Chapter I: Front Matter

NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

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"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

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No. 49.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.

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CONTENTS.

NOTES:--Page
Stray Notes on Cunningham's London. 289
Satirical Song upon Villiers Duke of Buckingham, by Dr. Rimbault. 291
Baker's Notes on Author of "Whole Duty of Man," by Rev. J.E.B. Mayor. 292
Mistake about George Wither, by Dr. Rimbault. 293
Useful _v._ Useless Learning. 293
Minor Notes:--Numerals--Junius and Sir P. Francis--Jews under the
Commonwealth--"Is any thing but," &c.--Fastitocalon. 294

QUERIES:--
Bishop Cosin's Conference. 295
Engleman's "Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum," by Professor De
Morgan. 296
Minor Queries:--Portrait of Sir P. Sidney--Confession--Scotch
Prisoners at Worcester--Adamson's Edward II.--Sir Thomas
Moore--Dr. E. Cleaver--Gwyan's London--Coronet--Cinderella--Judas'
Bell--Dozen of Bread--Kings Skuggsia--Coins of
Gandophares--Satirical Medals. 296

REPLIES:--
Gaudentio di Lucca. 298
On a Passage in the Tempest, by J. Payne Collier. 299
Gray's Elegy. 300
Bishops and their Precedence. 301
Replies to Minor Queries:--Leicester and the reputed Poisoners of
his Time--What is the correct Prefix of Mayors--Marks of Cadency. 302

MISCELLANEOUS:--
Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 303
Books and Odd Volumes Wanted. 303
Notices to Correspondents. 303
Advertisments. 304

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NOTES.

STRAY NOTES ON CUNNINGHAM'S LONDON.

The following notes are so trivial, that I should have scrupled to send them on any other ground than that so well-conceived and labouriously-executed a work should have its most minute and unimportant details as correct as possible. This, in such a work, can only be effected by each reader pointing out the circumstances that he has reason to believe are not quite correctly or completely given in it.

Page 24. _Astronomical Society._--The library has been recently augmented by the incorporation with it of the books and documents (as well as the members) of the _Mathematical Society of London_ (Spitalfields). It contains the most complete collection of the English mathematical works of the last century known to exist. A friend, who has examined them with some care, specifies particularly some of the tracts published in the controversy raised by Bishop Berkeley respecting "the ghosts of departed quantities," of which he did before know the existence.

The instruments to which Mr. Cunningham refers as bequeathed to the Society, are not used there, nor yet allowed to lie unused. They are placed in the care of active practical observers, according as the special character of the instruments and the special subjects to which each observer more immediately devotes his attention, shall render the assignment of the instrument expedient. The instruments, however, still remain the property of the Society.

P. 37. _Bath House._--Date omitted.

P. 143.--Evan's Hotel, Covent Garden, is described as having been once the residence of "James West, the great collector of books, &c., and _President of the Royal Society_." There has certainly never been a President, or even a Secretary, of that name. However, it is just possible that there might have been a Vice-president so named (as these are chosen by the President from the members of the council, and the council has not always been composed of men of science): but even this is somewhat doubtful.

P. 143. _Covent Garden Theatre._--No future account of this theatre will be complete without the facts connected with the ill-starred Delafield; just as, into the Olympic, the history of the defaulter Watts, of the Globe Assurance Office, must also enter.

P. 143. near top of col. 2. "Heigho! says Kemble."--Before this period, a variation of the _rigmarole_ upon which this is founded had become poplular, from the humour of Liston's singing at Sadler's Wells. I have a copy of the music and the words; altogether identical with those in the music. Of these, with other matters connected with the {290} amorous frog, I shall have something more to say hereafter. This notice is to be considered incidental, rather than as referring expressly to Mr. Cunningham's valuable book.

P. 153. _Deans Yard, Westminster._--Several of the annual budgets of abuse, obscenity, and impudent imposture, bearing on their title-pages various names, but written by "John Gadbury, Student in Physic and Astrology," were dated from "my house, Brick Court, Dean's Yard, Westminster;" or this slightly varied, occasionally being, "Brick Court, _near_ the Dean's Yard," &c. I have not seen a complete series of Gadbury's _Almanacks_, but those I refer to range from 1688 to 1694 (incomplete). His burial in St. Margaret's, Westminster, in 1704, is noticed by Mr. Cunningham, at p. 313. As brick was then only used in the more costly class of domestic buildings, this would seem to indicate that _prophecy_ was then a lucrative trade; and that the successor and pupil of the "arch-rogue, William Lilly" was quite as fortunate in his speculations as his master had been. It is a truth as old as society itself, that "knaves grow rich while honest men starve." Whilst Gadbury was "wallowing in plenty," the author of _Hudibras_ was perishing for want of a crust!

P. 153. _Denzil Street._--Here, about the middle of the street, on the south side, lived Theophilus Holdred, a jobbing watchmaker, whose name will always hold a place in one department of mathematical history. He discovered a method of approximating to the roots of numerical equations, of considerable ingenuity. He, however, lost in his day and generation the reputation that was really due to him for it, by his laying claim to more than he had effected, and seeking to deprive other and more gifted men of the reputation due to a more perfect solution of the same problem. He was, indeed, brought before the public as the tool of a faction; and, as the tools of faction generally are, he was sacrificed by his own supporters when he was no longer of any use to them.

I once called upon him, in company with Professor Leyburn, of the Royal Military College, but I forget whether in 1829 or 1830. We found him at his bench--a plain, elderly, and heavy-looking personage. He seemed to have become "shy" of our class, and some time and some address were requisite to get him to speak with any freedom: but ultimately we placed him at his ease, and he spoke freely. We left him with the conviction that he was the _bonâ fide_ discoverer of his own method; and that he had no distinct conception, even then, of the principle of the methods which he had been led by his friends to claim, of having _also_ discovered _Horner's_ process before Horner himself had published it. He did not (ten years after the publication of Horner's method) even then understand it. He understood his own perfectly, and I have not the slightest doubt of the correctness of his own statement, of its having been discovered by him fifty years before.

P. 166. _Dulwich Gallery._--This is amongst the unfortunate consequences of taking lists upon trust. Poor Tom Hurst[1] has not been in the churchyard these last eight years--except the three last in his grave. The last five years of his life were spent in a comfortable asylum, as "a poor brother of the Charterhouse." He was one of the victims of the "panic of 1825;" and though the spirit of speculation never left him, he always failed to recover his position. He is referred to here, however, to call Mr. Cunningham's attention to the necessity, in a _Hand-book_ especially, of referring his readers correctly to the places at which _tickets_ are to be obtained for any purpose whatever. It discourages the visitor to London when he is thus "sent upon a fool's errand;" and the Cockney himself is not in quite so good a humour with the author for being sent a few steps out of his way.

P. 190. _Rogers_--a Cockney by inference. I {291} should like to see this more decidedly established. I am aware that it is distinctly so stated by Chambers and by Wilkinson; but a remark once made to me by Mrs. Glendinning (the wife of Glendinning, the printer, of Hatton Garden) still leads me to press the inquiry.

P. 191.--_The Free Trade Club_ was dissolved before the publication of this edition of the _Handbook_.

P. 192.--And to Sir John Herschel, on his return from the Cape of Good Hope.

P. 210. _Royal Society._--From a letter of Dr. Charles Hutton, in the _Newcastle Magazine_ (vol. i. 2nd series), it appears that at the time of Dr. Dodd's execution the Fellows were in the habit of adjourning, after the meetings, to Slaughter's Coffee House, "to eat oysters," &c. The celebrated John Hunter, who had attempted to resuscitate the ill-fated Doctor, was one of them. "The Royal Society Club" was instituted by Sir Joseph Banks.

P. 221. _Hanover Square._--Blank date.

P. 337. _Millbank Prison._--It was designed, not by "Jeremy Bentham," but by his brother, the great mechanist, Sir Samuel Bentham. In passing, it may be remarked that the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, is constructed on the same principle, and, as was stated in the _Mechanics' Magazine_, on authority, a year or two ago, by the same engineer. General rumour has, however, attributed the design to his gracious Majesty George III; and its being so closely in keeping with the known spirit of _espionage_ of that monarch certainly gave countenance to the rumour. It may be as well to state, however, that, so designed and so built, it has never yet been so used.

P. 428.--_Benbow_, not a native of Wapping, but of Shrewsbury. A life of him was published nearly forty years ago, by that veteran of local and county history, Mr. Charles Hulbert, in the _Salopian Magazine_.

P. 499. _Whitfield._--Certainly not the founder of the Methodists, in the ordinary or recognised acceptation of the term. John Wesley was at the head of that movement from the very first, and George Whitfield and Charles Wesley were altogether subordinate to him. Wesley and Whitfield parted company on the ground of Arminianism _versus_ Calvinism. For a while the two sects kept the titles of "Arminian Methodists" and "Calvinistic Methodists." The latter made but little ground afterwards, and the distinctive adjective was dropped by the Wesleyans when the Whitfieldites had ceased to be a prominent body.

P. 515. _Doctor Dodd._--The great interest excited in favour of a commutation of his sentence, led to the belief at the time, that his life had not been really sacrificed. Many plausible stories respecting the Doctor having been subsequently seen alive, were current; and as they may possibly in some future age be revived, and again pass into general currency, it may be as well to state that the most positive evidence to the contrary exists, in a letter of Dr. Hutton's before referred to. The _attempt to resuscitate him was actually made_, by a no less distinguished surgeon than John Hunter. He seemed then to attribute the failure to his having _received the body too late_. Wonderful effects were at that time expected to result from the discovery of galvanism; but it would have been wonderful indeed if any restoration had taken place after more than two hours of suspended animation. John Hunter, according to the account, does not seem to have been very communicative on the subject, even to his philosophical friends at Slaughter's Oyster Rooms.

T.S.D.

Shooter's Hill.

[Footnote 1: It may not be out of place here to mention one fine feature in the character of "Tom Hurst;" his deep reverence for men of ability, whether in literature, science, or art. Take one instance:

Fourteen or fifteen years ago, I called one morning at his place of business (then 65. St. Paul's Church Yard, which has been subsequently absorbed into the "Religious Tract Depository"); and, as was my custom, I walked through the shop to his private room. He was "not in;" but a gentleman, who first looked at me and then at a portrait of me on the wall, accosted me by my surname as familiarly as an intimate acquaintance of twenty years would have done. He and Hurst, it appeared, had been speaking of me, suggested by the picture, before Hurst went out. The familiar stranger did not keep me long in suspense--he intimated that I had "probably heard our friend speak of Ben Haydon." Of course I had; and we soon got into an easy chat. Hurst was naturally a common subject with us. Amongst the remarks he made were the following, and in almost the words:--

"When my troubles came on, I owed Hurst a large sum of money; and the circumstances under which I became his debtor rendered this peculiarly a debt of honour. He lent it me when he could ill spare it; yet he is the only one of all my creditors who has not in one way or other persecuted me to the present hour. When he first knew of my wreck, he called upon me--_not to reproach but to encourage me_--and he would not leave me till he felt sure that he had changed the moody current of my thoughts. If there be any change in him since then, it is in his increased kindness of manner and his assiduity to serve me. He is now gone out to try to sell 'a bit of daub' for me."

Hurst came in, and this conversation dropped; but it had been well had Hurst been by his side on the day his last picture was opened to view at the Egyptian Hall. The catastrophe of that night might have been averted, notwithstanding Mr. Barnum and his Tom Thumb show in the adjoining room.]

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SATIRICAL SONG UPON GEORGE VILLIERS, DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM.

In turning over some old bundles of papers of the early part of the seventeenth century, I met with the following satirical effusion upon "James's infamous prime minister," George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. As an echo of the popular feelings of the people at the time it was written, it merits preservation; and although I have seen other manuscript copies of the ballad, it has never yet, as far as I can learn, appeared in print.

It appears to be a parody or paraphrase of a well-known ballad of the period, the burden of which attracted the notice of the satirist. It afterwards became a common vehicle of derision during the civil war, as may be seen by turning over the pages of the collection entitled _Rump Songs_, and the folio volumes of the king's pamphlets.

The _original_ of these parodies has hitherto eluded my researches. It is not among the Pepysian, Roxburghe, Wood, or Douce ballads, but perhaps some of your readers may be able to point it out in some public or private collection.

"Come heare, Lady Muses, and help mee to sing,
Come love mee where I lay;
Of a duke that deserves to be made a king--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"Our Buckingham Duke is the man that I meane,
Come love mee where I lay;
On his shoulders the weale of the kingdome doth leane--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"O happiest kingdome that ever was kind,
Come love mee where I lay;
And happie the king that hath such a friend--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way. {292}

"Needs must I extoll his worth and his blood--
Come love mee where I lay;
And his sweet disposition soe milde and soe good--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"Those innocent smiles that embelish his face,
Come love mee where I lay;
Who sees them not tokens of goodness and grace--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"And what other scholler could ever arise,
Come love mee where I lay;
From a master that was soe sincere and wise--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"Who is hee could now from his grave but ascend,
Come love mee where I lay;
Would surely the truth of his service commend--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"The king understands how he honors his place,
Come love me where I lay;
Which is to his majestie noe little grace--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"And therefore the government justly hath hee,
Come love mee where I lay;
Of horse for the land, and shipps for the sea--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"What, though our fleet be our enemies debtor,
Come love mee where I lay;
Wee brav'd them once, and wee'l brave them better--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"And should they land heere they should bee disjointed,
Come love mee where I lay;
And find both our horse and men bravely appointed--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"Then let us sing all of this nobel duke's praise,
Come love mee where I lay;
And pray for the length of his life and his daies--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way.

"And when that death shall close up his eyes,
Come love mee where I lay;
God take him up into the skies--
The cleane contrary way,
O the cleane contrary way."

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

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"WHOLE DUTY OF MAN," AUTHOR OF.

(From Baker's MSS, vol. xxxv. p. 469-470. Cambridge University Library.)

"Octo'r 31. 1698. Mr. Thomas Caulton, Vicar of Worksop, &c. [as
in the note p. xiii. to the editor's Preface, ed. 1842, with
unimportant variations, such as _Madam Frances Heathcote_, where
the printed copy has _Mrs. Heathcote_; Baker reads _Madam Ayre
of Rampton after dinner took_, where the printed copy has, _Mrs.
Eyre_. After _was dead_, follows in Baker,] and that in that
Month she had buried her Husband and severall Relations, but
that her comfort was, that by her Monthly Sacraments she
participated still with them in the Communion of Saints.

"Then she went to her Closet, and fetched out a Manuscript, w'ch
she said was the original of the _Whole Duty of Man_, tied
together and stitched, in 8'vo, like Sermon notes. She untied
it, saying, it was Dr. Fell's Correction and that the Author was
the Lady Packington (her Mother), in whose hand it was written.

"To prove this, the s'd Mr. Caulton further added that she said,
she had shewn it to Dr. Covell, Master of Christ's College[2] in
Cambridge, Dr. Stamford, Preb. of York, and Mr. Banks the
present Incumbent of the Great Church in Hull. She added,
withall, that _The Decay of Christian Piety_ was hers (The Lady
Packington's) also, but disowned any of the rest to be her
Mother's.

"This is a true Copy of what I wrote, from Mr. Caulton's Mouth,
two days before his Decease.

"Witness my hand,

"Nov. 15. 98.

"JOHN HEWYT."

"Bp. Fell tells us, that all these Tracts were written by the
excellent Author (whom he makes to be one and the same person)
at severall times, as y'e exigence of the Church, and the
benefit of soules directed y'r composures; and that he (the
Author) did likewise publish them apart, in the same order as
they were made. The last, it seems (w'ch is _The Lively
Oracles_), came out in 1678, the very year Dr. Woodhead died.
Had the Author liv'd longer, we should have had his Tract _Of
the Government of the Thoughts_, a work he had undertaken; and
certainly (as Bp. Fell hath told us), had this work been
finished, 'twould have equall'd, if not excelled, whatever that
inimitable hand had formerly wrote. Withall it may be observ'd,
that the Author of these Tracts speaks of the great Pestilence,
and of the great Fire of London, both w'ch happen'd after the
Restoration, whereas Bp. Chappell died in 1649. And further, in
sect. vii. of the _Lively Oracles_, n. 2., are these words, w'ch
I think cannot agree to Bp. Chappell [and less to Mr. Woodhead].
_I would not be hasty in charging Idolatry upon the Church of
Rome, or all in her Communion; but that their Image-Worship is a
most futall snare, in w'ch vast numbers of unhappy Souls are
taken, no Man can doubt, who hath with any Regard travailed in
Popish Countries: I myself, and thousands of others, whom the
late troubles, or other occasions, sent abroad, are, and have
been witnesses thereof_. {293} These words seem to have been
spoke by one that had been at Rome, and was forced into those
Countries after the troubles broke out here. But as for
Chappell, he never was at Rome, nor in any of those Countries.

"As for Archbp. Stern, no Man will believe him to have any just
Title to any of these Tracts. [The last Passage concerning
idolatry, will not agree with Mr. Woodhead, nor the rest with
Lady Packington.]

"In a letter from Mr. Hearne, dat. Oxon, Mar. 27, 1733, said by
Dr. Clavering, Bp. of Petr. to be wrote by one Mr. Basket, a
Clergyman of Worcestershire. See Dr. Hamond's _Letters_
published by Mr. Peck, et ultra Quære."

On so disputed a point as the authorship of the _Whole Duty of Man_, your readers will probably welcome any discussion by one so competent to form an opinion in such matters as Hearne.

The letter above given was unknown to the editor of Mr. Pickering's edition.

J.E.B. MAYOR.

Marlborough College.

[Footnote 2: The printed copy has _Trinity_ College.]

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MISTAKE ABOUT GEORGE WITHER.

In Campbell's _Notices of the British Poets_ (edit. 1848 p. 234.) is the following, passage from the short memoir of George Wither:--

"He was even afraid of being put to some mechanical trade, when
he contrived to get to London, and with great simplicity had
proposed to try his fortune at court. To his astonishment,
however, he found that it was necessary to flatter in order to
be a courtier. To show his independence, he therefore wrote his
_Abuses Whipt and Stript_, and, instead of rising at court, was
committed for some months to the Marshalsea."

The author adds a note to this passage, to which Mr. Peter Cunningham (the editor of the edition to which I refer) appends the remark inclosed between brackets:--

"He was imprisoned for his _Abuses Whipt and Stript_; yet this
could not have been his first offence, as an allusion is made to
a former accusation. [It was for _The Scourge_ (1615) that his
first known imprisonment took place.]"

I cannot discover upon any authority sufficient ground for Mr. Campbell's note resecting a _former_ accusation against Wither. He was undoubtedly imprisoned for his _Abuses Whipt and Stript_, which first appeared in print in 1613, but I do not think an _earlier_ offence can be proved against him. It has been supposed, upon the authority of a passage in the _Warning Piece to London_, that the first edition of this curious work appeared in 1611; but I am inclined to think that the lines,--

"In sixteen hundred ten and one,
I notice took of public crimes,"

refers to the period at which the "Satirical Essays" were _composed_. Mr. Willmott, however (_Lives of the Sacred Poets_, p. 72.), thinks that they point to an earlier publication. But it is not likely that Wither would so soon again have committed himself by the publication of the _Abuses_ in 1613, if he had suffered for his "liberty of speech" so shortly before.

Mr. Cunningham's addition to Mr. Campbell's note is incorrect. The _Scourge_ is part of the _Abuses Whipt and Stript_ printed in 1613 (a copy of which is now before me), to which it forms a postscript. Wood, who had never seen it, speaks of it as a _separate_ publication; but Mr. Willmott has corrected this error, although he had only the means of referring to the edition of the _Abuses_ printed in 1615. Mr. Cunningham's note, that Wither was imprisoned for the _Scourge_ in 1615, is a mistake; made, probably, by a too hasty perusal of Mr. Willmott's charming little volume on our elder sacred poets.

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

* * * * *

USEFUL VERSUS USELESS LEARNING

A single and practical plan for the formation of a complete and useful library and _respository_ of _universal_ literary knowledge.

The design which I propose in the following few lines, is one which I should imagine nearly all the more learned and literary of your readers would _wish_ to see _already in existence_ and when I show that it might be effected _with very little trouble and expense_ (indeed _no_ trouble but such as would be a _pleasure_ to those interested in the work), and that the greatest advantage would follow from it,--I hope that it may meet with favourable consideration from some of the numerous, able, and influential readers and correspondents of your journal.

I am the more induced to hope this from the fact of such a wish having been partially expressed by some of your contributors, and the excellent leading articles of Nos. 1 and 2.

What I propose is simply this: the SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT of _all_ the existing literary knowledge in the world that is considered _of value_ by those best qualified to judge, disposed in such a manner as to answer these two purposes: 1st, to give a general connected and classified _view_ of the literary treasures of the whole world, beginning from the most ancient in each language and department (including only what is valuable in each); and, 2dly, to afford the greatest possible _facility_ (by means of arrangement, references and _indexes_) to every inquirer for finding _at once_ the information he is in search of, if it is to be found _anywhere_ by looking for it.

There are two ways in which this work might be accomplished, both of which were desirable, though even one only would be much better than none.

The first and most complete is, to make a real COLLECTION of all those works, arranged in the {294} most perfect systematic order; and, while doing so, to make at the same time a corresponding classified _Catalogue_.

The chief (and almost the only) _difficulty_ in the way of this would be, to find a _room_ (or suite of rooms) to contain such a library and repository; but such would probably be found if sought.

The other way in which this object might be attained is by the formation of a simple CATALOGUE in the same order, such as does already exist and lies open for public use (though only in manuscript, and not so accurately classified as might be) in the noble library of the Dublin University.

This plan would be _far easier_ than (besides forming the best possible _basis_ for) that so urgently advocated by MR. BOLTON CORNEY (Vol. i. pp. 9, 42, 43.).

Of course so extensive a design would require to be distributed among many hundred persons; but so does any great work: while, by each individual undertaking that department in which he is most interested and most experienced, the whole might be accomplished easily and pleasantly.

The great fault of antiquarians is, that they are constantly _beginning at the wrong end_: they fix on some one piece of information that they want to get, and devote a world of labour to hunting about in all directions for anything bearing on the subject; whereas the rational way obviously is, to have the whole existing mass of (valuable) knowledge _classified_, and then the inquirer would know _where_ to look for his purpose.

Of course there will always remain much knowledge of a miscellaneous and irregular nature which is picked up by accident, and does not come within the scope of the present design; but this is generally of a trifling and fugitive kind, and does not at all controvert the principle above laid down.

In conclusion, I have worked out a tolerably complete series of arrangements for the above design, showing its practicability as well as usefulness, which will be much at the service of any one who can use them for the furtherance of that object.

W. D.

* * * * *

MINOR NOTES.

_Numerals._--For the old Indian forms, see Prinsep's _Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal_, 1838, p. 348. The prospectus of _Brugsh, Numerorum apud Egyptios Demoticorum Doctrina_, Berlin, promises to give from papyri and inscriptions not only the figures, but the forms of operation. Probably the system assumed its present form by the meeting of the Indian and Egyptian traders at some emporium near the mouth of the Indus. Peacock seems to give undue weight to the fact, that the Tibetans have a copious nomenclature for high numbers: their arithmetic, doubtless, came with their alphabet, and the Buddhist legends from India.

F.Q.

_Junnius and Sir Philip Francis._--A few years ago, an aged intelligent person named Garner was living at Belgrave, near Leicester. I have heard him say that, when he was a farm bailiff to Lord Thanet, at Sevenoaks, in Kent, Sir Philip Francis was a frequent visitor there, and had a private room set apart for literary occupation. On one occasion, when he (Mr. Garner) was riding over the farm with Sir Philip Francis, the former alluded to one of the replies to Junius, by a clergyman who had been the subject of the "Great Unknown's" anonymous attacks, adding, "They say, Sir Philip, you are Junius." Sir Philip did not deny that he was the man, but simply smiled at the remark. This, and other circumstances coupled with the fact of Sir Philip's frequent visits to the house of so noted a politician as Lord Thanet, rendered Mr. Garner a firm believer in the identity of Sir Philip and Junius to the end of his days.

JAYTEE.

_Jews under the Commonwealth_ (Vol. i., pp. 401. 474.; vol ii., p. 25.).--There is a confirmation of the story of the Jews being in treaty for St. Paul's and the Oxford Library in a passage in Carte's _Letters_, i. 276, April 2, 1649:--

"They are about demolishing and selling cathedral churches. I
hear Norwich is designed already, and that the Jews proffer
600,000l. for Paul's and Oxford Library, and may have them for
200,000l. more."

CH.

"_Is anything but," &c._--As your work seems adapted, amongst other subjects, to check the introduction into our language of undesirable words, phrases, and forms of speech, I would call the attention of your readers to the modern phrases, "is anything but," and the like, which have lately crept into use, and will be found, in many (otherwise) well-written books.

I read the phrase "is anything but," for the first time, in Napier's _Peninsular War_; where it struck me as being so much beneath the dignity of historical composition, and at the same time asserting an impossibility, that I meditated calling the author's attention to it. The not unfrequent use of the same phrase by other writers, since that time, has by no means reconciled me to its use.

In the _Edinburgh Review_ for January last (1850) I find the following sentence:--"But as pains have been taken to fix the blame _upon any one except_ the parties culpable;" and in the July number of the same _Review_ (p. 90.) occurs the sentence, "_any impulse rather than_ that of patriotism," &c.

Now, a "thing," or "person," or "impulse,"--though it may not be the "thing," or "person," or "impulse" charged as the agent,--must yet be some _certain_ and _specific_ thing, or party, or impulse, {295} if existing as an agent at all in the matter; and cannot be "_any_ thing," or "_any_ party," or "_any_ impulse," in the _indefinite_ sense intended in these phrases. Moreover, there seems no difficulty in expressing, in a simple and direct manner, that the agent was a very different, or opposite, or dissimilar "thing," or "person," or "impulse" from that supposed.

I wish some persons of competent authority in the science of our language (and many such there are who write in your pages) would take up this subject, with a view to preserve the purity of it; and would also, for the future, exercise a watchful vigilance over the use, for the _first_ time, of any incorrect, or low words or phrases, in composition; and so endeavour to confine them to the vulgar, or to those who ape the vulgar in their style.

P.H.F.

_Fastitocalon._--_Fastitocalon. Cod. Exon._ fol. 96. b. p. 360. 18. read [Greek: Aspido ... chelonae]. Tychsen, _Physiologus Syrus_, cap. xxx.: did the digamma get to Crediton by way of Cricklade?

F.Q.

* * * * *

QUERIES

BISHOP COSIN'S CONFERENCE.

Basire in his _Dead Man's Real Speech_ (pp. 59, 60.), amongst other "notable instances" of Bishop Cosin's zeal and constancy in defence of the Church of England, mentions

"A solemn conference both by word and writing betwixt him and
the Prior of the English Benedictines at Paris, supposed to be
Robinson. The argument was concerning the validity of the
ordination of our priests, &c., in the Church of England. The
issue was, our Doctor had the better so far, that he could never
get from the Prior any reply to his last answer. This conference
was undertaken to fix a person of honour then wavering about
that point; the sum of which conference (as I am informed), was
written by Dr. Cosin to Dr. Morley, the now Right Reverend Lord
Bishop of Winchester, in two letters bearing date June 11, July
11, 1645."

The substance of this conference has been preserved among the Smith Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library; but it is not in the form of letters to Dr. Morley. Vol. xl. of this valuable collection of manuscripts contains (as described in Smith's table of contents):--

1. "Papers of Bp. Cosins in defence of the Ordination of the
Church of England against father Prior.

"The first of these is Bp. Cosin's Review of the Father's
Letter, &c. [the title-page is placed at p. 77.]

"Then follows a letter (which is indeed the Bishop's first
paper, and should be put first) from Bishop Cosin to the Father.

"After that the Father's Answer to Bishop Cosin's Review at p.
81.

"Then come two other papers about the validity of our
Ordination, with a preface concerning the occasion, p. 89."

2. "Then, p. 101., A Letter from a _Rom. Cath._ to a Lady about
communicating in one kind,--with Bishop Cosin's Answer."

3. "Lastly, in p. 123., is A Letter of Bp. Cosin's to Dr.
Collins concerning the Sabbath."

The order in which the papers under the first head, about our English ordination, should fall, appears to be as follows:--

1. There is a note attached to p. 65., evidently written by Dr. Tho. Smith himself in the following words:

"Transcript of several papers of Bishop Cosin's sent to me by
Dr. J. Smith, Prebendary of Durham.--T.S."

2. At p. 77. the title-page is given thus:

"A Review of a Letter sent from F.P.R. to a Lady (whom he would
have persuaded to the Rom. party) in Opposition to a former
paper given him for the defence of the Church of England in the
Ordination of Priests."

To this are appended the respective forms of ordering priests used in the Church of England and in the Roman Church.

3. Then, at p. 89., we have the "occasion of this ... Discourse concerning the Ordination of Priests," &c. This is a kind of preface, which contains the first paper that was given to the Prior, dated June 14, 1645; also another paper, bearing date July 11, 1645, but ending abruptly in the middle of a sentence, and having written below it (probably in Dr. J. Smith's hand) the following note:

"The rest of this is not yet found, and that which is written
thus far is not in the Bishop's own hand, but the copy is very
fair."

However, this second paper (ending thus abruptly) appears to be no more than the first draft of a long letter from Cosin to the Prior, which commences at p. 65. of this MS., and which is dated "from the Court of S. Germains, July 11, 1645;" for not only does this letter bear the same _date_ as the before-mentioned fragment, but it begins by complaining of the tone of expression in a letter evidently received from the Prior after the draft had been prepared, but before it was sent off; and it concludes with the following note appended as a postscript:

"Sir,

"The enclosed (most of it) was prepared for you a fortnight
since; but now (upon the occasion given by your letter) you have
it with some advantage from

"Your servt., J.C.

"I desire the fav"

"S. Germ. July 12."

4. The most important part of this MS., however, is contained in the long letter or treatise {296} placed first in the volume, and bearing for its title, "A View of F.P.'s Answer to the First Paper."

This is dated from S. Germains, July 25, 1645 and would appear to be Cosin's last letter. But, if it be really so, Basire must, I think, be in error, when he says, "Our Doctor ... could never get from the Prior any reply to his last answer." For at p. 81. of the MS. there is a reply to the above "Review of a Letter sent by F.R. to a Lady," &c. which, though copied without either date or signature, was evidently written by the Prior, whilst it professes to be a reply to a treatise closely answering to Cosin's letter of July 25, but which letter the writer did not receive (as he states) before the 26th of September.

I wish yet further to take notice, that Dr. Tho. Smith, in His _Vitæ_ (Lond. 1707, præf. pp. vii, viii.), refers to these manuscripts in the following satisfactory manner:--

"Cum, post mortem D. Cosini, de pretio et valore schedarum, quas
reliquit, hæredibus non satis constaret, ... auspieatò tandem
devenit, ut favore, beneficio, et perquam insigni humanitate
reverendi et doctissimi viri, D. Joannis Smith, Sacræ Theologiæ
Professoris Ecclesiæ Dunelmensis Præbendarii, quorum frequens
hac de re commercium literarum, occasione data, (opportunè
intercedente prænobili et reverendo, D. Georgio Whelero, equite
aurato, et Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ Presbytero, ejusdem quoque
Ecclesiæ Cathedralis Prebendario), habui, duos libellos (tanquam
prætiosas tabulas ab isthoc infami naufragio servatas) a D.
Cosino, dum in Galliâ exularet, Anglieè conscriptos jam
possidieam: quarum unus _Vindicias Ordinatianum Ecclesieæ
Anglicanæ_ contra exceptiones et cavillationes cujusdem
Pontificii sacerdotis e gente nostra, alter _Responsionem ad
Epistolam_ nobili fæminæ Anglæ ab alio saccrdote _pro defensione
communionis sub unicâ specie administrandæ_ inscriptam,
complectitur," &c.

I should still be glad to add to this long note the followng Queries:--

1. Can any of your readers kindly inform me whether Cosin's two letters to Dr. Geo. Morley are still in existence, either in MS. or in print?

2. Whether there be any fuller or more authentic account of the controversy than that in these MS. preserved by the care of Dr. Smith?

3. Whether Cosin wrote any letter to the Prior _later_ than that of July 25?

4. Who was the _lady_ the Prior wished to seduce to the Roman party?

5. Is there any other account of the controversy?

J. SANSOM.

* * * * *

ENGELMAN'S BIBILIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM.

A little while ago, I ordered Engelman's _Bibliotheca Scriptoram Classicorum_, purporting to contain all such works published from 1700 to 1846. It was furnished to my bookseller by a foreign bookseller in _London_ with an English title, having _his own_ name on it as publisher, and an invitation to purchase the books described in it _from him_. As the paper and type were German, I objected and received in consequence a new English title, with the same name upon it, and a _shorter_ invitation to purchase from him. I was captious enough to object even to this; and I then received a Leipzig title in German. But there still remains a difficulty: for this German title has also the name of a _Parisian_ bookseller upon it, _a la maison duquel on peut s'adresser, &c._ Now, as Engelman is a bookseller, and would probably not object to an order out of his own catalogue, of which he is both author and publisher, the preceding, circumstances naturally raise the following Queries:

1. What is the real title-page of Engelman's _Catalogue_ 2. Is the Parisian house accredited by Engelman; or has the former served the latter as the London house has Served both? 3. Is it not desirable that literary men should set their faces very decidedly against all and every the slightest alteration in the genuine description of a book? 4. Would it not be desirable that every such alteration should forthwith be communicate to your paper?

The English title-page omits the important fact, that the _Catalogue_ begins at 1700, and describes it as containing _all_ editions, &c., up to 1846.

A. DE MORGAN.

September 24. 1850.

* * * * *

MINOR QUERIES.

_Portrait of Sir P. Sidney, by Paul Veronese._--In the letters of Sir P. Sidney which I found at Hamburg, and which were published by Pickering, 1845, it is stated that a portrait of Sidney was painted by Paul Veronese, at Venice, for Herbert Languet. It would be very interesting to discover the existence of this picture.

Languet had it with him at Prague, _framed_, as he asserts, and hung up in his room, in the year 1575. He remarks upon it, in one place, that it represented Sidney as too young (he was nineteen when it was taken); in another place he says that it has given him too sad an expression. I should add, that on Languet's death, his property passed into the hands of his friend Du Plessis.

I am led to write to you on this subject, by having observed, a few days since, in the collection at Blenheim, two portraits by Paul Veronese, of persons unknown. There may be many such, and that of Sir Philip Sidney may yet be identified.

STEUART A. PEARS.

Harrow, Sept. 6.

_Confession._--You would much oblige if you could discover the name of a Catholic priest, in {297} German history, who submitted to die rather than reveal a secret committed to him in confession?

U.J.B.

_Scotch Prisoners at Worcester._--In Mr. Walcott's _History of St. Margaret's Church, Westminster_, I find the following extract from church wardens' accounts:--

"1652. P'd to Thos. Wright for 67 loads of soyle laid on the
graves in Tothill Fields, wherein 1200 Scotch prisoners, taken
at the fight at Worcester, were buried; and for other pains
taken with his teeme of horses, about mending the Sanctuary
Highway, when Gen. Ireton was buried."

I have taken the pains to verify this extract, and find the figures quite correctly given. I wish to put the Query: Is this abominable massacre in cold blood mentioned by any of our historians? But for such unexceptionable evidence, it would appear incredible.

C.F.S.

_Adamson's Reign of Edward II._--

"The Reigns of King Edward II., and so far of King Edward III.,
as relates to the Lives and Actions of Piers Gaveston, Hugh de
Spencer, and Roger Lord Mortimer, with Remarks thereon adapted
to the present Time: Humbly addressed to all his Majesty's
Subjects of Great Britain, &c., by _J. Adamson_. Printed for J.
Millar, near the Horse Guards, 1732, and sold by the Booksellers
of London and Westminster, price One Shilling."

The above is the title-page of a little work of eighty-six pages in my possession, which I am inclined to think is scarce. It appears to be a defence of the Walpole administration from the attacks of the _Craftsman_, a periodical of the time, conducted by Amhurst, who was supported by Bolinbroke and Pulteney, the leaders of the opposition. Is anything known of _J. Adamson_, the author?

H.A.E.

_Sir Thomas Moore._--Can any of your readers give any account of Sir Thomas Moore, beyond what Victor tells of him in his _History_ of the Theatre, ii. p. 144., "that he was the author of an absurd tragedy called _Mangora_ (played in 1717), and was knighted by George I."

In Pope's "Epistle to Arbuthnot," he writes--

"Arthur, whose giddy son leglects the laws."

on which Warburton notes--

"_Arthur Moore, Esq._"

Who was _Arthur Moore, Esq._? and who was the "giddy son?" Was the latter _James Moore Smith_ a gentleman whose family name was, I think, _Moore_, and who assumed (perhaps for a fortune) the additional name of _Smith_? This gentleman Pope seems to call indiscriminately _Moore_, _Moor_, and _More_: and when he says that his good nature towards the dunces was so great that he had even "rhymed for Moor" (Ib. v. 373.), I cannot but suspect that the Moor _for_ whom he had _rhymed_, was the _giddy son_ whom _Arthur_ accused him of seducing from the law to the Muses. There are many allusions to this Mr. James Moore Smith throughout Pope's satirical works, but all very obscure; and Warburton, though he appears to have known him, affords no explanation as to who or what he was. He was the author of a comedy called _The Rival Modes_.