Chapter I: Front Matter

Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they are listed at the end of the text.

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{581} NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

* * * * *

No. 216.] SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17. 1853. [Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.

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CONTENTS.

NOTES:-- Page
Teaching a Dog French, by Arthur Paget 581
The Religion of the Russians 582
Leicestershire Epitaphs, by William Kelly 582
Longfellow's "Reaper and the Flowers" 583

MINOR NOTES:--"Receipt" or "Recipe"--Death of Philip III.
of Spain--Churchwardens--Epigram--Oxford Commemoration Squib,
1849--Professor Macgillivray--Manifesto of the Emperor
Nicholas 583

QUERIES:--
William Cookworthy, the Inventor of British Porcelain,
by J. Prideaux 585
Catholic Floral Directories, &c. 585
George Alsop 585

MINOR QUERIES:--B. L. M.--Member of Parliament electing
himself--"Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re"--Jacobite Garters
--Daughters taking their Mothers' Names--General Fraser--A
Punning Divine--Contango--Pedigree to the Time of Alfred--
"Service is no inheritance"--Antiquity of Fire-irons--
General Wolfe at Nantwich--"Corporations have no Souls,"
&c.--Leeming Family--MS. Poems and Songs--Bishop Watson 585

MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Herbert's "Memoirs of the Last
Years of Charles I."--"Liturgy of the Ancients"--"Ancient
hallowed Dee"--Who was True Blue?--Charge of Plagiarism
against Paley--Weber's "Cecilia"--Andrew Johnson--MS. by
Glover--Gurney's Short-hand--Spurious Don Quixote 587

REPLIES:--

Pronunciation of Hebrew Names and Words in the Bible, by
T. J. Buckton, &c. 590
Lord Halifax and Mrs. Catherine Barton, by Weld Taylor 590
Inscriptions in Books 591
Praying to the West 592
"Green Eyes," by C. Forbes, &c. 592
The Myrtle Bee, by W. R. D. Salmon 593
Tin 593
Milton's Widow 594
Books chained to Desks in Churches--Old Parochial Libraries 595
The Court-house, by P. H. Fisher 596

PHOTOGRAPHY.--On the Simplicity of the Calotype Process,
by Dr. Diamond 596

REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Belike--Stage-coaches--Birthplace
of King Edward V.--Ringing Church Bells at Death--What is
the Origin of "Getting into a Scrape?"--High Dutch and Low
Dutch--Discovery of Planets--Gloves at Fairs--Awk--Tenet--
Lovett of Astwell--Irish Rhymes--Passage in Boerhaave--
Unkid--To split Paper--La Fleur des Saints--Dr. Butler and
St. Edmund's Bury, &c. 600

MISCELLANEOUS:--
Notes on Books, &c. 606
Books and Odd Volumes wanted 607
Notices to Correspondents 607
Advertisements 608

* * * * *

Notes.

TEACHING A DOG FRENCH.

"N. & Q." the other day (Vol. viii., p. 464.) contained a curious tale of a cat: will you insert as a pendent the following one of a dog? The supposition that D. Julio was some obnoxious Frenchman protected by the Government, seems necessary to account for the "teachyng a dogg frenche" in front of his door constituting such a dire offence. His name occurs, if I remember rightly, in Dr. Dee's _Diary_ (Cam. Soc.), but I have not the book at hand to refer to. Perhaps some of your correspondents may inform me who he was. The original is in the Lansdowne MS. (114. No. 8.) in the British Museum; and the fact of its being amongst Lord Burleigh's papers shows that the occurrence took place between 1571 and 1598, the respective dates of his appointment as "l tresurer" and his death.

ARTHUR PAGET.

* * * * *

"_D. Julio's Abstract of the Deposicons of ye witnesses sworne touching ye speches of John Paget_.

"To proue that one William (sic) Paget, on the V^{th} day of this
present moneth, being Friday, betwixt VIII and IX of the clocke at
nyght, went vp and down teachyng a dogg frenche.

"1. M^{ris} Karter, a jentilwoman borne, sayeth, that about the same
tym, she did hear the said Paget, that he wold teache his dogg to speak
frenche.

"2. M^{ris} Anne Coot, a jentilwoman, affirmeth the same.

"3. One William Poyser, yeoman, sayeth, that he harde Paget saye that
he wold make his dogg speake as good frenche as any of them.

"4. James Hudson sayeth, that standing at his maisters doore he did
hear Paget speake to his dogg in a straunge language, but what language
he knew not.

"5. Edward, a grosser, is to be deposed that he harde Paget say, I will
teache my dogg to speake frenche, and was talking with his dogg in
frenche.

"To proue that the sayd Paget did say, Shortlye will come vnto the
realme frenche dogges, I hope I shall see thame all rootted out.

"1. M^{ris} Karter sayeth, she harde Paget say, Shortlie wil come vnto
the realme frenche dogges, I hope I shall see thame all rootted out.

{582}

"2. M^{ris} Anne Coot affirmeth the same.

"3. William Poyser sayeth, he harde Paget say, Within this week or two,
there will come a great many frenche dogges.

"4. M^{ris} Eleonore Borgourneci vppon her othe affirmeth the same.

"5. The l maior writteth in his l[=r]e to my l tresurer that Paget
affirmeth before him that he wold the realme were ryd of all yll
straungers, adding this qualification. [Qualification not given.]

"To proue the great assembly that was with Paget, before D. Julio
came home to his howse.

"1. John Polton saieth, when his maister came home there was about a
hundreth persone of men, women, and chyldren, vp and downe there.

"2. James Hudson sayeth, that he thinketh there was about ^{XX}IIII
people assembled in the streett before this examinat his maister came
home.

"3. Richard Preston sayeth, that there was in his iudgement aboue a
hundred people in the streett before this deponets maister came home,
and after his m^r came home the nomber of the people were greater.

"To proue that the sayd Paget did resiste to the constable when he
came to apprehend him.

"1. William Poyser sayeth, when the constable came to apprehende the
sayd Paget he kept the constable out with force, and sayd he should not
enter on him.

"2. James Hudson sayeth, Paget wold not suffer the constable to entere
vnto his howse, but sayd if any man will entere vnto this howse, yf it
were not f^r felony or treason to apprehend him, he wold kill hym, yf
he could, f^r he sayd his howse was his castell.

"3. Richard Preston sayeth, when the constable came to apprehende
Pagett, he hauing a bill or halberd in his hand, did keape him out of
his howse, and sayd, he showld not enter except it were f^r felonye or
treason, or that he brought my l maiors warrant."

* * * * *

THE RELIGION OF THE RUSSIANS.

Public attention being very particularly directed towards the Russian nation at the present time, a few remarks regarding some peculiarities in their manner of worship, &c., which probably are not generally known, may be interesting.

I have been for some time past endeavouring to determine the exact nature of the homage the Russians pay to the "gods"--whether they should be called _images_ or _pictures_? and whether the Russians should be considered idolaters or not?

Whenever a Russian passes a church, his custom is to cross himself (some do so three times, accompanying it with bowing). In every room in their houses an image (or picture) is placed in the east corner, before which they uncover their heads and cross themselves on entering.

Their churches are filled with these their representatives of the deity, and it is very curious to observe a devout Russian kissing the toe of one, crossing himself before another, while to another he will in addition prostrate himself, even with his head to the ground; this latter is also very frequently done at intervals during the celebration of their services: but their churches are always open, so that if any one wants to pay devotion to a particular image (or picture) while no service is going on, he can do so.

I understand that they consider they worship the deity through these representations. In the present day these gods are called _obraaz_, of which the literal translation is _image_. The old Sclavonic word for them is _eekona_, which was formerly in general use, and has exactly the same meaning, answering to the Greek word [Greek: eikon]. As far as I can make out, neither of these words can be translated _picture_; but I do not remember to have found this point touched upon in any books I I have read on Russia or its religion; and hope, if any correspondent is able to give us farther information on the subject, he will do so.

The Russians also believe in relics, in their efficacy in healing diseases, working other miracles, &c. Notwithstanding this, a very short time ago, a new relic was found in the south of Russia, and a courier being immediately despatched with it to the Emperor at St. Petersburg; on his arrival, his Imperial Majesty (expecting some important news regarding his operations in the neighbourhood of Turkey), when told his errand, exclaimed, "Away with the relic! it is time to put an end to such nonsense." Would that this were to be carried out! But their superstitions seem too deeply rooted to be done away with in a short time.

J. S. A.

* * * * *

LEICESTERSHIRE EPITAPHS.

Having seen only one epitaph from this county among those which have appeared in "N. & Q.," I annex a few specimens, which you may perhaps deem worth inserting in your pages.

Burbage:

"These pretty babes, who we did love,
Departed from us like a dove;
These babes, who we did much adore,
Is gone, and cannot come no more."

Hinckley:

"My days on earth they were but few,
With fever draughts and cordials few,
They wasted like the morning dew."

Braunstone:

"All triumph yesterday, to-day all terror!
Nay, the fair morning overcast ere even:
Nay, one short hour saw well and dead, War's mirror
Having Death's swift stroke unperceived given."

{583}

Another:

"An honest, prudent wife was she;
And was always inclin'd
A tender mother for to be,
And to her neighbours kind."

Belgrave. This I quote from memory; it may not be verbally, but it is substantially correct:

"Laurance Stetly slumbers here;
He lived on earth near forty year;
October's eight-and-twentieth day
His soul forsook its house of clay,
And thro' the pure ether took its way.
We hope his soul doth rest in heaven.
1777."

Newtown Linford, adjoining Bradgate Park. In this churchyard is a tombstone on which is engraved only the letters of the alphabet and the simple numerals. The story goes, that he who lies below, an illiterate inhabitant of the village in the last century, whose name, I believe, is now forgotten, being very anxious that, after death, a tombstone should be erected to perpetuate his memory, and being fearful that his relatives might neglect to do so, came to Leicester to purchase one himself. Seeing this stone in the mason's workshop (where it was used by the workmen as a pattern for the letters and figures), he bought it "a bargain," supposing it would serve his purpose as well as a new one, and after his decease it was placed at the head of his grave, where it now appears.

All Saints' churchyard, Leicester. On two children of John Bracebridge, who were both named John, and died infants:

"Both John and John soon lost their lives,
And yet, by God, John still survives."

Throsby (_Hist. of Leic._) relates that Bishop Thurlow, at one of his visitations, had the words _by God_ altered to _thro' God_.

WILLIAM KELLY.

Leicester.

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LONGFELLOW'S "REAPER AND THE FLOWERS."

On looking over, a short time ago, a book of German songs, I was much struck by the similarity of thought, and even sometimes of expression, between the above piece from Mr. Longfellow's _Voices of the Night_, and a song by Luise Reichardt, a few verses of which I subjoin; as perhaps the song may not be known to some of your correspondents.

"It is a favourite theme," as Sir W. Scott says, "of laborious dulness
to trace such coincidences, because they appear to reduce genius of the
higher order to the usual standard of humanity, and of course to bring
the author nearer to a level with his critics."

It is not, however, with the view of detracting from the originality of Mr. Longfellow, that these two small pieces are put side by side; for possibly the song alluded to was never seen by our transatlantic neighbour, but merely for the purpose of showing how the poets treat the same, and certainly not very novel subject.

"DER SCHNITTER TOD.
(Von Luise Reichartdt.)
"Es ist ein Schnitter, der heisst Tod,
Der hat Gestalt vom hoechsten Gott.
Heut' wetzt er das Messer,
Es schneid't schon viel besser,
Bald wird er drein schneiden,
Wir muessen's nur leiden.
Huete dich, schoen's Bluemelein!

"Was heut' noch gruen und frisch dasteht,
Wird morgen schon hinweg gemaeht;
Die edlen Narzissen,
Die Zierden der Wiesen
Die schoen' Nyagnithen,
Die turkischen Binden.
Huete dich, schoen's Bluemelein!

"Viel hundert tausend ungezaehlt,
Was nur unter die Sichel faellt:
Ihr Rosen, ihr Lilien,
Euch wird er austilgen,
Auch die Kaiserkronen
Wird er nicht verschonen,
Huete dich, schoen's Bluemelein!

"Trotz, Tod! Komm her, ich fuercht' dich nicht!
Trotz, eil daher in einem Schnitt!
Werd' ich nur verletzet,
So werd' ich versetzet,
In den himmlischen Garten,
Auf den wir alle warten,
Freue dich, schoen's Bluemelein!"

J. C. B.

* * * * *

Minor Notes.

_"Receipt" or "Recipe."_--In one of Mr. Ryle's popular tracts, "_Do you pray?_" Wertheim and Mackintosh: London, 1853, occurs the following expression, p. 18.:

"What is the best _receipt_ for happiness?"

Is the use of "receipt" for "recipe" to be admitted into the English language?

W. E.

_Death of Philip III. of Spain._--D'Israeli, in his _Curiosities of literature_, states to the effect that this kings fatal illness was induced by the overheating of a brazier, whereof state etiquette forbad the removal until the person in regular attendance should arrive. For this statement he quotes no authority, and consequently MR. BOLTON CORNEY, in his _Illustrations of the Curiosities of Literature_ (2nd ed., p. 87.), discredits the story.

It is singular that MR. CORNEY should have forgotten that the anecdote is given by the Marechal {584} de Bassompierre, who was at Madrid at the time of the king's death; the Marechal's informant was the Marquis de Pobar, _who was present at the scene_. Is not this sufficient? (See _Memoires de Bassompierre_, under the date of 11th of March, 1621, vol. i. p. 548. of the edition of Cologne, 1665.)

C. V.

_Churchwardens._--In an old scrap-book in my possession, I met with the following, which, should you deem it of sufficient interest, I shall be glad to see inserted in "N. & Q." The print appears to be about sixty or seventy years old, and evidently from a newspaper:

"The institution of churchwardens is of remote antiquity, they having
been first appointed at the African Council, held under Celestine and
Boniface, about the year of our Lord 423. These officers have at
different periods been distinguished by different appellations,
_Defensores_, _Oeconomi_, and _Praepositi Ecclesiae_, _Testes
Synodales_, &c. In the time of Edward III. they were called Church
Reves, as we read in Chaucer:

'Of church reves, and of testamentes,
Of contractes, and of lacke of sacramentes.'

At this day they are called Churchwardens; all those names being
expressive of the nature of the office, which is to guard, preserve,
and superintend the rights, revenues, buildings, and furniture of the
church. In an old churchwarden's book of accounts, belonging to the
parish of Farringdon, in the county of Berks, and bearing date A.D.
1518, there is the form of admitting churchwardens into their office at
that period, in the following words: 'Cherchye Wardenys, thys shall be
your charge: to be true to God and to the cherche: for love nor for
favor off no man wythin thys parriche to withold any ryght to the
cherche; but to resseve the dettys to hyt belongythe, or else to go to
the devell.'"

Your readers will observe that the last is a very summary kind of sentence. Any farther information relating to the institution of churchwardens[1] will be esteemed by

J. B. WHITBORNE.

[Footnote 1: On the institution of churchwardens consult Burn's _Ecclesiastical Law_, tit. Churchwardens; and the works noticed in "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 359.]

_Epigram._--In an old book I found this epigram, published in 1660, more suitable perhaps for your columns during the excitement of the Papal aggression than now:

"ON ROME.
"Hate and debate Rome through the world hath spread,
Yet Roma, amor is, if backward read;
Then is it strange, Rome hate should foster? no,
For out of backward love, all hate doth grow."

ALIQUIS.

Edinburgh.

_Oxford Commemoration Squib_, 1849.--The following _jeu d'esprit_ was circulated in Oxford at the Commemoration in 1849; it created a great sensation at the time, from its clever allusion to the political changes on the other side of the channel, and, I think, deserves to be rescued from oblivion by a place in the columns of "N. & Q.:"

"LIBERTY! FRATERNITY! EQUALITY!

"Citizen Academicians,

"The cry of Reform has been too long unheard. Our infatuated rulers
refused to listen to it. The term of their tyranny is at length
accomplished. The Vice-Chancellor has fled on horseback. The Proctors
have resigned their usurped authority. The Scouts have fraternised with
the friends of liberty. The University is no more. A Republican Lyceum
will henceforth diffuse light and civilisation. The hebdomadal board is
abolished. The Legislative Powers will be entrusted to a General
Convention of the whole Lyceum. A Provisional Government has been
established. The undersigned citizens have nobly devoted themselves to
the task of administration.

(Signed) "Citizen CLOUGH (_President of the Executive Council_).
SEWELL.
BOSSOM (_Operative_).
JOHN CONINGTON.
WRIGHTSON."

Your academical readers will appreciate the signatures.

TEWARS.

_Professor Macgillivray._--The mention by W. (Vol. viii., p. 467.) of this lamented naturalist's posthumous work, descriptive of the _Natural History of Balmoral_, and of its intended publication by Prince Albert, induces me to hope that you will give insertion to the following extract from Professor Macgillivray's _History of the Molluscous Animals of Aberdeenshire_, &c., as showing the character of the man, and the spirit in which he prosecuted his researches.

"The labour required for such an investigation cannot be at all
appreciated by those who have not directed their energies towards such
an object. The rocky coasts and sandy beaches of the sea, the valleys
and hills of the interior, the pastures, mossy banks, thickets, woods,
rocks, ruins, walls, ditches, pools, canals, rills, and rivers, were
all to be assiduously searched. No collections of mollusca made in the
district were known to me, nor do any of our libraries contain the
works necessary to be consulted, although that of King's College
supplies some of great value. In a situation so remote from the great
centres of civilisation, the solution of doubts is often difficult of
attainment, and there is always a risk of describing as new what may
already have been entered into the long catalogue of known objects. But
the pleasure of continually adding to one's knowledge, the sympathy of
friends, the invigorating influence of the many ramblings required, the
delight of aiding others in the same pursuits, and many other
circumstances, amply suffice to carry one through greater difficulties
than those alluded to, even should the sneers of the {585}
ignorantly-wise, or the frowns of the pompously-grave, be directed
toward the unconscious wight, who, immersed in mud, gropes with the
keenness of a money-gatherer, for the to them insignificant objects,
which have exercised the wisdom and the providence of the glorious
Creator."--Preface, p. 10.

J. MACRAY.

_Manifesto of the Emperor Nicholas._--Some of the newspapers, having stated that the concluding Latin words in this manifesto--"Domine in te speravi, ne confundar in eternum"--are from the Psalms, I beg to say that these words are not taken from the Scriptures of either Testament, nor from the Apocrypha; but constitute the last verse of the "Te Deum," commencing, "We acknowledge thee to be the Lord," and ending, "O Lord, in thee have I trusted, let me never be confounded." It is usual to sing "Te Deum" after victories, but Nicholas begins his song _before_ he achieves one: taking the _last_ verse _first_.

T. J. BUCKTON.

Lichfield.

* * * * *

Queries.

WILLIAM COOKWORTHY, THE INVENTOR OF BRITISH PORCELAIN.

In endeavouring to revive the neglected memory of this good and great man, I have carefully looked over the chief periodicals of his day (1730 to 1780) with very little success; perhaps because those I have at command, the _Gentleman's Magazine_, _Universal Magazine_, and _Universal Museum_, were not those selected for his correspondence.

If any of your readers can refer me to any papers or essays of his, or any details of the internal management of his China works, or of his public or private life, it will be doing me a great favour.

What I have hitherto collected are chiefly fragmentary accounts of his life and character; general notices of his discovery of the China clay and stone, of the progress of his manufactory, and of his treatment of British cobalt ores; details of his experiments on the distillation of sea-water for use on ship-board; a treatise in detail on the divining rod; and several of his private letters, chiefly religious.

Most of these I have thrown out in print, under the title of _Relics of William Cookworthy, &c._, which I am desirous of making much more complete.

J. PRIDEAUX.

* * * * *

CATHOLIC FLORAL DIRECTORIES, ETC.

More than a year ago (Vol. vi., p. 503.) I made a Query respecting Catholic Floral Directories, and two works in particular which were largely quoted in Mr. Oakley's _Catholic Florist_, Lond. 1851; and I again alluded to them in Vol. vii., p. 402., but have not got any reply. The two works referred to, viz. the _Anthologia Borealis et Australis_, and the _Florilegium Sanctorum Aspirationum_, are not to be heard of anywhere (so far as I can see) save in Mr. Oakley's book. During the last year I have ransacked all the bibliographical authorities I could lay hold of, and made every inquiry after these mysterious volumes, but all in vain.

The orthography and style of the passages cited are of a motley kind, and most of them read like modern compositions, though here and there we have a quaint simile and a piece of antique spelling. In fact they seem more like imitations than anything else; and I cannot resist the temptation of placing them on the same shelf with McPherson's _Ossian_ and the poems of Rowley. In some places a French version of the _Florilegium_ is quoted: even if that escaped one's researches, is it likely that two old English books (which these purport to be), of such a remarkable kind, should be unknown to all our bibliographers, and to the readers of "N. & Q.," among whom may be found the chief librarians and bibliographers in the three kingdoms. Is it not strange also that Mr. Oakley and his "compiler" decline giving any information respecting these books?

I shall feel extremely obliged to any correspondent who will clear up this matter, and who will furnish me with a list of Catholic Floral Directories.

EIRIONNACH.

* * * * *

GEORGE ALSOP.

George Alsop was ordained deacon 1666-67, priest 1669, by Henry King, Bishop of Chichester. He printed in 1669--

"An Orthodox Plea for the Sanctuary of God, Common Service, and White
Robe of the House. Printed for the Author, and sold by R. Reynolds, at
the Sun and Bible in the Postern."

It is a small 8vo. of eighty-six pages, exclusive of the dedication to the Bishop of Chichester, and an Epistle to the Reader, and has a portrait of the author by W. Sherwin.

Can any of your readers give me any account of this George Alsop, his preferment, if any, and the time of his death?

He is, I feel persuaded, a different person from the author of _A Character of Maryland_, 12mo., 1666.

P. B.

* * * * *

Minor Queries.

_B. L. M._--What is the meaning of the abbreviation B. L. M. in Italian epistolary correspondence? I have reason to believe that it is used {586} where some degree of acquaintance exists, but not in addressing an entire stranger. In a correspondence now before me, one of the writers, an Italian gentleman, uses it in the subscription to _every one_ of his letters, _except the first_, thus:

"Ho l'honore d' essere col piu profondo rispetto B. L. M.
Il di Lei Umiliss. Dev. Servo."

"Frattanto la prego di volermi credere nella piu ampla estentione del
termine B. L. M.
Il di Lei Ubb^o. ed Obligato Servitore."

I need not add more examples. There is nothing in Graglia's _Collection of Italian Letters_ that explains it.

J. W. T.

Dewsbury.

_Member of Parliament electing himself._--In the biographical notices of the author of an _Inquiry into the Rise and Growth of the Royal Prerogative in England_, 1849, I find the following curious circumstances:

"The writ for election (of a member for the county of Bute) was
transmitted to the sheriff, Mr. McLeod Bannatine, afterwards Lord
Bannatine. He named the day, and issued his precept for the election.
When the day of election arrived, Mr. Bannatine was the only freeholder
present. As freeholder he voted himself chairman of the meeting; as
sheriff he produced the writ and receipt for election, read the writ
and the oaths against bribery at elections; as sheriff he administered
the oaths of supremacy, &c., to himself as chairman; he signed the
oaths as chairman and as sheriff; as chairman he named the clerk to the
meeting, and called over the roll of freeholders; he proposed the
candidate and declared him elected; he dictated and signed the minutes
of election; as sheriff he made an indenture of election between
himself as sheriff and himself as chairman, and transmitted it to the
crown office."

Can any of your correspondents furnish me with a similar case?

H. M.

Peckham.

"_Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re._"--This rule is strongly recommended by Lord Chesterfield in one of his letters, as "unexceptionably useful and necessary in every part of life." Whence is it taken, and who is its author?

J. W. T.

Dewsbury.

_Jacobite Garters._--Can any of your readers inform me of the origin of the "rebel garters," a pair of which I possess, and which have been carefully handed down with other Stuart relics by my Jacobin fathers?

They are about 4 feet long, and 1-1/4 inch deep, of silk woven in the loom; the pattern consists of a stripe of red, yellow, and blue, once repeated, and arranged so that the two blue lines meet in the centre. At each end, for about six or seven inches, and at spaces set at regular intervals, these lines of colour are crossed, so as to form a check or tartan; the spaces corresponding with the words in the following inscription, and one word being allotted to each space:

"_Come lett us with one heart agree_"

and it is continued on the other:

"_To pray that God may bless P. C._"

The tartan, however, does not appear to be the "Royal Stuart."

Probably they were distributed to the friends and adherents of poor Prince Charles Edward, to commemorate some special event in his ill-fated career. But it would be interesting to know if many of them remain, and, if possible, their correct history.

E. L. I.

_Daughters taking their Mothers' Names._--Can any of your readers favour me with any instances, about the time of the first, second, and third Edwards, of a daughter adding to her own name that of the mother, as Alicia, daughter of Ada, &c.

BURIENSIS.

_General Fraser._--Have there been any _Life_ or _Memoirs_ ever published of General Fraser, who fell in Burgoyne's most disastrous campaign? If any such exist I should be glad to know of them.

W. FRASER.

Tor-Mohun.

_A Punning Divine._--Wanted the whereabouts of the following sentence, which is said to be taken from a volume of sermons published during the reign of James I.:

"This _dial_ shows that we must _die all_; yet notwithstanding, _all
houses_ are turned into _ale houses_; our _cares_ into _cates_; our
_paradise_ into a _pair o' dice_; _matrimony_ into a _matter of money_,
and _marriage_ into a _merry age_; our _divines_ have become _dry
vines_; it was not so in the days of _Noah_,--O no!"

W. W.

Malta.

_Contango._--A technical term in use among the sharebrokers of Liverpool, and I presume elsewhere, signifying a sum of money paid for accommodating either a buyer or seller by carrying the engagement to pay money or deliver shares over to the next account-day. Can your correspondents say from whence derived?

AGMOND.

_Pedigree to the Time of Alfred._--Wapshott, a blacksmith in Chertsey, holds lands held by his ancestors temp. Alfred (McCulloch's _Highlands_, vol. iv. p. 410.). Can this statement be confirmed in 1853?

A. C.

"_Service is no inheritance._"--Will you or any of your readers have the goodness to inform me {587} what is the origin of the adage occurring twice in the _Waverley Novels_, thus:

"Service, I wot, is no inheritance now-a-days; some are wiser than
other some," &c. (See _Peveril of the Peak_, chap. xiv.)

and

"Ay, St. Ronan's, that is a' very true,--but service is nae
inheritance, and as for friendship it begins at hame."--_St. Ronan's
Well_, chap. x.

I have seen a stone in an old building in the north of Scotland, with the following inscription, cut in letters of an ancient form: "Be gude in office, or (or perhaps 'for,' part of the stone being here broken off) servitude is no inheritance to none." And I am curious to know the origin of this proverb, so similar to that put by Sir Walter Scott in the mouths of two of his homely characters; the one English and the other Scotch. An answer will very much oblige

G. M. T.

Edinburgh.

_Antiquity of Fire-irons._--In an old book, published 1660, I met with the following couplet:

"The burnt child dreads the fire; if this be true,
Who first invented tongs its fury knew."

Query, When were fire-irons first used?

ALIQUIS.

_General Wolfe at Nantwich._--I observe in the pamphlet entitled _Historical Facts connected with Nantwich and its Neighbourhood_, lately referred to in "N. & Q.," it is stated that according to local tradition General Wolfe, the hero of Quebec, may in his boyhood have lived in the Yew Tree House, near Stoke Hall. Now as this brave warrior was a native of Kent, it is scarcely probable he would have been a visitor at the house alluded to, unless he had relatives who resided there. Is he known to have had any family connexion in that quarter, since the fact of his having had such, if established, would tend to confirm the traditionary statement respecting his domicile at the Yew Tree House?

T. P. L.

Manchester.

_"Corporations have no Souls," &c._--It was once remarked that public corporations, companies, &c. do harsh things compared with what individuals can venture to do, the fact being that they have neither noses to be pulled nor souls to be saved; you have no hold upon them either in this world or the next.

B.

_Leeming Family._--A member of the Society of Friends, named Thomas Leeming, lived at or near Wighton in the Wolds, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, between the years 1660 and 1670. What were the dates of his birth and death? what were the names of his parents, his brothers, and his children? did any of them leave their native country? and how would a letter from the inquirer reach a descendant of the family, who could furnish farther information on the subject? An answer to the whole or part of the above Queries will much oblige the undersigned.

W.

_MS. Poems and Songs._--In the third volume of MR. PAYNE COLLIER'S invaluable _History Of English Dramatic Poetry_, p. 275., it is stated,--

"Mr. Thorpe, of Bedford Street, is in possession of a MS. full of songs
and poems, in the handwriting of a person of the name of Richard
Jackson, all copied prior to the year 1631, and including many
unpublished pieces by a variety of celebrated poets."

Can any of the contributors to "N. & Q." oblige P. C. S. S. by informing him where this MS. now exists, and whether the whole, or any portion of it, has been published?

P. C. S. S.

_Bishop Watson._--In a lecture delivered by this bishop at Cambridge, he gave the following quotation:

"Scire ubi aliquid invenire posses, ea demum maxima pars eruditionis est."

Will any of your readers inform me whence the passage is taken?

G.

* * * * *

Minor Queries with Answers.

_Herbert's "Memoirs of the Last Years of Charles I."_--Can any of your correspondents inform me under what title and at what date Sir Thomas Herbert's _Narrative of the Last Years of Charles I._ was published? I have at present in my possession what appears to be the original MS., and am desirous of comparing it with the printed copy. The MS. bears the title of _Carolina Threnodia: a Plain and very Particular Narrative of what happened in the Last Years of King Charles the First_, by Sir Thomas Herbert, an eye and ear witness. Its opening pages contain a reference to other letters on the same subject of an earlier date (May 1 and 13, 1678). Were these letters ever published, under what title, and when?

J. B.

Prestwich.

[This work has already been incidentally noticed in our Second Volume,
pp. 140. 220. and 476.; and in Vol. iii., p. 157. Two editions of
Herbert's Memoirs have been published; the first in 1702, and the
second in 1813. The edition of 1702 is the best, as it contains an
"Advertisement to the Reader," and several documents omitted in the
edition published by G. and W. Nicol of Pall Mall in 1813. The
following is the title to it:--

"Memoirs of the Two last Years of the Reign of that unparallel'd
Prince, of ever-blessed Memory, King Charles I. By Sir Tho. Herbert,
Major Huntington, {588} Col. Edw. Coke, and Mr. Hen. Firebrace. With
the Character of that Blessed Martyr, by the Reverend Mr. John Diodati,
Mr. Alexander Henderson, and the Author of the _Princely Pelican_. To
which is added, the Death-Bed Repentance of Mr. Lenthal, Speaker of the
Long Parliament; extracted out of a Letter written from Oxford, Sept.
1662. London: printed for Robert Clavell, at the Peacock, at the
West-end of St. Paul's, 1702,"

The "Advertisement to the Reader" states that, "there having been of
late years several Memoirs printed and published relating to the life
and actions of the Royal Martyr, King Charles I., of ever-blessed
memory, it was judged a proper and seasonable time to publish Sir
Thomas Herbert's _Carolina Threnodia_, under the title of his
_Memoirs_, there being contained in this book the most material
passages of the two last years of the life of that excellent and
unparallel'd prince, which were carefully observ'd and related by the
author in a large answer of a letter wrote to him by Sir William
Dugdale. In the same book is printed Major Huntington's relation made
to Sir William of sundry particulars relating to the King; as also
Colonel Edw. Coke's and Mr. Henry Firebrace's narratives of several
memorable passages observed by them during their attendance on him at
Newport, in the Isle of Wight, anno '48. All these were copied from a
MS. of the Right Reverend the Bishop of Ely, lately deceased; and, as I
am credibly informed, a copy of the several originals is now to be seen
amongst the Dugdale MSS. in Oxford library. To these Memoirs are added
two or three small tracts, which give some account of the affairs of
those times, of the character of K. Charles I., and of his just claim
and title to his _Divine Meditations_. These having been printed anno
1646, 48, 49, and very scarce and difficult to procure, were thought
fit to be reprinted for publick service. As to the letter which gives
an account of Mr. Lenthal's carriage and behaviour on his death-bed, it
was printed anno 1662, and the truth of it attested by the learned Dr.
Dickenson, now living in St. Martin's Lane.... This I thought fit to
advertise the reader of, by way of introduction, that he might be
satisfied of the genuineness of the respective pieces, and thereby be
encouraged to peruse them with confidence and assurance."]

"_Liturgy of the Ancients._"--Who was the author of a thin 4to. book entitled _The Liturgy of the Ancients represented, as near as may be, in English Forms, &c._, "London, printed for the Authour, 1696." He added to it "A Proposal of a compleat work of Charity."

T. G. LOMAX.

Lichfield.

[Edward Stephens is the author of this Liturgy, who describes himself
as "late of Cherington, co. Gloucester, sometime barrister-at-law of
the Hon. Society of the Middle Temple, and since engaged, by a very
special Divine Providence, in the most sacred employment." He farther
informs us, that "when it pleased God to discharge him from the civil
service, his first business in public was a gentle and tacit admonition
of the neglect of the most solemn and peculiar Christian worship of God
in this nation; accompanied by such public acts in the very heart of
the chief city, as made it a most remarkable witness and testimony
against them who would not receive it, but rejected the counsel and
favour of God towards them." Stephens's Liturgy has been republished by
the Rev. Peter Hall, in his _Fragmenta Liturgica_, vol. ii., who thus
notices the author:--"Stephens was the leader of a class by no means
contemptible, though himself as odd a mixture of gravity and
scurrility, learning and trifling, pietism that could stoop to
anything, and liberalism that stuck at nothing, as English theology
affords." Some account of Edward Stephens will be found in Leslie's
_Letter concerning the New Separation_, 1719; and in _An Answer to a
Letter from the Rev. C. Leslie, concerning what he calls the New
Separation_, 1719. Stephens advocated the practice of daily communion.]

"_Ancient hallowed Dee._"--What is the historical, traditional, or legendary allusion in this epithet, bestowed by Milton on the river Dee?

J. W. T.

Dewsbury.

[Dee's divinity was Druidical. From the same superstition, some rivers
in Wales are still held to have the gift or virtue of prophecy.
Giraldus Cambrensis, who wrote in 1188, is the first who mentions Dee's
sanctity from the popular traditions. In Spenser, this river is the
haunt of magicians:

"Dee, which Britons long ygone
Did call DIVINE."

And Browne, in his _Britannia's Pastorals_, book ii. s. 5., says,

"Never more let HOLY Dee,
Ore other rivers brave," &c.

Much superstition was founded on the circumstance of its being the
ancient boundary between England and Wales; and Drayton, in his tenth
Song, having recited this part of its history, adds, that by changing
its fords it foretold good or evil, war or peace, dearth or plenty, to
either country. He then introduces the Dee, over which King Edgar had
been rowed by eight kings, relating to the story of Brutus. See more on
this subject in Warton's note to line 55. in Milton's _Lycidas_:

"Now yet where Deva spreads her wizard stream."

_Who was True Blue?_--In the churchyard of Little Brickhill, Bucks, is a table monument bearing the following inscriptions:

"Here lieth y^e body of _True Blue_, who departed this life January y^e
17th, 1724-5, aged 57. Also y^e body of Eleanor, y^e wife of _True
Blue_, who departed this life January 21st, 1722-3, ageed (sic) 59."

Who was "True Blue?" If it were not for his wife Eleanor, one would take him to be some kin to "Eclipse" or "Highflyer." Lysons makes no mention of such a person; nor, I am assured by a friend who has made the search for me, does Lipscomb; although another friend referred me there under the conviction that he was not only named, but that his history was given. The kind {589} of tombstone is sufficient to show that he was a person of some property, and yet he has not only no "Esq." affixed to his name, but it is without the prefix "Mr." One can scarcely doubt that the name is not a real one. Browns, Blacks, Whites, and Greens there are in abundance, but nobody ever heard of a "Blue;" nor, so far as I know, did anybody ever christen his child "True." Yet what could have been the incidents of a life that required the fiction to be carried even to the grave?

G. J. DE WILDE.

[The foregoing monumental inscription is given in Lipscomb's _Bucks_,
vol. iv. p. 76., to which is subjoined the following note:--"The
singularity of this name has occasioned much curiosity; but no
information can be obtained besides that of _True Blue_ having been a
stranger, who settled here, and acquired some property, which after his
decease was disposed of. It has been conjectured that he lived here
under a feigned name. One Hercules True, about 1645, kept a house at
Windsor, to which deer-stealers were accustomed to resort; and he
uttered violent threats against a person, whose son, having been killed
in attempting to resist the deer-stealers in the Great Park, Thomas
Shemonds prosecuted the murderers, and True declared he would knock his
brains out, and is believed to have afterwards absconded."]

_Charge of Plagiarism against Paley._--Has any reply been made to the accusation against Paley, brought forward some years ago in _The Athenaeum_? It was stated (and apparently proved) that his _Natural Theology_ was merely a translation of a Dutch work, the name of whose author has escaped my recollection. I suppose the archdeacon would have defended this shameful plagiarism on his favourite principle of expediency. It seems to me, however, that it is high time that either the accusation be refuted, or the culprit consigned to that contempt as a man which he deserved as a moralist.

FIAT JUSTITIA.

[We have frequently had to complain of the loose manner in which
Queries are sometimes submitted to our readers for solution. Here is a
specimen. The communication above involves two other Queries, which
should have been settled before it had been forwarded to us, namely, 1.
In what volume of the _Athenaeum_ is the accusation against Paley made?
and, 2. What is the title of the Dutch work supposed to be pirated?
After pulling down six volumes of the _Athenaeum_, we discovered that
the charge against Paley appeared at p. 803. of the one for the year
1848, and that the work said to be pirated was written by Dr. Bernard
Nieuwentyt of Holland, and published at Amsterdam about the year 1700.
It was translated into English, under the title of _The Religious
Philosopher_, 3 vols. 8vo., 1718-19. The charge against Paley has been
ably and satisfactorily discussed in the same volume of the _Athenaeum_
(see pp. 907. 933.), and at the present time we have neither "ample
room nor verge enough" to re-open the discussion in our pages.]

_Weber's_ "_Cecilia._"--Can you inform me whether a work by Gottfried Weber, entitled _Cecilia_, is to be had in English or in French? I find it constantly referred to in the said Weber's work on the _Theory of Musical Composition_, and in Mueller's _Physiology_.

For any information you can give me on the subject I shall feel much indebted.

PHILHARMONICUS.

Dublin.

[_Caecilia_ is a musical art journal published in Germany, and is thus
noticed at page 12. of Warner's edition of Godfrey Weber's _Theory of
Musical Composition_:--"Since 1824 we have been laid under great
obligations to our distinguished mathematician and writer on acoustics,
Professor _W._ Weber, for most interesting developments on all these
points, which he has arranged into an article in the journal
_Caecilia_, vol. xii., expressly for musicians and musical instrument
manufacturers."]

_Andrew Johnson._--In the character of Samuel Johnson, as drawn by Murphy, there is the remark, "Like his uncle Andrew in the ring at Smithfield, Johnson, in a circle of disputants, was determined neither to be thrown or conquered." Other allusions are made, in Boswell's _Life_, to this uncle having "kept the ring," but I cannot find out who he could have been. There was a noted bruiser, Tom Johnson; but certainly he was not the person in question. I shall be glad if any of your readers can inform me who this "Uncle Andrew" was, and what authority there is for believing that he was a pugilistic champion of note.

PUGILLUS.

[In the _Variorum Boswell_, i. e. Croker's ed., 1847, p. 198., PUGILLUS
will find a note by the editor, stating that Dr. Johnson told Mrs.
Piozzi that his uncle Andrew "for a whole year kept the ring at
Smithfield, where they wrestled and boxed, and never was thrown or
conquered."]

_MS. by Glover._--Can MR. BOLTON CORNEY, or MR. R. SIMS, inform me whether the Lansdowne MS. 205. is in Glover's handwriting?

H. M.

[This volume (Lansdowne, 205.) contains twenty-six articles in
different hands. Art. 3. contains _pedigrees by Glover in his own
hand_. See MS. Harl. 807., and an autograph letter in MS. Cot., Titus
B. vii. fol. 14.]

_Gurney's Short-hand._--Can any of your correspondents inform me if there have been any alterations in this system of short-hand since 1802? Also, if it be now much used?

WM. O'SULLIVAN.

Ballymenagh.

[This well-known system of short-hand is certainly still in use,--in
fact, is that employed at the present time by the Gurneys, who are the
appointed short-hand writers to the Houses of Lords and Commons.]

{590}

_Spurious Don Quixote._--What English and French versions are there of the spurious continuation of _Don Quixote_ by Avellaneda?