Chapter III: Act I: Sc. 1

Of the two editions of _The Raigne of King Edward the Third_, consulted by Capell before publishing the play in his _Prolusions_, the first was printed in 1596, the second in 1599.

C. FORBES.

Temple.

_Godfrey Higgins's Works_ (Vol. iv., p. 152.).--Perhaps it may not be uninteresting to OUTIS to know that one of the works of Mr. Higgins called forth one, whose title I send:

"Animadversions on a Work entitled 'An Apology for the Life and
Character of the celebrated Prophet of Arabia called Mohamed or
the Illustrious, by Godfrey Higgins, Esq.;' with Annotations, by
the Rev. P. Inchbald, LL.D., formerly of University College,
Oxford.

"Ταύτα μὲν οὖν πρὸς τὰς βλασφημίας.

"Published at Doncaster, 1830."

H. J.

_Ancient Egypt_ (Vol. iv., p. 152.).--This Query, although partially answered in Vol. iv., pp. 240. 302., has hitherto received no reply on the subject of the "Ritual of the Dead." Brugsch has just published the _Sai an Sinsin, sive Liber Metempsychosis, &c._, from a papyrus in the Museum at Berlin, with an interlinear Latin translation, and a _transcript_ of the original in _modern_ characters, in conformity with the plan which he adopted in his interpretation of the hieroglyphic portion of the Rosetta Inscription, published in the early part of the present year. S. P. H. T. will find some of the information he requires in the _former_, if not in _both_ of these volumes.

P. Z.

_Crosses and Crucifixes_ (Vol. iv., pp. 422. 485.).--Your correspondent SIR J. E. TENNENT, in extracting from his volume on _Modern Greece_ (vol. ii. p. 266.), has given fresh currency to a singular error. The Council of Trullo was cited by him in 1830, and is again quoted as ordering "that thenceforth fiction and allegory should cease, and _the real figure of the Saviour be depicted on the tree_;" and we are referred to _Can. 82. Act. Concil._ Paris, 1714, v. iii., col. 1691, 1692. But should your readers turn to the canons of that council they would be disappointed at finding nothing about the cross, and one is curious to know how an historian could have been led into so singular a mistake. Johnson (see _Clergyman's Vade Mecum_, Part II., p. 283. third edit.) thus gives the substance of the canon:--

"82. Whereas, among the venerable pictures, the Lamb is
represented as pointed at by the finger of his forerunner [John
the Baptist], which is only a symbol or shadow; we, having due
regard to the type, but preferring the anti-type, determine that
he be for the future described more perfectly, and that the
portraicture of a man be made instead of the old Lamb: that by
this we may be reminded of His incarnation, life, and death."

And though I have not the precise edition at hand to which SIR J. E. TENNENT refers, yet on turning to Labbé, I find that Johnson has correctly epitomized the canon in question.

"In nonnullis venerabilium imaginum picturis, agnus qui digito
præcursoris monstratur, depingitur, qui ad gratiæ figuram
assumptus est, verum nobis agnum per legem Christum Deum nostrum
præmonstrans. Antiquas ergo figuras et umbras, ut veritatis signa
et characteres ecclesiæ traditos, amplectentes, gratiam et
veritatem præponimus, eum ut legis implementum suscipientes. Ut
ergo quod perfectum est, vel colorum expressionibus omnium oculis
subjiciatur, ejus qui tollit peccata mundi, Christi Dei nostri
humana forma characterem etiam in imaginibus deinceps pro veteri
agno erigi ac depingi jubemus: ut per ipsum Dei verbi
humiliationis celsitudinem mente comprehendentes, ad memoriam
quoque ejus in carne conversationis, ejus passionis et salutaris
mortis deducamur, ejusque quæ ex eo facta est mundo
redemptionis."--_Labbé, Sacros. Concil._ t. vi., p. 1177. Paris,
1671.

W. DN.

_Rotten Row_ (Vol. i., p. 441.; Vol. ii., p. 235.).--May I be allowed to re-open the question as to the origin of this name, by suggesting that it may arise from the woollen stuff called _rateen_? A "Rateenrowe" occurs in 1437 in Bury St. Edmund's, which was the great cloth mart of the north-eastern parts of the kingdom; and where, at the same time, were a number of rows named after trades, as "Lyndraper Row," "Mercer's Row," "Skynner Rowe," "Spycer's Rowe," &c. What is the earliest known instance of the word?

BURIENSIS.

_Borough-English_ (Vol. iv., pp. 133. 214. 235. 259.).--Watkins' _Copyholds_ furnishes in its appendix a list of the customs of different manors, and therein specifies those which are subject to the custom of Borough-English. With regard to there being any instance on record of its being carried into effect in modern times, there must not be a mistake between the custom which now exists, and that which some authors assert was the origin of it. The custom is, that the youngest son inherits in exclusion of his eldest brothers; this is exercised, or it could not exist. But the custom to which reference has been made, as having been stated by some authors to be the origin of the existing custom of Borough-English, is not mentioned by Littleton as such. He gives a different reason, namely:

"Because the younger son, by reason of his tender age, is not so
capable as the rest of his brethren to provide for himself."

And Blackstone adduces a third from the practice of the Tartars, among whom, on the authority of Father Duhalde, he states that this custom of descent to the youngest son also prevails, and gives it in these words:--

"That nation is composed totally of shepherds and herdsmen; and
the elder sons, as soon as they are capable of leading a pastoral
life, migrate from their father with a certain allotment of
cattle, and go to seek a new habitation. The youngest son,
therefore, who continues latest with the father, is naturally the
heir of his house, the rest being already provided for. And thus
we find that among many other northern nations, it was the custom
for all the sons but one to migrate from the father, which one
became his heir. So that possibly this custom, wherever it
prevails, may be the remnant of that pastoral state of our British
and German ancestors, which Cæsar and Tacitus describe."

T. COPEMAN.

Aylsham, Norfolk.

_Tonge of Tonge_ (Vol. iv., p. 384.).--This very ancient family did not become extinct, as conjectured by your correspondent J. B. (Manchester). Jonathan Tonge of Tonge, gent., by will, dated Sept. 7, 1725, devised his estate "to be sold to the best purchaser," and appointed his brother Thomas Tonge, gent., who had a family, one of his executors. In the year following, the whole estate was purchased for 4350_l._ by Mr. John Starky of Rochdale, a successful attorney, in whose representative it is now vested. The Tonges deduced their descent from Thomas de Tonge, _probably_ a natural son of Alice de Wolveley (herself the heiress of the family of Prestwich of Prestwich), living 7 Edw. II. 1314, as appears by an elaborate pedigree of the family (sustained by original evidences), in my possession, and at the service of J. B.

F. R. R.

Milnrow Parsonage.

_Queen Brunéhaut_ (Vol. iv., p. 193.).--"That monster queen Brunéhaut!" For these two centuries there have been writers, beginning with Pasquier, and apparently gathering weight and influence, who are by no means disposed to bestow that epithet upon Brunéhaut, whose executioners were monsters certainly at any rate.

C. B.

"_Essex Broad Oak_" (Vol. v., p. 10.).--In "the Forest," two or three miles from Bishop Stortford, is the ruin of an old oak, from which the parish no doubt takes its name of Hatfield Broad Oak. There is a print of this tree in Arthur Young's _Survey of Essex_.

If the rural readers of "N. & Q." will observe whether the finest specimens of oaks have their acorns growing, on long or short stalks (_quercus sessiliflora_ or _pedunculata_), they might throw much light on the questions, Have we two distinct English oaks? and, if so, Which makes the largest and best timber? The timber used inside old buildings, and erroneously often called chesnut, is supposed to be the sessiliflora variety of oak, placed inside because it is not so durable as the quercus pedunculata. But I have been lately informed this variety is in Sussex selected, as the best, for Portsmouth Dockyard!

In the year 1783 my grandfather first drew attention to the two varieties of English oaks, in the _Gentleman's Magazine_, p. 653. He was brother of Gilbert White of Selborne, and an equally acute observer of Nature. Loudon, in his _Arboretum_, has collected much information, but has left the question pretty much where it was seventy years since. Surely it is time we knew precisely what is the tree of which our wooden walls are made.

A. HOLT WHITE.

Brighton.

_Frozen Sounds and Sir John Mandeville_ (Vol. iii., pp. 25. 71.).--Your correspondent M. A. LOWER says with truth, that the passage about frozen voices was not to be found in the knight's published work; but neither he nor any other of your contributors seems to have found the original of it. In the _Tatler_, No. 254., the illustrious Isaac Bickerstaff informs us that some manuscripts of Mandeville's and of Ferdinand Mendis Pinto's, not hitherto included in their published works, had come into his hands, from which he purposed making extracts from time to time; and then proceeds to give us the identical story which your correspondent J. M. G. appears to have taken for a real bit of Mandeville, in ignorance or forgetfulness of its origin: for I cannot suppose any one so dull as to take the passage in the _Tatler_ in sober earnest. Steele no doubt took the story from Rabelais or Plutarch, and fathered it upon one whose name (much better known than his works) had become proverbial as that of a liar.

J. S. WARDEN.

Balica.

_Separation of Sexes in Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 94.).--In Christ Church, Birmingham, the males are (or were) separated from the females, which gave rise to the following lines, which I quote from Allen's _Guide to Birmingham_:

"The churches and chapels we generally find,
Are the places where men unto women are join'd;
But at Christ Church, it seems, they are more cruel-hearted,
For men and their wives are brought there to be parted."

ESTE.

_Deep Wells_ (Vol. iv., p. 492.).--Besides streams and sunk wells, there is of course another source of water arising from natural springs; and there are some on both sides of the Banstead Down, which are very considerable. The chief, probably, is the source of the River Wandle, at Carshalton, pronounced (with the same omission of the _r_ which P. M. M. notices) as if it was spelt _Case-_, or _Cays-horton_.

But there is a very strong one at Merstham. These are both at the foot of the Chalk hills. P. M. M. does not mention the geological causes on which the relations between wells or springs depend. About thirty-five years ago the spring at Merstham, which feeds a considerable spring, failed, and there was a great dispute whether it was owing to excavations in the neighbourhood. An action was brought, which decided that it was not attributable to them; upon which I believe Mr. Webster and Mr. Phillips, eminent geological authorities, were examined, and which led, perhaps, to their respective accounts, in the _Geological Transactions_, of the structure of that valley. The story was, that, after having gained the cause, the proprietor of the quarries said, "I think we may let them have their water back again." Certain it is that after some time the water did return.

The Galt clay almost everywhere underlies chalk: this at Merstham is 200 feet thick, and upon the pitch and situation of it many apparently strange phenomena of wells would depend, as is noticed with regard to another clay stratum at Norton St. Philips, near Bath, in Conybeare and Phillips' _Geology_.

There are very deep wells throughout the London clay, and other beds below it, perhaps, at Wimbledon and at Richmond Park. The deep well at Carisbrook Castle is well known. That is in the chalk; and where, the chalk being thrown into a vertical position, it may be still farther to the bottom of it.

C. B.

_Dictionary of Hackneyed Quotations_ (Vol. iv., p. 405.).--I am glad to find, from the communication by H. A. B., that a book of the above description is likely to appear. The want of such a book has long been felt, and its appearance will fill up a gap in literature: how it could so long have escaped the notice of publishers is a mystery. "Though lost to sight, to memory dear," the author of which H. A. B. inquires for, is, I think, not likely to be found in any author. My impression is, that it cannot be traced up to any definite source: I remember it only as a motto on a seal which was in my possession nearly thirty years ago.

MANCUNIUM.

Manchester.

_Macaulay's Ballad of Naseby_ (Vol. iv., p. 485.).--It was reprinted by Charles Knight in the _last_ (or _octavo_) series of the _Penny Magazine_, vol. ii., p. 223. With it is the companion called "The Cavalier's March to London." It will not be very easy for authors to shake off their juvenile productions, while "N. & Q." is in existence; nor need Mr. Macaulay be ashamed of these ballads. They are spirited, and pleasant to read.

M.

_Ducks and Drakes_ (Vol. iv., p. 502.).--An extract from Mr. Bellenden Ker's account of the origin and meaning of these words, will answer M. W. B.'s question in the affirmative.

DUCKS AND DRAKES.

"As the boys play by skimming a flat stone along the surface of
the water; so as to cause it to make as many bounds or ricochets
as the skimmer's strength and dexterity can enforce. The
superiority, in the play, is decided by the greatest number of
times the stone touches and bounds upon the surface, in
consequence of the way it is slung from the hand of the performer.
_D'hach's aen der reyckes_ q.e. _the hazard_ [_event_] _is upon
the touches_; the issue of the game depends upon the number of
bounds [separate touchings] made on the surface of the water. When
we say, _he has made ducks and drakes of his money_, it is merely
in the sense of, he has thrown it away childishly and hopelessly;
and the stone is the boy's throw for a childish purpose, and sinks
at the end of its career, to be lost in the water."--_Essay on the
Archæology of our Popular Phrases and Nursery Rhymes_, vol. ii.,
p. 140.

C. FORBES.

Temple.

_John Holywood, the Mathematician_ (Vol. iii., p. 389.).--I do not observe that any one has replied to the Query of DR. RIMBAULT, as to the birth-place of _John Holywood, the Mathematician_. I presume he means _Johannes a Sacrobosco_, who died in Paris A.D. 1244, and was the author of the treatise _De Sphærâ_ and other works. In Harris's _History of the County of Down_: Dublin, 1744., p. 260., a claim to the honour of his birth is made on behalf of the town of Holywood, about four miles from Belfast, where he is said to have been a brother of the order of the Franciscans, who had a friary there. Some of the sculptured stones of the building may still be seen in the walls of the ruined church which stands upon its site; and its lands form part of the estate of Lord Dufferin and Clandeboy.

J. EMERSON TENNENT.

London.

_Objective and Subjective_ (Vol. v., p. 11.)--From the tone of X.'s inquiry into the meaning of this antithesis, it is tolerably plain that no answer will make _him_ confess that it is intelligible; yet it was familiar in the best times of our philosophical literature, and the words, according to this, their philosophical opposition, occur in Johnson's _Dictionary_. I think it is desirable to avoid this phraseology, but the meaning of it may be made clear enough to any one who wishes to understand it. The _object_ on which man employs his senses or his thoughts, are distinct enough from the man himself, the _subject_ in which the senses and the thoughts exist. Several years ago an Edinburgh Reviewer complained that Germans, and Germanized Englishmen, were beginning to use _objective_ and _subjective_ for _external_ and _internal_. This is a sort of rough approximation to the meaning of the terms. But perhaps the distinction is better illustrated by examples. We call Homer an objective, Lucan a subjective, poet, because the former tells his story about external objects and wants, interposing little which belongs to himself. Lucan, on the other hand, is perpetually introducing reflections arising from the internal character of his own mind. Objective truth is language which agrees with the facts, correctness. Subjective truth is language which agrees with the convictions of the speaker, veracity.

Perhaps X. will allow me to ask in turn, what is "a physical ignoramus," the character in which he begs some of your intelligent readers to enlighten him.

I have said above that I think this mode of expressing the antithesis better avoided; I will state why. It puts the man who thinks, and the objects about which he thinks, side by side, as if they were alike and co-ordinate. It implies the view of some one who can look at both of them; whereas, the thing to be implied is the opposition between being looked at and looking. Hence _subjective_ is a bad word; a man is not, in ordinary language, the _subject_ of his own senses or of his own thoughts, merely because they are in him. The antithesis would be better expressed in many cases, by the words _objective_ and _mental_, or _objective_ and _cogitative_. But different words would be eligible in different cases.

W. W.

_Plant in Texas_ (Vol. iv., pp. 208. 332.).--In turning over some papers I found the following paragraph:

"Major Alvord has discovered a singular plant of the Western
Prairies, said to possess the peculiarity of pointing north and
south, and to which he has given the name of Silphium Laciniatum.
No trace of iron has been discovered in the plant; but, as it is
full of resinous matter, Major Alvord suggests that its polarity
may be due to electric currents."

JOHN C. WHISTAIR.

_Lord Say and Printing_ (Vol. iv., p. 344.).--In Milman's edition of _Gibbon's Autobiography_, there occurs a passage respecting his ancestor, Lord Treasurer Say, from which it appears that the great historian doubted the accuracy of Shakspeare's allusion (which he quotes). I have not the book with me, or I would refer MR. FRAZER to the page. I think Gibbon would not have rested content with a mere assertion of his opinion, if a fact so creditable to his ancestor's understanding were capable of proof.

NICÆENSIS.

_Age of Trees_ (Vol. iv., pp. 401. 448.).--Since the note on the age of trees appeared, my attention has been called to a discussion of the subject in an article on Decandolle's _Vegetable Physiology_, written I believe by Prof. Henslow, in the _Foreign Quarterly Review_, vol. xi. p. 368-71. With respect to the yew near Fountains Abbey, he remarks as follows:

"In the first of these examples, we have the _testimony of
history_ for knowing that this tree was in existence, and must
have been of considerable size, in the year 1133, _it being
recorded_ that the monks took shelter under it whilst they were
rebuilding Fountains Abbey."--p. 369.

Query: Where is this historical testimony to be found? Nothing is said on the subject in the account of Fountains Abbey in Dugdale's _Monasticon_, vol. v., p. 286. ed. 1825.

With respect to the Shelton Oak (Vol. iv., p. 402.) the movements of Owen Glendower, at the time of the battle of Shrewsbury, are accurately detailed in the life of him inserted in Pennant's _Tours in Wales_, vol. iii., p. 355. (ed. 1810); and the account there given is inconsistent with the story of his having ascended a tree in order to count Percy's troops. It appears that at the time of the battle he was at Oswestry, at the head of 12,000 men.

Lord Campbell, in his _Lives of the Chief Justices_, describes the suicide of Sir William Hankford, Chief Justice in the reigns of Henry V. and VI., who is said to have contrived to get himself shot at night by his own keeper. Lord Campbell quotes Prince, the author of the _Worthies of Devon_, p. 362. as stating that--

"This story is authenticated by several writers, and the constant
traditions of the neighbourhood; and I, myself, have been shown
the rotten stump of an old oak under which he is said to have
fallen, and it is called _Hankford's Oak_ to this day."--See
_Lives of the Chief Justices_, vol. i., c. 4. p. 140.

L.

_Grimes-dyke_ (Vol. iv., p. 454.)--Your correspondents appear to have overlooked _Offandíc_, _Wodnesdíc_ (so often mentioned in the Saxon charters), and _Esendike_--doubtless so named in memory of Esa, the progenitor of the kings of Bernicia--and _Gugedíke_, which I suspect is an old British form for Gog's dike (Fr. _Yagiouge_), as well as _Grimanleáh_ (Wood of Horrors), and _Grimanhyl_. It is true we find the _Grimsetane-gemáero_ in Worcestershire (_Cod. Dipl._, No. 561.); but we also find _Wódnesbeorg_ (_Id._ No. 1035.). Allow me to give you the substance of a remark of Professor H. Léo of Halle on this subject. (_Ang. Säch. Ortsnamen_, p. 5.)

"Wild, dismal places are coupled with the names of grim, fabulous
creatures: thus, in Charter 957, King Eadwig presented to Odo,
Archbishop of Canterbury, a territorial property at 'Hel-ig' (on
the Islet of Helas). A morass is cited which is called, after the
ancient mythological hero, _Grindles-mère_; a pit,
_Grindles-pytt_; a small islet surrounded with water--which was to
an Anglo-Saxon a "locus terribilis"--was called _Thorn-ei_ (the
thorn tree being of ill omen). And thus, in order to express the
ordinary associations connected with neighbourhood, recourse was
had rather to mythic personages, than to abstract expressions."

I would here observe that the _Ortsnamen_ has been for some time in course of translation, with the Professor's sanction and assistance, with a view to its publication in England.

B. WILLIAMS.

Hillingdon.

_Petition respecting the Duke of Wellington_ (Vol. iv., pp. 233. 477.).--E. N. W. is assured that the petition for the recall of the Duke of Wellington was presented. Being too ill to travel several miles to a public library, I can only refer to works in which a reference to it will be found. In No. XIX. of the late _British and Foreign Quarterly_, published by Messrs. Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, is an extract from the admirable letter of his Grace to Lord Liverpool on the subject; and in Colonel Gurwood's edition of the _Wellington Dispatches_, on which the article alluded to is written, and which contains much interesting matter relating to his Grace not to be found any where else, is the whole dispatch. I asked for information relative to the petition, because I had heard that it had been destroyed, and it was too droll a document to be allowed to be lost.

ÆGROTUS.

_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. iv., pp. 305. 426.).--_Tour in Scotland_, fourth edition of Pennant's works. Mine was Dr. Latham's copy.

Description of print of Catherine, Countess of Desmond, quite correct as to face, hair, and cloak. There is no button, but over the breast it is laced. In the inside of the black hood is a damask pattern waved with flowers.

C. J. W.

_Woman torn to pieces by Wild Cats as a Punishment for Infanticide_ (Vol. iii., p. 91.).--In the _Wonders of the Universe, or Curiosities of Nature and Art_, vol. ii., p. 555., will be found the account of this affair. The culprit was named Louise Mabrée, a midwife in Paris; the corpses of no less than sixty-two infants were found in and about her house: she was sentenced to be shut up in an iron cage with sixteen wild cats, and suspended over a slow fire. When the cats became infuriated with heat and pain, they turned their rage upon her; and after thirty-five minutes of the most horrible sufferings, put an end to her existence,--the whole of the cats dying at the same time, or within two minutes after. This occurred in 1673.

J. S. WARDEN.

Balica, Oct. 1851.

"_Racked by pain, by shame confounded_" (Vol. iv., p. 7.).--These are the commencing lines of a short original poem called "The Negro's Triumph." It is to be found in the _Parent's Poetical Anthology_, edited by Mrs. Mant, p. 231. 5th edition, 1849.

T. H. KERSLEY, B.A.

_Blessing by Hand_ (Vol. iii., pp. 477. 509.).--Some drawings and descriptions of the modes of blessing by the hand are to be found, in the "Dictionary of Terms of Art," published in one of the early numbers of the _Art Journal_ for this year.

ESTE.

_Verses in Latin Prose_ (Vol. iv., p. 382.).--A. A. D. will surely thank me, if his Note on the subject do not contain it, for the _rationale_, which Sir Thomas Brown gives, _Religio Medici_, Part ii. p. 9., of the occurrence of verses in Latin prose:

"I will not say with Plato, the soul is an harmony, but
harmonical, and hath its nearest sympathy unto music: thus some,
whose temper of body agrees, and humours the constitution of their
souls, are born poets, though indeed all are naturally inclined
unto rhythm. This made Tacitus, in the very first lines of his
story, fall upon a verse (_Urbem Romam in principio regis
habuere_); and Cicero, the worst of poets, but declaiming for a
poet, falls, in the very first sentence, upon a perfect hexameter:
_In quā me non inficior mediocriter esse_."

C. W. B.

_Blakloanæ Hæresis_ (Vol. iv., pp. 193. 239. 240.).--As I was the querist concerning this work and its author, and wanted the information, I was very thankful for the satisfactory answers given. The books referred to by R. G. are not inaccessible: whether then it be needful to occupy your columns with the "particulars" required by E. A. M. (Vol. iv., p. 458.) may be a query too. The first word of the title is as above (not Blackloanæ, as your correspondents have it). E. A. M. will find that Blacklow, or Blakloe, is a soubriquet, as well as Lominus.

P. S.--On examining the book, however, I am not convinced that Peter Talbot was its "real author," though extensive use is made of what he had written; or that "Lominus" is an "imaginary divine," even if the name be a feigned one. On what ground do these assertions rest?

S. W. RIX.

Beccles.

_Quaker Bible_ (Vol. iv., pp. 87. 412.).--A MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS, who writes on the subject of a _Quaker Expurgated Bible_, appears to be unaware of the existence of a work once (I believe) well known in that body. This was an epitome or compendium of the Bible by John Kendall; it contained the greater portion of the Word of God, such parts being excluded as the editor did not consider profitable. It is probably to this book that the authoress of _Quakerism_ refers; I have, however, never seen her work. This mutilated Bible of John Kendall was frequently to be met with formerly in the houses of members of the Society of Friends; as I have not seen it for more than twenty years, I cannot tell what its exact date may be; it was, however, published in the days when all religious publications of the Society of Friends _were_ subject to the approval of a committee. In 1830, George Witley published a list of those chapters in the Bible which were "suitable" for reading in "Friends'" families; amongst other portions he excluded (I believe) the 16th of Leviticus and Psalm xxii. In _private_ he thought the whole might be read; but he says that he prepared this index because of having heard _very unsuitable_ matter read aloud! This information may be new to your correspondent.

SIMONIDES.

_Wyle Cop_ (Vol. iv., pp. 116. 243. 509.).--E. H. D. D. is in error; the Wyle Cop at Shrewsbury is _not_ an artificial bank, but a natural eminence overlooking the Severn; and I cannot agree with him in the immateriality of the meaning attached to _Wyle_. The associations connected with names are frequently of great topographical and historical value. There are many singular names of streets, &c., in Shrewsbury, which I should be glad if any of your correspondents can interpret, such as "Mardol," "Shop latch," "Bispestanes," and "Dogpole;" also the derivation of "Shut" in the sense of _passage_ or entry, a synonym with the Liverpool "Wient," which seems equally uncertain.

Βολις.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

If it be true, as we are inclined to believe, that there is no one subject in the whole wide range of speculative studies, to which the well-worn saying of Hamlet, that there are more things true than are dreamt of in our philosophy, may be applied with so much propriety as Animal Magnetism,--so we are also inclined to believe that a perusal of the two volumes recently published by Mr. Colquhoun under the title of _An History of Magic, Witchcraft, and Animal Magnetism_, will tend to convince our readers that to the same subject may be applied the yet older saying, that there is nothing new under the sun. Mr. Colquhoun, who many years since published his _Isis Revelata_, has long been a diligent inquirer into the nature and origin of the different phenomena of animal magnetism; and it would appear from the work before us, he has also been a persevering reader of all the various accounts of magic, witchcraft, and other so-called popular delusions, recorded by the writers of antiquity, and the chroniclers of the middle ages; as well as of those more modern mysteries (such as the Gustavus Adolphus Story, the Death of Ganganelli, &c.) which seem to increase in interest just in proportion as they approach to our own _more enlightened_ days. As in all the extraordinary tales which he brings forward, our author sees only manifestations of well-known mesmeric phenomena, it may well be imagined that, in recording the result of these examinations and studies, he has probed two volumes which, if they do not satisfy all our requirements upon the subject, will be found of most considerable interest, not only to all who believe in Animal Magnetism, but to all who care to investigate the nature of the human mind, its organization, and the laws which govern its action.

The success which has attended the publication of Mr. Buckley's translation of _The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent_, and the approbation bestowed upon that work by several of the highest dignitaries of the English Church, have led him to publish _The Catechism of the Council of Trent translated into English with Notes_; and there can be little doubt, from the anxiety which now exists to learn, from sources which cannot be disputed, both the points on which we differ from Rome, and those on which we agree with Rome, that the success which followed Mr. Buckley's translation of the Decrees will be extended to his English version of the _Catechism of the Council of Trent_.

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[Transcriber's Note: List of volumes and content pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I.-V.]

+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Notes and Queries Vol. I. |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 |
| Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 |
| Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 |
| Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 |
| Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 |
| Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 |
| Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 |
| Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # |
| Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 |
| Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 |
| Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 |
| Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 |
| Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 |
| Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 |
| Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 |
| Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 |
| Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 |
| Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 |
| Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 |
| Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 |
| Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 |
| Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 |
| Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 |
| Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 |
+---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
| Notes and Queries Vol. II. |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 |
| Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 |
| Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 |
| Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 |
| Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 |
| Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 |
| Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 |
| Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 |
| Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 |
| Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 |
| Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 |
| Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 |
| Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 |
| Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 |
| Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 |
| Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 |
| Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 |
| Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 |
| Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 |
| Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 |
| Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 |
| Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 |
| Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 |
| Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 |
| Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 |
+----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
| Notes and Queries Vol. III. |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 |
| Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 |
| Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 |
| Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 |
| Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 |
| Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 |
| Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 |
| Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 |
| Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 |
| Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 |
| Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 |
| Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 |
| Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 |
| Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 |
| Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 |
| Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 |
| Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 |
| Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 |
| Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 |
| Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 |
| Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 |
+-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
| Notes and Queries Vol. IV. |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 |
| Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 |
| Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 |
| Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 |
| Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 |
| Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 |
| Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 |
| Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 |
| Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 |
| Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 |
| Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 |
| Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 |
| Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 |
| Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 |
| Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 |
| Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 |
| Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 |
| Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 |
| Vol. IV No. 111 | Dec. 13, 1851 | 465-478 | PG # 39393 |
| Vol. IV No. 112 | Dec. 20, 1851 | 481-494 | PG # 39438 |
| Vol. IV No. 113 | Dec. 27, 1851 | 497-510 | PG # 39503 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Notes and Queries Vol. V. |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol. V No. 114 | January 3, 1852 | 1-18 | PG # 40171 |
+-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
| Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 |
| INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 |
| INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 |
| INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME. JULY-DEC., 1851 | PG # 40166 |
+------------------------------------------------+------------+