Chapter I: Front Matter

[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has been added at the end.]

NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION

FOR

LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

VOL. IV.--No. 111. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13. 1851.

Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._

CONTENTS.

Page

NOTES:--

Cowley and Gray. No. III. 465

Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by J. R. Relton 468

The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens 468

Folk Lore:--Lincolnshire Folk Lore 470

Minor Notes:--Modern Greek Names of Places--"There
is no mistake"--Remarkable Prophecy--The Ball that
killed Nelson--Gypsies 470

QUERIES:--

Dial Motto at Karlsbad 471

Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, by Henry Campkin 472

Minor Queries:--Barrister--Indian Jugglers--Priory
of Hertford--Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)--Clekit
House--Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee--Stanza on
Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"--Prophecy respecting
1837--Lines on the Bible--En bon et poyer--"England
expects every man," &c.--Religious Houses in East
Sussex--Parish Registers, Right of Search, Fees
claimable--Bacon a Poet--Tregonwell Frampton--Weever
and Fuller; their Autographs wanted--Is the Badger
Amphibious? 472

MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Royal Registers--Paul
Hoste--"Liber Mirabilis"--Saint Richard, King of
England--Saint Irene or St. Erini 474

REPLIES:--

Cockney 475

Replies to Minor Queries:--The Word Infortuner--Foreign
Ambassadors--Petition for the Recall from Spain of the
Duke of Wellington 476

MISCELLANEOUS:--

Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 477

Books and Odd Volumes wanted 478

Notices to Correspondents 478

Advertisements 478

Notes.

COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III.

Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray.

In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written:

"Daughter of Jove, relentless power,
Thou tamer of the human breast,
Whose _iron scourge, and tort'ring hour_,
The bad affright, afflict the best."

Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism:

"'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and
incongruity in this. _Consistency_ of figure rather required some
_material_ image, like _iron scourge_ and _adamantine chain_."

Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself:

"Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus:
Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,
Poscentique gravem persaepe remittit acutum;
Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus.
_Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis
Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit,
Aut humana parum cavit natura._"

_Epist. ad Pisones_, 347.

Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a "macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's _Curiosities of Literature_ I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the expressions from Milton:

"When the _scourge_
Inexorably, and _the torturing hour_
Calls us to penance."

_Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 90.

It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," "congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough.

"The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel,
Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel."

Goldsmith's _Traveller_, ad finem.

Or better for this purpose still:

"Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears,
Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes,
Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears,
Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops,
Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which
Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch."

Beaumonts's _Psyche_, cant. XXII. v. 69. p. 330.
Cambridge, 1702. Folio.

"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his _Pleasures of Hope_, Part I.:

"The martyr smiled beneath avenging power,
And braved the tyrant in his _torturing hour._"

And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before any of them:

"Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour."

_Midsummer Night's Dream_, Act V. Sc. 1.

Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:"

"On a rock, whose haughty brow
Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood,
Robed in the sable garb of woe,
With haggard eyes the poet _stood_,
(Loose his beard, and hoary hair
Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air),
And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire,
Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre."

Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield:

"A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place,
Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd."

_Macbeth._

I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous:

"I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical expression,
than the inactive term _stood_, into this fine passage: as
Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of _Dover cliff_:

'Half way down
_Hangs_ one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!'

_King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6.

"Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil:

"'Dumosa _pendere_ procul de rupe videbo.'

_Ecl._ I. 77."

He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from Virgil, _e.g._:

"Imminet in rivi praestantis imaginis undam."

_Culex_, 66.

However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to _hang by_! He could not have _hung_ by his _hair_, which "stream'd like a meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his _hands_, which "swept the deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind:

"Incens'd with indignation, Satan _stood_
Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd,
That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge
In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair
Shakes pestilence and war."

_Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 706.

Or again:

"On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd,
_Collecting all his might dilated stood_,
Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd:
His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest
Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp
What seem'd both spear and shield."

_Par. Lost_, lib. iv. 985.

It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, but I will only mention from Milton an illustration of the [Greek: systrepsas] of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which Gray commences "The Bard:"

"As when of old some orator renown'd
In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence
Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed
_Stood in himself collected_, while each part,
Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue,
_Sometimes in height began, as no delay
Of preface brooking through his zeal of right_."

_Par. Lost_, lib. ix. 670.

Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between heaven and earth. His cry was [Greek: dos pou sto], and the poet heard him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not--

"Every burning word he spoke
Full of rage and full of grief?"

In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the awfully grand and terrible exordium:

"Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!
Confusion on thy banners wait!
Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing,
They mock the air with idle state.
Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail,
Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail
To save thy secret soul from nightly fears,
From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears."

Collins thus describes the passion of _anger_:

"Next Anger rush'd;--his eyes on fire,
In lightnings own'd his secret stings:
In one rude clash he struck the lyre,
And swept with flurried hand the strings."

Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to _melancholy_, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as more poetic _inspiration_, than perhaps any others of the same length in the English language, how does he sing?

"With eyes upraised, as one inspired,
Pale Melancholy _sate_ retired;
And, from her wild sequester'd seat,
In notes, by distance made more sweet,
Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul:
And, dashing soft from rocks around,
Bubbling runnels join'd the sound;
Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole,
Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay,
Round a holy calm diffusing,
Love of peace, and lonely musing,
In hollow murmurs died away."

_Ode on the Passions._

This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had _forgotten_ Collins when he penned the beautiful lines:

"But not to one in this benighted age,
Is that diviner inspiration given,
That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page,
The pomp and prodigality of heaven,
As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze,
The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight,
Together dart their intermingled rays,
And dazzle with a luxury of light."

_Stanzas to Mr. Bentley._

From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had contemplated placing his "Bard" in a _sitting_ posture; but I cannot but rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give part of it from Mr. Mason's edition:

"The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, are
suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, _seated_
on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice more than
human, reproaches the king with all the misery and desolation he
had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song ended, he
precipitates himself from the mountain, and is swallowed up by the
river that rolls at its foot."--Vol. i. p. 73. Lond. 1807.

The last two lines of the passage before us--

"And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire,
_Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre_"--

remind us in some degree of Cowley:

"Sic cecinit sanctus _vates_, digitosque volantes
Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit,
_Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri_."

_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 13.

Again:

"Dear as the _light that visits these sad eyes_."

Gray, _The Bard_.

"Namque _oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine coeli
Dilexit_."

_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 14.

And--

"The Attick warbler pours her _throat_."

_Ode to Spring._

"Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt _gutture_ Numen."

_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 20.

Also--

"The hues of bliss more brightly glow,
_Chastis'd_ by sabler tints of woe;
And blended form with artful strife,
The strength and harmony of life."

Gray, _On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude_.

The word _chastised_ is similarly used by Cowley:

"From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took,
_Chastised_ by bright Ahinoam's gentler look."

_Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 133.

The _idea_ of the whole passage may be found in Pope:

"Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train;
Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain;
These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd,
Make and maintain the balance of the mind;
_The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife,
Gives all the strength and colour of our life_."

_Essay on Man_, Epist. II.

Again:

"Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd,
And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind."

Gray, _The Bard_.

"Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore,
Ruin behind, and terror march'd before."

_Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 135.

Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all:

"A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth:
the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a
desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."--Joel,
ii. 3.

In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says:

"Their tears, their little triumphs o'er
Their _human passions_ now no more."

Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression _human passions_. Cowley speaks of "_humana quies_" (_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says:

"---- Carminibus quae versant atque venenis
_Humanos animos_."--_Sat._ viii. 19. lib. i.

_Human passions_ is not, however, a _creation_ of Gray's; for, if not anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since the days of Dr. South. See his _answer_ to Dr. Trapp's _Not Righteous overmuch_, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his _Serious Call_, cap. xii. p. 137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816.

To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these few passages on reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise I should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield adduces from Pope's _Eloisa to Abelard_:

"One _human tear_ shall drop, and be forgiven."

"Noble rage," Gray's _Elegy_. "Noble rage," Cowley's _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 137. Again, in the _Elegy_:

"Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower
The mopeing owl does to the moon complain
Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower,
_Molest her ancient solitary reign_."

Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; and amongst them:

"Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis
_Impugnant saevae jus inviolabile noctis_."

_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.

And in English:

"No gentle stars with their fair gems of light,
_Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night_."

_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 6.

Akenside constantly used the adjective _human_ in different conjunctions.

RT.

Warmington.

OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP.

The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty years ago used to sing it. Is it known?

Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame,
The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name;
And she had a hen of a wondrous size,
The like you never beheld with your eyes:
It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs,
And every year laid her a bushel of eggs,
Which made her resolve for to set it with speed,
Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed.

Now as she was setting her hen on a day,
A shepherd came by, and thus he did say:
"Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then,
"I'm going to set my miraculous hen."
"O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm,
And that they may prosper and come to no harm,
You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap,
And then all your chickens will come to good hap."

"O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she,
"But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee;
For this very moment I'll trudge up and down,
And borrow one, if there be one in the town."
So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say:
"O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray,
For I'm going to set my miraculous hen,
And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again."

The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied:
"Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied;
But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed,
And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head.
But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill,
I know she had one, and she may have it still;
Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know."
"Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go.

So, straight to the house of the miller she went,
And told her that she by her cousin was sent,
To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare,
'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear.
"I do not dispute but such things there may be;
But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me?
For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife,
And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life.

"But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan,
I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone,
Tell her to lend it to you for my sake,
Which I the same for a great favour shall take."
So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay,
And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay,
"I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend,
A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend."

The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown,
"Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown;
Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had,
For fear it should make my old husband run mad.
In town there are many young damsels, perhaps,
Who may be ingenious in making these caps,
But as for their names, I really can't say,
So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray."

Now Joan being tired and weary withal,
She said, "I've had no good fortune at all.
I find that it is the beginning of sorrow,
To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow.
A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed,
A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed:
But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan,
"Before it be long, I'll have one of my own."

J. R. RELTON.

THE GODODIN.

This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author of _Celtic Researches_, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more reference to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and GOMER might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been correct. _Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and 642._ The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:--

"O ved O vuelin,
O Gattraeth werin,
Mi a na vi Aneurin
Ys gwyr Taliesin,
Oveg cyvrenhin
Neu cheing Ododin
Cyn gwawr dydd dilin."

These lines may be thus translated:--

"Of mead from the mead horn,
Of the host of Cattraeth,
I, Aneurin, will do
What is known to Taliesin,
A man of kindred disposition.
Will I not sing of what befell
Gododin, before the break of day?"

From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were in league with the Novantae of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell to battle _before the break of day_; and the bard, seeing them falling helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I invite the attention of English antiquaries. The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the site is variously named Degstan, Daegsanstane, and Egesanstane; but antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the French.

Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year 640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)."

At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in 472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This passage in Aneurin--

"Under foot was gravel,
Stretched out was my leg
_In the subterranean house_,
And an iron chain
Was bound about my knees,"

shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the historic period.

One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the battle of Mannan was the last great event before the battle of Cattraeth. The first of these passages is--

"Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt
. . . . . .
Rae ergit _Cadfannan_ catwyt."

"_Caeog_ was a conflictor with destructive pikes.
. . . . . .
He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight."

_Caeog_, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (_Elegies of Llywarch Hen_, p. 70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he escaped from the blows of Mannan, and _afterwards_ fell at Cattraeth. Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:--

"He loved the battling of spears,
At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned."

"Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr
Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr."

Again he says of another chief:--

"Yn dieding . . . . .
Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre,
Veirch marchawg goddrud y more."

"Resistless
As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight,
He was an impetuous rider that morning."

Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (_Annals of Ulster_):

"DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran."

The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also present.

These few annotations from a new translation of _The Gododin_ now in MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent GOMER that I am justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a correct text, and a judicious version of _The Gododin_, he had better subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the _Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_), now about to issue from the Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is very scarce.

Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston?

THOS. STEPHENS.

FOLK LORE.

_Lincolnshire Folk Lore._--The following, illustrating as it does a superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from Holly's _Lincolnshire Notes_, vol. iii. fol. 358.:--

"The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in
Linc, w[=c]h he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a
native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus:

"At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars
(curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert
Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to
watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare
following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they
addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his
chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would
p[=s]ently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell
(attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine
shapes p[=s]nting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he
thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and all
of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being
asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest.
This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast
ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for
Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord
would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe
in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that
died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about fower
score.

"Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby."

EDWARD PEACOCK.

Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey.

Minor Notes.

_Modern Greek Names of Places._--It is commonly stated in books of geography that the modern name of Athens is _Statines_. In Hennin's _Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne_ it is stated to be _Satines_ or _Atini_; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent _Numismatic Manual_, makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the modern name of Cos is _Stanco_; and this has been repeated in all maps and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the Archipelago series, where it is called _Cos_.

The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains its plural termination, and is always used with the article, [Greek: hai Athenai]. If you ask a peasant walking from the Piraeus whither he is going, he will answer you, [Greek: Eis tas Athenas], but will rapidly enunciate it as follows, [Greek: 's't'sAthenas], whence _Statines_, lately reduced to _Satines_.

I am surprised that Cos was not set down as _Stinco_ rather than _Stanco_, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, the [Greek: karaboukyri], or skiff-master, would certainly reply [Greek: sten Ko], if Cos were his destination.

I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now called _Stives_. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall not easily forget the stately dignity with which he tossed his capote over his shoulder, and answered [Greek: eimi Thebaios]--I am a Theban. The bold Boeotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken to him of _Stives_, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he was going [Greek: 's tas Thebas].

The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of [Greek: sten polin]; and we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that the capital of England is called _Tolondon_, and that of France _Apari_.

L. H. J. T.

"_There is no mistake._"--The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the following easy style:

"I hope that you will be pleased with _our_ battle, of which the
dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. _There
was no mistake_, everything went on as it ought; and there never
was an army so beaten in so short a time."

The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the sentence now so well known.

F. W. J.

_Remarkable Prophecy._--The following prediction of St. Caesario, Bishop of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled _Liber Mirabilis_, printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, Paris:--

"The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended,
that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall
extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall
be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring
up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one
true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be
put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a
profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal
church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction
of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. The
altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins outraged
shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall be stripped
of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle and the lion
shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to thee, O city
of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive humbled even to
confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and destroy the
children of Brutus."

ALPHA.

_The Ball that killed Nelson_ (Vol. iv., p. 174.).--

"The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of
the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable
portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette,
with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace was
as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal while in
a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, &c., was
mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain Hardy to
the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the Victory."

I have extracted this from the _Illustrated London News_, First Number. If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman.

BLOWEN.

_Gypsies._--The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident from the following comparison:

Sanscrit. Hungarian Spanish
Gypsy. Gitano.
1. eka jek yeque
2. dwaou dui dui
3. traya trin trin
4. tchatouara schtar estar
5. panyntcha pansch pansche
6. chach tschov job
7. sapta efta hefta
8. achtaou ochto otor
9. nava enija esnia
10. dasa doesch deque

The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique_; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's _Zuicali_, vol. ii. p. 118.

T. J. BUCKTON.

Lichfield.

Queries.

DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD.

The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant _his_ accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the introduction of the letter "E."

"_Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a
House at Karlsbad._

"'Hora Hor[I]s [CE]d[I]t, pere[V]nt s[IC] Te[M]pora nob[I]s,
[V]t t[I]b[I] f[I]nal[I]s s[I]t bona, [VIV]e bene.'

"The letters which are written in capitals were so in the original
inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram of some
one's name is concealed under them."

Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall feel greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who will inform me of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood.

There are four--one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in Hebrew--on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if possible.

There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told:

"Soli Soli Soli."

What can be the interpretation thereof?

Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's _Art of Dialling_, and the curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious translations of the same; as _e.g._

"Aut Caesar, aut nullus."
(I shine, or shroud!)

Or--

"Sic transit gloria mundi:"
(So marches the god of day!!)

But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence.

HERMES.

SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN.

Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the _Athenaeum_ of the 22nd November, 1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of _The Duke of Guise_. This rare composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the following

"ADVERTISEMENT.

"There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it,
against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged,
that a defence of this nature would require more room than a
preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the
importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, 'tis
deferred for some little time, and will be printed by itself. Most
men are already of opinion that neither of the pamphlets deserve
an answer, because they are stuffed with open falsities, and
sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, they shall have a
day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break an old custom for
their sakes, which was to scorn them."

Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence?

The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, _maugre_ the unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it _in toto_, accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample matter, as the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES" have lately shown, for a new volume of Dryden Miscellanies.

HENRY CAMPKIN.

Minor Queries.

332. _Barrister._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? I can find none even in the comprehensive _Etymological Dictionary_ of Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been written "roister." But as this analysis would _render_ it so little characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the "roisters," _i.e._ "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate derivation, than "Bar-roister."

W. Y.

333. _Indian Jugglers._--Can any of your readers favour me with references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it.

N.

334. _Priory of Hertford._--The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took place?

The Rev. DR. ROCK had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one.

J. L.

335. _Jacobus Creusius_ (_or Crucius_).--_Jacobi Creusii Theologi et Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas._ I should be greatly obliged by any information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so mentioned in a MS. of 1677.

S. W. RIX.

Beccles.

336. _Clekit House._--In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this item:

"My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement
called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to them
belonginge,--except the ij tenements called the _Clekit_ House."

What is the meaning of _Clekit_? In the E.-Anglian dialect, _clicket_ is "to chatter." Phillips has "CLICKET, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer uses it for a key."

BURIENSIS.

337. _Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee._--Who is the author of a modern ballad on the Rising of the Vendee, of which the last lines are--

"We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore
down old Vetier--
We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them
with a cheer--
We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to
sparkling Rhone.
Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall
have his own!'"

D. B. J.

338. _Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."_--In some of the early quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is as follows:--

"Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led,
(O why should death on him such outrage show?)
And all his passing skill with him is fled,
The fame whereof doth daily greater grow;
But if on me some little drops would flow
Of that the spring was in his learned head,
I soon should learn these words to wail my woe,
And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed."

The last line is a good specimen of alliteration.

E. N. W.

Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851.

339. _Prophecy respecting 1837._--I remember seeing in the year 1837, I think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the above-named year:--

"By the power to see through the ways of Heaven,
In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven,
Shall the year pass away without any spring,
And on England's throne shall not sit a king."

Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed after the events related took place--that is, at the time the lines appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what year?

N. L. N.

Maidstone.

340. _Lines on the Bible._--In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are ascribed to Byron:

"Within this awful volume lies
The mystery of mysteries;
Oh! happiest they of human race
To whom our God has given grace
To hear, to read, to fear, to pray,
To lift the latch, and force the way:
But better had they ne'er been born
Who read to doubt, or read to scorn."

Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author?

JOHN ALGOR.

Sheffield.

341. _En bon et poyer._--The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, "Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation?

FRANCIS M. NICHOLS.

342. _"England expects every man," &c._--For nearly fifty years our countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal--

"England expects every man to do his duty."

Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to see upon the column in Trafalgar Square,

"England expects every man _will_ do his duty."

Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands?

E. N. H.

343. _Religious Houses in East Sussex._--Can any of your readers refer me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's _Monasticon_, respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: _Otham_, _Bayham_, _Michelham_, _Robertsbridge_?

E. V.

344. _Parish Registers--Right of Search--Fees claimable._--Considerable attention has of late been excited with reference to the difficulties attending the ordinary means of access to various public depositories of documentary evidence in this country. In some of these departments, the commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; others, it is but reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank and inquisitive spirit of the times in this respect. The present communication is confined to a very wide, though less dignified source of official information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say one word to illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of evidence to the genealogist, the topographer, or the archaeological inquirer in general,--in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of the "NOTES AND QUERIES." I beg, therefore, to submit the following inquiries:

1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, _gratuitously_? If not:--

2. What fee is _legally_ demandable,--and by whom,--and under what restrictions? And--

3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a _parishioner_? If so, in what respect do they differ?

These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my concern is with the strictly _legal_ rights of search, and demand of fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction.

D.

Rotherfield.

345. _Bacon a Poet._--In Boswell's Journal of his _Tour to the Hebrides_ he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says--

"Who then to frail mortality shall trust,
But limns the water, or but writes in dust."

Is not _Bacon_ here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, and none of them that I know wrote verses.

R. CS.

346. _Tregonwell Frampton._--Where can I obtain any particulars of the life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to him in the _Rambler_.

T. R. W.

347. _Weever and Fuller--their Autographs wanted._--Can any of your readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopaedias his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what inscription is there on his "funeral monument?"

An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the _Antiquarian Etching Club_, of Fuller, the author of _Worthies_, _Church History_, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, unless one should be discovered.

It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of the university would kindly undertake the inquiry.

A. E. C.

348. _Is the Badger Amphibious?_--Turner (_Sacred History of the World_,