Cough". This is a measure to prevent the spread of disease.

_Woman Suffrage_: In view of the recent adoption of the Susan B. Anthony amendment by U. S. Congress, a review of the suffrage movement in N. J. from earliest times to the present, may be of sufficient interest to warrant the disregard of limiting dates.

N. J. had woman suffrage up to 1807.

1884. Petition for restoration of original suffrage rights and for
school suffrage.

1887. Suffrage for school officials in villages and for county
officials:
Senate--ayes, 15; nays, 2.
House--unanimously in favor.
Passed and became a law. Declared unconstitutional in 1894.

1895. Petition for Full Suffrage and School Suffrage rights.

1897. Resolution for a referendum on School Suffrage:
Senate--ayes, 15; nays, 1. Passed.
House--ayes, 42; nays, 5. Passed.
Submitted to referendum and rejected.

1912. Resolution for Full Suffrage:
Senate--ayes, 3; nays, 18.

1913.[D] Resolution for Full Suffrage:
Senate--ayes, 14; nays, 5. Passed.
House--ayes, 44; nays, 7. Passed.

1914. Suffrage Resolution:
Senate--ayes, 15; nays, 3.
House--ayes, 49; nays, 4.

1915. Suffrage Resolution:
Senate--ayes, 17; nays, 4.
House--unanimously passed.
Submitted to referendum:
N. J., 133,281 for; 184,390 against.
And defeated, Oct. 19:
Newark, 13,125 for; 24,147 against.

1916. Presidential Suffrage Bill introduced in Senate. Referred to
Committee on Judiciary and unfavorably reported.

[D] This resolution through error was not advertised in time, so that a Resolution had to be introduced in the Legislature of 1914.

_Young Men's Christian Association_: Since 1904 the Y. M. C. A. of this city has added two stories over its gymnasium building, increasing its capacity of living rooms for young men to 125.

It has purchased four lots on Warren St., comprising a plot 80 × 100 ft., which is to be the site for the annex building to be erected within the next 5 years.

In the Educational Dept. there have been organized and conducted the accountancy school, automobile schools, classes in electricity, salesmanship, modern production methods, personal efficiency and memory training.

A most important advance was made when the City-Wide Community Work was organized in 1914. There are now 3 districts being operated. Eventually the city and suburbs are to be organized with 7 distinct districts, each with a competent secretary doing work for the whole community.

_Young Women's Christian Association_: New administration and recreation building, 53 Washington St., opened Sept. 2, and dedicated Nov. 3, 1913. $300,000 for its erection raised in 14 days by a "whirlwind campaign" for popular subscriptions. Has gymnasium, assembly hall, cafeteria, roof garden, swimming pool, classrooms, and offices.

Association residence, or boarding home, 304 Broad St., opened March, 1917.

* * * * *

INDEX

All-Year School 4
Almshouse 4
Alternating Plan 4
Apartment Houses 4
Athletic Association, Public School 4
Athletic Field, Public School 4
Automobiles 4

Band Concerts 4
Bank Buildings 5
Baths, Public 5
Birth Rate 5
Blind, Work for 5
Boy's Vocational School 6
Buildings 6

Carteret Book Club 7
Catholic Children's Aid Association of N. J. 7
Charities 8
Charter, City 8
Child Hygiene Division, Board of Health 9
Christmas Trees, Municipal 9
Churches 9
City Home 9
City Plan Commission 9
Civil Service Reform 10
Coal Shortage 10
College of Technology 10
Comfort Stations 10
Commission Government 10
Contemporary, The 11
Co-operative School 11
Course of Study 11
Crippled Children, School for 11

Deaf, Public School Classes for 12
Death Rate 12
Delinquent Children 12
Dental Clinic Association 13
Detention, House of 13

Education Board 13
Employment Bureau, Municipal 13
Exhibitions 13

Feebleminded, Public School Classes for 15
Fire Department, 1906 15
Flag, City 15
Food and Drug Division--Board of Health 16

Gary Schools 16
German Language 16
Girls' Vocational School 16
Gymnasium, Public School 16

Health 16
High Schools 16
Housing 16

Indeterminate Sentence 17
Industrial Expositions 17
Industrial Schools 17
Industry 17
Infantile Paralysis 18
Influenza 18
Institute of Arts and Sciences 18
Italian Language 19

Jitneys 19
Junior College 19
Junior High Schools 19
Junior Museum Club 19
Juvenile Court 19
Juvenile Delinquency 19

Lectures, Public 19
Library, Public 20
Lincoln Highway 22
Little Mother's League 22
Lunches, Public School 22

Medical History, Museum of 22
Medical Inspection 23
Medical Library Association 23
Memorial Tablets 23
Memorial Trees 23
Mental Hygiene, Bureau of--Board of Health 23
Mexican Border Uprising 23
Milk Supply 23
Monuments 23
Moving Pictures 23
Municipal Christmas Trees 24
Municipal Employment Bureau 24
Municipal Exhibition 24
Museum Association 24
Music Festivals 24

Naturalization 25
Newark Day 25
Newspapers and Journals 25
Normal School, N. J. State 26

Open Air Classes 26

Pageant 26
Parades 26
Parental School, Essex Co. 26
Parental School, Newark 26
Parks, City 26
Parks, Essex County 27
Parkways 27
Parochial Schools 27
Passaic Valley Trunk Sewer 27
Paving 28
Physical Training 28
Playgrounds 28
Playgrounds, City 28
Police Department 29
Poor and Alms Department and Almshouse Survey 29
Population 29
Port Newark 29
Postal Service 30
Prices, Food 30
Prison Reform 30
Probation System 32
Public Baths 32
Public Comfort Station 32
Public Lectures 32
Public Schools 32
Public Service Corporation of N. J. 32
Public Service Terminal 32

Reformatory for Women, N. J. State 32

"Safety First" and the Schools 32
School Houses as Social Centers 33
School Names Changed 33
School Savings Banks 34
School Survey 35
Schools, Parochial 35
Schools, Public 35
Shade Tree Commission 35
Shipbuilding 36
Ship Yard Workers, Evening Classes for 36
Smoke Abatement Department 36
Social Service Survey 36
Statues and Monuments 37
Street Names Changed 38
Street Paving 39
Summer High Schools 40
Surveys 40

Tablets, Memorial 40
Technical School 42
Telephones 40
Trade, Board of 40
Transportation 43
Trees, Memorial 43
Trolleys 44
Tuberculosis, Campaign Against 44
Tunnels 45
250th Anniversary 45
250th Anniversary Competitions 46
250th Anniversary Industrial Exposition 47
250th Anniversary Music Festival 47
250th Anniversary Notable Parades 47
250th Anniversary Pageant 47
250th Anniversary School Work Exhibit 47

Ungraded Schools 47

Vacant Lot Cultivation 48
Vailsburg 48
Vehicular Tunnel 48
Venereal Diseases, Bureau of--Board of Health 48
Vocational Schools 48

Wages 49
War, The--Military Organizations 49
War, The--Relief Organizations 50
War, The--Financial Support 50
War, The--Industrial Aspect 50
War, The--Public School Activities 51
War, The--Library Service 52
War, The--Notable Parades 52
War, The 53
Water Supply 53
Whooping Cough 53
Woman Suffrage 53

Young Men's Christian Association 54
Young Women's Christian Association 54

* * * * *

Transcriber Notes

On Page 37, "Court House Statutes" was corrected to "Court House Statues". Tables were standardized to have italicized column titles. All "Subject" titles were standardized.