Chapter I: Front Matter

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OLD TAVERN SIGNS

OLD TAVERN SIGNS

An Excursion in the History of Hospitality

by

FRITZ ENDELL

With Illustrations by the Author

Published by Houghton Mifflin Company Printed at The Riverside Press Cambridge Mdccccxvi

Copyright, 1916, by Houghton Mifflin Company All Rights Reserved

Published November 1916

THIS EDITION, PRINTED AT THE RIVERSIDE PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, CONSISTS OF FIVE HUNDRED AND FIFTY NUMBERED COPIES, OF WHICH FIVE HUNDRED ARE FOR SALE. THIS IS NUMBER 5

Preface

For a sign! as indeed man, with his singular imaginative
faculties, can do little or nothing without signs.
CARLYLE

The author’s love of the subject is his only apology for his bold undertaking. First it was the filigree quality and the beauty of the delicate tracery of the wrought-iron signs in the picturesque villages of southern Germany that attracted his attention; then their deep symbolic significance exerted its influence more and more over his mind, and tempted him at last to follow their history back until he could discover its multifarious relations to the thought and feeling of earlier generations.

For the shaping of the English text the author is greatly indebted to his American friends Mr. D. S. Muzzey, Mr. Emil Heinrich Richter, and Mr. Carleton Noyes.

Contents

I. HOSPITALITY AND ITS TOKENS 1
II. ANCIENT TAVERN SIGNS 23
III. ECCLESIASTICAL HOSPITALITY AND ITS SIGNS 47
IV. SECULAR HOSPITALITY: KNIGHTLY AND POPULAR SIGNS 75
V. TRAVELING WITH SHAKESPEARE AND MONTAIGNE 101
VI. TAVERN SIGNS IN ART--ESPECIALLY IN PICTURES BY THE DUTCH
MASTERS 127
VII. ARTISTS AS SIGN-PAINTERS 141
VIII. THE SIGN IN POETRY 167
IX. POLITICAL SIGNS 187
X. TRAVELING WITH GOETHE AND FREDERICK THE GREAT 217
XI. THE ENGLISH SIGN AND ITS PECULIARITIES 235
XII. THE ENEMIES OF THE SIGN AND ITS END 259
ENVOY: AND THE MORAL? 277
BIBLIOGRAPHY 291
INDEX 297

Illustrations

OLD DUTCH SIGNS _Frontispiece_
_From a painting by Gerrit and Job Berkheyden_

ZUM SCHIFF, IN STUTTGART _Title-Page_

ZUM OCHSEN, IN BIETIGHEIM, WÜRTTEMBERG vi

THE COCK, IN FLEET STREET, LONDON 2

ADAM AND EVE 5
_From an engraving by Hogarth_

ELEFANT AND CASTLE, LONDON 7
_From an old woodcut_

ENGEL, IN MURRHARDT, WÜRTTEMBERG 11

ZUM GOLDNEN ANKER IN BESIGHEIM, WÜRTTEMBERG 20

ENGEL, IN WINNENDEN, WÜRTTEMBERG 24

ZUM RAD, IN RAVENSBURG, WÜRTTEMBERG 37

ZUM WILDEN MANN, IN ESSLINGEN, WÜRTTEMBERG 38

ROMAN TAVERN SIGN FROM ISERNIA, ITALY 43

CAMPANA AND CANONE D’ORO, IN BORGO SAN DALMAZZO, ITALY 44

LAMM, IN ERLENBACH, WÜRTTEMBERG 48

ZUM RITTER, IN DEGERLOCH, WÜRTTEMBERG 65

THE GOOD WOMAN, OLD ENGLISH SIGN 67

HIE ZUM KINDLI, IN THE COLLECTION OF THE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY
IN ZÜRICH 71

ADLER, IN LEONBERG, WÜRTTEMBERG 76

ZUM RÖSSLE, IN BOZEN, AUSTRIA 83

LE CHAT QUI DORT, MUSÉE CARNAVALET, PARIS 89

AFFENWAGEN, OLD SWISS SIGN 91

EAGLE AND CHILD, GUILDHALL MUSEUM, LONDON 100

KRONE, IN LEONBERG, WÜRTTEMBERG 102

THE FALCON, IN CHESTER, ENGLAND 105

THE OLD BLUE BOAR, IN LINCOLN, ENGLAND 115

ROSE, IN MURRHARDT, WÜRTTEMBERG 121

THE ROWING BARGE, IN WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND 125

THE TRUMPETER BEFORE A TAVERN 128
_From a painting by Du Jardin in Amsterdam_

A BAKER’S SIGN IN BORGO SAN DALMAZZO, ITALY 135

THE HALF-MOON 136
_From a painting by Teniers in London_

ZUR POST, IN LEONBERG, WÜRTTEMBERG 137

A SIGN-PAINTER 142
_From an engraving by Hogarth_

ENSEIGNE DU RÉMOULEUR, PARIS 153

THE GOAT, IN KENSINGTON, LONDON 163

ZUM GOLDNEN HIRSCH, IN LEONBERG, WÜRTTEMBERG 168

TRATTORIA DEL GALLO, IN TENDA, ITALY 184

ZUM LÖWEN, IN BIETIGHEIM, WÜRTTEMBERG 186

THE KING OF WÜRTTEMBERG, IN STUTTGART 188

ZUR KRONE, IN DEGERLOCH, WÜRTTEMBERG 191

BUTCHER SIGN IN OBERSTENFELD, WÜRTTEMBERG 197

THE DOG AND POT, IN LONDON 214

ZUR POST, IN BIETIGHEIM, WÜRTTEMBERG 218

AUX TROIS LAPINS, OLD PARISIAN SIGN 227

LAMB AND FLAG, IN EAST BATH, ENGLAND 236

THE SWAN, IN WELLS, ENGLAND 238

FOUR SWANS, IN WALTHAM CROSS, ENGLAND 240

SALUTATION INN, IN MANGOTSFIELD, ENGLAND 244
_A club sign from the museum in Taunton, England_

THE PACK-HORSE, IN CHIPPENHAM, ENGLAND 246

ZUM HIRSCHEN, IN WINNENDEN, WÜRTTEMBERG 253

CAVALLO BIANCO, IN BORGO SAN DALMAZZO, ITALY 260

THREE SQUIRRELS, IN LONDON 262

ZUR GLOCKE, IN WINNENDEN, WÜRTTEMBERG 264

ZUM SCHLÜSSEL, IN BOZEN, AUSTRIA 267

THE DOG IN SHOREDITCH 270
_From a woodcut in “A Vademecum for Malt-Worms,” in the
British Museum_

THE QUEEN, IN EXETER, ENGLAND 272

ZUM STORCHEN, A MODERN SIGN IN BIETIGHEIM 274

ZUR TRAUBE, IN STUTTGART, KOLBSTRASSE 14 276

SONNE, IN NECKARSULM, WÜRTTEMBERG 278

AN OLD LANDLORD 281
_From the “Schachbuch,” Lübeck, 1489_

DEATH AND THE LANDLORD 283
_From a Dance of Death printed in the Fifteenth Century,
now in the Court Library in Stuttgart_

ZUR SONNE IN WINNENDEN, WÜRTTEMBERG 284

THE GEORGE AND DRAGON, IN WARGRAVE, ENGLAND 286

ZUM POSTGARTEN, IN MÜNCHEN, BAVARIA 289

_The Cover-Design is from the sign of the “Goldene Sonne”
in Leonberg, Württemberg_

Old Tavern Signs

CHAPTER I

HOSPITALITY AND ITS TOKENS

Old Tavern Signs