Chapter XLV: Appendix: The memoirs announced by Dr T. R. Lewis in the January (1)

issue of the ‘Microscopical Journal,’ and referred to at the close of my account of _Filaria Bancrofti_, having appeared, I fulfil the promise previously made (p. 202). In the few lines at my disposal I may observe that the beautiful brochure (quoted below) supplies fuller details of the results already announced by Lewis in the ‘Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.’ In respect of the nematoid hæmatozoa, the memoir is chiefly important as confirming Manson’s observations regarding the changes undergone by the Filariæ that have been transferred to the stomach of the mosquito, and especially also, as advancing some novel facts in reference to the occurrence of bird’s blood-corpuscles, associated with embryonic nematoids, in the same viscus of the insect. The worms are regarded by Lewis as transferred avian hæmatozoa, a view which gains strength by their comparison with the similar larvæ which he had detected in the blood of Indian crows (_Corvus splendens_). In Egypt, as Sonsino had himself informed me by letter, similar hæmatozoa are to be found in crows, and avian filariæ of this kind were long previously described, as Lewis and Sonsino point out, by Borell, Herbert, Schmidt, and Virchow. Facts of this order undoubtedly complicate matters, and suggest that extreme measure of caution in drawing conclusions, which Lewis himself everywhere displays.

Respecting the final changes undergone by the mosquito-filariæ before their re-entrance into the human body, Lewis does not appear to have gone further than Dr Manson. By rupturing the body of the most advanced larvæ, Lewis readily recognised the œsophagus and intestine, but he remarks, significantly, “I have not been able to distinguish any other differentiated viscus in any of the specimens, and certainly, nothing suggestive of differentiation of sex” (p. 83). In an earlier part of the memoir Dr Lewis takes objection to my view that the urinary nematoids found by me in a case of Bilharzia are genetically related to _Filaria sanguinis hominis_. His distinguished coadjutor, Dr D. Cunningham, also denies the possibility of such relationship. No doubt, if the urinary maternal worm was really oviparous my view is untenable; but the proved presence of imperfectly formed ovarian ova, in which no trace of embryonic formation was discernible, has forced upon me the conviction that prolapsus and rupture of the uterine tubes of the parent worm had occurred, and that their rupture had occasioned the escape of ova in various stages of growth. As free embryos were also detected, the adult worm was probably viviparous. There is an error in the representation of the oval-shaped ovum given in the figure (p. 183). I retain drawings of eighteen perfect nematoid ova from the Bilharzia case, and not one of these shows any double contour of the chorional envelope. In the case of the imperfect ova, the double contour is obviously due to the close apposition of the yelk-membrane to the shell-membrane, there being no true shell. As regards “a correction” which Lewis makes in respect of the question of priority of description of the mature _Filaria sanguinis hominis_ I can only find space to state frankly, that Lewis is perfectly correct. The error was quite unintentional on my part. The adult worm was first discovered by Bancroft, and upon the strength of his admittedly scanty record I named the worm _Filaria Bancrofti_. In the matter of supplying a proper diagnosis and an anatomical description I was completely anticipated by Lewis. No doubt, Dr Bancroft could have furnished a fuller description of the parasite, had he desired to do so, but here is what he says in the letter addressed to me from Melbourne on the 20th of April, 1877:--“I thought it better to send you this account of filariæ than to publish it _direct_, as you so kindly set me on the track of the investigation.” Here I feel constrained to remark that few, if any, of my many correspondents in helminthology, have displayed more engaging candour. Whilst actually writing this Appendix (April 15th, 1879) I have received a new record of filarious cases from Dr Bancroft, who also sends me some mosquitoes captured by a victimised patient whose blood swarmed with filariæ. In one of the captured insects Bancroft himself detected forty-five filariæ. The cases have been forwarded to the ‘Lancet’ for publication. Lastly, in reference to the closing paragraph of Bancroft’s previous letter to me (pub. in the ‘Lancet,’ Feb. 1st), I have received the following interesting commentary at the hands of Dr Silva Araujo, whose letter is dated from Bahia, March 3rd, 1879:--“Je dois vous communiquer que ce fait vient confirmer l’idée qui existe chez nous, où le peuple croit et affirme que--quand une personne qui souffrait auparavant d’erysipèle a un abcès cela la préserve de nouveaux accès. La raison ne sera-t-elle pas que dans ce cas, avec l’ouverture de l’abcès, le ver sort? Je le crois. Ces faits viennent démontrer que la cause de la maladie est le ver. Cependant nous avons ici à Bahia plusieurs confrères qui ne le croient point! Et à Rio-de-Janeiro aussi il y en a, peut-être davantage (!).” I will only add that Dr Araujo deceives himself if he imagines that the full etiological significance of parasites in relation to disease will receive general professional recognition for many years to come.

SUPPLEMENT TO BIBLIOGRAPHY No. 23, p. 202 (with emendations).--_Araujo_, ‘Memoria sobre a Filariose ou a molestia produsida por uma nova especie de parasita cutaneo,’ Bahia, 1875.--_Idem_, “Da filariose,” ‘Globo,’ Jornal do Rio de Janeiro, 1876, e ‘Revista Medica do Rio de Janeiro,’ 1876, anno 3o, No. 2, 15 de Julho, p. 107.--_Idem_, “Caso de chyluria, elephancia do escrôto, escrôto lymphatico, craw-craw e erysipela em um mesmo individuo; descobrimento da Wuchereria filaria na lympha do escrôto. Tratamento pela electricidade com excellentes resultados,” ‘Gaz. Med. da Bahia,’ 2a serie, vol. 2o, No. 11, Nov. de 1876.--_Idem_, “A _Filaria Wuchereri_ no sangue,” ‘Gaz. Med. da Bahia,’ Mar. de 1878, p. 106, e seguintes.--_Idem_, “A muriçoca e as filarias Wuchereri,” ‘Gaz. Med. da Bahia,’ Setembro de 1878.--_Idem_, “La _Fil. immitis_,” &c., Transl. of Mem. (_l. c._, Bibl., No. 45) in ‘Lyon Médical,’ Nov., 1878, p. 319 et 363.--_Bancroft_, “Instance of a European having taken leprosy in Queensland,” in a letter to myself; see “Case from Bancroft,” quoted at p. 203.--_Chassaniol, A._ (et _F. Guyot_), “Hématurie graisseuse ou chyleuse,” in their “Notes de Géographie Méd. recueillies à Taïti,” in ‘Archives de Méd. Navale,’ Jan., 1878, p. 65.--_Cobbold_, “Worms in the Heart of Dogs,” letter in the ‘Lancet,’ April 5, 1879, p. 498.--_Coles_, “On Lymph-scrotum,” ‘Brit. Med. Journ.,’ March 9, 1878.--_Fayrer, Sir J._, “Lecture on Elephantiasis Arabum,” in the ‘Lancet,’ March 29, 1879, p. 433.--_Idem_, ‘Report of Pathol. Soc.,’ ‘Lancet,’ Feb. 22, 1879, p. 267.--_Idem_, ‘Rep. of Epidemiological Soc.,’ _ibid._, p. 269.--_Idem_, ‘Letter on Filaria;’ see _Hoysted_.--_Ghaleb, O._ (with P. Pouquier), “On _Filaria hæmatica_,” from ‘Comptes Rendus,’ Feb. 5, 1877, in ‘Annals Nat. Hist.,’ April, 1877.--_Hoysted, J._, “Notes of a Case of _Filaria sanguinis_ in a Dog;” see Bibliog. No. 49, p. 311.--_Lewis, T. R._, ‘The Microscopic Organisms found in the Blood of Man and Animals, and their relation to Disease,’ Calcutta, 1879.--_Idem_, “The Hæmatozoa of Man (excerpt of the above),” ‘Quart. Journ. of Microsc. Sci.,’ April, p. 245 (both from ‘14th Ann. Rep. of the San. Commissioner with the Govt. of India’).--_Makuna_, ‘Letter respecting _Fil. sang. hom._ in Chyluria’ (l. c., Bibliog. No. 23).

INDEX.

_Acanthia lectularia_, or the common bed bug, 273

_Acanthocephala_ in birds, 446
" include but one family, 5
" in the Hunterian Museum, 413

_Acanthotæniadæ_, a family of tapeworms, 4

_Acaridæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

Acephalocysts in cattle, Hunterian specimens of, 140

Agricultural societies, their indifference to helminthology, 412

Aguti, _Spiroptera mediospiralis_ from the, 403

Alligator, entozoa from an, 455

_Amphistoma_ and _Polystoma_ in the frog, 452
" _hominis_, notice of Lewis’s and McConnell’s, 36
" _subclavatum_, ciliated embryo of, 49

Amphistomes infesting deer, 332
" " elephants, 395
" " the horse, 357

_Amphistomidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

Anæmia, tropical, due to Anchylostomata, 203

Anchylostomum-helminthiasis, Wucherer’s account of the, 213

_Anchylostomum_ (_Dochmius_) _duodenale_, description of, 212

Aneurism of the horse, Bollinger’s account of, 368

_Anguillula_ (_Leptodera_) _stercoralis_, description of, 234

_Anguillulidæ_, a family of round worms, 5

Annelid parasites, ectoparasitic character of the, 5

_Anoplocephala perfoliata_ as a synonym, 401

Ant-eaters, internal parasites of, 321

Antelopes and deer, Pentastomes found in, 350

_Anthomyia canalicularis_ as a human parasite, 271

Arachnid parasites, various families of, 5

_Argulidæ_, a family of parasitic crustaceans, 6

_Arhynchotænia critica_ of the hyrax, 403

_Arhynchotæniadæ_, considered as a group, 4

Armadillo, parasites found in the, 321

_Ascaridæ_, a family of round worms, 4

Ascarides infesting cetaceans, 426
" (Oxyurides) in relation to cleanliness, 232

_Ascaris alata_, Bellingham’s so-called, 237
" _Cornelyi_ from the vulturine pintado, 447
" _halicoris_ from the Indian dugong, 429

_Ascaris infecta_ from _Passalus cornutus_, 483
" _lumbricoides_ as a human parasite, 243
" " Davaine’s experiments with, 244
" " development of the, 244
" " Heller’s “find” respecting the young of, 244
" " remarkable cases caused by the, 248
" _maculosa_ causing avian epizoöty, 441
" " Unterberger’s experiments with, 245
" _megalocephala_ and _A. lumbricoides_ not identical, 243
" " experiments with the eggs of, 246
" " of solipeds, 378
" _mystax_ considered as a human parasite, 237
" " Leuckart’s experiments with, 244
" " researches of Nelson respecting, 240
" _nigrovenosa_, parthogenesis of, 452
" _suilla_ considered as a synonym, 243
" " of the hog, a synonym, 405
" _tentaculata_ of opossums, 433
" _tetraptera_, development of the embryos of, 245
" _vesicularis_ from the ring-necked pheasant, 442

_Aspidocephalus scoleciformis_ of opossums, 433

_Aspidocotylus mutabilis_, a parasite of fish, 360

Ass, frequency of aneurism in the, 367
" liver-fluke frequent in the, 356
" strongyles from the stomach of the, 383

Australian entozoa, Mr Krefft’s _brochure_ on, 431
" hedgehog, tapeworm from the, 433

Avian hæmatozoa, observations by Lewis on, 486
" parasites in the British Museum, 448
" " in the Hunterian Museum, 448

_Bacteria_, the best known forms of, 277

_Bacteridæ_, as a family of protozoa, 7

_Balantidium_ (_Paramecium_) _coli_ of man, 282
" semiparasitic character of, 7

_Balæna_, flukes occurring in the genus, 421
" _rostrata_ infested by _Ascaris angulivalvis_, 426

_Balænoptera rostrata_, filariæ from, 425
" " fluke from, 421

Bats, entozoa and ectozoa infesting, 294

Bear, Cysticerci in the heart of a, 140

Beef, cyst-infected, quantity destroyed in India, 76
" in India, prevalence of “measled”, 61
" tapeworm, description of the so-called, 56

Bee, parasite of the, known to John Hunter, 480

Beetles (_Passalus_) infested by nematodes, 483

_Beluga leucas_, worm from the ear of, 427

_Bilharzia hæmatobia_, history and development of the, 38

Birds, frequency of entozoa in, 434
" _Spiroptera helicina_ in the feet of, 440
" the gape disease in, 443

Blackbirds, tapeworms destructive to young, 440

Blackcap, flukes reared by Zeller in the, 436

Blackfish or tursio, cestode from the, 422

Bladderworms and measles in cattle, 62

_Blaptidæ_ as parasitic insects, 7

_Blaps mortisaga_ as a human parasite, 270

Bleak, the (_Leuciscus_), a possible source of tapeworm, 301
" the, in relation to _Bothriocephalus latus_, 470

Bonito, parasites from the, 458

_Bopyridæ_, a family of parasitic crustaceans, 6

_Bothriocephali_ of water-birds obtained from fish, 468
" researches of Bertolus and Duchamp on, 110

_Bothriocephalus cordatus_, brief description of, 111
" _cristatus_, brief description of, 111
" in Holland, Dr. Fock’s remarks on, 109
" _latus_, distribution and characters of, 106
" " source and proscolices of, 107
" _proboscideus_ of the salmon, 468
" _tropicus_, note on the so-called, 96

Bot infesting the stomach of the rhinoceros, 401

Bottle-head (_Hyperoödon_), flukes from the, 421

Brain, Cysticerci occurring in the human, 92

Bronchi of whales, worms in the, 425

_Bucephalus_ probably a larval state of Gasterostoma, 462
" regarded as a germ-sac, 453

Bug, the common, as a human parasite, 273

Cachalot, cestode from the high-finned, 422

_Calceostoma_, hooks of the suckers of, 464

_Caligidæ_, a family of crustaceans, 6

_Campula oblonga_ regarded as a synonym, 419

Capercaillie, entozoa of the, 440
" _Trichosoma_ and _Ligula_ from a, 447

_Carnivora_, internal parasites of the, 297

_Cataphractus_ infested by _Aspidocotylus_, 360

Cat, Australian, _Bothriocephalus_ from, 309
" flukes and tapeworms infesting the, 308

Cattle diseased by parasites, natural cure of, 83
" measles and bladderworms in, 61
" of the Upper Punjab infested by cysts, percentage of, 75
" plague bodies, nature of the so-called, 280
" species of lice infesting, 352
" tapeworms found in, 332

_Cercaria diplocotylea_ of water-snails, 452
" of the common fluke, 325

_Cercariæ_ and _Rediæ_, Pagenstecher’s remarks on, 452

_Cercomonas hominis_ in cholera dejections, 282

_Cestoda_, families of the order, 4

Cestode (larval) in _Delphinus delphis_, 422

_Cetacea_, external parasites of, 428
" parasites of, 416
" " in Hunterian collection, 427
" worms in the lungs of, 423
" " in the cranial sinuses of, 425

Chacma, strongyles found in the, 291

Charbon, an anthracoid disease associated with bacterids, 278

Cheetah, tapeworm found in the, 300

_Cheiracanthidæ_, a family of round worms, 4

_Cheiracanthus robustus_ in Indian dogs, 305
" " mistaken for _Echinorhynchus_, 257

_Cheiroptera_ or bats, parasites of, 293

Chigoe or jigger as a human parasite, 274

Chinese missionary, flukes in the family of a, 21

Cirrhipeds, parasitic, upon whales, 428

Civets, parasites found in, 299

Classification of Schneider referred to, 4

_Clepsinidæ_, a family of suctorial annelids, 5

Coati, intestinal worms of the, 298

Cochin-China diarrhœa due to _Leptodera_, 235

Cockchafers harbor young Echinorhynchi, 413

Cockroaches (_Blatta_) infested by nematodes, 483

Codfish, frequency of filariæ in the, 472

_Cœnuri_ from rabbits in Guy’s Museum and at Oxford, 140
" researches of Rose and Numan respecting, 334

_Cœnurus cuniculi_, specimen of, from Ayrshire, 140
" _serialis_ of the hyrax, 408

_Conocephalus typicus_ from a dolphin, 426

_Conopidæ_, the larvæ of, as parasitic insects, 6

_Conorhinus nigrovarious_ or pampas benchucha, 273

_Cotylogaster cochleariforme_ not an equine parasite, 360

Crane, entozoa from a, 447

_Crossophorus collaris_ of the hyrax, 403

Crocodile, worm from beneath the skin of a, 456

Crows, hæmatozoa in Indian, 486

_Crustacea_, parasitic, upon whales, 428
" the, as alleged human parasites, 269

Crustacean parasites, families of, 6

Crustaceans, entozoa infesting, 480

_Cucullanidæ_, a family of round worms, 4
" development of the, 474

_Culex_, various species of, attacking man, 273

Curlew, entozoa from the, 447

_Cuterebra noxialis_, or Macaco worm, 271

Cuttle-fishes, tapeworm larvæ found in, 468

_Cyamidæ_ included with Pycnogonidæ, 5

_Cyamus balænarum_ or whale-louse, 428

_Cyclobdella lumbricoides_, the, of Brazil, 259

_Cyclops_ considered as an intermediate host, 223

_Cymothoidæ_, a family of parasitic crustaceans, 6

“Cyst”-affected meat in the Punjab, quantity of, 76

Cystic disease in cattle, Dr J. Fleming on, 76
" entozoa are larval tapeworms, 4

Cysticerci, common situation of, in ration meat, 78
" destruction of, by calcareous degeneration, 83
" detected in the living animal, 78
" from sheep, Dr Maddox on, 98
" from the nasal sinuses of a porpoise, 421
" from the skin of _Physeter_, 421
" in the heart of a bear, 140
" in the human body, seat of, 91
" in the psoas muscles, Dr Joseph Fleming on, 75
" in meat, Pellizzari’s and Tommasi’s researches on, 62
" investigations of Lewis respecting, 66
" monstrous varieties of, 105
" of the sheep alleged to contain eggs, 98
" prophylactic measures respecting, 83
" researches by Perroncito on, 67
" said to be capable of swimming, 97
" temperature necessary to destroy, 69
" voluntarily swallowed by Italian gentlemen, 71

_Cysticercus bovis_ found in the liver and lungs, 59
" " human feeding experiments by Oliver with, 72
" _delphini_, nature of the so-called, 422
" found in the dog, 302
" from the Red River hog, 405
" in the brain, cases of, 92
" of the sheep, discovery of the, 97
" report by Dr Neill respecting, 80
" (_telæ_) _cellulosæ_, or pork measle, 89
" _tenuicollis_ found in man, 101
" " , the self-feeding experiment by Möller with, 72

Cysts at the root of the tongue, diagnostic value of, 80
" of the liver containing psorospermiæ, 282

_Dactylogyrus_, allusion to the eggs of, 42

Dasse (_Hyrax_), parasites of the, 403

_Dasyprocta aguti_, stomach excrescences in, 403

Deaths from worms, Registrar General’s returns of, 285

Deer, abundance of amphistomes in, 332
" filariæ found in various kinds of, 350

_Delphinus Forsteri_, tapeworm found in, 422
" _phocæna_, cestode (_Diphyllobothrium_) from, 422
" _rostratus_, tapeworm from, 422
" _tacuschi_, flukes found by Natterer in, 417

_Demodex folliculorum_ of man and dog, 266

_Dermatophagoides Schérémétewsky_, the so-called, 266

_Dibothridæ_ and _Bothriocephalidæ_ as synonyms, 4

_Dibothrium hians_, supposed monstrous state of, 105

_Dichelestidæ_, a family of crustacean parasites, 6

_Dicotyles_ (Peccary), parasites of the genus, 404

_Dicrocœlium Buskii_ as a synonym, 20

_Didelphys philander_, acanthocephalous worm of, 434

_Diphyllobothridæ_, a family of tapeworms, 4

_Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum_ from a porpoise, 422

_Diplodiscus subclavatus_, water-vessels of the larvæ of, 51

_Diplozoon_ in the _Diporpa_ condition, 464

Diseased meat from “rot”, 331

_Distoma Andersoni_ from _Platanista_, 420
" _campula_ of the porpoise, 418
" _clavatum_, particulars respecting, 458
" _conjunctum_ as a human parasite, 30
" _crassum_ or Busk’s fluke, 20
" _cygnoides_, ciliated embryo of, 49
" _gigas_ of Nardo, description of the, 460
" _hepaticum_ a synonym of Fasciola, 15
" _heterophyes_, description of the, 34
" _lancea_ infesting dolphins, 416
" _lanceolatum_ as a human parasite, 17
" " ciliated embryo of, 49
" " description of the, 18
" _leptosomum_ and _D. brachysomum_, source of, 438
" _macrostomum_, development of, 435
" _megastoma_, ciliated embryo of, 49
" _militare_, development of, 436
" _neuronaii Munroii_, the so-called, 52
" _ophthalmobium_, notice of the so-called, 36
" _sinense_, or the Chinese fluke, 29
" species of, in _Delphinus Forsteri_, 421

_Distomata_ confounded with proglottides, 16

_Distomidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

_Distomum spatulatum_ as a synonym, 28

_Dochmius duodenalis_, discovery of, by Dubini, 211
" _Sangeri_ from the elephant, 399

Dogs, destruction of dogs by heart-worms, 304

Dog, ectozoa and follicle mites of the, 307
" internal parasites of the, 300

Dolphin, remarkable worm from the stomach of a, 426

Dolphins, fluke parasites of, 416

Dorado, _Fasciola fusca_ from the, 459

_Dracunculus_, description of the embryos of, 221
" Fedschenko’s discovery respecting, 223
" _medinensis_, description of the, 217

Duck, worms from a dusky, 447

Dugong, parasites of the, 429

Ear of the porpoise, worms found in the, 427

Earth-wolf, remarkable parasite from the, 299

Earth-worms as intermediate bearers, 346

Earwig, _Filariæ_ found in the, 483

Echidna, tapeworm from the, 433

Echinococci described by Leuckart and Naunyn, 117

Echinococcus brood-capsules known to Wilson and Busk, 117

_Echinococcus hominis_, synonyms of, 112
" _multilocularis_ found in a calf, 116

_Echinorhynchidæ_ abound in fishes and reptiles, 5

Echinorhynchi found by John Hunter, 427
" infesting monkeys, 292
" in trout, frequency of, 475
" of water newts, 455

_Echinorhynchus angustatus_ and _E. hominis_, 413
" _gigas_ as a human parasite, 256
" " of the hog, 412
" _hominis_, Lambl’s so-called, 256
" in man, Welch’s supposed case of, 256
" Leuckart on the development of, 476
" _microcephalus_ from an opossum, 434
" _Muriei_ from a whale, 427
" _pellucidus_ and _E. brevicollis_, 428
" _porrigens_ from whales, 427
" _spirula_ of monkeys, 413
" _transversus_ in birds, 446

_Echinostoma hispidum_ from a sturgeon, 462

Ectozoa of swine, 414
" of the elephant, 399
" of whales, 428

Edentata, parasites of the, 321

Eel, _Echinorhynchi_ in the, 475

Eggs, entozoa found in the interior of, 440

Elephants destroyed by “rot” in Burmah, 394
" earth-eating habits of worm-infected, 395
" ectozoa of, 399
" in England destroyed by worms, 399
" parasites infesting, 393
" parasitic diseases of, 397

_Entozoa_ do not result from diseased states, 1
" of game birds, list of, 440
" their relation to the helminths, 8

Epidemics of rot disease, 327

_Epizoa_, haustellated crustacean parasites, 6

Epizoöty amongst elephants from flukes, 394
" amongst pigeons, 441
" in birds, very destructive to life, 435
" in cats, Dr Romano’s account of, 308
" in swine from _Echinorhynchus_, 413
" in tenches from _Ligulæ_, 469
" in the hog from _Stephanurus_, 411
" in the Mauritius from worms, 382
" in the pig from _Strongyli_, 412
" in young blackbirds from tapeworms, 440

_Eustrongyli_ within the skull of water-turkeys, 446

_Eustrongylus gigas_, description of, 207
" " in dogs and wolves, 305
" " source of the, 208
" " wild animals infested by, 207
" _papillosus_ from a crane, 447

Eye-worms in cattle, 349

Eye of the fowl infested by filariæ, 440

_Fasciola clavata_, description of the so-called, 459
" _hepatica_ as a human parasite, 14
" " as a “zoological” individual, 325
" " ciliated embryo of, 48
" _Jacksoni_ infesting elephants, 397

_Fauna_, parasites form a peculiar, 2

Ferret, ectozoon infesting the ears of the, 307

_Filaria acuta_ in the limbs of birds, 447
" _Bancrofti_, history of the discovery of, 180
" _gracilis_ infesting monkeys, 291
" _hominis oris_, description of the, 206
" _horrida_ from the American ostrich, 447
" _immitis_ in the heart of dogs, 304
" _inflexicaudata_ from _Balænoptera_, 425
" " of the porpoise, 425
" _labialis_, description of the, 206
" _lacrymalis_ as a synonym, 206
" _lentis_, notice of the so-called, 205
" _loa_, notice of the so-called, 205
" _macropodis gigantei_ in the Hunterian Museum, 433
" _Mansoni_ in the eye of a fowl, 441
" _medinensis_ considered as a synonym, 217
" _microstoma_ and _F. megastoma_,
temperature necessary to kill, 70
" _oculi_ considered as a synonym, 383
" _papillosa hæmatica canis domestici_, 184
" " in the horse, 383
" _Salisburyii_ considered as a synonym, 187
" _sanguinis_, Bancroft’s account of the, 189
" " _equi_, the so-called, 384
" " _hominis_, correction respecting, 487
" " " discovery by Lewis of, 183
" _spelæa_ from a wallaby, 433
" (_Strongylus_) _bronchialis_, description of, 207
" _terebra_ in the black-tailed deer, 349
" _trachealis_, remarks on the, 207
" _Websteri_ proposed as a synonym, 433

_Filariæ_ as a cause of abscess and erysipelas, 487
" discovery of microscopic, by Wucherer, 183
" hæmatozoal, of Grube and Delafond, 303
" in human blood, Sonsino’s verification of, 185
" of the mosquito, Manson’s description of, 194

_Filaridæ_, a family of round worms, 5

Fishes largely infested by _Echinorhynchi_, 477
" of Brazil, amphistomes in the, 463
" parasites of, 457

Flea, the common, of man, 274

Fluke, description of the common liver, 15
" description of the large human, 24
" origin and meaning of the term, 4

Flukes abundant in the great kangaroo, 431
" causing “rot” in elephants, 394
" found in fishes, 457
" found in ruminating animals, 323
" Pagenstecher’s researches on, 452
" their destiny favored by mimetism, 436

Fox, fluke of the American red, 299
" source of tapeworms infesting the, 300

Fowl, entozoa infesting the common, 440

Free nematoids, Villot’s opinion respecting the, 483

Frog, _Ascaris nigrovenosa_ of the, 452

_Galeodes araneoides_ or canal tick, 267

_Gallinula chloropus_, worms in the limbs of, 447

_Gamasidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

Game birds, list of entozoa infesting, 440

_Gammarus pulex_ as an intermediate host, 476

Gape disease, methods of preventing and treating the, 445

“Gapes” in birds due to _Sclerostoma_, 443

_Gasterostoma gracilescens_, probable larval condition of, 52
" peculiarities of the genus, 462

_Gastrodiscus Sonsinonis_ of the horse, 359

_Gastrophilus rhinocerontis_, a bot-fly, 401

Gid hydatid found in various animals, 333
" in the hog noticed by Florman, 405

Giraffe, large fluke found in the, 323

_Glossina morsitans_ as a human parasite, 273

Glow-worm (_Lampyris_), correction respecting the, 483

Gluttons, internal parasites of the, 298

_Gnathostoma hispidum_ of the hog, 412

Goat, the beef-measle discovered by Zenker in a, 83

_Gongylonema pulchrum_ of the hog, 412

Goose, worms from the ashy-headed, 447
" " from the Sandwich Islands, 447

_Gordiidæ_, a family of round worms, 5

_Gordius_ survives desiccation, 483

Grebe, worms found in the legs of the lesser, 447

_Gregarinidæ_, as a family of protozoa, 7

Grouse-disease, parasites producing the, 438
" entozoa of the red, 440

_Gubleria_ proposed as a generic title, 7

Guillemot, entozoa from the, 447

Gulls, entozoa found in, 447

Guinea-worm, development of the, 223
" geographical distribution of the, 218

_Gymnorhynchus horridus_ as a synonym, 471

_Gynæcophorus hæmatobius_ considered as a synonym, 39

_Gyrodactylidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

_Gyrodactylus_, conclusions of Wedl respecting, 465
" _elegans_, development of, 466

Haddock, frequency of filariæ in the, 472

_Halmaturus Derbyensis_, nematodes of, 434

Hams, Cysticerci in Westphalian, 405

Hares and rabbits, entozoa of, 318

Hawk, entozoa from the sparrow, 447

_Hæmatomyzus_ (Idocoloris) _elephantis_, 399

_Hæmatopinus_ of the hog, 414

_Hæmatopota pluvialis_ or the clegg, 273

Hæmatozoa in dogs, discovery by Grube and Delafond of, 184
" in Egyptian and Indian crows, 486
" of the dog, 303

Hæmaturia caused by _Bilharzia hæmatobia_, 54

_Hæmenteria_, American leeches of the genus, 259

_Hæmopis sanguisorba_ attacking French soldiers, 258

Heart of whales, worms in the, 425

Hedgehog, parasites of the common, 295
" tapeworm from the so-called Australian, 433

_Helmintha_, the term in relation to “worms”, 8

Helminthology, practical results from the study of, 3

_Helophilus_, larva of, found in man, 273
" larvæ found in the horse, 387

Herring, frequency of filaria in the, 472

_Hesslingia_ proposed as a generic title, 7

_Heterocheilus tunicatus_ from Natterer’s manatee, 429

_Heteroura androphora_, sexual peculiarities of, 445

_Hexathyridium pinguicola_ and _H. venarum_, 36

_Hippoboscidæ_ contain parasitic insects, 6

Hippopotamus, parasites of the, 402

_Histiocephalus_, a genus of nematodes, 433

Hog, absence of tapeworms in the, 404
" cholera, supposed connection with _Stephanurus_, 410
" skin affection from parasites in the wild, 414

Hog’s flesh, supposed injuriousness of, 404
" intestines perforated by parasites, 413

Hogs, _Stephanurus_ discovered in a Chinese race of, 408

Horse, aneurism in the, from parasites, 368
" a thousand amphistomes found in the, 358
" bladderworms found in the, 366
" bots or larval gadflies of the, 385
" earth-eating habits of, in relation to worms, 357
" ectozoa liable to attack the, 388
" epizoöty from strongyles in the, 374
" eye-worms from the, 383
" giant strongyle found in the, 385
" hæmatozoa discovered by Sonsino in the, 384
" hydatids from the, 366
" internal parasites of the, 357
" plague, parasites not the cause of the, 360
" poultry lousiness of the, 388
" psorospermial sac in the mitral valve of a, 281
" scab or mange mites of the, 389
" Sonsino’s amphistomatoid fluke from the, 359
" stomach-worms of the, 380
" tapeworm epizoöty in the, 361
" tick, the so-called, 388
" worm-aneurism of the, 368

Husk in young pigs caused by strongyles, 412
" or parasitic bronchitis in cattle, 335
" or verminous bronchitis in dogs, 304

Hydatid disease, deaths in Victoria from, 287
" " possibility of stamping out, 141

Hydatids as the source of _Tænia echinococcus_, 113
" exogenous, endogenous, and multilocular, 115
" frequently infest the head of the tibia, 129
" hygienic considerations respecting, 126
" in animals, Dr Cleghorn’s statistics of, 124
" in Guy’s Hospital Museum, 135
" in King’s College Anatomical Museum, 130
" in Royal Veterinary College Museum, 139
" in St Bartholomew’s Hospital Museum, 128
" in St George’s Hospital Museum, 133
" in St Mary’s Hospital Museum, 129
" in St Thomas’s Hospital Museum, 134
" in the Brighton and Sussex Hospital Museum, 136
" in the Calcutta Medical College Museum, 137
" in the Cambridge Anatomical Museum, 136
" in the Charing Cross Hospital Museum, 131
" in the London Hospital Museum, 133
" in the Melbourne Hospital Museum, 141
" in the Middlesex Hospital Museum, 130
" in the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital Museum, 137
" in the Oxford Anatomical and Pathological Museum, 136
" in the Royal College of Surgeons Museum, 132
" in the Westminster Hospital Museum, 128
" in University College Museum, 131
" in Victoria, number of deaths from, 123
" mortality in England from, 285
" occupying the bones of cattle, specimens of, 140
" occupying the heart of a sow, 139
" occupying the nasal sinuses of a porpoise, 421
" of animals in metropolitan museums, 139
" of the tibia in the Nottingham Hospital Museum, 130
" preserved in museums, their value, 128
" prevalence of, in Australia, 123
" probable percentage of fatal cases of, 122
" successful treatment of, by MacGillivray, 128
" their distribution in the organs of the body, 122
" the so-called daughter vesicles of, 121

_Hydrachnidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

_Hymenolepis_, as a new genus of cestodes, 102

_Hyperoödon_, Echinorhynchus found by Hyrtl in, 427

_Hyperæmia_ and _Anæmia_ due to parasites, 213

_Hyrax_, parasites of the Cape, 403

Ichneumon, the Indian, fluke from the, 299

_Insectivora_, entozoa found in the, 295

Insect parasites, various families of, 6

Insects, entozoa of, 480

Intestinal worms, popular ideas respecting, 8

Itch or scab insect, description of the, 266

_Ixodes_, species of, attacking man, 267

_Ixodidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

Jigger or chigoe as a human parasite, 274

Kaleege, worms from the black-backed, 447

Kangaroo, tapeworm in the gall-bladder of a, 432
" worms from the knee-joint of a, 433

Kestrel, entozoa from the, 447

Kite, entozoa from the, 447

Klipdas (_Hyrax_), parasites of the, 403

Koala (_Phascolarctos_), tapeworm from a, 432

_Köllikeria filicollis_, habitat of, 462

_Lagenorhynchus Eschrichti_, worm found in, 421

Lambs, tapeworm epizoöty in, 333

_Lampyris_, correction of an error respecting, 483

Larvæ of flukes, Pagenstecher’s researches on, 452

Leeches considered as human parasites, 258
" of India, Ceylon, Japan, and Java, 258
" semiparasitic character of, 5

Lemurs, cœnuri or polycephalous hydatids in, 290

Leporines, acarine parasites of, 319

_Leptodera_ (_Anguillula_) _stercoralis_, description of, 234
" _intestinalis_, description of the, 235

_Leptus autumnalis_ a human parasite, 268

Lernæan parasites found on whales, 428

_Lernæidæ_, a family of crustacean parasites, 6

_Leuciscus_, the bleak, a possible source of tapeworm, 108

_Leucochloridium_, experiments by Zeller with, 435

Lice, various species found on man, 274

_Ligula nodosa_, as an immature _Bothriocephalus_, 110
" " the young state of _Bothriocephalus_, 470
" _simplicissima_, researches by Duchamp on, 469

_Lindermannia_ proposed as a generic title, 7

Ling, Echinorhynchi in the, 475

Lion, hydatids from the, in the Hunterian Museum, 139

_Liotheidæ_, a family of parasitic insects, 6

Liver fluke, the common, in man, 14

Louse of the elephant, 400

_Lucilia hominivora_, habits of the, 272

Lumbrici, geographical distribution of, 247
" in the Mauritius, remarks by Dyco on, 247
" remarkable cases of, in children, 248
" violent symptoms caused by, 249

Lumbricoid worms, poisonous effects produced by, 250

Lungs of the porpoise, worms in the, 425

Maggots, rat-tailed, found in the horse, 387
" various species of, found in man, 272

_Malacobdellidæ_, a family of suctorial annelids, 5

Manatees, parasites of the, 429

Marmoset monkeys, parasites of, 291

Marsupial animals, parasites of, 430

Martens, internal parasites of, 298

Masuri and soorti, parasites of elephants, 395
" or amphistomes occur in man, 38

Measle-cysts in the Punjab, report respecting, 75

Measled cattle cured by removal from sources of infection, 83
" meat, Giacomini’s observations on, 65

Measles and bladderworms in cattle, 61
" and _Tæniæ_, observations of Marchi on, 73
" found in mutton brought to table, 97
" of pork reared by experiment, 93

Meat question, the, in relation to “rot”, 331
" served as rations, Cysticerci in the, 78

_Melolontha_ considered as an intermediate host, 257
" _vulgaris_ as an intermediate “host”, 413

_Melophagus_, a genus of parasitic insects, 6

_Mermis albicans_, development of, 482

Messmates and parasites of mollusks, 480

Miana bug of Persia, or _Argas_, 267

Mice, internal parasites of, 315

_Micrococci_ considered as human parasites, 277

_Micropteron_ (_Delphinus_), flukes in, 421

Mimetism favoring fluke development, 436

Mite found upon _Balæna australis_, 428

Mole, parasites of the common, 296

Mollusks, entozoa of, 480

Monads, parasitic forms of, 282

Monkeys, hydatids obtained from, 141
" parasites of, 289

_Monodon monoceros_, nematode worms of, 423

_Monostoma plicatum_ from a northern whale, 421
" _verrucosum_, allusion to the eggs of, 41

_Monostomidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

Mosquito, avian hæmatozoa in the, 486

Mosquitoes of Queensland, filariæ in the, 487

Mules, fatal epidemic affecting, 382

_Musca_, larvæ of, as human parasites, 272

Musk-rat, cestode parasite found in the, 296

Mutton measles, their existence denied, 97

Narwhal, _Prosthecosacter_ infesting the, 423

_Nematobothrium filarina_, habitat of, 462

_Nematoda_, families of the order of, 4

Nematodes abundant in marsupials, 433

Nematoids, opinion of Villot respecting the “free”, 484

Nestlings destroyed by tapeworms, 440

Newts, _Echinorhynchus anthuris_ of water, 455

_Nycteribiidæ_ as parasitic insects, 6

_Octobothrium lanceolatum_, allusion to the eggs of, 41

_Odontobius ceti_ from _Balæna australis_, 427

_Œstridæ_, the, a family of parasitic insects, 6
" infesting the ox and sheep, 351

_Œstrus_ (Gastrophilus) _equi_ of the horse, 385
" _hominis_, Mr Higginson’s case of, 271

Olulaniasis of the cat, 310

_Onchocerca reticulata_ of the horse, 385

_Onchotyle appendiculata_ from a dog-fish, 464

Opossum, _Echinorhynchus_ in a Brazilian, 434

Opossums, flukes infesting American, 432
" much infested by nematodes, 433

_Orcella brevirostris_, fluke found by Dr Anderson in, 417

_Orthagoriscus mola_ as a “host”, 471

Ostrich, entozoa from the American, 447

Otters, flukes and other entozoa of, 298

Ox, insect parasites and tormentors of the, 351
" species of _Strongylus_ infesting the, 347

_Oxyuridæ_, a family of round worms, 5

Oxyurides, sanitary precautions in respect of, 232
" source and mode of development of, 230
" voluntary swallowing of human, 72

_Oxyuris curvula_ of the horse, 380
" _vermicularis_, description of the, 227

Oysters as bearers of fluke larvæ, 26

Pachydermata, parasites of the, 393

Palisade worms in relation to aneurism, 368

_Paramecium_ (Balantidium) _coli_ of man, 282

_Paramecium_, semiparasitic character of, 7

Parasites from birds at the Zoological Gardens, 447
" from cetacea in the Hunterian Museum, 427
" in grouse from the Earl of Cawdor’s estate, 439
" of savages, little known respecting, 27
" popular delusions concerning, 1
" their etiological significance not fully recognised, 488

Partridge, entozoa of the, 440

Peccaries (_Dicotyles_), parasites of the, 404

_Pediculidæ_, a family of parasitic insects, 6

_Pediculus_, various forms of, infesting man, 274

_Pentastoma constrictum_, description of the, 263
" _tænioides_ as a human parasite, 260
" " found in the horse, 389
" " in the dog, 306

Pentastomes infesting monkeys, 293

_Pentastomidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

Perch, flukes from the eye of the, 458

_Peritrachelius insignis_ from a dolphin, 427

Pheasant, entozoa of the, 440
" parasites from various species of, 447

_Philopteridæ_, a family of parasitic insects, 6

_Phocæna communis_, flukes found in, 418

_Phyllobothrium delphini_, source of, 422

Pigeon, two hundred ascarides in a, 442

Pig, hydatids from the, in the Hunterian Museum, 139
" occurrence of Cysticerci in the brain of the, 405

Pigs, the cause of “husk” in young, 412

Pike-whale, large fluke from the, 421

Pike, worms from the urinary bladder of the, 458

_Pinnipedia_, parasites of, 314

Pintado, ascarides in the vulturine, 447

_Physaloptera turgida_ infesting opossums, 433

_Plagiotænia gigantea_ of the rhinoceros, 401

Plagues, parasites considered as a cause of, 2

_Platanista gangetica_, fluke from, 420

_Podiceps_ and _Gallinula_, legs of, infested by filariæ, 447

Polecats, filariæ in the cranial sinuses of, 298

_Polystoma_ and _Amphistoma_ of the frog, 452
" _appendiculata_, allusion to the eggs of, 41

Polystomes, general characters of the, 463

_Polystomidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

Ponies, Welsh mountain, epizoöty affecting, 362

Porcupine ant-eater, tapeworm from the, 433

Pork tapeworm, general description of the, 87
" sources of infection by the, 94

Porpoise, flukes found in the common, 418
" remarkable cestode from the common, 422
" worm from the tympanic cavity of the, 427

Porrigo, mortality in England from, 285

Poultry lousiness not a human disorder, 274

_Proglottides_ mistaken for _Distomata_, 16

_Prosthecosacter_, several species of, 423
" specimens of, in Hunter’s Museum, 427

_Proteles_ or earth-wolf, parasites of, 299

_Protozoa_, parasitic families belonging to the, 7
" parasitic forms of, and gregarinæ, 278

_Psorospermiæ_ as a family of Protozoa, 7
" considered as human parasites, 277

Psorosperms abundant in the hog, 414
" in the flesh of animals, 281

_Pulex penetrans_, gigger or chigoe, 274

Pulmonary vessels of whales, worms in the, 425

_Pycnogonidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

_Quadrumana_, entozoa and ectozoa of, 289

Quail, entozoa of the, 440

Queensland, Bancroft’s collection of entozoa in, 431

Rabbits and hares, internal parasites of, 318
" attacked by the autumnal spider, 320
" _Cœnuri_ found in the soft parts of, 333

Racoons, parasites infesting, 298

Rats, internal parasites of, 316

_Rediæ_ and _Cercariæ_, Pagenstecher’s remarks on, 452

Redshank, entozoa from the, 447

_Reduvius_, or fly bug, various species of, 274

Redwing, _Echinorhynchi_ from a, 446

Reptiles, internal parasites of, 451

_Rhea Americana_, filariæ obtained by Darwin from, 447

Rhinoceroses, parasites of, 400

_Rhopalophorus_, a genus of flukes, 432

_Rhynchotæniada_ considered as a group, 4

_Rhytina stelleri_, parasites of, 429

Rodentia, parasites of, 315

“Rot” affecting the liver of porpoises, 418
" disease, conclusions respecting the, 323

Round worms, various families of, 4

Ruminating animals, ectozoa found on, 350
" entozoa of, 323

Salmon, pit-headed tapeworms of the, 468

_Salmo umbla_, worms in the kidney of, 457

_Sanguisuga medicinalis_ or the grey leech, 258

Sanitation in connection with “rot”, 331

_Sarcoptes_ of the hog, 414
" _scabiei_, description of the, 265

Savages, little known about the parasites of, 27

Scabies, mortality in England from, 285

Scab or itch insect of man, 265

_Scalops canadensis_, nematode found in, 297

_Schistosoma_, considered as a synonym of Bilharzia, 39

_Sclerostoma_ and _Anchylostoma_ as synonyms, 211

_Sclerostoma dentatum_ of the hog, 412
" _pinguicola_ of Verrill, the so-called, 409
" _syngamus_ in birds, 443

Seals and walruses, parasites of, 314

Sheep, hydatids from cattle and, 139
" of New South Wales, fatal epizoöty in, 347
" parasitic bronchitis affecting, 335
" whip-worms occasioning “scour” in, 349

Shrews, parasites known to infest, 296

_Simondsia paradoxa_, description of, 406

_Simulium reptans_ or the creeping gnat, 273

Skunk, tapeworm infesting the, 298

Sloths, nematode worms found in, 322

Snake-birds, parasites in the cranium of, 446

Snake, larval nematode from the heart of a, 455
" worms from an Egyptian hooded, 456

_Solidungula_, parasites of the, 356

_Solpugidæ_, a family of Arachnida, 5

Soorti and masuri parasites of elephants, 395

_Sphærularia bombi_, Sir J. Lubbock’s description of, 481
" found in various bees, 480
" Schneider’s account of the development of, 482

_Spirilla_, found in the blood of fever patients, 277

_Spiroptera helicina_ in the feet of birds, 440
" _megastoma_ of the horse, 380
" _sanguinolenta_, Lewis’s remarks on, 303
" _sexalata_ infesting _Dicotyles_, 407
" _strongylina_ of the hog, 406

Sporocysts or unorganised germ-sacs, 453

Squirrels, internal parasites of, 315

_Stephanurus dentatus_ discovered by Natterer, 407
" Diesing’s description of, 408
" in Australia, announcement respecting, 409
" in relation to porcine epizoöty, 411
" _Nattereri_, proposed synonym, 412
" Professor Fletcher’s account of, 411
" rediscovered by Dr. White, 409

Sticklebacks, _Gyrodactylus_ from the tail of, 466

Stoat, parasites found in the common, 299

_Stomoxys calcitrans_, or the leg-sticker, 273

Strongyle, meaning and origin of the term, 4

Strongyles, Welsh equine epizoöty from, 377

_Strongylidæ_, family of round worms, 5

_Strongylus acuticaudatus_ from a Tinamou, 447
" _armatus_ of the horse, 367
" _dentatus_ confounded with _Stephanurus_, 412
" (_Eustrongylus_) _gigas_, found in man, 208
" _filaria_, experiments by Leuckart with, 337
" " temperature necessary to kill the, 70
" _micrurus_, or cattle lung-worm, 335
" " original experiments with, 337
" _minutissimus_ in Algerian sheep, 346
" _Pallasii_ from _Beluga leucas_, 427
" _paradoxus_ a cause of husk, 412
" _pergracilis_ and the grouse disease, 439
" _tetracanthus_, larvæ of, 374

Sturgeon, _Echinostoma hispidum_ from a, 462

_Suidæ_, rarity of flukes in the, 404

Sun-fish, _Tetrarhynchus_ infesting the, 471

Swine Breeders’ Association, U.S. National, 412
" external parasites of, 414
" internal parasites of, 404

Sword-fish, parasites of the, 458

Sydney, entozoa collected by Krefft and Masters near, 431

_Syngamus_ (_Sclerostoma_) _trachealis_ in birds, 443

_Syrphidæ_ include rat-tailed maggots, 7

_Tachyglossus setosus_, tapeworm found in, 433

Tacuschi, parasites of the so-called, 417

Tapeworm, Cullingworth’s monstrous variety of, 103
" from the vulpine opossum, 432
" in the Baikal, statements of Kaschin respecting, 82
" mortality in England from, 285
" the broad, derived from fish, 107

Tapeworms infesting marsupials, 432
" injurious to avian bearers, 438
" (_Ligulæ_) causing piscine epizoöty, 469
" of the dog, 300
" symptoms occasioned by, 90
" various families of, 4

Tapir, parasites of the American, 402

_Tænia abietina_, a variety of _T. mediocanellata_, 102
" _acanthotrias_, remarks on the so-called, 103
" and _cysticercus_, coexistence of, 94
" _angulata_ in nestling blackbirds, 440
" _bipapillosa_ from the wombat, 432
" _calva_ and the grouse disease, 439
" _canina_ identical with _T. elliptica_, 101
" _crassicollis_, its source suggested by Goeze, 57
" " possessing two heads, 105
" _cyathiformis_, allusion to the eggs of, 41
" _echinococcus_, its prevalence in Iceland, 125
" " reared from hydatids, 113
" _elliptica_ as a human parasite, 101
" _festiva_ in _Macropus_ and _Halmaturus_, 432
" _flavopuncta_, brief description of the, 101
" from the Cape of Good Hope, variety of, 104
" _geophiloides_ a new tapeworm, 432
" _lata_ of Pruner, probable synonym of, 96
" _lophosoma_, considered as a species, 99
" _Madagascariensis_, brief description of the, 100
" _magna_ of the rhinoceros, 401
" _marginata_, as a human parasite, 100
" _mediocanellata_, description of the, 66
" " Cullingworth’s specimen of, 99
" " feeding experiments with, 68
" " Mussulmans infested by, 78
" _megaloön_, doubtful character of the, 105
" _nana_, brief description of the, 100
" _perfoliata_, temperature necessary to kill the, 70
" _phalangistæ_ from the vulpine opossum, 482
" _phoptica_, a new tapeworm, 483
" remarkable Hunterian specimen of, 102
" _saginata_, considered as a synonym, 67
" _serrata_, temperature necessary to kill, 69
" _solium_, general description of the, 87
" " sources of infection by, 94
" _tenella_, probable source of the, 95
" _variabilis_, allusion to the eggs of, 41

_Tetrarhynchi_ of sharks and rays, 470

_Tetraphyllobothridæ_, a family of tapeworms, 4

_Tetrarhynchus reptans_ of the sun-fish, 472

Tenches destroyed by _Ligulæ_, 469

_Tetrastoma renale_, notice of the so-called, 86

_Tetrabothrium triangulare_, from _Delphinis_, 422

_Thecosoma_ considered as a synonym of _Bilharzia_, 89

Thorn-headed worms resemble nematodes, 6

Thread-worm, description of the common, 227

Tinamou, worms from the, 447

Tongues of living animals inspected for “cyst”, 80

Tope, or penny dog-fish, _Tetrarhynchus_ of the, 471

Trachearian arachnida, parasitic families of, 5

_Trematoda_, families of the order of, 4

Trematode-larvæ, Pagenstecher’s researches on, 462

Trematodes infesting opossums, 432

_Triænophoras nodulosus_ with two heads, 105

_Trichina affinis_, the so-called, 406
" _spiralis_, discovery of, in man, 194
" " description of the mature, 153
" " experiments conducted in England with, 157
" " in relation to diseased meat, 166
" " temperature necessary to kill the, 70

_Trichinidæ_ form a family of round worms, 5

Trichinosis in animals, symptoms of, 163
" in England, an outbreak of, 169
" in Germany, outbreaks of, 168

Trichocephalidæ, a family of round worms, 5

_Trichocephalus affinis_ in sheep, 349
" _crenatus_ of the hog, 406
" _dispar_, description of the, 178

_Trichosoma_, new species found by Solger, 456

_Tricuspidaria nodulosa_, with two heads, 105
" (_Triænophorus_) _nodulosa_ infesting fishes, 470

Tristomes not strictly entozoa, 463

_Tristomidæ_, a family of flukes, 4

Trout, _Echinorhynchi_ in the, 475
" the, a probable source of _Bothriocephalus_, 470

Tsetse fly fatal to the horse, 388

Turbellarians, remark concerning the, 8

Turbot, _Echinorhynchi_ in the, 475

Turkeys, water, parasites found by Wyman in, 446

Turtle, worms from a snapping, 455

Tympanum of whales, worms in the cavity of the, 425

_Tyroglyphus Méricourti_ of Laboulbène, 266

_Urobales palustris_ in connection with the guinea-worm, 219

_Udonella caligorum_, peculiar habit of, 484
" mode of development of, 463

Wagtail, flukes reared by Zeller in the, 436

Wallaby, _Filaria_ from the abdomen of a, 433
" tapeworms observed in the, 432

Warblers, development of flukes in, 435

Warbles formed by the larvæ of Œstrus, 351

Wasps (_Vespa_), _Sphærularia_ in, 481

Water-hen, worms found in the legs of the, 447

Water-turkeys, worms in the cranium of, 446

Weasles, internal parasites of, 298
" source of tapeworms in, 296

Whale-lice (_Cyami_ and _Pycnogonidæ_), 428
" (_Cyamidæ_), zoological position of, 5

Whale-worms found by John Hunter, 427

Whales, ectozoa of, 428
" internal parasites of, 416

Whip-worm (_Trichocephalus_) of the hog, 406

White-throat, flukes reared by Zeller in the, 436

Wombat, tapeworm found in the, 432

Worm-aneurism, Bollinger’s researches on, 368

Worm-like sac in the mitral valve of a horse, 281

Worms are not a criterion of previous disease, 435
" from the heart of a guillemot, 447
" infesting the Virginian opossum, 433
" in the knee-joint of a kangaroo, 433
" in the tympanic cavity of whales, 425
" in whales, found by John Hunter, 427
" mortality in England from, 285
" of the kangaroo in the Hunterian Museum, 433

Zebra, hydatids from the liver of the, 366
" " from a, described by Huxley, 117

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WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

Post 8vo, price 5_s._, Illustrated.

THE INTERNAL PARASITES OF OUR DOMESTICATED
ANIMALS:

A Manual of the Entozoa of the Ox, Sheep, Dog, Horse,
Pig, and Cat.

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A Statement of Facts tending to prove the Parasitic Origin
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London: ‘The Field’ Office, 346, Strand, W.C.

Third Edition, Re-written, price 5_s._

TAPEWORMS (HUMAN ENTOZOA):

THEIR SOURCES, VARIETIES, AND TREATMENT.

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CATALOGUE OF ENTOZOA IN THE MUSEUM OF THE
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London: Hardwicke and Bogue, 192, Piccadilly.

_London, New Burlington Street.
May, 1879._

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INDEX

PAGE

Acton on the Reproductive Organs, 8

Adams (W.) on Clubfoot, 6
-- (R.) on Rheumatic Gout, 19

Allingham’s Diseases of the Rectum, 7

Anatomical Remembrancer, 11

Anderson (McC.) on Eczema, 19
-- (McC.) on Parasitic Affections, 19

Aveling’s Influence of Posture, 14

Balfour’s Diseases of the Heart, 16

Bantock’s Rupture of Perineum, 14

Barclay’s Medical Diagnosis, 12

Barker’s Puerperal Diseases, 13

Barnes’ Obstetric Operations, 14
-- Diseases of Women, 14

Basham on Diseases of the Kidneys, 8

Beale on Kidney Diseases, 8
-- on Microscope in Medicine, 11

Bellamy’s Guide to Surgical Anatomy, 10

Bennet’s Winter and Spring on the Mediterranean, 17
-- Pulmonary Consumption, 17
-- Nutrition, 18

Bennett (J. R.) on Cancerous Growths, 19

Berkart’s Asthma, 15

Bigg’s Orthopraxy, 6

Binz’s Elements of Therapeutics, 12

Black on the Urinary Organs, 8

Blakiston’s Clinical Reminiscences, 11

Bose’s Rational Therapeutics, 11
-- Recognisant Medicine, 11

Braune’s Topographical Anatomy, 11

Brodhurst’s Orthopædic Surgery, 6

Bryant’s Practice of Surgery, 4

Burdett’s Cottage Hospital, 15

Burnett on the Ear, 6

Buzzard on Syphilitic Nervous Affections, 8

Carpenter’s Human Physiology, 10

Carter (H. V.) on Mycetoma, 20

Carter (W.) on Renal and Urinary Diseases, 8

Cauty on Diseases of the Skin, 20

Chapman on Neuralgia, 19

Charteris’ Practice of Medicine, 11

Clark’s Outlines of Surgery, 4
-- Surgical Diagnosis, 5

Clay’s Obstetric Surgery, 13

Coles’ Dental Mechanics, 23

Cormack’s Clinical Studies, 12

Cottle’s Hair in Health and Disease, 20

Cullingworth’s Nurse’s Companion, 14

Curling’s Diseases of the Rectum, 7
-- Diseases of the Testis, 7

Dalby on the Ear, 6

Dalton’s Human Physiology, 9

Day on Children’s Diseases, 13
-- on Headaches, 18

Dobell’s Lectures on Winter Cough, 15
-- Loss of Weight, &c., 15

Domville’s Manual for Hospital Nurses, 15

Druitt’s Surgeon’s Vade-Mecum, 4

Duncan on the Female Perineum, 14

Dunglison’s Medical Dictionary, 22

Ellis’s Manual of Diseases of Children, 12

Emmet’s Gynæcology, 14

Eulenburg and Guttmann’s Sympathetic System of Nerves, 19

Fayrer’s Observations in India, 4

Fergusson’s Practical Surgery, 4

Fenwick’s Guide to Medical Diagnosis, 12

Flint on Phthisis, 16
-- on Percussion and Auscultation, 16

Foster’s Clinical Medicine, 11

Fox (C. B.) Sanitary Examinations, 21

Fox (T.) Atlas of Skin Diseases, 20

Frey’s Histology, 9

Gamgee on Fractures of the Limbs, 4
-- on Treatment of Wounds, 4

Gant’s Science and Practice of Surgery, 4
-- Diseases of the Bladder, 8

Gaskoin on Psoriasis or Lepra, 20

Glenn’s Laws affecting Medical Men, 20

Godlee’s Atlas of Human Anatomy, 11

Gowan on Consumption, 15

Habershon on Diseases of the Liver, 18
-- on Diseases of the Abdomen, 18
-- on Diseases of the Stomach, 18
-- on the Pneumogastric Nerve, 18

Hamilton’s Nervous Diseases, 18

Hancock’s Surgery of Foot and Ankle, 6

Harris on Lithotomy, 7

Harrison’s Stricture of Urethra, 7

Hayden on the Heart, 16

Heath’s Minor Surgery and Bandaging, 5
-- Diseases and Injuries of Jaws, 5
-- Operative Surgery, 5
-- Practical Anatomy, 10

Higgens’ Ophthalmic Practice, 22

Holden’s Landmarks, 10
-- Human Osteology, 10

Hood on Gout, Rheumatism, &c., 19

Hooper’s Physician’s Vade-Mecum, 11

Horton’s Tropical Diseases, 17

Hutchinson’s Clinical Surgery, 5

Huth’s Marriage of Near Kin, 9

Ireland’s Idiocy and Imbecility, 21

James’ Sore Throat, 16

Jones (C. H.) and Sieveking’s Pathological Anatomy, 10
-- (C. H.) on Functional Nervous Disorders, 18

Jones (H. McN.) Aural Surgery, 6
-- Atlas of Diseases of Membrana Tympani, 6

Jones (Wharton) Ophthalmic Medicine and Surgery, 23

Jordan’s Surgical Inflammations, 6

Jordan’s Surgical Inquiries, 6

Leber and Rottenstein’s Dental Caries, 23

Lee (H.) on Syphilis, 8

Leared on Imperfect Digestion, 18

Liebreich’s Atlas of Ophthalmoscopy, 22

Liveing on Megrim, &c., 18

Macdonald’s (A.) Disease of the heart, 16

Macdonald’s (J. D.) Examination of Water, 21

Mackenzie on Diphtheria, 16

Macnamara on Diseases of the Eye, 22

Madden’s Health Resorts, 17

Marsden on certain Forms of Cancer, 19

Mason on Harelip and Cleft Palate, 5
-- Surgery of the Face, 5

Maunder’s Operative Surgery, 4
-- Surgery of Arteries, 4

Mayne’s Medical Vocabulary, 22

Morris (H.) Anatomy of the Joints, 10

Ogston’s Medical Jurisprudence, 20

Osborn on Hydrocele, 7

Parkes’ Manual of Practical Hygiene, 21

Parkin’s Epidemiology, 23

Pavy on Food and Dietetics, 18
-- on Diabetes, 18

Peacock’s Valvular Disease, 16

Phillips’ Materia Medica, 12

Pirrie’s Surgery, 4

Pollock’s Rheumatism, 19

Ramsbotham’s Obstetrics, 13

Reynolds’ Uses of Electricity, 22

Roberts’ (C.) Manual of Anthropometry, 9

Roberts’ (D. Lloyd) Practice of Midwifery, 13

Roussel’s Transfusion of Blood, 5

Routh’s Infant Feeding, 13

Roy’s Burdwan Fever, 17

Royle and Harley’s Materia Medica, 12

Rutherford’s Practical Histology, 9

Salt’s Medico-Electric Apparatus, 22

Sanderson’s Physiological Handbook, 9

Sansom’s Diseases of the Heart, 16

Savage on the Female Pelvic Organs, 4

Savory’s Domestic Medicine, 15

Sayre’s Orthopædic Surgery, 6

Schroeder’s Manual of Midwifery, 13

Semple on the Heart, 15

Sewill’s Dental Anatomy, 23

Shapter’s Diseases of the Heart, 16

Sheppard on Madness, 21

Sibson’s Medical Anatomy, 10

Sieveking’s Life Assurance, 21

Smith (E.) Wasting Diseases of Children, 13
-- Clinical Studies, 13

Smith (Henry) Surgery of the Rectum, 8

Smith (Heywood) Gynæcology, 14

Smith (J.) Dental Anatomy, 23

Smith (W. R.) Nursing, 15

Spender’s Bath Waters, 17

Steiner’s Diseases of Children, 13

Stillé and Maisch’s Dispensatory, 12

Stocken’s Dental Materia Medica, 12

Stowe’s Toxicological Chart, 20

Sullivan’s Tropical Diseases, 17

Swain’s Surgical Emergencies, 5

Swayne’s Obstetric Aphorisms, 14

Taft’s Operative Dentistry, 23

Tait’s Hospital Mortality, 15

Taylor’s Principles of Medical Jurisprudence, 20
-- Manual of Medical Jurisprudence, 20
-- Poisons in relation to Medical Jurisprudence, 20

Teale’s Dangers to Health, 21

Thomas on Ear and Throat Diseases, 6

Thompson’s Stricture of Urethra, 7
-- Practical Lithotomy and Lithotrity, 7
-- Diseases of Urinary Organs, 7
-- Diseases of the Prostate, 7
-- Calculous Disease, 7

Thornton on Tracheotomy, 16

Thorowgood on Asthma, 15
-- on Materia Medica, 12

Thudichum’s Pathology of Urine, 8

Tibbits’ Medical Electricity, 22
-- Map of Motor Points, 22

Tilt’s Uterine Therapeutics, 13
-- Change of Life, 13
-- Health in India, 17

Tomes’ (C. S.) Dental Anatomy, 23
-- (J. and C. S.) Dental Surgery, 23

Tuke on the Influence of the Mind upon the Body, 21

Van Buren on Diseases of the Genito-Urinary Organs, 8

Veitch’s Handbook for Nurses, 15

Virchow’s Post-mortem Examinations, 10

Wagstaffe’s Human Osteology, 9

Walton’s Diseases of the Eye, 22

Ward on Affections of the Liver, 17

Waring’s Practical Therapeutics, 12
-- Bazaar Medicines of India, 17

Wells (Soelberg) on Diseases of the Eye, 23
-- Long, Short, and Weak Sight, 23

Wells (Spencer) on Diseases of the Ovaries, 14

West’s Diseases of Women, 14

Whistler’s Syphilis of Larynx, 17

Wilks’ Diseases of Nervous System, 18
-- Pathological Anatomy, 10

Wilson’s (E.) Anatomist’s Vade-Mecum, 11
-- Diseases of the Skin, 19
-- Lectures on Ekzema, 19
-- Lectures on Dermatology, 19

Wilson’s (G.) Handbook of Hygiene, 21

Woodman & Tidy’s Forensic Medicine, 21

CATALOGUE OF RECENT WORKS

THE PRACTICE OF SURGERY:
a Manual by THOMAS BRYANT, F.R.C.S., Surgeon to Guy’s Hospital.
Third Edition, 2 vols., crown 8vo, with 672 Engravings, 28s.
[1878]

THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY,
by WILLIAM PIRRIE, F.R.S.E., Professor of Surgery in the
University of Aberdeen. Third Edition, 8vo, with 490 Engravings,
28s. [1873]

A SYSTEM OF PRACTICAL SURGERY,
by Sir WILLIAM FERGUSSON, Bart., F.R.C.S., F.R.S. Fifth Edition,
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BY THE SAME AUTHOR.