Chapter III: Part 3

Fig. 19B. Bolt (top view).

Fig. 20B. Key.

_a._ Key. _b._ Bolt. _c._ Block, _e._ Hasp. _f f._ Tumblers.
_g._ Spring. _h._ Plate of spring.

Fig. 21B. Ancient hasp from Hetternheim, Roman.

Fig. 22B. Bronze bolt from Oppenheim, Roman.

Fig. 23B. Bronze bolt from Heddernheim, Roman.

Fig. 24B. Iron key found in the River Rhine at Mayence,
Roman.

Fig. 25B. Key for tumbler lock with ward plate, Roman ('La
Ferronnerie').

Fig. 26B. Bolt for single tumbler found in the Forest of
Compiègne, Roman ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 27B. Key to raise single tumbler lock found at Nonfous,
Switzerland, Roman ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 28B. Modern pick-lock.

Fig. 29B. Key found in Germano-Roman tomb at Niderolm (probable use
shown in fig. 9B, Plate II.).

Fig. 30B. } Anglo-Saxon keys found at Sarr, in Kent ('Archæologia
Fig. 31B. } Cantiana').

Fig. 32B. } Two keys from Bornholm, in the Baltic ('Mémoires
Fig. 33B. } de la Société Royale es Antiquaries du Nord').]

Fig. 34B. Key found at Caerwent, in Wales ("Isca Silurum").

Fig. 35B. } Two keys found in Roman villa at Hartlip, Kent
Fig. 36B. } ('Collectanea Antiqua').

Fig. 37B. } Two keys found at St. Pierre-en-Chastre, Oise.
Gaulish. From drawings taken by Gen. PITT-RIVERS,
Fig. 38B. } in the Musée de Saint Germain.

Fig. 39B. Key found at Spettisbury, near Blandford. British.
(British Museum.)

Fig. 40B. } Two keys found in Mount Caburn Camp, near Lewes,
Fig. 41B. } by the Author. British. ('Archæologia.')

Fig. 42B. Key found in Cissbury Camp, Sussex. British. ('Journal
Anthropological Institute.')

Fig. 43B. Represents the ancient mode of carrying keys on shoulder,
adapted to the British key found in Caburn. (Fig. 41B.)

Figs. 1C and 2C. Modern Scandinavian bolt and key ('La
Ferronnerie').

Fig. 1C. Front view.

Fig. 2C. Transverse section on A B.

Figs. 3C to 5C. Modern Scandinavian bolt and key, with spring A.
From a model presented by Dr. ENGELHARDT, and used in Norway.

Fig. 3C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 4C. Transverse section.

Fig. 5C. View showing keyhole.

Fig. 6C. } Two iron keys from Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne,
Fig. 7C. } France.

Fig. 8C. } Two iron keys from Colchester, Essex, ("Uriconium").
Fig. 9C. }

Fig. 10C. Iron key from Jordan Hill, near Weymouth.

Fig. 11C. Iron key from Caudebec-les Elbeuf ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 12C. Iron lock-plate found with above (fig. 11C).

Fig. 13C. } Two iron keys from Roman villa, at Hartlip, Kent
Fig. 14C. } ('Collectanea Antiqua').

Fig. 15C. } Three keys from Anglo-Saxon graves at Sarr, Kent
Fig. 16C. } ('Archæologia Cantiana').
Fig. 17C. }

Fig. 18C. Bronze key from Gotland, Iron Age ('Antiquités
Suédoises').

Fig. 19C. } Two keys from Björkö, in the Gulf of Bothnia, 8th
Fig. 20C. } or 9th Century A.D.]

Figs. 21C and 22C. Portions of Roman padlock found at Jordan Hill,
Weymouth.

Fig. 21C. Side view of lock-case and parallel bar.

Fig. 22C. Side view of bolt with spring catch. _a._ Bolt. _b b._
Perpendicular bars of bolt _c c._ Rings to slip over parallel
bar _d._ _e._ Catch springs. _f._ Hole in tube through which
bolt is passed. _g._ Key.

Figs. 23C to 25C. Roman padlocks found at Great Chesterford, Essex
('Archæological Journal').

Fig. 23C. Side view of supposed original form.

Fig. 24C. Improved form showing bolt, _a_.

Fig. 25C. Improved form without bolt.

Figs. 26C and 27C. Old Swedish padlock.

Fig. 26C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 27C. Side view of bolt and springs. _d._ Parallel bar
turning on hinge at _h_, and entering tube case at _j_.

Figs. 28C to 30C. Old Russian bronze padlock, St. Petersburg ('La
Ferronnerie').

Fig. 28C. Side view of bolt and springs.

Fig. 29C. Side view of tube case.

Fig. 30C. End of case showing aperture for springs.

Figs. 31C and 32C. Old English fetterlock, from Epping, near London.

Fig. 31C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 32C. Side view of bolt and springs A. Side and end views of
key shown above.

Fig. 33C. Fragment of bolt with springs, found in rampart in
excavations at the Norman Camp, Folkestone ('Archæologia').

Fig. 34C. Iron padlock found at Swanscombe, Kent, 15th Century
('Archæological Journal').

Fig. 35C. Longitudinal section (with key) of modern padlock, from
Rushmore, Wiltshire, spiral spring action.

Fig. 36C. Side view of modern padlock, from Paris, spiral spring
action.

Fig. 37C. Side view of modern padlock, from Germany, with spiral
spring action.

Fig. 38C. Longitudinal section of modern handcuff, from Wiltshire,
with spiral spring action, unlocked by a revolving key.]

Figs. 39C to 41C. Padlock, from Paris, probably 17th Century, spring
lock, unlocked by a revolving key.

Fig. 39C. Front view.

Fig. 40C. Transverse section.

Fig. 41C. Longitudinal section.

Figs. 42C and 43C. Old iron padlock, from Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Fig. 42C. Front view.

Fig. 43C. Side view.

Figs. 44C to 46C. Iron padlock, from the Gate of Moultan, India, of
similar construction to the Roman padlock (India Museum).

Fig. 44C. Side view.

Fig. 45C. Side view of springs.

Fig. 46C. Side view of key.

Figs. 47C and 48C. Modern iron padlock, from Cairo; the bolt
entering a socket in the parallel bar.

Fig. 47C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 48C. End and side views of key.

Figs. 49C and 50C. Modern padlock from Cairo; key with lateral
action.

Fig. 49C. Side view.

Fig. 50C. End view.

Figs. 51C and 52C. Modern padlock from India; key with lateral
action and ward; the bolt entering a socket in the parallel bar.

Fig. 51C. Side view.

Fig. 52C. End view.

Figs. 53C to 55C. Modern padlock, from Myhere, India (India Museum).

Fig. 53C. Side view.

Fig. 54C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 55C. Transverse section.

Figs. 56C and 57C. Old Egyptian manacle.

Fig. 56C. Side view.

Fig. 57C. Longitudinal section.]

Figs. 58C to 60C. Modern padlock, from Abyssinia (British Museum),
the bolt entering a socket in the parallel bar.

Fig. 58C. Side view.

Fig. 59C. Side view of bolt and springs.

Fig. 60C. Front view of key.

Figs. 61C to 63C. Modern brass Chinese padlock.

Fig. 61C. Side view.

Fig. 62C. Side view of bolts and springs.

Fig. 63C. Transverse section.

Figs. 64C to 67C. Modern brass padlock, from Yarkand (India Museum).

Fig. 64C. Side view.

Fig. 65C. Side view of bolts and springs.

Fig. 66C. Transverse section.

Fig. 67C. Longitudinal section (looking down).

Figs. 68C to 70C. Modern steel lock, from Indore, India (India
Museum).

Fig. 68C. Side view.

Fig. 69C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 70C. End view (showing keyhole).

Figs. 71C to 74C. Modern steel lock, from India (India Museum).

Fig. 71C. Side view.

Fig. 72C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 73C. End view.

Fig. 74C. End and side view of key.]

Figs. 75C to 77C. Modern padlock from Burmah, with screw ward (India
Museum).

Fig. 75C. Side view.

Fig. 76C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 77C. End view (showing keyhole).

Fig. 78C. Portion of modern padlock from Nuremberg, with screw ward.
End view, showing keyhole, with side and end views of key to same.

Figs. 79C to 81C. Modern steel lock from Indore, India, with spiral
spring action (India Museum).

Fig. 79C. Side view.

Fig. 80C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 81C. End view.

Figs. 82C to 84C. Modern steel lock from India, with screw action
(India Museum).

Fig. 82C. Side view.

Fig. 83C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 84C. End view.

Figs. 85C to 89C. Modern iron lock from Brussels, with screw action.

Fig. 85C. Side view.

Fig. 86C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 87C. Side view of staple.

Fig. 88C. End view of staple.

Fig. 89C. Side view of key.

Figs. 90C to 92C. Modern padlock from Toomkoor, Mysore, India, with
spring action compressed by a revolving key (India Museum).

Fig. 90C. Side view.

Fig. 91C. Longitudinal section (looking down).

Fig. 92C. Side view of key.]

Figs. 93C to 97C. Modern Japanese brass padlocks.

Fig. 93C. Side view.

Fig. 94C. Side view of bolt and springs.

Fig. 95C. End view (showing keyhole).

Fig. 96C. Side and end view of key.

Fig. 97C. Side view (showing keyhole).

Figs. 98C and 99C. Modern Japanese brass padlock, the springs
compressed by a revolving key.

Fig. 98C. Side view (showing keyhole).

Fig. 99C. End view, with side view of key.

Figs. 100C and 101C. Ancient bronze fish-shaped padlock ('La
Ferronnerie'), believed to be from Egypt, in the Louvre, at Paris.

Fig. 100C. Side view.

Fig. 101C. Longitudinal section.

Figs. 102C to 104C. Modern steel fish-shaped padlock, from India
(India Museum).

Fig. 102C. Side view.

Fig. 103C. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 104C. End view of key.

Figs. 105 and 106. Ancient Roman bronze lock, in the form of a
horse, belonging to Dr. JOHN EVANS, F.R.S.

Fig. 105C. Side view.

Fig. 106C. End, showing apertures for springs.

Figs. 107C to 109C. Modern brass Chinese padlock in the form of a
lion, the springs entering behind, belonging to Mr. CHUBB.

Fig. 107C. Side view.

Fig. 108C. Side view of bolt and springs.

Fig. 109C. Front view, showing method of inserting the key.

Fig. 110C. Front view of iron padlock from Cairo, also in common
use in Naples at the present time.

Fig. 111. Revolving key for raising tumblers, found in London ('La
Ferronnerie').

Fig. 112. Revolving key for raising two tumblers, found in Lothbury,
London ('Archæological Journal').]

Figs. 113 to 116. Modern wooden tumbler lock, adapted to a revolving
key, from India (India Museum).

Fig. 113. Front view. A, bolt.

Fig. 114. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 115. Transverse section.

Fig. 116. Key.

Figs. 117 to 121. Modern wooden Chinese tumbler lock, the tumblers
raised by a T-shaped key; the bolt shot with a revolving key, or
handle, _a_.

Fig. 117. Front view.

Fig. 118. Transverse section, A B.

Fig. 119. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 120. Top view of bolt.

Fig. 121. Top view of key.

Fig. 122. Roman iron key, found in London.

Fig. 123. Key from Chalons ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 124. Key from Museum at Saumur ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 125. Key from Museum at Saint Germain ('La Ferronnerie').

Fig. 126. Modern English latchkey.

Fig. 127. Lock with complex wards, used in the Middle Ages.

Figs. 128 to 130. Modern tumbler lock found at Funtley, Hants,
belonging to Mr. CHUBB.

Fig. 128. Longitudinal section.

Fig. 129. End view and section.

Fig. 130. Top view of bolt.

Fig. 131. BARRON'S tumbler lock (TOMLINSON 'On Locks and Keys').]