Chapter I: Front Matter (1)

Transcriber’s Notes

Text printed in italics have been transcribed _between underscores_,
underlined text =between equal signs=, and spaced out text ~between
tildes~. Small capitals have been changed to ALL CAPITALS.

More Transcriber’s Notes may be found at the end of this text.

PICTURED PUZZLES AND WORD PLAY

_=BY THE SAME AUTHOR=_

UNIFORM WITH THIS VOLUME

THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
STANDARD PUZZLE BOOK

Crown 8vo. Cloth Extra. Gilt.

Can you discover by anagram what the ape is saying to the elephant, from this descriptive sentence?

A sly tree-ape, he tries a rum telephone.

_Exactly the same letters must be used._]

PICTURED PUZZLES
AND
WORD PLAY

A COMPANION TO
THE TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD
PUZZLE BOOK

EDITED BY
A. CYRIL PEARSON, M.A.
AUTHOR OF
“100 CHESS PROBLEMS,” “ANAGRAMS, ANCIENT AND MODERN,” ETC.

_PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED_

LONDON
GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO.

CONTENTS.

FRONTISPIECE PUZZLE

PAGE
PICTURED PUZZLES AND WORD PLAY 1
ENIGMAS, CHARADES, PUZZLES, &C., &C. 130
ODDS AND ENDS 188
SOLUTIONS TO PICTURED PUZZLES 202
„ „ WORD PLAY 283
„ „ ODDS AND ENDS 375

PICTURED PUZZLES

No. I.--A GOOD SPECIMEN

Here is a nest of magic squares, seven of them within the four corners of one diagram:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║149│ 16│ 33│196│ 47│197│ 44│208│ 42│203│ 57│194│ 38│ 54│217║
╟───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╢
║177┃ 62│183│ 52│213│ 59│160│ 15│161│ 85│156│190│105│ 28┃ 49║
╟───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───╢
║ 56┃147┃201│146│ 75│155│ 2│220│ 3│153│ 53│ 26│209┃ 79┃170║
╟───╂───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───╂───╢
║162┃ 76┃148┃180│ 83│187│ 41│104│ 22│195│145│ 60┃ 78┃150┃ 64║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───╂───╂───╢
║ 74┃176┃ 4┃124┃119│ 37│154│ 48│186│138│109┃102┃222┃ 50┃152║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║221┃ 24┃175┃ 63┃ 86┃116│ 93│135│ 94│127┃140┃163┃ 51┃202┃ 5║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║ 10┃215┃ 69┃159┃134┃ 95┃ 98│126│115┃131┃ 92┃ 67┃157┃ 11┃216║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───┼───┼───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║219┃ 19┃165┃ 1┃136┃ 97┃130│113│ 96┃129┃ 90┃225┃ 61┃207┃ 7║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───┼───┼───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║ 8┃205┃ 84┃191┃ 87┃158┃111│100│128┃ 68┃139┃ 35┃142┃ 21┃218║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║214┃ 34┃144┃ 27┃112┃ 99│133│ 91│132│110┃114┃199┃ 82┃192┃ 12║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───╂───╂───╂───╢
║ 14┃123┃ 55┃106┃117│189│ 72│178│ 40│ 88│107┃120┃171┃103┃212║
╟───╂───╂───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───╂───╂───╢
║206┃ 89┃181┃166│143│ 39│185│122│204│ 31│ 81│ 46┃ 45┃137┃ 20║
╟───╂───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───╂───╢
║ 58┃101┃ 17│ 80│151│ 71│224│ 6│223│ 73│173│200│ 25┃125┃168║
╟───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───╢
║118┃198│ 43│174│ 13│167│ 66│211│ 65│141│ 70│ 36│121│164┃108║
╟───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╢
║ 9│210│193│ 30│179│ 29│182│ 18│184│ 23│169│ 32│188│172│ 77║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

As each border is removed a fresh magic square remains, in which the numbers in the cells of each row, column, and diagonal add up to the same sum, while each of these sums is a multiple of the central 113.

No. II.--A BORDERED DIAMOND

By G. Slater

┌
│
┌───┘
│ 91
┌───┘ ┌
│ 3 │
┌───┘ ┌───┘
│ 27 │ 25
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌
│156 │154 │
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│161 │ 15 │138
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌
│130 │153 │136 │
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│162 │147 │120 │ 69
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│ 39 │ 22 │ 55 │112
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│ 4 │152 │ 76 │ 57 56
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│168 │146 │139 │100 99
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│ 6 │ 21 │ 29 │ 45 44 43
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
│157 │ 80 │ 30 │ 88 87 86
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│ 53 │ 41 │134 │123 122 121
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│ 10 │132 │ 89 │ 74 73
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│105 │ 67 │ 35 │109 108
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│ 5 │116 │137 │ 60
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│144 │ 19 │107 │ 95
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│ 11 │106 │ 68 │
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └
│118 │ 77 │ 37
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐
│ 92 │ 38 │
└───┐ └───┐ └
│163 │148
└───┐ └───┐
│ 12 │
└───┐ └
│ 66
└───┐
│
└

───┐
1│
└───┐
117│
───┐ └───┐
20│ 160│
└───┐ └───┐
129│ 65│
───┐ └───┐ └───┐
42│ 38│ 165│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐
36│ 103│ 26│
───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
124│ 81│ 54│ 159│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
75│ 135│ 151│ 52│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
111 110│ 33│ 64│ 78│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
62 61│ 63│ 93│ 7│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
98 97 96│ 102│ 142│ 158│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
49 48 47│ 133│ 51│ 104│
└───┐ └───┐ └───┐ └───┐
85 84 83 82│ 140│ 90│ 13│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
127 126 125│ 52│ 145│ 79│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
72 71 70│ 34│ 16│ 167│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
114 113│ 50│ 155│ 143│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
59 58│ 115│ 17│ 14│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
101│ 94│ 23│ 9│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
46│ 31│ 148│ 40│
───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
41│ 18│ 8│
┌───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
128│ 24│ 131│
───┘ ┌───┘ ┌───┘
149│ 166│
┌───┘ ┌───┘
130│ 2│
───┘ ┌───┘
164│
┌───┘
169│
───┘

It is a perfect magic diamond as it stands, and equally perfect are the diamonds that remain when each border of cells is removed, as is indicated by the lines.

WORD PLAY

1. A PARADOX

Two words in our region of puzzledom pose,
And claim, through the passage of years
That neither the pages of Johnson disclose,
While either in Murray appears.

No. III.--A MULTIFOLD MAGIC SQUARE

Here is a magic square of 81 cells.

┌───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┐
│ 53│ 8│ 71│ 28│ 73│ 10│ 51│ 6│ 69│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 62│ 44│ 26│ 19│ 37│ 55│ 60│ 42│ 24│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 17│ 80│ 35│ 61│ 1│ 46│ 15│ 78│ 33│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 66│ 21│ 30│ 14│ 59│ 50│ 34│ 79│ 16│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 3│ 39│ 75│ 77│ 41│ 5│ 25│ 43│ 61│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 48│ 57│ 12│ 32│ 23│ 68│ 70│ 7│ 52│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 31│ 76│ 13│ 72│ 27│ 36│ 11│ 56│ 47│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 22│ 40│ 58│ 9│ 45│ 81│ 74│ 38│ 2│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ 67│ 4│ 49│ 54│ 63│ 18│ 29│ 20│ 65│
└───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┘

If divided, as is shown, into 9 small squares, each of these is also a magic square, and yet another magic square is formed by the totals of these 9 squares arranged thus:--

┌───┬───┬───┐
│396│333│378│
├───┼───┼───┤
│351│369│387│
├───┼───┼───┤
│360│405│342│
└───┴───┴───┘

No. IV.--A MODEL MAGIC SQUARE

This magic square, which has in its cells the first sixteen numbers, is so constructed that these add up to 34 in very many ways.

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ 4│ 15│ 14│ 1║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 9│ 6│ 7│ 12║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 5│ 10│ 11│ 8║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 16│ 3│ 2│ 13║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

How many of these, in addition to the usual rows, columns, and diagonals, can you discover? They must, of course, be in some sort symmetrical.

2. A PREDOMINANT VOWEL

Can you fill in the missing letters which are needed to turn the oft-repeated “u” below into rhyming verse:--

.u.. .u.u. .u..u.., ..u...u. .u.. u..u..,
.u... .u.., .u. .u..u.. .u..u... ..u...u. ..u..;
...u.. .u...., .u.. .u..u.. ..u... .u... .u... u..u..,
U. .u...., .u.. ..u..-.u.u., .u..u.’. .u...u. .u..

No. V.--TESSELATED DIAMOND

By G. Slater

┏
┃
┏━━━╃
┃ 13│
┏━━━╃───┼
┃113│ │
┏━━━╃───┼───┼
┃ 12│ │110│
┌───╄━━━╅───┼───┼
│ 42│ ┃ 9│ │
┌───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───┼
│ 74│ │ 81│ ┃112│
┌───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄━━━╅
│ 67│ │ 53│ │ 87│ ┃
┏━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄
┃ 27┃ │ 49│ │ 50│ │ 35│
┏━━━╃───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆
┃ 96│ │ 26┃ │ 46│ │ 72│ ┃
┏━━━╃───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───╆━━━╃
┃ 30│ │ 95│ │ 97┃ │ 76│ ┃ 75│
┏━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───╆━━━╃───┼
┃ 91│ │ 31│ │ 28│ │ 94┃ ┃ 40│ │
┗━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───╅━━━╃───╄━━━╅───┼
┃ 92│ │ 90│ │ 25┃ │ 64│ ┃ 89│
┗━━━╅───┼───┼───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───╄━━━╅
┃ 29│ │ 93┃ │ 58│ │ 62│ ┃
┗━━━╅───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄
┃ 32┃ │ 66│ │ 60│ │ 57│
┗━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆
│ 44│ │ 79│ │ 65│ ┃
└───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆━━━╃
│ 51│ │ 38│ ┃104│
└───┼───┼───╆━━━╃───┼
│ 88│ ┃ 22│ │
└───╆━━━╃───┼───┼
┃ 99│ │ 23│
┗━━━╅───┼───┼
┃100│ │
┗━━━╅───┼
┃ 21│
┗━━━╅
┃
┗

━━━┓
106┃
───╄━━━┓
│109┃
───┼───╄━━━┓
16│ │ 14┃
───┼───┼───╄━━━┓
│107│ │ 15┃
───┼───┼───╆━━━╃───┐
11│ │100┃ │ 78│
───┼───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───┐
│ 10┃ │ 56│ │ 71│
───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
111┃ │ 83│ │43 │ │ 34│
━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆━━━┓
│ 59│ │ 63│ │ 84│ ┃ 6┃
━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆━━━╃───╄━━━┓
68┃ │ 39│ │ 37│ ┃115│ │ 7┃
───╄━━━┓───┼───┼───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───╄━━━┓
│ 33┃ │ 85│ ┃ 3│ │116│ │114┃
───┼───╄━━━╅───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄━━━┓
61│ │ 82┃ ┃120│ │ 2│ │ 5│ │117┃
───┼───╆━━━╃───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───╆━━━┛
│ 47┃ │ 41│ ┃119│ │121│ │ 8┃
───╆━━━╃───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───╆━━━┛
54┃ │ 69│ │ 86│ ┃ 4│ │118┃
━━━╃───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───╈━━━┛
│ 73│ │ 52│ │ 80│ ┃ 1┃
━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╄━━━┛
19┃ │ 45│ │ 48│ │ 36│
───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───┼───┼───┘
│ 18┃ │ 55│ │ 70│
───┼───╄━━━╅───┼───┼───┘
103│ │105┃ │ 77│
───┼───┼───╄━━━╅───┘
│ 20│ │102┃
───┼───┼───╆━━━┛
98│ │ 17┃
───┼───╆━━━┛
│101┃
───╆━━━┛
24┃
━━━┛

In this ingenious diamond all rows and both diagonals add up to 671; in the four corner diamonds all add up to 244; and in the central diamond, and the 16 rows of threes surrounding it, to 183.

3. AN ENIGMA

I see my first, I see my next,
And both I sigh and see
Joined to my third, which much perplexed
And sorely puzzled me.
’Twas fifty, and ’twas something more,
Reversed ’twas scarce an ell,
With first and next it forms a whole
Clear as a crystal bell.
What is my whole? A splendid tear
Upheld in cruel thrall;
Blow soft, ye gales, bright sun appear!
And bid me gently fall.

No. VI.--MAGIC SQUARE BY MULTIPLICATION

Here is a magic square, in which the rows, columns, and diagonals yield the same product, 4096, by multiplication:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╗
║128| 1 | 32║
╟───┼───┼───╢
║ 4 | 16| 64║
╟───┼───┼───╢
║ 8 |256| 2 ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╝

It will be seen that the numbers in this square, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, are in regular progression, and 4096 is also the cube of the central 16.

No. VII.--ANOTHER BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE

Here is quite a good example of a bordered magic square of sixty-four cells:--

┏━━━┯━━━┯━━━┯━━━┯━━━┯━━━┯━━━┯━━━┓
┃ 1│ 56│ 55│ 11│ 53│ 13│ 14│ 57┃
┠───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───┨
┃ 63┃ 15│ 47│ 22│ 42│ 24│ 45┃ 2┃
┠───╂───╆━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╅───╂───┨
┃ 62┃ 49┃ 25│ 40│ 34│ 31┃ 16┃ 3┃
┠───╂───╂───┼───┼───┼───╂───╂───┨
┃ 4┃ 48┃ 28│ 37│ 35│ 30┃ 17┃ 61┃
┠───╂───╂───┼───┼───┼───╂───╂───┨
┃ 5┃ 44┃ 39│ 26│ 32│ 33┃ 21┃ 60┃
┠───╂───╂───┼───┼───┼───╂───╂───┨
┃ 59┃ 19┃ 38│ 27│ 29│ 36┃ 46┃ 6┃
┠───╂───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───╂───┨
┃ 58┃ 20│ 18│ 43│ 23│ 41│ 50┃ 7┃
┠───╄━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━┿━━━╃───┨
┃ 8│ 9│ 10│ 54│ 12│ 52│ 51│ 64┃
┗━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━┛

It is a perfect specimen itself, and as each border is removed a fresh perfect magic square is revealed.

4. A CHARADE

Take for my first a quadruped,
Transpose one for my second;
My whole, a biped, quick or dead,
Is dainty reckoned.

5. BYRON’S ENIGMA

I am not in youth, nor in manhood, nor age,
But in infancy ever am known;
I’m a stranger alike to the fool and the sage,
And though I’m distinguish’d in history’s page
I always am greatest alone.

I am not in earth, nor the sun, nor the moon;
You may search all the sky--I’m not there;
In the morning and evening--though not in the noon--
You may plainly perceive me--for, like a balloon,
I am midway suspended in air.

Though disease may possess me, and sickness and pain,
I am never in sorrow nor gloom;
Though in wit and in wisdom I equally reign,
I’m the heart of all sin, and have long lived in vain,
Yet I ne’er shall be found in the tomb!

No. VIII.--A HARDY ANNUAL

A magic square can be formed with the 81 numbers from 172 to 252 inclusive, which in all its rows, columns, and diagonals will total 1908. It may interest our solvers to complete the square.

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║216│175│224│ │ │ │240│199│248║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║247│215│174│ │ │ │190│239│207║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║206│246│214│ │ │ │230│198│238║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ │ │213│172│221│ │ │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ │ │244│212│180│ │ │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ │ │203│252│211│ │ │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║186│226│194│ │ │ │210│178│218║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║217│185│234│ │ │ │250│209│177║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║176│225│184│ │ │ │200│249│208║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

We have filled in, as a solid start, 45 of the 81 cells.

No. IX.--ANOTHER “ANNO DOMINI”

This magic square adds up in rows, columns, and diagonals to 1908:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║469│484│472│483║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║481│474│478│475║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║482│471│485│470║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║476│479│473│480║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

Can you decide in how many other symmetrical ways the same total is to be made?

No. X.--A DOMINO MAGIC SQUARE

In this magic square the rows, columns, and diagonals add up always to 33.

┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
│ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
│ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ │ │ ● │
│ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤
│ │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ │
│ ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ │ │ ● │
│ │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ │
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘
┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● │
│ ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● │
├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤
│ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ │ │ ● ● │
│ ● │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │
│ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ │ │ ● ● │
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘

┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
│ │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
│ │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │
│ │ │ │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘

┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ │ │ ● │
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● │
│ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ │ │ ● │
├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤
│ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● │
│ ● │ │ ● │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● │
│ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● │
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘

┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
│ ● │ │ ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
│ │ │ │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
│ ● │ │ ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● ● │
├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤ ├─────┤
│ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ │
│ │ │ ● │ │ │ │ │ │ ● │
│ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ ● │ │ ● ● │ │ │
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘

Can you rearrange it so that the first stone (three-ace) shall occupy the centre, now filled by the double six, and it shall still add up in all ways to 33?

6. SHIFTING LETTERS

I am bright as a whole
Till you cut off my head;
Then as black as a coal,
Or a mortal instead.

Shaken up and recast
We with science are found,
Read us back from the last
And we live underground.

No. XI.--CHESS AND NUMBERS

The arrangement of numbers in the 36 cells of this square discloses a very close affinity between chess and arithmetic.

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ 30│ 21│ 6│ 15│ 28│ 19║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 7│ 16│ 29│ 20│ 5│ 14║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 22│ 31│ 8│ 35│ 18│ 27║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 9│ 36│ 17│ 26│ 13│ 4║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 32│ 23│ 2│ 11│ 34│ 25║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 1│ 10│ 33│ 24│ 3│ 12║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

Can you follow this out?

7. A GOOD CHARADE

_By Horace Smith, one of the authors of_
“_Rejected Addresses._”

In arts and sciences behold my first the watchword still,
All prejudice must bend the knee before its iron will;
Yet “Onward!” is the Briton’s cry--a cry that doth express
A holy work but half begun, and speaks of hopefulness.

In palace or in lonely cot its name alike is heard,
And in the Senate’s lordly halls sit my second and my third.
Strange paradox, though for my first my total is designed,
Sad marks of vice and ignorance we in that whole may find.

No. XII.--NUMBERS PATIENCE

Those who combine a fancy for “Patience” with some skill in numbers will find amusement in filling the empty cells of this diagram with appropriate numbers, each of which must consist of two figures:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ 17│ │ │ │ 24║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ 32│ │ 46│ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ │ 14│ │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ 19│ │ 16│ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 22│ │ │ │ 20║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

It is required that each of the rows across from side to side shall add up, when all the cells are filled, to 143 exactly. No number must be used more than once.

No. XIII.--THE WINDMILL

Can you divide a square into 15 parts, which can be built up into this windmill?

8. THRICE BEHEADED

Untouched I tell of budding growth and life;
Beheaded I lead upward more or less;
Again--with varied fragrance I am rife;
Again--but little value I express.

No. XIV.--A NEST OF RECTANGLES

In this nest of 49 squares it is possible to count a great number of distinct and interlacing figures, whose opposite sides are equal, and whose angles are all right angles.

┌───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┐
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
└───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┘

Can you decide exactly the number of these rectangles, and say how many of them are square?

9. AN ENIGMA

Search Holy Writ and you will see
A victory was won by me.
Behead me, and I may be found
In water or on hilly ground.
Behead again, and then transpose,
A snare my letters now disclose.
If yet again my head you sever,
No matter how sharp-set or clever
’Tis all in vain you look about,
For no one yet has found me out.

No. XV.--ANOTHER DOMINO MAGIC SQUARE

Can you, using all the dominoes except double five, five-six, and double six, construct with the twenty-five stones a magic square that adds up in all rows, columns, and diagonals to 27, and in which the stones in the cells marked by the same figures in this diagram also add up to that number?

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ 2 │ │ 1 │ │ 2 ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ 4 │ 3 │ 4 │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 1 │ 3 │ │ 3 │ 1 ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ │ 4 │ 3 │ 4 │ ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 2 │ │ 1 │ │ 2 ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

No. XVI.--DOMINO PATIENCE

The problem is to construct, with all the twenty-eight stones, a domino pyramid of seven stages, starting with a single stone, and adding one stone on each successive stage.

The stones must be so arranged that the number of pips in any row or column are in all cases exactly three times the number of half-dominoes of which that line or column is composed. There are many solutions to exercise the solver’s patience.

10. LEGAL PLEASANTRIES

Said a lawyer aside to his friend in the court,
“Now I’d bet, were we not in this place,
That my first is my second a bottle of port,”
Then bright with my whole shone his face.

11. RIVALS ON THE ROAD

Six horse buses and four motor buses travel each hour from Temple Bar to the Bank. The horses take 15 minutes, and the motors 10 minutes on the journey.

If I come to Temple Bar, and wish to reach the Bank as soon as possible, shall I take the first horse bus that turns up, or wait for a motor? It must be assumed that I can only see a bus as it actually passes me.

No. XVII.--A FRIENDLY HINT

The father of this venturesome lad, who was on the point of breaking out of bounds, came on the scene just in time to warn him in a sentence of nine words, five of which were “Never throw a leg, lad.”

Can you supply the other four words, which are spelt with _exactly the same letters?_

No. XVIII.--CATASTROPHE

In this picture we see that a cat has sprung upon the table to interview the parrot.

The title “Catastrophe” recast by anagram, tells the parrot’s happy thought at this critical moment, and the appropriate sentence,

“New parrot-stand in a house,”

tells, also by anagram, how he put this into instant operation.

12. A HISTORICAL CHARADE

My first, if foolishly or rashly taken,
May mar the future prospects of your life.
My second, by her fickle lord forsaken
(Sad type of many a gentle, patient wife),
May toil and moil to feed his many babies,
While he goes flirting off with other ladies.
The thrifty monarch of a former age
My whole a place in Britain’s history fills.
Immortalised in Shakespeare’s magic pages
As one who’d fain reform his tailor’s bills!

No. XIX.--A PRECOCIOUS BOY

This is the picture of the first prize boy at a baby show. The judge, noticing the position of one chubby fist, said to the proud mother, “Your lad Tommy likes such tit-bits.”

To his amazement the baby, removing the comforting hand, replied in eight words composed of _exactly the same letters_, “So to-day, sir, . .... .. ...... .....” Can you complete the sentence?

No. XX.--AGAINST THE COLLAR

The lady who is sitting at the back of this overloaded waggonette cries out, in her sympathy with the struggling horse, “This big load quite hinders his pull.”

Her husband, full of holiday spirits and energy, answers her in a sentence of mingled reproof and determination, which forms a perfect anagram of the words of his wife, and describes his feelings and action. Can you recast the letters?

No. XXI.--IN A BILLIARD-ROOM

At the moment when a burly and keen player was in this strange and striking attitude,

a bystander whispered to the marker, “Eh! what a stout player is striking!”

Can you, using exactly the same letters, put into the mouth of the marker a reply appropriate to the position?

13. A SAUCY MAIDEN

My _second_, worn with pompous pride,
My _first_ had dangling at his side,
On chain securely hooked.
My _first_ he came from o’er the sea,
A bundle of conceit looked he,
And he was all he looked.

She led him to the village green,
Where in desponding mood was seen
My _whole_, with drooping head.
“Behold,” she said, “a perfect, true,
And striking likeness, sir, of you!”
And, laughing, gaily fled.

No. XXII.--EVOLVING A PAINTER

There are two English words which are appropriate to this picture--

One of them has as its anagram the very apposite sentence, “Or not a man first;” the other treated in similar fashion becomes, “O I love nuts!” What are the two words?

14. DOUBLETS

Who can turn WHEAT into BREAD with six links, changing one letter each time, and preserving the general order of the letters throughout?

No. XXIII.--THE PICK OF THE PACK

How can we decide by anagram whether this is a fancy portrait of “William or dear Jack?”

Shake up and recast the words in inverted commas.

15. AN OLD ENIGMA

Can our readers solve this enigma, which was published in 1811, and to which no answer seems to be known?

I’m one among a numerous host,
And very useful in my post;
There’s not a house in all the land
Without me properly can stand.
Though men disputed long ago
Whether I did exist or no,
Once more some thousands have been slain
Because they could not me attain.

No. XXIV.--A PICTURE PUZZLE

Take this picture in connection with the lines below it, and find out what it represents.

Begin with the end of my first,
then you will find out the rest;
For it all will appeal to your thirst,
Or point to a ponderous guest.

No. XXV.--AN ANXIOUS POSE

His wife, who chanced to see Jiggers at the trying moment here depicted, said that he seemed to be in a “sad pet.”

How was this literally true?

No. XXVI.--TOSS NEITHER HEAD NOR TAIL

Never was a cow so troublesome at milking-time.

Our picture was taken at the moment when Farmer Hayseed was exclaiming, as he held on behind, “See, we hold this cow’s horns and tail!”

The same letters, recast by anagram, form this sentence spoken by his foreman--

“She cannot toss, ... .... .... .. ..”

Can you fill in the five missing words?

16. ANAGRAM PROVERBS

These grave lips chatter no ill.

or

Elephants, all to richest giver!

Can you recast the letters of these sentences so that either of them forms the same homely proverb, to which the first anagram is most akin?

No. XXVII.--ACTION AND PASSION

This very resolute horse and his anxious driver take quite different views of the situation shown in this picture.

We can fancy that the fast trotter, if he could be endowed with speech, would say, “I’m a train’d stepper!”

Can you take these same letters, and recast them into a sentence which would seem to express the driver’s point of view?

17. A SHORT CHARADE

My first of rudeness has a sound;
The rest is in a city found;
My whole to win its way is bound.

No. XXVIII.--A FEAT WITHOUT ARMS

In this picture a clever artist who has no arms is seen calmly painting with his feet.

One onlooker says to another, “Why, now I see this fine artist has no hand!” The other replies in a sentence which contains exactly the same letters:

“He draws in any fashion .... ... ... ... .”

Can you fill in the four missing words?

No. XXIX.--NOT TAKING ANY

“This is a wine bottle, dear, on a lure,” said a crafty fisher of men to his better half, who was helping him, as he showed her this illustration of their aims.

She knew, however, that the fish he sought to catch was not to be tempted in this way, and she replied in words spelt with exactly the same letters, “And see, he will not .... .. ... ....!”

Can you fill in the four missing words?

No. XXX.--MUSIC HATH CHARMS

This sturdy musical enthusiast, as he settled himself upon his chair, said, “What shall I play?” and some one replied, “Any strains of Beethoven, he charms all!”

This suggestion, however, was not acceptable, and he, as he struck up a piece after his own heart, exclaimed, in a sentence composed of exactly the same letters--

“Nay, for this ’cello ...... .... . ......!”

Can you supply the missing words?

No. XXXI

This picture represents a parsnip lying across a sturdy swede.

Can you so readjust them that they seem to suggest a successful dramatist of the day? We give this broad hint by anagram--

“Here is our parsnip on swede.”

ANAGRAM

_Wise and superior person he!_

No. XXXII.--A GOOD LETTER PUZZLE

Can you fill the places of these 21 asterisks with only three different letters, arranging them so that they spell a common English word in twelve different directions?

● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●

18. A BURIED POTENTATE

My first is in cake, but not in bun;
My second in light, but not in sun;
My third is in night, but not in day;
My fourth is in game, but not in play;
My fifth is in head, but not in tail,
My sixth is in wind, but not in sail;
My seventh in wrong, but not in right,
My eighth is in battle, but not in fight;
My ninth is in sword, but not in knife,
My tenth is in lady, but not in wife;
My whole is a monarch at war with strife.

No. XXXIII.--ANAGRAM ARITHMETIC

First form a short sentence with the ten letters that are above the line in this diagram:--

S B
R E
Y D
O T
U O
-------
O E E
=======

Next number the letters of the sentence consecutively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, and then work out a sum in addition with these numbers substituted for the letters with which they correspond.

No. XXXIV.--A BUNCH OF FLOWERS

Find within these borders twelve specimens of flowers and foliage:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ 1 │ 2 │ 3 │ 4 │ 5 │ 6 │ 7 ║
║ L│ L│ B│ H│ P│ E│ F║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ 8 │ 9 │10 │11 │12 │13 │14 ║
║ L│ Y│ E│ L│ O│ R│ N║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║15 │16 │17 │18 │19 │20 │21 ║
║ I│ V│ B│ R│ I│ V│ K║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║22 │23 │24 │25 │26 │27 │28 ║
║ A│ L│ E│ T│ O│ N│ I║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║29 │30 │31 │32 │33 │34 │35 ║
║ C│ N│ A│ S│ U│ L│ P║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

Move in any direction one square at a time, and so spell out their names, using the same square only once in each case.

19. A CHARADE

My first except when it is old
Is never seen or heard;
When it is heard the sound is tolled
Out of a Jewish beard.
My next was in Imperial Rome,
It was her power and might;
Then you had but to write _you wish_,
And straightway ’twas in sight.

My whole was Frank
Of royal rank.

No. XXXV.--ON A BLACKBOARD

To test the powers of his young pupils, Dr Puzzlewitz set the following little problem on his blackboard:--

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ ┃
┃ A - B = 4 ┃
┃ ┃
┃ A ÷ B = 4 ┃
┃ ┃
┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛

What are the values of A and of B, when 4 is the result of dividing A by B, or of subtracting B from A?

20. RECAST

How great in olden days my power!
Oft have I saved a castle tower
From war’s invading tide.
Transpose me, and how great my fall!
I am then the smallest of the small,
That nothing can divide.

21. WORD-BUILDING

This compact Enigma take,
All apart its letters shake.
Let your 6, 3, 5 be high,
Like 5, 1, 2 do or die.
Who 4, 6, 5, 1 enjoys
More than 5, 6, 2 by boys?
While 5, 3, 2, 1 are mine,
May 4, 6, 3, 2 be thine.
4, 1, 5 is rich and rare,
6, 5, 1, 2 ends my prayer.

The figures indicate the position of the letters, which spell new words, in the original six-letter word.

No. XXXVI.--SQUARING A DIAMOND

Can you fill in the empty cells with letters, so that they form English words which read alike from top to bottom and from left to right?

┌───┐
│ s │
┌───┼───┼───┐
│ │ │ │
┌───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ │ │ │ │ │
┌───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ s │ │ │ u │ │ │ s │
└───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┘
│ │ │ │ │ │
└───┼───┼───┼───┼───┘
│ │ │ │
└───┼───┼───┘
│ s │
└───┘

22. AN ENIGMA

“Charles the First walked and talked,
Half an hour after his head was cut off.”
_Old Couplet_.

Cut off my head, I’m every inch a King,
A warrior formed to deal a heavy blow.
Halve what remains, my second is a thing
Which nothing but my third can e’er make go.
My third will vary as you take your line.
This less than human, that way all divine!

No. XXXVII.

Taking the letters as arranged on this diagram for a starting point, can you place in some of the unoccupied cells five more of A, five of E, five of I, and five of O, making eight in all of each letter, so that in no case shall the same vowel be in the same row, column, or diagonal?

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ | | | | | | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | | | | | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | A | I | E | O | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | O | | | A | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | I | | | E | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | E | O | A | I | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | | | | | | ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ | | | | | | | ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

Each vowel is to be regarded without any reference to the other vowels, and, of course, only one may be placed in a cell.

No. XXXVIII.--AN ANAGRAM SQUARE

Mix together the letters which form the eight words on this draught board--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║###│ V │###│ O │###│ T │###│ E ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ W │###│ O │###│ V │###│ E │###║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║###│ P │###│ R │###│ O │###│ W ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ C │###│ A │###│ L │###│ L │###║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║###│ S │###│ T │###│ E │###│ W ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ N │###│ E │###│ W │###│ S │###║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║###│ C │###│ O │###│ R │###│ E ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ N │###│ A │###│ P │###│ E │###║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

and recast them so that they form eight fresh words, which when placed in proper order on the white squares, are a word square in which each word reads alike from left to right, or from top to bottom. The first of the fresh words is CROW.

No. XXXIX.--ARITHMETIC BY ANAGRAM

Form a short sentence with the letters above the line in this diagram:--

D U
E H
E D
A P
S T
─────
D E A
═════

Number the letters consecutively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, and then work a sum in addition, substituting these numbers for the letter with which they correspond.

23. A LOGOGRAPH

Touch me not, I’m firm and sure;
Behead, I’m used by rich and poor;
In house and cottage, hut and hall,
I stand of service to them all.
Behead again, in time of need
I tell that strength and skill succeed.

No. XL.--ANAGRAMS SQUARED

Shake up the sixteen letters of these four words, and recast them into four other words:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║###│ S │###│ E │###│ E │###│ K ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ S │###│ L │###│ A │###│ B │###║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║###│ L │###│ E │###│ E │###│ K ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ M │###│ O │###│ A │###│ N │###║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

These fresh words, placed on the white squares, must read alike from side to side, and zigzag from top to bottom. The first word is MASK.

24. A SINGLE ACROSTIC

What river is that, where it is found,
Which Pope says does with eels abound?
What Scottish lake, by high hills bounded,
Is with bright birch and oak surrounded?
What stream is said in Devon to run
Into the sea near Otterton?
What bay on Cuba’s distant coast
Is justly deemed its pride and boast?
The initials of these names will show
A Scotch reformer, who, we know,
Flourished three hundred years ago.

No. XLI.--A WORD SQUARE BY ANAGRAM

Take the letters which form the words in these sixteen cells--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ A │ F │ A │ R ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ T │ A │ S │ K ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ S │ E │ A │ T ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ L │ E │ A │ L ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

and recast them so that they form a perfect word square.

25. A CHARADE

My whole may be a mother, not a dad,
So former may, or latter;
But twist my tail, and I become as mad
As any hatter!

Behead me, and behold I am a man,
Who never was called mister;
Cut off my tail, and instantly I can
Become a sister!

No. XLII.--QUITE A NOVELTY

There are five English words in this square:--

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ c │ h │ e │ s │ s ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ g │ r │ e │ e │ d ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ c │ a │ n │ e │ s ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ r │ e │ a │ r │ s ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ c │ h │ e │ e │ r ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

Can you shake up their letters, and recast them into five other words which form a perfect word square, and read alike from top to bottom and from left to right? The first fresh word is CRESS.

No. XLIII.--HIDDEN PROVERBS

Five familiar proverbs are hidden in this square of 169 letters,

R E N O W N E D T H A N W
S Y O U R C A K E A N D A
S T E T O B E F E A R H R
E A R K S S P O I L E A F
L E O O H E R S N T D V O
O T M O T L I N O H T E U
N O S C A L A G M E H I R
S N I Y G O R S O B A T S
E N G N E N O T S R N P A
I A O A M O O T S O A E W
R C D E V I L A H T D A S
O U O Y N O I L D A E C A
T C I V R E H H T A H E Z

The proverbs are arranged in a regular sequence.

26. RINGING SWEET CHANGES

We are familiar with the anagram that so charmingly points to the ministrations on the battle-field of Florence Nightingale--_Flit on, cheering angel_--but it is not so well known that her name can also be recast with an appropriate wish for her continuance in our loving memory. Can you frame this?

No. XLIV.--A CLEVER CRYPTOGRAM

A French sentence of 100 letters in twenty-two words is concealed in these 100 cells.

╔═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╤═══╗
║ D │ L │ A │ N │ N │ E │ S │ M │ P │ A ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ L │ I │ R │ D │ L │ E │ E │ M │ L │ H ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ I │ L │ U │ E │ E │ A │ I │ N │ T │ J ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ C │ U │ R │ S │ E │ M │ N │ T │ U │ P ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ E │ U │ É │ S │ N │ P │ R │ E │ O │ S ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ O │ L │ I │ É │ D │ X │ S │ M │ A │ N ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ U │ D │ E │ A │ E │ É │ I │ X │ N │ T ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ T │ E │ T │ P │ E │ D │ N │ U │ Q │ E ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ B │ U │ U │ U │ F │ L │ I │ J │ I │ N ║
╟───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───╢
║ Z │ U │ E │ J │ I │ O │ E │ U │ N │ R ║
╚═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╧═══╝

It can be deciphered by means of a cardboard mask of similar size, with circular holes cut out in some of its cells. This is placed squarely over the diagram, turned round in four successive positions. And thus the sequence of letters is found, and falls into words.

No. XLV.--SAM LOYD’S PONY PUZZLE

The instant popularity of this clever puzzle was amazing, and its sale is said to have run into millions years ago in America.

Cut the pony into six pieces, as is indicated in the picture, and rearrange these so that they show a trotting horse.

27. A REBUS

I am
a man
I rate you
a beast
You know me.

Can you put this into shape?

No. XLVI.--A CLEVER PUZZLE

Here is another of Sam Loyd’s famous trick pictures:--

Can you rearrange the parts to show jockeys and horses in racing trim?

28. A CHARADE

(_With Latin parts._)

My first, thou knowest, was in ancient Rome,
Rome’s fate my next, and one that all may dread.
Long may it be before that fate shall come,
And sever with my whole thy life’s last thread!

No. XLVII.--A NICE BALANCE

This boy is sure that if he takes his time, and watches his opportunity, he will be able to reach and secure with his mouth the sugar on the chair. Will he?

29. BURIED POETS

The names of eight famous British poets are buried in these lines--that is to say, the letters that spell the names form in their proper order parts of different words:--

The sun is darting rays of gold
Upon the moor, enchanting spot,
Whose purpled heights, by Ronald loved,
Up open to his shepherd cot.

And sundry denizens of air
Are flying--aye, each to his nest;
And eager make at such an hour
All haste to reach the mansions blest.

Can you dig them up?

No. XLVIII.--LEAF-FROG

Here are six little hoptoads, as our cousins across the water call them, three white and three black, going in opposite directions. A frog may jump, one, two, or three steps, but no two may be together at any time.

In how few jumps can the black frogs be seated to the left of their white brothers? It is obvious that one of the white frogs must jump first to the stool marked 1.

30. AN ENIGMA

This multiplies me, I declare,
Though it reduces one;
A sty is foul if it is there,
By it a deed is done.

31. MISSING WORDS

Lennie ...... the words he read,
Studying ...... fable;
Lennie’s mother ...... the bread,
Sophy ...... the table.
“Work while you are ......,” they said
“...... while you are able!”

No. XLIX.--DIGITS IN THE FIDGETS

A very curious old print, of which this might well be the title, was picked up on a bookstall. This picture shows clever designs for two of the digits:

1

_Se Pierot or Lun,
A Figure of One._

2

_Again he’s to view,
A Figure of Two._]

32. A CHARADE

When I write with my first in my second,
My whole is quite sure to be in.
Divided afresh, there is reckoned
A wit, or a something that’s thin.
Prefix a letter, and, as dear as paint,
You see the name of an old English Saint.

No. L.--DIGITS IN THE FIDGETS

Here is the second pair of this queer company:--

3

_Now ’tis plain you may see,
He’s a Figure of Three._

4

_Behold him once more,
A Figure of Four._]

33. ONE GOOD TURN DESERVES ANOTHER

My first, though half a noisy bird,
To a slight noise may turn;
My second twist, a stately word,
And it will bend we learn.

34. AN ENIGMA

To half of ten add one,
Then half a score.
When this is duly done
Almost ten more.
This can be good for none,
But trial sore.

No. LI.--DIGITS IN THE FIDGETS

Here is the third pair of these quaint characters:--

5

_Now here we contrive
To make him a Five_

6

_He’s a Six here complete,
With his hands to his feet_.]

35. A BURIED PROVERB

A proverb of eight words is buried here:--

I fancy this Tory outcry, this weary outrageous attempt to show illegality, is as a cat chasing snow-flakes. I must be forgiven if I shun his example.

36. MISSING WORDS

Quick ....... in action, now timid, now bold,
Like ....... of ropes far too rotten to hold,
....... a ....... ....... and disasters
For a State that ....... not incapable masters.

The six missing words are spelt with the same seven letters.

No. LII.--DIGITS IN THE FIDGETS

Here is another pair of these quaint figures:--

7

_With some alteration,
A Seven’s his station._

8

_Here not being strait,
He forms a good eight._]

37. A CHARADE

My first as an heir,
My second a snare,
My whole is the offspring of fancy,
Which I sent on its way
Last Valentine’s Day,
As a token of love to my Nancy.

38. A LOVER’S VOW

My love shall never know my first,
Shall never be my second;
It shall my all, come best, come worst,
Be surely reckoned.

No. LIII.--DIGITS IN THE FIDGETS

Here is the final pair:--

9

_While drinking his Wine,
He appears like a nine._

0

_Nine Forms having past
He’s a Cypher at last._]

39. AN ENIGMA

I am a letter, and a word,
I am a tree, I am a name,
Cut me in pieces with a sword,
You and your act would be the same.
Thrice you must leave the aspirate in doubt,
And use it twice if you would find me out.

40. ANSWER BY ANAGRAM

If you “resist disasters,” how may this affect one of your home circle?

No. LIV.--A FREAK OF FIGURES

1 × 8 + 1 = 9
12 × 8 + 2 = 98
123 × 8 + 3 = 987
1234 × 8 + 4 = 9876
12345 × 8 + 5 = 98765
123456 × 8 + 6 = 987654
1234567 × 8 + 7 = 9876543
12345678 × 8 + 8 = 98765432
123456789 × 8 + 9 = 987654321

41. A CHARADE

My first the rainbow shows
When in rich hues it glows.
My next has vowels three;
My third was once a tree.
My fourth begins the year,
My whole the past makes clear.

42. ASK A SCHOOLBOY

If you tell a schoolboy that the longest side of a triangular field measures 100 rods, and that each of the other sides measures 50 rods, and ask him to estimate the value of its grass at £1 per acre, how should he answer?

43. A WHOLE LESS THAN ITS PART

Less than my last, my whole has place
Between my first and second:
Second has body, arms and face;
First is by inches reckoned.

No. LV.--SPINNING WHEELS

What is the smallest number of straight lines which can be drawn within this square so as to enclose each of the wheels within separate boundaries?

While solving this, rotate the paper in your hand, and see the wheels spin.

44. A HISTORICAL CHARADE

My first at early morn the camp alarms,
And at its sound the soldier springs to arms;
My second nowadays fair ladies scorn,
Though in less dainty days it oft was worn.
My whole, a battle fought on Scottish ground,
With victory the rebel forces crowned.

No. LVI.--FOUR QUARTERS AMONG FIVE

A market gardener who has a large square plot of ground wishes to reserve a fourth of it in the shape of a triangle for himself, as is shown in the diagram--

and to divide the remainder among his four sons, so that each shares equally, with plots of similar shape. How did he mark it out for them?

This appears in a less perfect form in “The Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book.”

No. LVII.--USE YOUR PENCIL

Here is a simple little puzzle which may amuse anyone who has paper and pencil at hand:--

Can you combine three figures similar to Fig. A with two similar to Fig. B, so that a perfect Latin cross is formed?

It is, of course, an easier matter to cut out five such pieces in paper or cardboard, and arrange them in the form required.

45. MISSING WORDS

I love strolling ....... that wander around,
Each ....... a ....... in versatile skill;
Each ....... so quaint, each idea so profound,
My barn’s at their service, whenever they will.
A company played there last night, but to-day
Ducks ......., and poultry have vanished away!

The missing words are spelt with the same seven letters.

No. LVIII.--SUBTLE SELFISHNESS

Four poor men were living in the cottages shown in this diagram, round a central lake well stocked with fish. Four rich men built their houses further afield, and selfishly determined to exclude their neighbours from access to the water.

How could they do this effectually without cutting themselves off from the lake?

46. AN ARITHMOREM

150 hat robe or tent

Can you form from this the name of a famous British author, treating the 150 as Roman numerals?

No. LIX.--FOR THE CHILDREN

Cut out in cardboard four pieces of the shape and size of each of the large patterns, and two pieces of the small one:--

Now arrange these ten pieces so that they form a perfect square.

47. SHEDDING LETTERS

I’m a worker most active, most useful, most known,
Of all that are busy in country and town.
Take from me one letter, and yet my good name
In spite of this loss will continue the same.
Take from me two letters, and still you will see
That precisely the same in effect I shall be.
Take from me three letters, or even take more,
Yet still I continue as sound as before.

No. LX.

The dotted lines in this diagram show how the figure can be divided into nine parts by four straight cuts

which can be reunited to form a perfect cross.

48. A SHARP BOY

Tom Larkins, proud of his prize for arithmetic, challenged his sisters to show on a blackboard that if 50 is subtracted from the sum of the nine digits, the result is equal to the number obtained by dividing their sum by 3. How did he prove his point?

No. LXI.--AN EASY ONE

Take in paper or cardboard a figure made up of a square and half of a similar square, thus:--

How can you, in the simplest way, divide it into four equal and similar parts by four straight cuts?

49. GEESE TO MARKET

B drove a goodly flock of geese,
And met with Farmer A;
Said Farmer A, “How much apiece
For this lot did you pay?”
Said B, “I paid for all I drive
Just six pounds and a crown,
And I am selling all but five
At the next market town.
If fifteen pence a head I charge
Beyond the price I paid.
I shall secure a sum as large
As he who sold all made.”

No. LXII

Can you draw twenty-two straight lines within this circle so that they divide it into four similar parts, each having three of the dots within its borders?

Each line must be at right angles to another.

50. A QUAINT CHARADE

When second held first
For best or for worst,
I thought myself happy to win her.
But what could I say
When the very next day
She gave me the whole for my dinner?

No. LXIII

No. LXIV.--ARITHMETICAL TRIANGLE

The peculiar series of numbers, as arranged in this triangular form, is said to have been perfected by Pascal.

┌───┐
│ 1│
├───┼───┐
│ 2│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┐
│ 3│ 3│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ 4│ 6│ 4│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ 5│ 10│ 10│ 5│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ 6│ 15│ 20│ 15│ 6│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ 7│ 21│ 35│ 35│ 21│ 7│ 1│
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┐
│ 8│ 28│ 56│ 70│ 56│ 28│ 8│ 1│
└───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┘

It has the property of showing, without calculation, how many selections or combinations can be made at a time out of a larger number. Thus to find how many selections of 3 at a time can be made out of 8 we look for the third number on the horizontal row that commences with 8, and find the answer 56.

The series is formed thus: Set down the numbers 1, 2, 3, etc., as far as you please, in a vertical row. To the right of 2 place 1, add them together, and set 3 under the 1. Then add 3 to 3, and set the result below, and so on, always placing the sum of two numbers that are side by side below the one on the right.

No. LXV.--MULTIPLICATION NO VEXATION

This diagram shows an ancient and curious method of multiplication, which will be novel to most of our readers.

^
╱│╲
2╱ │ ╲5
╱ │ ╲
╱ 1 │ 0 ╲
╱│╲ │ ╱│╲
4╱ │ ╲ │ ╱ │ ╲3
╱ │ ╲│╱ │ ╲
╱ 2 │ 0 ╳ 0 │ 6 ╲
╱│╲ │ ╱│╲ │ ╱│╲
3╱ │ ╲ │ ╱ │ ╲ │ ╱ │ ╲4
╱ │ ╲│╱ │ ╲│╱ │ ╲
│ 1 │ 5 ╳ 1 │ 2 ╳ 0 │ 8 │
╲ │ ╱│╲ │ ╱│╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱ │ ╲ │ ╱ │ ╲ │ ╱
╲│╱ │ ╲│╱ │ ╲│╱
╲ 0 │ 9 ╳ 1 │ 6 ╱
╲ │ ╱│╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱ │ ╲ │ ╱
╲│╱ │ ╲│╱
╲ 1 │ 2 ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
v
─────────────────────────
1 8 2 6 2 8
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