Chapter I: Front Matter

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |DISCLAIMER | | | |The articles published in the Annual Reports of the Northern Nut Growers| |Association are the findings and thoughts solely of the authors and are | |not to be construed as an endorsement by the Northern Nut Growers | |Association, its board of directors, or its members. No endorsement is | |intended for products mentioned, nor is criticism meant for products not| |mentioned. The laws and recommendations for pesticide application may | |have changed since the articles were written. It is always the pesticide| |applicator's responsibility, by law, to read and follow all current | |label directions for the specific pesticide being used. The discussion | |of specific nut tree cultivars and of specific techniques to grow nut | |trees that might have been successful in one area and at a particular | |time is not a guarantee that similar results will occur elsewhere. | | | +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

_Northern Nut Growers_
_Association_

_INCORPORATED_

_Affiliated with_

_THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY_

=REPORT=

_of the proceedings of the_

=Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting=

=DOWNINGTOWN, PA.=

_SEPTEMBER 11 and 12, 1933_

INDEX

Officers, Directors and Committees 3
State Vice-Presidents 4
List of Members 5
Constitution 8
By-Laws 9
My Butternut, A Poem, by J. H. Helmick 10
Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Annual Convention 11
Address of Rev. G. Paul Musselman 11
Report of the Treasurer 13
J. F. Jones' Experimental Work in Hybridizing Filberts and
Hazels--Miss Mildred Jones 14
Commercial Cracking of the Black Walnut--H. F. Stoke 16
Walnut Notes for 1933--C. A. Reed 20
Is Information of General Orchard Fertility of Value in the Nut
Grove--Prof. F. N. Fagan 25
Forward March of the Nut Cultural Project in Michigan--Prof.
James A. Neilson 28
Notes on the Filbert Orchard at Geneva, N. Y.--Prof. G. L. Slate 34
Developing a Walnut Grove as a Side Line by a Bee-keeper--L. K.
Hostetter 37
Nut Trees as Used in Landscaping--Dr. Lewis E. Theiss 39
My Experience in Growing Nut Trees on the Home Lawn--M. Glen
Kirkpatrick 42
Developing a Thousand Tree Improved Black Walnut Grove--C. F.
Hostetter 43
Tribute to Mr. Bixby 45
Message to Dr. Morris 46
A Black Walnut Grove and Why--Dr. Frank L. Baum 47
Nut Contests 48
Filbert Pollinization 48
Green Shoot Grafting of Trees--Dr. R. T. Morris 49
Communications from:
Robert T. Morris, M.D. 49
Prof. A. S. Colby 53
J. U. Gellatly 54
Notes on the "Tour," Tuesday, September 12, 1933 55
Notes on the Banquet, Tuesday evening, September 12, 1933 56
Address of Al. Bergstrom 57
Reports of Standing Committees 57
Reports of the Resolutions Committee 57
List of member nurserymen having budded and grafted stock 58
Exhibits at the Convention 59
Attendance 60
Books and Bulletins on Northern Nut Growing 62
Advertisements--"Hobbies Magazine" 63

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION

_President._ FRANK H. FREY, ROOM 930, LA SALLE ST. STATION, CHICAGO, ILL.

_Vice-President._ DR. G. A. ZIMMERMAN, 32 SOUTH 13TH ST., HARRISBURG, PA.

_Secretary._ GEO. L. SLATE, STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION,
GENEVA, N. Y.

_Treasurer._ NEWTON H. RUSSELL, 12 BURNETT AVE., SOUTH HADLEY, MASS.

_DIRECTORS_

FRANK H. FREY, DR. G. A. ZIMMERMAN, GEO. L. SLATE, NEWTON H. RUSSELL,
CARL F. WALKER, PROF. J. A. NEILSON.

_EDITOR OF PUBLICATIONS_

DR. W. C. DEMING.

_COMMITTEES_

_Executive._ FRANK H. FREY, DR. G. A. ZIMMERMAN, GEO. L. SLATE, NEWTON
H. RUSSELL, CARL F. WALKER, PROF. J. A. NEILSON.

_Auditing._ ZENAS H. ELLIS, CARL F. WALKER.

_Finance._ T. P. LITTLEPAGE, DR. W. C. DEMING, H. R. WEBER.

_Press and Publication._ DR. W. C. DEMING, KARL W. GREENE, DR. J. RUSSELL
SMITH, ZENAS H. ELLIS, GEO. L. SLATE.

_Membership._ NEWTON H. RUSSELL, MISS DOROTHY C. SAWYER, J. U. GELLATLY,
JOHN W. HERSHEY, D. C. SNYDER.

_Program._ PROF. J. A. NEILSON, DR. W. C. DEMING, C. A. REED, H.
BURGART, KARL W. GREENE.

_Hybrids and Promising Seedlings._ DR. G. A. ZIMMERMAN, PROF. N. F.
DRAKE, MISS AMELIA RIEHL, H. F. STOKE, J. F. WILKINSON.

_Survey._ CARL F. WALKER, DR. A. S. COLBY, H. F. STOKE, J. F. WILKINSON.

_Exhibits._ J. W. HERSHEY, MISS MILDRED JONES, H. BURGART, PROF. A. S.
COLBY.

_DEAN OF THE ASSOCIATION_

DR. ROBERT T. MORRIS, OF NEW YORK AND CONNECTICUT.

_FIELD SECRETARY_

ZENAS H. ELLIS, FAIR HAVEN, VERMONT.

_OFFICIAL JOURNAL_

NATIONAL NUT NEWS, 2810 S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STATE VICE-PRESIDENTS

Arkansas Prof. N. F. Drake

California Will J. Thorpe

Canada J. U. Gellatly

China P. W. Wang

Connecticut Dr. W. C. Deming

Dist. of Columbia L. H. Mitchell

England Howard Spence

Illinois Prof. A. S. Colby

Indiana J. F. Wilkinson

Iowa D. C. Snyder

Maryland T. P. Littlepage

Massachusetts James H. Bowditch

Michigan Harry Burgart

Minnesota Carl Weschcke

Missouri P. C. Stark

Nebraska William Caha

New York Prof. L. H. MacDaniels

New Jersey Lee W. Jaques

Ohio Harry R. Weber

Pennsylvania John Rick

Rhode Island Philip Allen

Vermont Zenas H. Ellis

Virginia Dr. Russel J. Smith

Washington D. H. Berg

West Virginia Dr. J. E. Cannaday

Wisconsin Lt. G. H. Turner

NORTHERN NUT GROWERS ASSOCIATION

List of Members as of January 1, 1934

Abbott, Mrs. Laura W., Route No. 2, Bristol, Pennsylvania.
Adams, Gerald W., R. F. D. 4, Moorehead, Iowa.
Aldrich, A. W., Route 3, Springfield, Vermont.
Allen, Edward E., Hotel Ambassador, Cambridge, Mass.
Allen, Philip, 178 Dorance St., Providence, R. I.
Andrews, Miss Frances E., 245 Clifton Ave., Minneapolis, Minn.
Anthony, A. B., Sterling, Illinois.

Ballock, J. S., 1559 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.
Bartlett, Frances A., Stamford, Connecticut.
Baum, Dr. F. L., Boyertown, Pennsylvania.
Bennett, F. H., 19 East 92nd St., New York, N. Y.
Berg, D. H., Nooksack, Washington.
Betz, Frank S. (Personal), Betz Bldg., Hammond, Indiana.
Bixby, Mrs. Willard G., 32 Grand Ave., Baldwin, N. Y.
Bontz, Mrs. Geo. I., Route No. 2, Peoria, Illinois.
* Bowditch, James H., 903 Tremont St., Boston, Mass.
Boyce, Daniel, Rt. 4, Winterset, Iowa.
Bradley, Homer, c/o Kellogg Farms, Rt. 1, Augusta, Mich.
Brown, Daniel L., 60 State Street, Boston, Mass.
Brown, Roy W., Spring Valley, Illinois.
Bryant, Dr. Ward C., 31 Federal St., Greenfield, Mass.
Buckwalter, Alan R., Flemington, New Jersey.
Burgart H., c/o Mich. Nut Nursery, Rt. 2, Union City, Michigan.

Caha, William, Wahoo, Nebraska.
Canaday, Ward M., Home Bank Building, Toledo, Ohio.
Cannaday, Dr. J. E., c/o Charleston Gen. Hosp., Charleston, West
Virginia.
Chipman, G. F., "The Country Guide," Winnipeg, Man., Canada.
Close, Prof. C. P., U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Colby, Arthur S., University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill.
Collins, Joseph N., 335 W. 87th St., New York, N. Y.
Cooley, Ralph B., Hotel Kimbal, Springfield, Mass.
Crysdale, Stanley A., R. D. 5, Auburn, N. Y.
Curtis, Elroy, Brookfield, Conn.

Deeben, Fred, Trevorton, Pennsylvania.
Deming, Dr. W. C, 31 Owen Street, Hartford, Conn.
* Drake, Prof. N. F., Fayetteville, Arkansas.

Elfgren, Ivan P., 11 Sheldon Place, Rutland, Vermont.
* Ellis, Zenas H., Fair Haven, Vermont.
Ellwanger, Mrs. W. D., 510 East Ave., Rochester, New York.
Ettari, Oscar A., 71 North Ave., New Rochelle, N. Y.

Ferris, Major Hiram B., P. O. Box 74, Spokane, Wash.
Fickes, W. R., Route 7, Wooster, Ohio.
Fontaine, Arthur, 21 Highland Ave., Ludlow, Mass.
Frey, Frank H., Room 930 La Salle St. Station, Chicago, Ill.

Gable, Jas. B., Jr., Stewartstown, Pennsylvania.
Gage, J. H., 107 Flatt Ave., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Galbreath, R. S., Huntington, Indiana.
Garber, Hugh G., 75 Fulton St., New York City, N. Y.
Gellatly, J. U., Box 19, West Bank P. O., Gellatly, British Columbia.
Gerber, E. P., Route No. 1, Apple Creek, Ohio.
Graham, J. W., Walnut Orchard Farm, Ithaca, N. Y.
Greene, Mrs. Avice M., 2203 Ridge Rd., N. W., Washington, D. C.
Greene, Karl W., 2203 Ridge Rd., N. W., Washington, D. C.
Gribbel, Mrs. John, Box 31, Wyncote, Pennsylvania.

Hahn, Albert G., Rural Route No. 6, Bethesda, Md.
Hale, Richard W., 60 State Street, Boston, Mass.
Hammond, Julian T., 3rd, D.D.S., Newtown, Pa.
Harman-Brown, Miss Helen, Croton Falls, New York.
Harrington, F. O., Williamsburg, Iowa.
Hartzell, B. F., Shepardstown, West Virginia.
Healey, Scott, R. F. D. No. 219. Otsego, Mich.
Healy, Oliver T., c/o Michigan Nut Nursery, Rt. 2, Union City, Michigan.
Helmick, James H., Columbus Junction, Iowa.
Hershey, John W., Downington, Pennsylvania.
Hilliard, H. J., Sound View, Connecticut.
Holden, Frank H., 56 West 45th St., New York City, N. Y.
Hostetter, C. F., Bird-in-Hand, Pennsylvania.
Hostetter, L. K., Route No. 5, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
* Huntington, A. M., 3 East 89th St., New York City, N. Y.
Hutchinson, Galen Otis, 691 Main Ave., Passaic, N. J.

Iowa State Horticultural Society, Des Moines, Iowa.
Isakson, Walter R., Route No. 1, Hobart, Indiana.

Jacob, C. M., Stockbridge, Mass.
Jacobs, Homer L., c/o Davey Tree Exp. Co., Kent, Ohio.
* Jaques, Lee W., 74 Waverly Place, Jersey City, N. J.
Jones Nurseries, J. F., Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

Kaan, Helen W., Wellesley, Mass.
Kaufman, M. M., Clarion, Pennsylvania.
Kellogg, Dr. J. H., 202 Manchester St., Battle Creek, Mich.
Kelly, Mortimer B., 21 West St., New York City.
Kendrick, Mrs. Jay G., 44 Main St., Shelburne Falls, Mass.
* Kinsan Arboretum, Lang Terrace, North Szechuan Rd., Shanghai, China.
Knox, Loy J., c/o First National Bank, Morrison, Ill.

Lamb, Gilbert D., Woolworth Bldg., New York, N. Y.
Lancaster, S. S., Jr., Rock Point, Maryland.
Leach, Will, Cornell Building, Scranton, Pa.
Lester, Henry, 35 Pintard Ave., New Rochelle, N. Y.
* Lewis, Clarence, 1000 Park Ave., New York City, N. Y.
Little, Norman B., Rocky Hill, Conn.
* Littlepage, Thos. P., Union Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C.

MacDaniels, L. H., c/o Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.
McIntyre, A. C., Dep't of Forestry, State College, Pa.
Mehring, Upton F., Keymar, Maryland.
Meyer, Dr. R. C. J., 1815 Third Ave., Moline, Ill.
Middleton, M. S., District Horticulturist, Vernon, British Columbia.
Miller, Herbert, Pinecrest Poultry Farms, Richfield, Pa.
Mitchell, Lennard H., 2219 California St., N. W., Washington, D. C.
* Montgomery, Robert H., 385 Madison Ave., New York City, N. Y.
* Morris, Dr. Robert T., R. F. D., Stamford, Connecticut.
Morton, Joy, Lisle, Illinois.

Neilson, Jas. A., c/o Michigan State College, East Lansing, Michigan.
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y.

Orner, George D., 751 Ridgewood Road, Maplewood, N. J.
Otto, Arnold G., 4150 Three Mile Drive, Detroit, Michigan.

Paden, Riley W., Rte. 2, Enon Valley, Penna.
Park, J. B., c/o Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Peters, E. S., 4241 Folsom Ave., St. Louis, Mo.
Pickhardt, Dr. O. C, 117 East 80th St., New York City, N. Y.
Porter, John J., 1199 The Terrace, Hagerstown, Md.
Pratt, Geo. D., Jr, Bridgewater, Connecticut.
Purnell, J. Eiger, Box 24, Salisbury, Maryland.
Putnam, Mrs. Ellen M., 129 Babson St., Mattapan, Mass.

Reed, C. A., Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Richardson, J. B., Lakeside, Washington.
* Rick, John, 438 Pennsylvania Square, Reading, Pa.
Riehl, Miss Amelia, Godfrey, Illinois.
Rowley, Dr. John C., 1046 Ashburn Ave., Hartford, Conn.
Russell, Newton H., 12 Burnett Ave., So. Hadley Falls, Mass.
Ryan, Henry E., Sunderland, Mass.

Sawyer, Dorothy C., c/o Living Tree Guild, 468 4th Ave., New York.
Sefton, Pennington, 94 Lake Ave., Auburn, N. Y.
Schlagenbusch Bros., Rt. 3, Fort Madison, Iowa.
Schlemmer, Claire D., Rt. 2, Fredericksburg, Virginia.
Schmidt, A. G., Nazareth, Pennsylvania.
Schuster, C. E., Horticulturist, Corvallis, Oregon.
Scott, Harry E., P. O. Box 191, Petersburg, N. Y.
Sherer, J. F., c/o C. T. Sherer Co., Worcester, Mass.
Slate, George L., State Agri. Exper. Station, Geneva, N. Y.
Smith, Dr. J. Russell, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania.
Smith, Leon C., 60 Day Ave., Westfield, Mass.
Snyder, D. C., Center Point, Iowa.
Spence, Howard, The Red House, Ainsdale, near Southport, England.
Spencer, Mrs. May R., 275 West Decatur St., Decatur, Ill.
Stark Bros., Nurseries, Louisiana, Missouri.
Steffee, Jno. G., 317 6th Ave., New York City, N. Y.
Stiebeling, Mrs. Anna E., 1458 Monroe St., Washington, D. C.
Stocking, Frederick N., 3456 Cadillac St., Detroit, Michigan.
Stoke, H. F., 1421 Watts Ave., Roanoke, Virginia.
Stover, Jacob E., Springwood Farms, York, Pa.
Strickland, C. H., Snow Hill, Maryland.

Taylor, C. W., 1723 Eye St., Eureka, California.
Theiss, Lewis Edwin, Muncy, Pennsylvania.
Thorpe, Will J., 1545 Divisarero St., San Francisco, Calif.
Tice, David, Savings Bank Building, Lockport, N. Y.
Turner, Lt. G. H., 932 Prospect Ave., Portage, Wisconsin.

University of Illinois Library, Urbana, Illinois.

Van Meter, W. L., Adel, Iowa.
Von Ammon S., c/o Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C.

Walker, C. F., 2851 E. Overlook Rd., Cleveland Heights, Ohio.
Watson, John F., 16 Dumont Apart, Lynchburg, Va.
* Weber, Harry R., 123 East 6th St., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Weidhass, William H., Gaston St., Easthampton, Mass.
Wellman, Sargeant, Windridge, Topsfield, Mass.
Went, Robert E., 551 McDonough St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Weschcke, Carl, 1048 Lincoln Ave., St. Paul, Minn.
Wigglesworth, Alfred.
Wilkinson, J. F., Rockport, Indiana.
Williams, Dr. Chas. Mallory, Stonington, Connecticut.
Williams, Moses, 18 Tremont St., Boston, Mass.
Windhorst, Dr. M. R., University Club Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
* Wissman, Mrs. F. de R., 9 W. 54th St., New York City, N. Y.
* Wister, John C., Clarkson Ave. and Wister St., Germantown, Pa.
Wright, Ross Pier, 235 West 6th St., Erie, Pa.

Zimmerman, Dr. G. A., 32 So. 13th St., Harrisburg, Pa.

* Life Member.

CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE I

_Name._ This Society shall be known as the NORTHERN NUT GROWERS ASSOCIATION, INCORPORATED.

ARTICLE II

_Object._ Its object shall be the promotion of interest in nut-bearing plants, their products and their culture.

ARTICLE III

_Membership._ Membership in this society shall be open to all persons who desire to further nut culture, without reference to place of residence or nationality, subject to the rules and regulations of the committee on membership.

ARTICLE IV

_Officers._ There shall be a president, a vice-president, a secretary and a treasurer, who shall be elected by ballot at the annual meeting; and an executive committee of six persons, of which the president, the two last retiring presidents, the vice-president, the secretary and the treasurer shall be members. There shall be a state vice-president from each state, dependency, or country represented in the membership of the association, who shall be appointed by the president.

ARTICLE V

_Election of Officers._ A committee of five members shall be elected at the annual meeting for the purpose of nominating officers for the following year.

ARTICLE VI

_Meetings._ The place and time of the annual meeting shall be selected by the membership in session or, in the event of no selection being made at this time, the executive committee shall choose the place and time for the holding of the annual convention. Such other meetings as may seem desirable may be called by the president and executive committee.

ARTICLE VII

_Quorum._ Ten members of the association shall constitute a quorum, but must include two of the four elected officers.

ARTICLE VIII

_Amendments._ This constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the members present at any annual meeting, notice of such amendment having been read at the previous annual meeting, or a copy of the proposed amendment having been mailed by any member to each member thirty days before the date of the annual meeting.

BY-LAWS

ARTICLE I

_Committees._ The Association shall appoint standing committees as follows: On membership, on finance, on programme, on press and publication, on exhibits, on hybrids, on survey, and an auditing committee. The committee on membership may make recommendations to the Association as to the discipline or expulsion of any member.

ARTICLE II

_Fees._ Annual members shall pay two dollars annually. Contributing members shall pay ten dollars annually. Life members shall make one payment of fifty dollars, and shall be exempt from further dues and will be entitled to same benefits as annual members. Honorary members shall be exempt from dues. "Perpetual" membership is eligible to any one who leaves at least five hundred dollars to the Association and such membership on payment of said sum to the Association will entitle the name of the deceased to be forever enrolled in the list of members as "Perpetual" with the words "In Memoriam" added thereto. Funds received therefor shall be invested by the Treasurer in interest bearing securities legal for trust funds in the District of Columbia. Only the interest shall be expended by the Association. When such funds are in the treasury the Treasurer shall be bonded. Provided; that in the event the Association becomes defunct or dissolves then, in that event, the Treasurer shall turn over any funds held in his hands for this purpose for such uses, individuals or companies that the donor may designate at the time he makes the bequest or the donation.

ARTICLE III

_Membership._ All annual memberships shall begin either with the first day of the calendar quarter following the date of joining the Association, or with the first day of the calendar quarter preceding that date as may be arranged between the new member and the Treasurer.

ARTICLE IV

_Amendments._ By-laws may be amended by a two-third vote of members present at any annual meeting.

ARTICLE V

Members shall be sent a notification of annual dues at the time they are due, and if not paid within two months, they shall be sent a second notice, telling them that they are not in good standing on account of non-payment of dues, and are not entitled to receive the annual report.

At the end of thirty days from the sending of the second notice, a third notice shall be sent notifying such members that unless dues are paid within ten days from the receipt of this notice, their names will be dropped from the rolls for non-payment of dues.

MY BUTTERNUT

The butternut crop is always sure
And raised at easy cost,
There is nothing it will not endure,
It is never harmed by frost.

The hopper and the cabbage worm
Care not to chew its leaves,
Comes weather hot or wet or cold,
This sturdy tree ne'er grieves.

It has no fear of 'tater bugs,
Or cultivation's errors,
The measly scale from San Jose,
And Green bug bring no terrors.

No squash bug races o'er its frame,
Nor caterpillar weaving,
It is never doped with Paris Green,
Yet never found a grieving.

It has no use for bumblebees,
No nodules on its feet,
But when the frost is on the pumpkin
Oft has the hay crop beat.

If you wish a crop that always comes
Without an "if" or "but,"
The surest thing in all the list,
Just plant a butternut.

JAMES H. HELMICK
Columbus Junction, Iowa

Grand-pa come out to the butter nut tree,
And crack some nuts for Nicodemus and me.]

=Report of the Proceedings=

_at the_

Twenty-fourth Annual Convention

_of the_

=Northern Nut Growers Association=

_Incorporated_

_SEPTEMBER 11, 12, 1933_

_DOWNINGTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA_

The first session convened at 9:00 A. M., September 11th at Minquas Fire Hall, with President Walker in the chair.

The President: "This is the opening of the 24th annual convention and I will introduce at once for his address of welcome, Rev. G. Paul Musselman."

Rev. G. Paul Musselman: "Thank you, Mr. Walker. It is my most pleasant duty to welcome you to Downingtown. Downingtown is quite an appropriate place for a convention because it is a place where we try to prepare beforehand for things we believe are going to happen, and try to get ready to prevent other things from happening."

Less than a mile from here to the north are stretches through the woods of infantry breastworks. Occupying that woods and those breastworks was the regiment under the command of Col. Stewart. The British were down by the Brandywine to the south, and it was supposed the British would do the logical thing, which they never do, and come up to take Downingtown, which was at that time the most important industrial area in the United States. It was the arsenal of the Revolutionary War. It has continued to grow in its industrial manufacturing until it is now important in paper manufacturing.

That we are still trying to prevent nasty things from happening is strikingly evident in the fact that we have not had to call for help to take care of the people suffering from the depression. The Community Chest had, in the beginning, adopted a policy of preparing for an emergency by creating a fund for this purpose and has been able to do its work without any other than the usual annual drive for funds.

The first paper mill in America was established by Mr. Rittenhouse and after that paper mills began to be built in this valley. We have gone through a great cycle. The farms in this community used to be farmed for money, later interest was shown in the mills and the farmer farmed without money. Again they are being farmed with money by the industrialists and bankers and city men who are coming out and buying up these old farms for country places. I am happy to state that the farms are coming into their own again. It is this class of people that are interested in such things as nut trees as something new and different.

It is Downingtown's faculty of being prepared for what is to come that makes it a particularly appropriate place for your convention. It is always a little ahead of the parade. We are proud of our local nut nursery which, in line with the spirit of the town, is just a little ahead of the parade. You too are a little ahead of the parade, so in that spirit I welcome you.

The Burgess has directed me to welcome you to Downingtown. I trust your stay will be interesting and helpful and we shall count it a privilege for you to call upon us for any further services you may require. I hope I shall be able to go on the bus trip with you but I am very busy and cannot make any promises for the moment. So, welcome!

Dr. Zimmerman: Fellow members of the convention! I am sure that it has been a pleasure to receive the fine welcome that Rev. Musselman has given us and I wish to assure him that it is a pleasure to be here. We are particularly glad to be in this district which is a land of plenty compared with other parts of the country which have suffered greatly from the depression. I am sorry that I do not live here.

We nut growers have been in the habit of thinking of growing nut trees on land which is good for nothing else, so that it is interesting to find nurseries using this good land and making a success of nut tree growing. In fact nut culture had its beginning in this district through Mr. Rush, and Mr. Jones and then Mr. Hershey.

I do not wish to take any more of your time as we have a heavy program and a lot of good speakers, and if they can add anything to nut culture, I shall be happy indeed.

Dr. Zimmerman: We welcome members of the Penna. Nut Growers Association. It is their field day tomorrow in connection with ours and we welcome them to this convention.

The President appointed the resolutions and the nominating committees.

TREASURER'S REPORT

Balance September 1, 1932 as reported to Washington
Convention $ 8.79
Stamps and Canadian money redeemed by Treasurer 3.42
Balance in Litchfield Savings Society 15.94
______

Receipts $28.15 $ 28.15

Profit on Bus Trip at Washington 15.00
Memberships @ $3.50 old rate. No Nut News 21 @ $3.50 73.50
Memberships @ $4.00 new rate. No Nut News 3 @ $4.00 12.00
Memberships @ $4.50--$3.50 to Assn. $1.00 to Nut News 2 @ $4.50 9.00
Memberships @ $5.00--$4.00 to Assn. $1.00 to Nut News 43 @ $5.00 215.00
Memberships @ $5.00 without Nut News 3 @ $5.00 15.00
Membership @ $10.00--Mr. Ellis 10.00
Membership @ $10.00 with Nut News--Mr. Neilson 10.00
Miscellaneous Receipts 9.00
_______

Total Receipts $396.65 $396.65

DISBURSEMENTS

Refund to D. C. Snyder $ 2.00
Programs Washington Convention 25.00
Paid National Nut News 38.00
Membership American Horticultural Society 3.00
C. A. Reed. Expense Washington Convention 6.70

Total $ 74.70 $ 74.70
Balance to account for $321.95
Litchfield Savings Society $ 15.94
Cash on hand or in bank 306.01
_______

Total $321.95 $321.95

J. F. Jones' Experimental Work in Hybridizing Filberts and Hazels

_By_ MILDRED JONES

_Lancaster, Pennsylvania_

The first crosses of the hybrid filberts were made in the year 1919. The small plants when taken from the nursery row were set 5 x 8 feet with the thought in mind of taking out every other bush in the rows when they began to crowd, and in case they were of value they could be transplanted to a permanent place. It was not thought that many of the plants would bear superior nuts promising enough to keep longer than to observe the type of nuts the bushes bore. The first lot of plants, which were mostly of the Barcelona cross, bore in the fall of 1924.

The object in view mainly was to produce, if possible, a variety or varieties that could be made a commercial proposition here or elsewhere in the eastern U. S. Not very much was thought at the time about the flavor or the quality of the kernel. The main thought was to get away from the corky substance adhering to the kernel of the most of the filberts. Barcelona, the main commercial nut in the West, has a lot of this, which makes the kernel unattractive and is probably more or less injurious to the digestive system because of the tannin content. After this fault was eliminated it was going to be necessary to work for size and quality of the nut.

The filbert blight has not been found on our place, so not much stress was put on the point of producing a blight-resistant or blight-free filbert. Probably if we had the filbert blight we would consider it more seriously.

The method used in crossing these hybrids was to remove the catkins on the pistillate plant at any time before they developed and scattered their pollen. The wood containing the catkins to be used for pollinating was observed closely in order to bring it in at the same time with the Rush pistillates by cutting and holding back in a cold cellar after the catkins were swelling well. This was the Barcelona which blooms very early.

The Italian Red, Cosford and Giant De Halles bloom later than the Rush so this was another problem. These were forced by cutting and putting in a sunny window. In cutting wood for pollinating, the cuttings should be large. The stored up starch in the wood then gives the catkins more to draw on. Apparently the filbert catkins and pistillates develop entirely from the stored up starch in the wood and do not draw on the roots at all. This being so it was figured they would develop just as well off the bush.

The last pollinating on the Rush was done in the spring of 1921. The catkins appeared to be all right and the limbs were cut and stored in the cellar. These were taken from the DuChilly. Finding they did not respond promptly to warmth it was seen that the catkins were drying up and getting stiff. As Father was very anxious to use this variety he tried soaking the limbs in water and then exposed them to the sun. Some of the catkins only swelled and then appeared to stop. The soaking was then repeated making it several hours and again they were exposed to the sun and warmth. Most of them developed nicely after this treatment. As those on the bush dried up and turned black it was thought probably the pollen used after treated as just mentioned was not good, but the pistillates developed promptly after being pollinated and the bush produced a large crop of nuts. I suppose these had been injured in the winter, but it would seem surprising that they could be made to develop artificially and the pollen be good.

It was found that Rush crossed Cosford made the largest nuts but the kernels of these nuts were not of the best quality.

On our eastern market I think it will be found that the longer type nuts will bring the premium in price. I find in selling the nuts that people mostly desire the longer nuts, but will take the other nuts if they cannot get the longer ones.

This past spring we tried to graft several of the most promising hybrids in the older block of trees. We used the modified cleft graft method and we set the grafts on layered plants of the Barcelona filbert which were lined out in April. We grafted them in May after the layers had started to grow. Out of 200 plants grafted we have growing 16 nice plants from 18 to 24 inches tall, an 8% stand. The roots of the Barcelona layers died also on the grafts that failed to live. I believe the main trouble in this experiment was that there was not enough root system to carry the graft rather than the fault of the grafting, as most of the grafts started to grow. We should have tried grafting on layers established one year and we will try this next spring.

We have several very promising filberts in the older block of bearing plants. The Buchanan, No. 92, was named for President Buchanan, the only President of the U. S. from Pennsylvania, whose home is in Lancaster. No. 200 is also an excellent plant and was classed by my Father as one of the best in the collection. This plant has not been given a name as yet. I would like to have a name suggested that would be suitable. These two plants just mentioned bear nuts very much the shape of Italian Red. The kernels come out with little or no corky substance on the kernel. The flavor is very good and the plants have borne very well. We have a plant called "B." Letters were given to the plants where mice got in the seed beds and mixed the nuts. The nut of this plant is more the shape of Barcelona and is very good. It also bears well.

In the younger block of plants we have quite a few promising plants but these must be tested further before we can say anything definite for or against them.

I notice considerable leaf burn in the block of hybrids since the severe storm we had two weeks ago. Quite a few of the nuts were knocked off too but there is still a good crop which you will see tomorrow.

Since my Father died we have not done any hybridizing. We hope to do so in the future as the work is very interesting.

Mr. Stoke: Year before last I bought 2 lbs. of supposedly stratified nuts. I planted them but only one or two came up. This year they have made a pretty fair start so I know it takes two years to germinate. It seems as though it sometimes takes three years because these were stratified for a year and it took them two years to come up after I had them planted. I think you could probably get some stratified nuts from Carlton Nursery Co., Carlton, Oregon. I sent to Carlton for mine but they were shipped by someone else. It is my belief that the Carlton Nursery Co. controls the supply, so you will have to write to them for them.

I have three or four dozen trees out of the first planting. They were planted in a very crowded position among walnut trees but are doing surprisingly well. The trees are now three years old and are shoulder high.

Prof. Slate: I planted some Turkish hazel nuts. They have been planted two years and have not yet come up, but I believe they will next year, as they take two years to germinate.

The following is a list of houses where seed of different species can be obtained. Submitted by the courtesy of Miss Jones:

Sources of CORYLUS

CHINENSIS
Hillier Bros., Winchester, England.
Vilmorin & Co., Paris, France.

CORYLUS COLURNA
Carlton Nursery Co., Carlton, Ore.