Chapter C: R. M

_Enfield Church_ (Vol. viii., p. 352.).--Your correspondent is quite wrong as to the date of this building. The nave is separated from the north and south aisles by an arcade of five arches of undoubted Middle Pointed work; not later than the beginning of the fourteenth century, to which date also belongs the east window of the chancel: the "clere-story," which has the device of a rose and wing (not _ring_), is probably of the date assigned to the whole church by your correspondent. The south aisle was much altered about forty years ago, the windows of which are a bad imitation of those in the north aisle. In making alterations to the chancel in 1852 the piscina, and a portion of the sedilia, a drawing of which is given in _The Builder_, vol. x. p. 797., with a window over, were brought to light. They belong to the First Pointed period, or about the latter part of the twelfth century; clearly showing that a portion, at least, of the church is of the last-mentioned date.

I have always understood that the wing and rose, on the walls of the clere-story, was the cognizance of Abbot Wingrose of Waltham.

JAS. P. ST. AUBYN.

_Coin of Carausius_ (Vol. ix., p. 148).--C. G. is right in considering his coin as of Carausius, who reigned from 1040 to 1046 A.U.C. I would suggest P. F. for Pius Felix, as preferable to P. P.

The dates will show that the letters MLXXI have nothing to do with the year 1071. On other coins of Carausius we find the signs ML, _Moneta Londinensis_, or _Moneta Londini_ (_percussa_); and MSL, _Moneta signata Londini_. These interpretations are justified by analogy with the Roman coins, and by the signs on coins of Constantine, MSL, which must be interpreted as on the coins of Carausius, MLON, and MLN, _Moneta Londini_ (_percussa_). The abbreviation LN for LON is analogous to RV for _Ravenna_, which is undoubted.

As for the letters XXI, they occur very frequently, either alone or with others, on coins of Aurelian and his successors. They have evidently relation to the value of the coin, and are replaced by the Greek letters [Greek: KA], which have the same numerical value, on coins of Diocletian, &c. As analogous signs, I may quote LXXII and OB, the corresponding Greek letters, on amei respectively of Constantine and Valentinian, showing the _ameus_ = 1/72 of a pound; LX on silver coins of Constantius = 1/60 of a pound; and XCVI on denarii of Diocletian = 1/96 of a pound.

It has not yet been explained, however, in what relation these copper coins stood to the others, so as to justify the XXI, unless Mommsen may have done so in a book I have not seen, _Ueber den Verfall des Münzwesens in der Kaiserzeit_, 1851. See for the particulars of the above-cited coins, Pinder and Friedländer's _Beiträge zur Münzkunde_, p. 17. and following.

W. H. SCOTT.

Torquay.

_Society for Burning the Dead_ (Vol. ix., p. 76.).--

"The Pioneer Metropolitan Association for Promoting the Practice of
Decomposing the Dead by the Agency of Fire. W. H. Newman, Hon. Sec., to
whom all communications are to be addressed, post paid, at the City of
London Mechanics' Institute, Gould Square, Crutched Friars, or at 7.
Cleveland Street, Mile End Road.

"January, 1850.

"ARTHUR TREVELYAN,
"Associate."

ANON.

_Map of Dublin_ (Vol. ix., p. 171.).--Your querist C. H. will be shown with pleasure, at my house, a very ancient map of Dublin, styled "An Exact Copy of a Map of the City and Harbour of Dublin, from a Survey by John Rocque." There is no date to it, but I observe that the street I live in was called "Fleet Alley."

JOHN H. POWELL.

15. Westmoreland Street, Dublin.

_Pettifogger_ (Vol. vii., p. 354.).--One who "would cast a mist before," and around, his clients. He makes it his constant practice to raise a "petty-fog."

"And thus much for this cloud, I cannot say rather than _petty-fog_ of
witnesses, with which Episcopal men would cast a mist before us, to
deduce their exalted {288} Episcopacy from Apostolick Times."--Milton,
of _Prelatical Episcopacy_, Ed. Col. Amst., 1698, vol. i. p. 245.

Is not this a more probable origin of the word than the _pettivogueur_ of our etymologists? And MR. KEIGHTLEY will, I am sure, permit me to suggest that it is a derivation at least as obvious and expressive as _pettyfolker_.

WILLIAM BEAL.

Brooke Vicarage, Norfolk.

_Views in London by Canaletto_ (Vol. ix., p. 106.).--In reply to the Query of your correspondent GONDOLA, I beg to say that I have long had the pleasure of possessing one of Canaletto's London views, that of the Thames from the Temple Gardens, in which the hand that painted gondolas and masks may be traced in Thames wherries and grave Templars. I believe there are others in the collections of the Dukes of Buccleugh and Northumberland.

EDMUND PHIPPS.

Park Lane.

During the residence of Antonio Canaletto at Venice, he painted a number of pictures, at low prices, for Joseph Smith, Esq., the British consul; but that gentleman retailed those paintings at an enormous profit to English travellers. Canaletto finding this out, was induced to visit a country where his talents were so much appreciated. He accordingly came to England in the year 1746, being then about fifty years of age. He remained with us six or seven years (not _two_, as stated by Walpole), and during that period received great encouragement from the English nobility. His delineations of London and its environs, especially those of Thames scenery (of which he seems to have been very fond), are deservedly admired. Two of these are at Goodwood, and another (Parliament Street, looking towards Charing Cross) is in the Buccleuch Collection. Several London paintings were, at the beginning of the present century, in the possession of the Hon. Percy Wyndham. Some others are to be found in the royal collections, and in those of many noblemen and gentlemen of fortune.

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

_London Fortifications_ (Vol. ix., pp. 174. 207.).--During the last civil war a fortification was erected at the Brill Farm, near old St. Pancras Church, where, 120 years after, Somers Town was built. A view of it is extant, and may be obtained for a few shillings. The Brill is also stated to have been a Roman station, but, I believe, without foundation.

G. J. S.

Tavistock Terrace, Holloway.

_What Day is it at our Antipodes?_ (Vol. viii., pp 102. 649.).--After the able way in which this subject has been treated by A. E. B., I will only add an extract from _A Complete System of Geography_, by Emanuel Bowen, London, 1747, vol. iii. p. 250.:

"One thing more is worth observing concerning this place (Macao),
namely, that the Portuguese Sunday here is the Saturday with the
Spaniards of the Philippine Islands, and so forward through all the
days of the week, although there be scarce any difference in the
longitude of both places. But the reason is, the Portuguese, in coming
to Europe, pass eastward, whereas the Spaniards, coming from America,
pass westward; so that between both, they have sailed round the globe:
in doing which there is necessarily one day lost, as we have taken
occasion to show in the introduction to this work."

JOHN P. STILWELL.

Dorking.

* * * * *

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

When Dr. Ure tells us that from the year 1804, when he conducted the schools of chemistry and manufactures in the Andersonian Institution, up to the present day, he has been assiduously engaged in the study and improvement of most of the chemical, and many of the mechanical, arts; that during that period he has been habitually consulted professionally by proprietors of factories, workshops, and mines, to rectify what was amiss in their establishments, and to supply what was wanting, he shows clearly how great were his qualifications for the preparation of _A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice_: and it is therefore little wonder that a work undertaken with such advantages should have reached what is now before us, a "fourth edition, corrected and greatly enlarged." Dr. Ure has, in this edition, turned to good account the many novelties of an interesting and useful nature first displayed in the Great Exhibition, and his two portly volumes may be consulted with advantage not only by manufacturers and professional men, but by lawyers, legislators, and, in short, all who take an interest in those achievements of science to which this great country owes its pre-eminence.

Unnoticed by reviewers, and unaided by favour or influence, Mr. Keightley tells us that his _Mythology of Ancient Greece and Italy_ has reached its third edition. So much the better, for it proves that the book has merits of its own, and those merits have won for it a place which will keep Mr. Keightley's name in memory as long as a love for classical literature and tasteful learning remains; and this, we suspect, will be longer than Mr. Keightley anticipates. As the success which has attended this valuable and original exposition of classical mythology renders it unnecessary to say one word as to its merits, we may content ourselves with stating that this edition has been carefully revised, has received numerous additions, and, although it is beautifully got up, is published at lower price than its predecessor. {289}

The children of Lady Falmouth are blessed with a mother who possesses that invaluable gift, the art of making learning a pleasure; and we doubt not many a loving mother will be glad to find her labours lightened by the recently published _Conversations on Geography, or the Child's first introduction to where He is, what He is, and what else there is_, by Viscountess Falmouth, Baroness Le Despencer. These conversations strongly remind one of Mrs. Marcet's, and we can give them no higher praise.

Whatever difference of opinion may exist as to the partial or impartial character of M. de Custine's work upon _Russia_, it contains much matter which will be read at the present important crisis with considerable interest; and in reprinting it in their _Traveller's Library_, at a price which will place it within the reach of all classes of readers, Messrs. Longman have taken steps for securing to _Russia by_ M. De Custine a wide-spread popularity.

Our valued correspondent MR. SINGER has kindly sent us a copy of a little offering to the manes of Shakspeare and Tieck, of which he has printed a few copies for private distribution. It is _The Midsummer Night, or Shakspeare and the Fairies, from the German of Ludwig Tieck_, by Mary C. Rumsay. The work, one of exuberant fancy, was written when Tieck was only sixteen, but only published by his friend Bulow in 1851. It is translated with great ability; and we regret, for the sake of the many who would wish to possess it, that MR. SINGER did not carry out his original intention, and publish it in aid of the funds for the monument to Tieck.

_The Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology_, No. I., March, 1854, is the first of a very valuable periodical, the nature and object of which are plainly indicated by its title. One very useful feature is its _Contents of Foreign Journals_, in which it records all the important contributions on sacred and classical philology inserted in the chief periodicals of the Continent.

We have before us the publications of _The Arundel Society_, or _Society for Promoting the Knowledge of the Fine Arts_, for the fourth year: and they are indeed of a nature to effect the great object for which the Society was instituted. They consist of eight engravings on wood from drawings made by Mr. Williams, who was sent by the Society to Padua expressly for the purpose, from the frescos of Giotto in the Arena Chapel. The woodcuts have been executed by Messrs. Dalziel. With the rest of these prints will be issued a short description of the chapel and its frescos, prepared by Mr. Ruskin.

The Second Part of Mr. Netherclift's _Autograph Miscellany_ contains fac-similes of the original depositions of their marriage by James II. and Anne Hyde; of an original letter from Luther to Cromwell, afterwards Earl of Essex; of a letter from Glover, Somerset Herald, to the Earl of Leicester; and of that portion of Sterne's _Sentimental Journey_ in which is related the episode of "The Dead Ass."

The success which has attended the publication of Miss Burney's _Diary_, or, to give the work its more correct title, _The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay_, has induced Mr. Colburn to commence a new edition of it in seven three-shilling volumes.

* * * * *

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

Wanted To Purchase.

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*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose:

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Wanted by _J. T. C._, care of Messrs. McGee & Co., Nassau Street, Dublin.

THE FAMILY INSTRUCTOR, by De Foe. 2 Vols. 1841. Oxford, Talboys.

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HAZLITT'S SELECT POETS OF GREAT BRITAIN. 1825.

THE LADY'S POETICAL MAGAZINE, or Beauties of British Poets. 4 Vols. London, 1781.

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Any of the Sermons, Tracts, &c., by the late Rev. A. G. Jewitt.

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HOWITT'S GIPSY KING, and other Poems. Either one or two copies.

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HENRY'S (Phillip) LIFE, by Sir J. B. Williams. Royal 8vo.

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Two Volumes of PLATES TO GLOSSARY OF ARCHITECTURE. Parker, Oxford. 1850.

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* * * * *

Notices to Correspondents.

_In consequence of the great length of_ MR. WINTHROP_'s valuable communication, and the number of articles waiting for insertion, we have this week the pleasure of presenting our readers with an extra eight pages_.

_We are compelled to postpone until next week Replies to several Correspondents and Notices of several books._

AN OLD F.A.S., F.R.S., F.S.A. _We have not yet been favoured with a reply to our request for the name of this Correspondent, who states that "he selected the Eyre drawings from a large mass of papers" in 1847, and "is satisfied they are authentic drawings." We therefore repeat our request._

MATHEW, A CORNISH FAMILY (Vol. ix., p. 22.).--Excuse my troubling you again about _real_ names, but it is extraordinary how shy some men seem to be of their _cognomen_ and habitat. In a late Number, p. 222., B. of Birkenhead asks about the family of Mathew. A great-great-grandmother of mine was of that Devon family, and I should be delighted to learn more than I know of her, and perhaps B. Birkenhead might instruct me. Do try to draw him from his _cover_.

H. T. ELLACOMBE.

Rectory, Clyst St. George, Topsham, Devon.

{290}

ZETA. _For notices of Mother Shipton, see_ "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 419.