Chapter II: Part 2

Having an engraving of this sign, I am enabled satisfactorily to reply to Mr. Cooper's query (No. 16. p. 245.) respecting its existence. The engraving measures 17 inches and a half long, by 22 wide; it was "Published according to Act of Parliament May the 1st 1740." In the right-hand bottom corner appears "Jno Fessey Sculp.," and in the left "Joshua Kirby Delin't." It is entitled, "The North East Side of ye Sign of ye White Hart at Schoale Inn in Norfolk, built in the year 1655 by James Peck, a Merchant of Norwich, which cost 1057l., humbly Dedicated to James Betts Gent by his most Obed't Serv't Harwin Martin." The sign springs on one side from a mass of masonry, and was joined to the house on the other: it was sufficiently high to enable carriages to drive under it. As it would trespass too much on your columns were I to particularise each of the figures, I will content myself with giving the printed explanation of them from the engraving, premising that each figure is numbered:--"1. Jonah coming out of the Fishes Mouth. 2. A Lion supporting the Arms of Great Yarmouth. 3. A Bacchus. 4. The Arms of Lindley. 5. The Arms of Hobart, now Lord Hobart. 6. A Shepherd playing on his Pipe. 7. An Angel supporting the Arms of Mr. Peck's Lady. 8. An Angel supporting the Arms of Mr. Peck. 9. A White Hart, with this Motto (this is the one which 'hangs down carved in a stately wreath')--'Implentur veteris Bacchi pinguisque ferinæ Anno Dom 1655.' 10. The Arms of the late Earl of Yarmouth. 11. The Arms of the Duke of Norfolk. 12. Neptune on a Dolphin. 13. A Lion supporting the Arms of Norwich. 14. Charon carrying a reputed Witch to Hell. 15. Cerberus. 16. An Huntsman. 17. Actæon [with three dogs, and this legend, 'Actæon ego sum Dominum cognoscite vestrum']. 18. A White Hart couchant [underneath appears in the engraving the artist's name--Johannes Fairchild struxit]. 19. Prudence. 20. Fortitude. 21. Temperance. 22. Justice. 23. Diana [with two greyhounds, one of whom is chasing a hare]. 24. Time devouring an Infant [with the legend, 'Tempus edax rerum,' below]. 25. An Astronomer, who is seated on a Circumferenter, and by some Chymical Preparation is so Affected that in the fine Weather he faces that Quarter from whence it is about to come." The whole sign is drawn by a scale of half an inch to a food, and most of the figures are of the size of life. On both sides of the engraving, but distinct from the sign, are seven coats of arms. Those on the right hand are: 1. Earl of Yarmouth. 2. Cornwallis impaling 1st and 4th Buckton, 2nd Unknown, 3rd Teye. 3. Castleton. 4. Unknown. 5. Mrs. Peck [these arms are wrongly blazoned by Blomefield; they are _gules_ a fesse _argent_, between, in chief, two crescents, and in base, a lion _passant guardant_ of the same]. 6. Great Yarmouth. 7. Unknown. The arms on the opposite side are: 1. Duke of Norfolk. 2. Hobart. 3. Bacon. 4. Thurston. 5. Mr. Peck impaling his wife [his arms, too, are wrongly blazoned; they should be--Or, on a chevron engrailed gules three crosslets pattee argent]. 6. Lindley. 7. Norwich.

Mr. Cooper will find a slight notice of this sign, both in Gough's _Camden_ and in _The Beauties of England and Wales_; but both these are of later date than Mr. Cruttwell's _Tour_. I have only to add, that I should wish Mr. Cooper to _see_ the engraving. I shall be very happy to send it by post for his inspection.

CRANMORE.

* * * * *

_Parkership, Porkership, Pokership._--With every deference to the ingenious suggestions of Mr. Bolton Corney (No. 15. p. 218.), I think it will be found, on reference to the original documents, that "Pokership" is a misreading of the ancient writing for "Parkership." This question might be determined if any correspondent, acquainted with the present excellent arrangement of our records, could inform us whether the appointments under the old Earldom of March are extant. A large portion of Herefordshire was held under his tenure. Thomas Croft, of Croft, was, in 1473, "Parker" of Pembrugge, in that county: _Rot. Parl_. vi. 342. In 1485 John Amyas {324} was, by the act of settlement made on the accession of Henry VII., continued in his office "of the kepyng of our chase of Moketree in Wigmoresland under the Erledom of Marche," and Thomas Grove "in the keepying of our chase of the Boryngwood in Wigmoresland and of the 'Poulterership' and keping of the ditch of the same."

In _An Abstract of the late King's Revenues_ (printed 1651, 4to.) is this entry relating to Bringwood:--

"To Sir Robert Harley for keeping Boringwood alias Bringwood Forest
Com. Heref. 6l. 2s. 8d. per ann., for the Pokership 30s. 5d. by the
year, and for the keeping the forest of Prestwood 18s. by the
year."

In a survey made of mocktree and Bringwood Forests in 1633, it is stated, that "these Forests are stately grounds, and do feed a great and large Deer, and will keep of Red and Fallow Deer two or three thousand at the least."

These enclosures were disafforested temp. Charles II., and they now form part of the Downton Castle Estate.

W.H.C.

Temple.

_Porkership_-Accept my best thanks for your ready insertion of my observations in No. 18.; but I regret to say that the printer has unfortunately made a mistake in one word, and that, as it mostly happens, the principal one, on which the gist of my illustration in regard to the Pokership depends. The error occurs in the extract from the Pipe Roll, where the word has been printed Parcario instead of Porcario; added to which the abbreviations in the other words are wanting, which renders the meaning doubtful. It should have been printed thus:--"Et [i+] li[b+]ae const Porcario de [h+]eford,"--being, _in extenso_, "Et in liberatione constat Porcario de Hereford." Showing that in early times there was a hog warden, or person who collected the king's hog-rent in Hereford. And further, Mr. Smirke's extract in No. 17. p. 269., shows that in Henry VIII.'s time the Porcarius had become Pocarius, the fee being within 1d. of the same amount as that paid in John's reign.

May I, under these circumstances, crave a short note in your next Number, correcting the oversight, so that my Porker may be set on his legs again?

P.S.--In reference to the claim, the name of the place should be Burnford, not Barnford.

T.R.F.

Spring Gardens, March 4, 1850.

* * * * *

REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.

_Coleridge's Christabel and Byron's Lara_ (No. 17. p. 262.).--What Christabel saw is plain enough. The lady was a being like Duessa, a Spenser; a horrible-looking witch, who could, to a certain degree, put on an appearance of beauty. The difference is, that this lady had both forms at once; the one in her face, the other concealed. This is quite plain from the very words of Coleridge.

The lifting her over the sill seems to be something like the same superstition that we have in Scott's _Eve of St. John_:--

"But I had not had pow'r to come to thy bow'r,
If Though had'st not charm'd me so."

I have no doubt that Lara is the Corsair; and Kaled Gulnare, from the Corsair: the least inspection is enough to show this. Ezzelin must also be Seyd; but that does not answer quite so well. All that there is to prepare it is, that Seyd is only left for dead, in a great hurry, and therefore might recover; and that he drank wine, and therefore might be of Christian extraction. In Lara he is described as dark; but his appearance is rather confusedly related, as if he never appeared but once, and yet Otho knows him, and he has a dwelling. The shriek is more difficult. There could be no meeting, then, between Ezzelin and Lara, because Ezzelin is surprised by meeting him at Otho's. Whether the shriek may not be owing to a meeting between Kaled and Ezzelin, is in not so clear. From the splendid description of her looking down upon him, it is not proved that she there saw him first; and Ezzelin never sees her at all there.

Nothing is more interesting than these mysteries left in narrative fictions. The story of Gertude, in that first of romances, the _Promessi Sposi_, is a very great instance; and the bad taste, of bringing her up again to the subject of a story by another writer, is so extreme, that I never could look into the book. That Mazoni has left the character, whom he calls the _Innominato_, in mystery, is historical, and not of his own contrivance.

I used to think that Scott had left the part of Clara, in _St. Ronan's Well_, intentionally mysterious, as to a most important circumstance; but we learn, from his _Life_, that he meant to have made that circumstance a part of the story, but was prevented by the publisher. It is natural that the altered novel, therefore, should retain some impressions of it. I refer particularly to the latter part of the communications between her and her brother. But the meeting between her and Tyrell in the woods, and their conversation there, I now think, forbid the reader to suspect any thing like what I speak of. In such cases I do not myself wish to know too much about the matter. Sometimes the author wishes you to have the pleasure of guessing, as I think, in Lara; sometimes he means to be more mysterious; sometimes he does not know himself. It would have been idle to have asked Johnson where Ajeet went to.

C.B. {325}

_Sir William Rider_ (No. 12. p. 186).--"H.F." will find some account of the acts and deeds of Sir Thomas Lake and Dame Mary Lake his wife in the _13th Report on Charities_, p. 280, as to their gifts to Muccleston in Staffordshire. In the _24th Report_, p. 300, as to Drayton in the same county. Dame Mary Lake was also a benefactor to the parish of Little Stanmore, see _9th Report_, p. 271. See also Stow's _Survey_ 593. (ed. 1633.)

H.E.

_God tempers the Wind_ (No. 14. p. 211.; No. 15. p 236.).--The proverb is French: "A brebis tondue Dieu mesure le vent;" but I cannot tell now where to find it in print, except in Chambaud's _Dictionary_. That is why Sterne puts it into the mouth of Maria.

C.B.

_Complutensian Polyglot._--"Mr. JEBB" asks (No. 14. p. 213.), "In what review or periodical did there appear a notice of the supposed discovery of the MSS. from which the _Complutensian Polyglot_ was compiled?"

He will find an article on this subject in the _Irish Ecclesiastical Journal_ for April, 1847; from which I learn that there was a previous article, by Dr. James Thomson, one of the agents of the British and Foreign Bible Society, in the _Biblical Review_, a London periodical publication. Dr. Thomson, if I understand the matter aright, professed to have found at Madrid the MSS., so long supposed to have been lost.

There is also an article on the same subject by Dr. Bowring, in the _Monthly Repository_, vol. xvi. (1821), p. 203.

_Tickhill, God help me_ (No. 16. p. 247.).--Of Tickhill I know nothing; but Melverley in this county goes by the soubriquet of "Melverley, God help;" and the folk-lore on the subject is this:--Melverley lies by Severn side, where that river flows under the Breiddon hills from the county of Montgomery into that of Salop. It is frequently inundated in winter, and, consequently, very productive in summer. They say that if a Melverley man is asked in winter where he belongs, the doleful and downcast reply is, "Melverley, God help me;" but asked the same question in summer, he answers quite jauntily, "Melverley, and what do you think?" A friend informs me that the same story appertains to Pershore in the vale of Evesham. Perhaps the analogy may assist Mr. Johnson in respect to Tickhill.

Let me take this opportunity to add to my flim-flam on pet-names in your late Number, that Jack appears to have been a common term to designate a low person, as "every Jack;" "every man-jack;" "Jack-of-all-trades?" "Jackanapes;" &c.

B.H. KENNEDY.

Shrewsbury, Feb. 18.

_Bishop Blaise_ (No. 16. p. 247.).--Four lives of the martyr Blasius, Bishop of Sebaste in Cappadocia, are to be found in the Bollandine _Acta Sanctorum_, under the 3rd of February. It appears that the relics and worship of this saint were very widely spread through Europe, and some places seem to have claimed him as indigenous on the strength merely of possessing one of his toes or teeth. The wool-comb was one of the instruments with which he was tortured, and having become a symbol of his martyrdom, gave occasion, it would seem, to the wool-combers to claim him as their patron, and to ascribe to him the invention of their art. See Ellis's Brand's _Popular Antiquities_, vol. i. pp. 29, 30; and query whether the veneration of St. Blaise by these artizans were not peculiar to England. Blasius of Sebaste is said to have been a physician; in consequence of the persecution raised by Diocletian, he retired to a mountain named Argæus, whither all the wild beasts of the country resorted to him, and reverentially attended him. But there is a legend of another Blasius of Cæsarea in Cappadocia, who is represented as an owner of herds ([Greek: boukolos]), and remarkable for his charity to the poor. His herdsman's staff was planted over the spot where he was martyred, and grew into an umbrageous tree.

This variation of legends favours the idea that the cultus of Blasius was founded upon that of some deity worshipped in Cappadocia, whose rites and attributes may have varied in different localities.

C.W.G.

_Sangred--Judas Bell._--"BURIENSIS" inquires (p. 124.) what _sangred_ is. This term is noticed in Rock's _Church of Our Fathers_, t. ii. p. 372. In the very interesting, "Extracts from Church-warden's Accounts," p. 195., it is asked what "Judas' bell" was. I presume it to have been a bell named after, because blessed in honour of the apostle St. Jude, who, in the Greek Testament, in the Vulgate, and our own early English translations, as well as old calendars, is always called Judas, and not Jude, as a difference from Judas Iscariot.

CEPHAS.

_La Mer des Histoires._--"MR. SANSOM" (No. 18. p. 286.) has inquired, What is known of Columna's book, entitled _Mare Historiarum_? Trithemius has made mention of the work (_De Script. Eccles_. DL.), and two manuscript copies of it are preserved in the Royal Library at Paris. (B. de Montfaucon, _Biblioth. Bibliothecar. MSS._ tom ii. p. 751. Par. 1739.) Douce very properly distinguished it from _La Mer des Histoires_; but, if he wrote "Mochartus," he was in error; for _Brochart_ was the author of the Latin original, called _Rudimentum Novitiorum_, and published in 1475. As to the statement of Genebrard, that Joannes de Columna was the writer of the "_Mater_ Historiarum," I should say that the mistake was produced by confounding the words _Mer_ and _Mere_. Mr. Sansom may find all the information {326} that need be desired on this subject in Quetif et Echard, _Scriptores Ord. Præd._ tom. i. pp. 418-20. Lut. Paris, 1719. (Vid. etiam Amb. de Altamura, _Biblioth. Dominican_. p. 45. Romæ, 1677; Fabricii, _Bibl. Med. et Inf. Latin._ i. 1133. Hamb. 1734.)

R.G.

"What are _depenings_?" (No. 18. p. 277.)

The nets used by the Yarmouth herring busses were made in breadths of six feet. The necessary _depth_ was obtained by sewing together successive breadths, and each breadth was therefore called a _deepening_.[4]

ED.

[Footnote 4: From a pamphlet written about 1615, not now before us. ED.]

* * * * *

MISCELLANIES.

_Tale of a Tub._--It is generally supposed that the title of Swift's _Tale of a Tub_ was a jest originally levelled at the Puritan pulpit. It probably had served a more ancient purpose. In Bale's _Comedye concerning Three Laws_, compiled in 1538, Infidelitas says:

"Ye say they follow your law,
And vary not a shaw,
Which is a tale of a tub."

J.O.W.H.

* * * * *

A GENIUS.

(_From the German of Claudius_.)

"Friend Ass," said the Fox, as he met him one day,
"What can people mean?--Do you know what they say?"
"No, I don't," said the Ass; "nor I don't care, not I."
"Why, they say you're a GENIUS," was Reynard's reply.
"My stars!" muttered Jack, quite appall'd by the word,
"What can I have done that's so very absurd?"

* * * * *

_Dedications_ (No. 17. p. 259.).--In Villaneuva's Dedication to the Duke of Medinaceli of his _Origen Epocas y Progressos del Teatro Español_ (Madrid, 1802, sm. 4to.), the enumeration of the names, titles, and offices of his patron occupies three entire pages, and five lines of a fourth.

F.C.B.

* * * * *

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

The Percy Society have just issued a reprint of a black letter tract, entitled "A manifest Detection of the most Vyle and Detestable Use of Dice Play," which exhibits a curious picture of the tricks in vogue amongst the gamesters of the sixteenth century, and, as the Editor very justly observes, "comprises fuller explanations of terms used by Shakspeare and other old dramatists than are to be found in the notes of the commentators. The mysteries of _gowrds_ and _fullams_, _high men_ and _low men_, stumbling-blocks to many intelligent readers of the works of the Stratford Poet, are here satisfactorily revealed."

Whatever hope the projectors of the approaching _Exhibition of Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art_ entertained of forming such a collection of objects as might deserve the attention of the public generally, and accomplish the great end in view, have been more than realised. Thanks to the liberality with which the possessors of works of early art of this description, from the most distinguished personages of the realm, have placed their stores at the disposal of the committee, the very novel exhibition which will open to the public on Thursday next, will be as remarkable for its intrinsic beauty, as for its instructive and suggestive character.

We need scarcely remind lovers of fine editions of first class books that Messrs. Sotheby commence the sale of the first portion of the extensive stock of Messrs. Payne and Foss, of Pall Mall, on Monday next.

We have received from Mr. Straker, of 3. Adelaide Street, his Catalogue of English and Foreign Theology, arranged according to subject, and with an Alphabetical Index of Authors: and also Parts I. and II. of his Monthly Catalogues of Ancient and modern Theological Literature. Mr. Lilly, who has removed to No. 7. Pall Mall, has also forwarded Nos. 1. and 2. of his Catalogues of Rare, Curious, and Useful Books. Mr. Miller, of 43. Chandos Street, has just issued No. 3. for 1850 of his Catalogue of Books, Old and New: and Mr. Quarritch (of 16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) No. 14. Catalogue of Oriental and Foreign Books: and, though not least deserving of mention (by us, at all events, as he has the good taste to announce on his Catalogue "Notes and Queries SOLD"), Mr. Nield, of 46. Burlington Arcade has just issued No. 2. for 1850, in which are some Marprelate and Magical Books worth looking after.

* * * * *

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

E. VEE. "When Greeks join Greeks," &c. is a line by _NAT. LEE._ See No. 14. p. 211.

K.D.B. The following--"In Flesh-monger-street, Siward the moneyer (renders) to the King 15d. and to William de Chesney houseroom, salt and water"--is a literal translation. Correspondents must be careful not to omit letters or contractions in extracts from original records. It would in this case have been difficult correctly to render "monet" without a contraction; and "Flemangerstret," as our correspondent wrote it, might have been changed into "Fell-monger-," instead of "Flesh-monger-street." The service of "house-room, salt, and {327} water," seems a singular one; it was, of course, a kind of entertainment, or a contribution to entertainment. If the _Liber Winton_ contains no other notice of similar services, "H.D.K." will find the subject illustrated, though not the particular tenure, at pp. 260-267. of the first volume of Sir H. Ellis's _Introduction to the Great Domesday_.

Rue Strewed before Prisoners at the Bar of the Old Bailey. This custom originated in the fear of infection, at a period when Judges, &c. were liable to fall victims to gaol fever.

Erratum. No. 19. p. 307. col. 2., for "Pla_u_torum Abbreviati_s_" read "Pla_ci_torum Abbreviati_o_."

* * * * *

Just published, price 5s.

AN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT OF CUMNOR PLACE, BERKS, with Biographical Notices of the LADY AMY DUDLEY and of ANTHONY FORSTER, Esq., sometime M.P. for Abingdon; followed by some Remarks on the Statements in Sir Walter Scott's Kenilworth; and a Brief History of the Parish of Cumnor and its Antiquities. By ALFRED DURLING BARTLETT, of Abingdon.

Oxford and London: JOHN HENRY PARKER.

* * * * *

Just published, a New Edition, revised and much enlarged, of the

HISTORY OF ENGLAND from the first Invasion of the Romans, to the Accession of William and Mary, in the Year 1688. By the Rev. Dr. LINGARD. Handsomely printed in Ten large octavo Volumes, price Six Pounds, cloth lettered, and enriched with a Likeness of the Author, engraved in the best style, from a Portrait taken last year by Mr. Skaile.

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* * * * *

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MESSRS. S. LEIGH SOTHEBY and Co., Auctioneers of Literary Property and Works illustrative of the Fine Arts, will sell at their House, 3. Wellington Street, Strand, on Monday, March 18th, 1850, and Nine following Days, and on Monday, April 8th, and Nine following days, at One o'Clock precisely, the First Portion of the extensive and valuable STOCK of BOOKS of Messrs. Payne and Foss, retiring from Business: comprising interesting Publications in the Infancy of Printing, first and best Editions of the Classics, Productions of the Aldine Press, Theology and best Editions of the Fathers, French and Italian Books, Voyages and Travels, fine Books of Prints, English History and Miscellaneous Literature. Many of the Books are on Large Paper, and in Morocco and Russia bindings. To be viewed Two Days prior, and Catalogues had.

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THE DODO AND ITS KINDRED, or the History of the Dodo, the SOLITAIRE, and other extinct Birds of the Mascarene Islands. By H.E. STRICKLAND, M.A., and A.G. MELVILLE, M.D. For reviews of this work see _Blackwood's Magazine_, Jan., 1849; _Athenæum_, Feb. 10., 1849; _Westminster Review_, April, 1849; _Silliman's American Journal_, Jan., 1849; _Revue Zoologique_, Oct., 1848; _Zeitung für Zoologie_, May 20, 1849, &c.

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* * * * *{328}

ILLUSTRATED WORKS.

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