Chapter III: Sidenote: Oliver Street Baptist Church (2)

The ground between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, Fortieth and Forty-second Streets, now occupied by Bryant Park and the old reservoir, was purchased by the city in 1822, and in 1823 a Potter's Field was established there, the one in Washington Square having been abandoned in its favor. The reservoir, of Egyptian architecture, was finished in 1842. Its cost was about $500,000. On July 5th water was introduced into it through the new Croton aqueduct, with appropriate ceremonies. The water is brought from the Croton lakes, forty-five miles above the city, through conduits of solid masonry. The first conduit, which was begun in 1835, is carried across the Harlem River through the High Bridge, which was erected especially to accommodate it. At the time the reservoir was put in use the locality was at the northern limits of the city. On Sundays and holidays people went on journeys to the reservoir, and from the promenades at the top of the structure had a good view from river to river, and of the city to the south. The reservoir has not been in use for many years.

The park was called Reservoir Square until 1884, when the name was changed to Bryant Park.

[Sidenote: A World's Fair]

On July 4, 1853, a World's Fair, in imitation of the Crystal Palace, near London, was opened in Reservoir Square, when President Pierce made an address. The fair was intended to set forth the products of the world, but it attracted but little attention outside the city. It was opened as a permanent exposition on May 14, 1854, but proved a failure. One of the attractions was a tower 280 feet high, which stood just north of the present line of Forty-second Street and Fifth Avenue. In August, 1856, it was burned, and as a great pillar of flame it attracted more attention than ever before. The exposition buildings and their contents were in the hands of a receiver when they were destroyed by fire October 5, 1858.

Bryant Park has been selected as the site for the future home of the consolidated Tilden, Astor and Lenox Libraries.

[Sidenote: Murray Hill]

Murray Hill derives its name from the possessions of Robert Murray, whose house, Inclenberg, stood at the corner of what is now Thirty-sixth Street and Park Avenue, on a farm which lay between the present Thirty-third and Thirty-seventh Streets, Bloomingdale Road (now Broadway) and the Boston Post Road (the present Third Avenue). The house was destroyed by fire in 1834. On September 15, 1776, after the defeat on Long Island, the Americans were marching northward from the lower end of the island, when the British, marching toward the west, reached the Murray House. There the officers were well entertained by the Murrays, who, at the same time, managed to get word to the American Army: the latter hurried on and joined Washington at about Forty-third Street and Broadway, before the English suspected that they were anywhere within reach.

The Murray Farm extended down to Kip's Bay at Thirty-sixth Street. The Kip mansion was the oldest house on the Island of Manhattan when it was torn down in 1851. Where it stood, at the crossing of Thirty-fifth Street and Second Avenue, there is now not a trace. Jacob Kip built the house in 1655, of brick which he imported from Holland. The locality between the Murray Hill Farm and the river, that is, east of what is now Third Avenue between Thirty-third and Thirty-seventh Streets, was called Kipsborough in Revolutionary times.

[Sidenote: Turtle Bay]

The British forces landed, on the day of the stop at the Murray House, in Turtle Bay, that portion of the East River between Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Streets. It was a safe harbor and a convenient one. Overlooking the bay, on a great bluff at the present Forty-first Street, was the summer home of Francis Bayard Winthrop. He owned the Turtle Bay Farm. The bluff is there yet, and subsequent cutting through of the streets has left it in appearance like a small mountain peak. Winthrop's house is gone, and in its place is Corcoran's Roost, far up on the height, whose grim wall of stone on the Fortieth Street side at First Avenue became in modern times the trysting-place for members of the "Rag Gang."

[Sidenote: The Elgin Garden]

Forty-seventh and Forty-ninth Streets, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, enclose the tract formerly known as the Elgin Garden. This was a botanical garden founded by David Hosack, M. D., in 1801, when he was Professor of Botany in Columbia College. In 1814 the land was purchased by the State from Dr. Hosack and given to Columbia College, in consideration of lands which had been owned by the College but ceded to New Hampshire after the settlement of the boundary dispute. The ground is still owned by Columbia University.

The block east of Madison Avenue, between Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Streets, was occupied in 1857 by Columbia College, when the latter moved from its down-town site at Church and Murray Streets. The College occupied the building which had been erected in 1817 by the founders of the Institute for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--the first asylum for mutes in the United States. The original intention had been to erect the college buildings on a portion of the Elgin Garden property, but the expense involved was found to be too great. The asylum property, consisting of twenty lots and the buildings, was purchased in 1856. Subsequently the remainder of the block was also bought up.

[Sidenote: St. Patrick's Cathedral]

At Fiftieth Street and Fifth Avenue is St. Patrick's Cathedral, the cornerstone of which was laid in 1858. The entire block on which it stands was, the preceding year, given to the Roman Catholics for a nominal sum--one dollar--by the city.

The Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum in the adjoining block, on Fifth Avenue, between Fifty-first and Fifty-second Streets, was organized in 1825, but not incorporated until 1852, when the present buildings were erected.

[Sidenote: Four Mile Stone]

There is still standing, in Third Avenue, just above Fifty-seventh Street, a milestone. It was once on the Post Road, four miles from Federal Hall in Wall Street.

Close by Fiftieth Street and Third Avenue, a Potter's Field was established about 1835. Near it was a spring of exceptionally pure water. This water was carried away in carts and supplied to the city. Even after the introduction of Croton water the water from this spring commanded a price of two cents a pail from many who were strongly prejudiced against water that had been supplied through pipes.

[Sidenote: Beekman House]

Memories of Nathan Hale, the Martyr Spy of the Revolution, hover about the neighborhood of Fifty-first Street and First Avenue. The Beekman House stood just west of the Avenue, between Fifty-first and Fifty-second Streets, on the site where Grammar School No. 135 is now. It was in a room of this house that Major Andre slept, and in the morning passed out to dishonor; and it was in a greenhouse on these grounds that Nathan Hale passed the last of his nights upon earth. The house was built in 1763 by a descendant of the William Beekman who came from Holland in 1647 with Peter Stuyvesant. During the Revolution it was the headquarters of General Charles Clinton and Sir William Howe. It stood until 1874, by which time it had degenerated into a crumbling tenement, and was demolished when it threatened to fall of natural decay.

[Sidenote: An Old Shot Tower]

A very few steps from the East River, at Fifty-third Street, stands an old brick shot tower; a lonely and neglected sentinel now, but still proudly looking skyward and bearing witness to its former usefulness. It was built in 1821 by a Mr. Youle. On October 9th it was nearing completion when it collapsed. It was at once rebuilt, and, as has been said, still stands. In 1827 Mr. Youle advertised the sale of the lots near the tower, and designated the location as being "close by the Old Post Road near the four mile stone."

[Sidenote: The De Voor Farm]

Within half a dozen steps of the old tower, in the same lumber yard, is a house said to be the oldest in the city. It is of Dutch architecture, with sloping roof and a wide porch. The cutting through and grading of Fifty-third Street have forced it higher above the ground than its builders intended it to be. The outer walls, in part, have been boarded over, and some "modern improvements" have made it somewhat unsightly; but inside, no vandal's art has been sufficient to hide its solid oak beams and its stone foundations that have withstood the shocks of time successfully. It was a farm-house, and its site was the Spring Valley Farm of the Revolution. It is thought to have been built by some member of the De Voor family, who, after 1677, had a grant of sixty acres of land along the river, and gave their name to a mill-stream long since forgotten, save for allusion in the pages of history.

A block away in Fifty-fourth Street, between First Avenue and the river, is another Dutch house, though doubtless of much later origin. It stands back from the street and has become part of a brewery, being literally surrounded by buildings.

[Sidenote: Central Park]

The first suggestion of a Central Park was made in the fall of 1850, when Andrew J. Downing, writing to the _Horticulturist_, advocated the establishment of a large park because of the lack of recreation-grounds in the city. On April 5, 1851, Mayor Ambrose C. Kingsland, in a special message to the Common Council, suggested the necessity for the new park, pointing out the limited extent and inadequacy of the existing ones. The Common Council, approving of the idea, asked the Legislature for authority to secure the necessary land. The ground suggested for the new park was the property known as "Jones' Woods," which lay between Sixty-sixth and Seventy-fifth Streets, Third Avenue and the East River. At an extra session of the Legislature in July, 1851, an Act known as the "Jones' Woods Park Bill" was passed, under which the city was given the right to acquire the land. The passage of this Act opened a discussion as to whether there was no other location better adapted for a public park than Jones' Woods. In August a committee was appointed by the Board of Aldermen to examine the proposed plot and others. This committee reported in favor of what they considered a more central site, namely, the ground lying between Fifty-ninth and One Hundred and Sixth Streets, Fifth and Eighth Avenues. On July 23, 1853, the Legislature passed an Act giving authority for the acquirement of the land, afterward occupied by Central Park, to Commissioners appointed by the Supreme Court. The previous Jones' Woods Act was repealed. These Commissioners awarded for damages $5,169,369.69, and for benefits $1,657,590.00, which report was confirmed by the court in February, 1856.

In May, 1856, the Common Council appointed a commission which took charge of the work of construction. On this commission were William C. Bryant, Washington Irving and George Bancroft. In 1857, however, a new Board was appointed by the Legislature, because of the inactivity of the first one. Under the new Board, in April of the year in which they were appointed, the designs of Calvert Vaux and Frederick L. Olmsted were accepted and actual work was begun.

The plans for the improvement of the park, which have been consistently adhered to, were based upon the natural configuration of the land. As nearly as possible the hills, valleys and streams were preserved undisturbed. Trees, shrubs and vines were arranged with a view to an harmonious blending of size, shape and color--all that would attract the eye and make the park as beautiful in every detail as in its entirety.

The year 1857 was one of much distress to the poor, and work on the park being well under way, the Common Council created employment for many laborers by putting them to work grading the new park.

The original limits were extended from One Hundred and Sixth to One Hundred and Tenth Street in 1859.

As it exists to-day, Central Park contains eight hundred and sixty-two acres, of which one hundred and eighty-five and one-quarter are water. It is two and a half miles long and half a mile wide. Five hundred thousand trees have been set out since the acquisition of the land. There are nine miles of carriageway, five and a half miles of bridle-path, twenty-eight and one half miles of walk, thirty buildings, forty-eight bridges, tunnels and archways, and out-of-door seats for ten thousand persons. It is assessed at $87,000,000 and worth twice that amount. More than $14,000,000 have been spent on improvements.

INDEX

INDEX

Abingdon, Earl of, 109, 125
Abingdon Road, 123, 124
Abingdon Square, 109
Academy of Music, 178
All Saints' Church, 136
Allen Street Memorial Church, 142
American Museum, 37
Andre, Major, 205
Aquarium, Public, 5
Arsenal in Madison Square, 182
Art Street, 167
Astor House, 78
Astor, John Jacob, 163, 172
Astor Library, 170, 171
Astor Place, 172
Astor Place Opera House, 168, 169, 170
Astor, William B., 172

Bank Coffee House, 146
Bank Street, 113
Banker Street, 134
Bank for Savings, The, 38, 151
Barnum, P. T., 5, 30
Barnum's Museum, 30
Barrow Street, 108
Battery, 4
Battery Park, 4
Battery Place, 9
Bayard Family Vault, 144
Beaver Lane, 56
Beaver's Path, 8
Beaver Street, 8, 9, 10
Bedford Street M. E. Church, 106
Beekman House, 205
Belle Vue Farm, 189
Bellevue Hospital, 188, 189, 190
Bible House, 166, 191
Bleecker Street Bank, 151
Block, Adrian, 56, 57
Bloomingdale Road, 124, 128, 175, 180, 185, 199
Bond Street, 149
Bone Alley, 139, 140
Booth, Edwin, 194
Boston Post Road, 183, 192, 199
Boston Turnpike, 183
Boulevard, 181
Bouwerie Lane, 46
Bouwerie Village, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161
Bowery, The, 47
Bowery Lane, 166, 175
Bowery Road, 47, 128, 163, 164
Bowery Theatre, 49
Bowery Village Church, 162
Bowling Green, 3, 55
Bowling Green Garden, 84
Bradford, William, 14
Grave of, 63
Brannan's Garden, 101
Breese, Sydney, grave of, 62
Brevoort, Hendrick, 174
Brick Presbyterian Church, 31, 196
Bridewell, 35
Bridge Street, 9
Broad Street, 9, 10

Broadway, 12, 55, 175, 180, 181
Broadway Theatre, 97
Brougham's Lyceum, 97
Brouwer Street, 15
Bryant Park, 114, 197, 198, 199
Bull's Head Tavern, 49, 190
Bull's Head Village, 190, 191
Bunker Hill, 144
Burdell Murder, The, 149, 150
Burr, Aaron, home of, 18, 104
Office of, 40
Last Friend of, 67
Burton's Theatre, 39

Cafe des Mille Colonnes, 39, 86
Canal Street, 41, 42, 94, 95
Canda, Madam, 171
Castle Garden, 5, 178
Cedar Street, 21
Cemetery, New York City Marble, 154, 155
Cemetery, New York Marble, 151, 152, 153, 154
Central Park, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211
Chambers Street, 34
Chambers Street Bank, 37
Chanfrau, Frank, 170
Chapel Place, 83
Chatham, Earl of, 18, 47, 90
Chatham Square, 45, 46
Chatham Street, 47
Chelsea Cottages, 129
Chelsea Village, 126, 127, 128, 129
Cherry Hill, 51, 52
Cherry Street, 51
Church, All Saints', 136
" Allen Street Memorial, 142
" Bedford Street Memorial, 106
" Bowery Village, 162
" Brick Presbyterian, 31, 196
" Dr. Schroeder's, 167
" Duane M. E., 102
" First French Huguenot, 9
" First Moravian, 195
" First Presbyterian, 154
" First Reformed Presbyterian, 40, 118
" Friends' Meeting House, 178
" Grace, 58, 175
" John Street, 26, 161, 162
" Little, Around the Corner, 192, 193, 194, 195
" Madison Square Presbyterian, 186
" Mariners', 133, 134
" Dutch Middle Reformed, 21, 22, 171
" New Jerusalem, 89
" Oliver Street Baptist, 133
" St. Ann's, 167
" St. George's, 29, 179
" St. John's, 91
" St. Mark's, 86, 156, 157, 158, 159
" St. Mary's, 137
" St. Patrick's, 144, 145
" St. Patrick's Cathedral, 203
" St. Paul's, 75, 76, 77, 78
" St. Peter's, 81
" Sea and Land, of, 135
" Second Street Methodist, 156
" Spring Street Presbyterian, 102
" Transfiguration, of the (Episcopal), 192, 193, 194, 195
" Transfiguration, of the (Catholic), 44, 45
" Trinity, 20, 56, 58, 60, 61
Church Farm, 59
Churchyard, St. Paul's, 155
" Trinity, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72
Churcher, Richard, Grave of, 61
City Hall, 35
City Hall (first) Site of, 7, 8, 12
City Hall in Wall Street, 17
City Hall Park, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
City Hospital, 88, 89
City Hotel, 73, 74
City Library, 120
City Prison in City Hall Park, 35
Clarke, Capt. Thomas, 127
Cliff Street, 24
Clinton, Gen. Charles, 205
Clinton Hall, 28, 168, 169
Coenties Lane, 13
Coenties Slip, 12, 13
Collect, The, 41
College of the City of New York, 186, 187
College Place, 83
Collis, Christopher, Tomb of, 77
Colonnade Row, 172
Columbia College, 81, 82, 83, 202
Commons, The, 34
Company's Farm, 59
Cooke, George Frederick, Grave of, 77, 78
Cooper, James Fenimore, House of, 147
Cooper Mansion, 191
Cooper, Peter, 164, 165, 166
House of, 191, 192
Statue of, 165
Cooper Union, 161, 164, 165
Corcoran's Roost, 201
Cornbury, Lady, 66
Corlears Hook Park, 136
Country Market, 75
Coutant, John, House of, 161
Cox, Samuel S., Statue of, 168
Cresap, Michael, Grave of, 70
Croton Water Celebration, 177, 197
Cryptograph in Trinity Churchyard, 64, 65, 66
Crystal Palace, 198
Custom House, 16, 18
Cuyler's Alley, 15

Debtors' Prison, 34, 35
Delacroix, 163
De Lancey, Etienne, 10, 72, 73, 74
De Lancey, James, 72, 73, 143, 144
De Lancey, Susannah, 100
Delmonico's, 16, 25
De Voor House, 207
Dickens, Charles, 31
Drew, Daniel, 191
Duane M. E. Church, 102
Duke's Farm, 59
Dutch West India Company, 2

Eacker, George, Grave of, 78
East River Bridge (second), 137
Eleventh Street, 174
Elgin Garden, 201, 202, 203
Eliot Estate, 172
Emmet, Thomas Addis, 77, 155
Essex Market, 143
Exterior Market, 75

Fayette Street, 133
Federal Hall, 17, 18
Fields, The, 34
Fifth Avenue Hotel, 185
Fire of 1835, 14
First French Huguenot Church, 9
First Graveyard, 56
First House Built, 56
First Moravian Church, 195
First Presbyterian Church, 154
First Prison Labor, 110
First Reformed Presbyterian Church, 40, 118
First Savings Bank, 37
First Sunday School, 161
First Tenement House, 136
Fish, Hamilton, Park, 139
Fish Market, 75
Fitzroy Road, 126, 128
Five Points, 42, 43
Five Points House of Industry, 44
"Flat and Barrack Hill", 16
Fly Market, 23
Forrest, Edwin, 168, 169
Forrest-Macready Riots, 168, 169, 170
Fort Amsterdam, 1, 2
Fort Clinton, 4
Fort George, 2
Fort James, 2
Fort Manhattan, 2
Fountain in Union Square, 177
Franconi's Hippodrome, 185
Franklin House, 50
Franklin Square, 51
Fraunces' Tavern, 10, 11
Free Academy, 186, 187
Fresh Water Pond, 41
Friends' Meeting House, 178
Fulton Street, 20

Garden, Bowling Green, 84
" Brannan's, 101
" Castle, 5, 178
" Elgin, 201, 202, 203
" Niblo's, 146, 147
" Ranelagh, 94
" Vauxhall (first), 84, 163
" Vauxhall (last), 163, 164, 170
" Winter, 148
Garden Street, 16
Gardner, Noah, 110, 111
General Theological Seminary, 126, 127, 129
George III, Statue of, 3, 19
Gold Street, 23
Golden Hill, 23
Golden Hill, Battle of, 24
Golden Hill Inn, 24, 25
Government House, 1, 2
Governor's Room, City Hall, 36
Grace Church, 58, 175
Gramercy Park, 179
Graveyard, Jewish, 50, 116, 117, 122, 123
" Paupers', 34, 114, 115, 181, 197, 204
" St. John's, 105
" St. Paul's, 155
" Trinity, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68
" New York City Marble, 154, 155
" New York Marble, 151, 152, 153, 154
Great Bouwerie, 157
Great Kiln Road, 118, 121, 122, 125
Great Queen Street, 12
Greenwich Avenue, 116
" Lane, 116, 166
" Road, 80, 81
" Street, 80, 81
" Village, 98, 99, 100, 101
Grove Street, 108

Hale, Nathan, 38, 135, 204
Hall of Records, 34
Hamilton, Alexander, Grave of, 66
Hamilton, Alexander, Home of, 18
Hamilton, Philip, 67
Haunted House, 165, 166
Holland, Joseph, 193
Holt's Hotel, 21
Hone, Philip, 159
Horse and Cart Street, 26
Hosack Botanical Garden, 82
Hosack, David, 202
Hotel, Astor, 78
" City, 73, 74
" Fifth Avenue, 185
" Holt's, 21
" Metropolitan, 147
" Riley's Fifth Ward, 89, 90
" St. Nicholas, 145
" Tremont, 149
" United States, 20
Houghton, Rev. Dr. George H., 194
House of Aaron Burr, 18, 104
House, First, of White Men, 56
House of James Fenimore Cooper, 147
House of Peter Cooper, 191, 192
House of John Coutant, 161
House of the De Lanceys, 10, 72, 73, 74
House of Alexander Hamilton, 18
House of Thomas Paine, 107, 108
House of President Monroe, 145
House of Refuge, 182
House of Charlotte Temple, 48, 167
House of Francis Bayard Winthrop, 201
Houston Street, 150
Howe, Sir William, 205
Huguenot Memorials in Trinity Churchyard, 69, 71

Inclenberg, 199
Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, 202
Island of Manhattan, 138

"Jack-knife," The, 23
Jail in City Hall Park, 34
James Street, 133
Jans' Farm, 59, 60
Jeanette Park, 13
Jefferson, Joseph, 193
Jewish Graveyard in New Bowery, 50
Jewish Graveyard in Eleventh Street, 116, 117
Jewish Graveyard in Twenty-first Street, 117, 122, 123
John Street, 26
John Street Church, 26, 161, 162
John Street Theatre, 26
Jones' Woods,208
Jumel, Mme., 40

Keene, Laura, Theatre of, 147
King's College, 82
King's Farm, 59
Kip's Bay, 200
Kip, Jacob, 200
Kipsborough, 183, 200
Kissing Bridge, 47, 184

Lawrence, Capt., Grave of, 68
Lafarge House, 148
Lafayette, General, 172
Lafayette Place, 167, 170, 171, 172
La Grange Terrace, 172
Leeson, James, Grave of, 64
Leisler, Jacob, Where Hanged, 31, 32
Lich Gate of Little Church Around the Corner, 194
Light Guards, 7
Lind, Jenny, 5
Lispenard's Meadows, 80, 93, 94, 95
Little Church Around the Corner, 192, 193, 194, 195
Logan, the Friend of the White Man, 70
London Terrace, 129
Love Lane, 121, 124, 125, 126, 128

Macneven, William James, 77, 155
Macomb's Mansion, 57
Macready-Forrest Riots, 168, 169, 170
Macready, William Charles, 168, 169
Madison Square, 182, 183
Madison Square Presbyterian Church, 186
Madison Street, 134
Maiden Lane, 13, 22
Mandelbaum, "Mother", 141, 142
Manetta Brook, 99
Manetta Creek, 113, 114
Manhattan Island, 137, 138, 142
Manhattan Market, 139
Marble Houses on Broadway, 148, 149
Mariners' Church, 133, 134
Mariners' Temple, 133
Market, Country, 75
" Essex, 143
" Exterior, 75
" Fish, 75
" Fly, 23
" Manhattan, 139
" Meal, 20
" Uptown, 74
" Washington, 74
Marketfield Street, 8
Martyrs' Monument, 63, 64
Masonic Hall, 87, 88
Meal Market, 20
Medical College Hall, 195
Mercantile Library, 28, 29, 170
Merchants' Exchange, 16
Metropolitan Hall, 148
Metropolitan Hotel, 147
Middle Dutch Reformed Church, 21, 22, 171
Middle Road, 192
Mile Stone, 143, 178, 204
Military Prison Window, 41
Milligan's Lane, 117, 118
Minetta Street, 99, 113, 114
Monroe, President James, 145, 155
Montgomery, General, 76
Monument Lane, 115, 166
Moore, Bishop Benjamin, 127, 128
Moore, Clement C., 128, 129
Morris Street, 56
Morse, Samuel F. B., 5
Morton, General Jacob, 7, 37
Morton, John, 6
Mount Pitt, 137
Mount Pitt Circus, 137
Mulberry Bend, 43
Murder of Dr. Burdell, 149, 150
Murder of Mary Rogers, 145, 146
Murderers' Row, 97
Murray Family, 199, 200, 201
Murray Farm, 200
Murray Hill, 199, 200

Nassau Street, 17, 18, 21, 22
Nean, Elias, Grave of, 71
Nean, Susannah, Grave of, 71
Negro Insurrection, 42
New Jerusalem Church, 89
New York City Marble Cemetery, 154, 155
New York Hospital, 88, 89
New York Institute, 37
New York Marble Cemetery, 151, 152, 153, 154
New York Society Library, 119, 120
New York Theatre, 170
New York Theatre and Metropolitan Opera House, 148
Niblo's Garden, 146, 147
Niblo's Theatre, 146
Nicholas William Street, 161
North Street, 150, 151

Obelisk Lane, 115
"Old Brewery", 44
Oldest Grave in Trinity Churchyard, 61
Old Guard, 7
Oliver Street, 133
Oliver Street Baptist Church, 133
Orphan Asylum, Roman Catholic, 203
Olympic Theatre, 96, 147

Paine, Thomas, Home of, 107, 108
Paisley Place, 122
Palmo Opera House, 39, 87
Parade-Ground, 181
Park, Battery, 4
" Bryant, 114, 197, 198, 199
" Central, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211
" City Hall, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
" Corlears Hook, 136
" Gramercy, 179
" Hamilton Fish, 139
" Jeanette, 13
" St. John's, 91, 92

Park Row, 47
Park Theatre (first), 30
Patti, Adelina, 148
Payne, John Howard, 36
Pauper Graveyard, 34, 114, 115, 181, 197, 204
Pearl Street, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14
Peck Slip, 12
Petticoat Lane, 8, 9
Pie Woman's Lane, 22
Pitt, William, Statue of, 18, 47, 90
Platt Street, 23
Poelnitz, "Baron", 173
Poor House in City Hall Park, 34
Post Office, 21, 33
Post Road, 47, 124, 125, 180, 181, 182, 204
Potter's Field, Bryant Park, 114, 197
Potter's Field, City Hall Park, 34
Potter's Field, Madison Square, 181
Potter's Field, Third Avenue, 204
Potter's Field, Washington Square, 114, 115
Printing-Press, First in Colony, 13
Prison Manufactures, 110
Prison Riots, 111
Prison, State, 109, 110, 111, 112

Queen's Farm, 59, 81

Rachel, the Actress, 148
"Rag Gang", 201
Randall, Robert Richard, 173, 174
Ranelagh Garden, 94
Red Fort, 92
Reservoir Square, 198
Revolutionary House, 79
Revolutionary War, First Blood of, 24
Richmond Hill, 103, 104, 105
Riley's Fifth Ward Hotel, 89, 90
Road, Abingdon, 123
" Boston Post, 183, 192, 199
" Bowery, 47, 128, 163, 164
" Fitzroy, 126, 128
" Great Kiln, 118, 121, 122
" Greenwich, 80, 81
" Middle, 192
" Post, 47, 124, 125, 180, 181, 182, 204
" Skinner, 117
" Southampton, 117, 120, 125
" Union, 117, 118, 119, 120
" Warren, 126
Rogers, Mary, Murder of, 145, 146
Rotunda in City Hall Park, 37
Ruggles, Samuel B., 180
Rutgers, Anthony, 92, 93, 94
Rutgers, Col. Henry, 135
Rutgers Farm, 135

Sailors' Snug Harbor, 173, 174
St. Ann's Church, 167
St. Gaudens, Augustus, 165
St. George's Church, 29, 179
St. George Square, 51
St. James Street, 133
St. John's Burying-Ground, 105
St. John's Church, 91
St. John's Park, 91, 92
St. Mark's Church, 86, 156, 158, 159
St. Mary's Church, 137
St. Nicholas Hotel, 145
St. Patrick's Cathedral, 203
St. Patrick's Church, 144, 145
St. Paul's Chapel, 75, 76, 77, 78
St. Paul's Churchyard, 155
St. Peter's Church, 81
Savings Bank, the First, 37
Schroeder, Rev. Dr., 167
Scudder's Museum, 37
Second East River Bridge, 137
Second Street Methodist Church, 156
Sewing Machine Exhibited, 87
Shakespeare Tavern, 27, 28
Shearith Israel Graveyard, 50, 116, 122
Sheep Pasture, 8
Shot Tower, 206
Shipyards, 134
Skinner Road, 117
Smit's V'lei, 22
Southampton, Baron, 109, 122
Southampton Road, 117, 120, 125
Sperry, John, 163
Spring Street Presbyterian Church, 102
Spring Valley Farm, 207
Stadhuis Site, 7
Stadt Huys, 12, 15
State Prison, 109, 110, 111, 112
State Street, 5, 6
Stewart, Alexander T., 85, 86, 159
Stewart Mansion, 86
Stone Street, 15
Stuyvesant's Creek, 142
Stuyvesant's Pear Tree, 160
Stuyvesant, Peter, 16, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160
Stuyvesant's Pond, 179
Stuyvesant Street, 167
Sub-Treasury Building, 18
"Suicide Slip", 95
Sunday School, the First, 161

Tammany Hall, 32, 33
Tattersall's, 95, 96
Tea Water Pump, 48
Temple, Charlotte, Tomb of, 62, 63
Temple, Charlotte, Home of, 48, 167
Tenement House, the First, 136
Ten Eyck, Conraet, 13
Tompkins, Daniel D., 159
Thames Street, 72
Theatre Alley, 31
Theatre, Academy of Music, 178
" Astor Place Opera House, 168, 169, 170
Theatre, Bowery, 49
" Broadway, 97
" Brougham's, 97
" Burton's, 39
" Laura Keene's, 147
" John Street, 26
" Metropolitan Hall, 148
" New York, 170
" New York Theatre and Metropolitan Opera House, 148
" Niblo's, 146
" Olympic, 96, 147
" Palmo's, 39, 87
" Park, 30
" Tripler Hall, 148
" Wallack's, 97, 176
" Winter Garden, 148
Thompson's Inn, Corporal, 185
Thorne, Charles R., 170
Tilden, Astor and Lenox Libraries, 199
Tin Pot Alley, 57, 58
Tombs, 41
Tompkins Blues, 7
Tontine Coffee House, 19
Tontine Society, 19
Tremont House, 149
Trinity Church, 20, 56, 58, 60, 61
Trinity Churchyard, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70,
71, 72
Tripler Hall, 148
Turtle Bay, 184, 201
Turtle Bay Farm, 201
Twenty-first Street, 124

Union Place, 177
Union Road, 117, 118, 119, 120
Union Square, 175, 177
United New Netherland Company, 2
United States Hotel, 20
Uptown Market, 74

Van Hoboken, Hermanus, 157
Vauxhall Garden (first), 84, 163
Vauxhall Garden (last), 163, 164, 170
Virgin's Path, 22

Wall, City's, 16
Wall Street, 9, 13, 16, 17, 19, 20
Wall Street, Trees in, 20
Wallack, James W., 176
Wallack's Lyceum, 97, 176
Warren, Ann, 109
Warren, Charlotte, 109
Warren Road, 126
Warren, Sir Peter, 100, 108, 109, 124
Warren, Susannah, 109
Washington Inaugurated, 17
Washington Inauguration Ball, 73
Washington's Broadway Home, 57
Washington Hall, 85
Washington's Headquarters, 11
Washington's Headquarters at Richmond Hill, 104
Washington's Home in Franklin House, 50
Washington's Pew in St. Paul's Chapel, 76
Washington Market, 74
Washington Statue in Union Square, 177
Washington Tablet, 37, 90
Washington Square, 113, 115, 172, 181, 197
Water Tank, 176
Weavers' Row, 122
Well in Broadway, 149
Well in Rivington Street, 141
Well of William Cox, 13
West Broadway, 83
West's Circus, 95
West India Co., 2
Whitehall Street, 8
Wiehawken Street, 112
William Street, 16
Window of Military Prison, 40
Winter Garden, 148
Winthrop, Francis Bayard, 201
Wolfe, Gen., Statue of, 115
World's Fair Grounds, 198
Worth Monument, 184, 185
Wreck Brook, 41