Chapter III

[55] The Emergency Powers (Defense) Act, 1939, 2 & 3 Geo. 6, Ch. 62, Sec. 1.

[56] 61 Stat. 136, June 23, 1947, Sec. 206, 29 U.S.C. 176.

EMERGENCIES VARY IN INTENSITY

[57] Proclamation No. 2076, 48 Stat. 1734, February 16, 1934.

[58] 63 Stat. 208, June 20, 1949, Sec. 10 (b).

[59] Proclamation No. 2352, 54 Stat. 2643, September 8, 1939.

[60] 48 Stat. 354, February 23, 1934, Sec. 2 (b).

[61] Bank Conservation Act, 48 Stat. 1, March 9, 1933, Preamble.

[62] Proclamation No. 2153, 49 Stat. 3489, January 10, 1936.

[63] Veterans’ Emergency Housing Act, 60 Stat. 207, May 22, 1946, Sec. 1 (a).

[64] Agricultural Adjustment Act, 48 Stat. 31, May 12, 1933, Sec. 1.

[65] Proclamation No. 2487, 55 Stat. 1647, May 27, 1941.

VARIETIES OF EMERGENCY

_Economic Emergencies_

[66] Proclamation No. 2039, 48 Stat. 1689, March 6, 1933.

[67] 48 Stat. 1, March 9, 1933. This was the first act of the new Congress, Public Law No. 1.

[68] 48 Stat. 20, March 24, 1933.

[69] 48 Stat. 55, May 12, 1933, Sec. 1.

[70] 48 Stat. 798, May 24, 1934, Sec. 78.

[71] 48 Stat. 31, May 12, 1933, Sec. 1, the first Agricultural Adjustment Act.

[72] 48 Stat. 337, January 30, 1934, Sec. 10 (c).

[73] Proclamation No. 2153, 49 Stat. 3489, January 10, 1936.

[74] 55 Stat. 395, June 30, 1941, Sec. 1.

[75] 67 Stat. 149, July 14, 1953, Sec. 1A.

[76] 48 Stat. 195, June 16, 1933, Sec. 1.

[77] 48 Stat. 881, June 6, 1934, Sec. 2 (4).

[78] 48 Stat. 943, June 12, 1934, Sec. 1.

[79] 56 Stat. 23, January 30, 1942, Sec. 1 (a).

[80] Proclamation No. 2487, 55 Stat. 2643, May 27, 1941.

[81] 60 Stat. 664, July 25, 1946, Sec. 1A (a).

[82] 56 Stat. 226, April 28, 1942, Sec. 403.

[83] 48 Stat. 211, June 16, 1933, Sec. 2.

[84] 48 Stat. 1185, June 21, 1934, Secs. 3-5.

[85] 57 Stat. 163, June 25, 1943, Sec. 3, 5-8.

[86] 61 Stat. 136, June 23, 1947, Sec. 206.

[87] 60 Stat 207, 1946, Sec. 1 (a).

[88] Proclamation No. 2708, 61 Stat. 1944, October 25, 1946; terminated by Proclamation No. 2735, 61 Stat. 1073, June 28, 1947.

[89] 63 Stat. 18, March 30, 1949.

[90] 48 Stat. 1478, June 16, 1934.

[91] 48 Stat. 1275, June 28, 1934, Sec. 2.

[92] 50 Stat. 903, September 1, 1937, Sec. 509.

[93] Proclamation No. 2361, 54 Stat. 2654, September 11, 1939; Proclamation No. 2551, 56 Stat. 1952, April 13, 1942; Proclamation No. 2757, 61 Stat. 1098, November 28, 1947.

[94] Proclamation No. 2545, 56 Stat. 1945, April 1, 1942.

[95] 46 Stat. 590, June 17, 1930, Sec. 318.

[96] Proclamation No. 2553, 56 Stat. 1954, April 27, 1942.

_Emergencies Occasioned by Natural Catastrophes_

[97] 48 Stat. 354, February 23, 1934, Sec. 1.

[98] 48 Stat. 1021, 1056, June 19, 1934.

[99] Proclamation No. 2092, 49 Stat. 3404, August 10, 1934.

[100] _Id._

[101] 48 Stat. 1064, June 19, 1934, Sec. 606 (c).

[102] 65 Stat. 611, October 24, 1951.

[103] 48 Stat. 20, March 23, 1933, earthquake; 48 Stat. 993, June 18, 1934, Sec. 3, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, landslides; Disaster Loan Corporation Act, 50 Stat. 19, February 11, 1937, “floods or other catastrophes in the year 1937”; amendment to National Housing Act, 50 Stat. 70, April 22, 1937, “earthquake, conflagration, tornado, cyclone, hurricane, flood, or other catastrophe”; Emergency Flood Control Act, 59 Stat. 231, June 5, 1945, “floods, or windstorms, or fire caused by lightning”; 61 Stat. 163, June 23, 1947, floods; Interior Department Appropriation Act, 1948, 61 Stat. 460, July 25, 1947, Sec. 3, “emergency caused by fire, flood, storm, act of God, or sabotage”; Flood Rehabilitation Act, 1952, 65 Stat. 615, October 24, 1951, “excessive rains, runoff, and flood-waters”; Reconstruction Finance Corporation Liquidation Act, 67 Stat. 230, July 30, 1953, Sec. 202, “floods and other catastrophes”; Presidential Proclamations No. 2222, and 2223, January 23, and February 1, 1937, 50 Stat. 1810, 1811, January 23, 1937 and February 1, 1937, “disastrous floods”, “flood conditions.”

[104] 50 Stat. 57, April 6, 1937.

[105] 50 Stat. 120, April 27, 1937.

[106] 65 Stat. 69, June 15, 1951.

[107] Famine Relief Act, 67 Stat. 476, August 7, 1953, Sec. 1.

_National Security Emergencies_

[108] Proclamation No. 2352, September 8, 1959, 54 Stat. 2643.

[109] Proclamation No. 2487, 55 Stat. 1647, May 27, 1941.

[110] _Id._

[111] 54 Stat. 885, September 16, 1940, Sec. 3 (a).

[112] 65 Stat. 75, June 19, 1951, Sec. 3.

[113] 61 Stat. 460, 491-492, July 25, 1947, Sec. 5.

[114] 54 Stat. 1220, November 30, 1940.

[115] 64 Stat. 1257, January 12, 1951, Sec. 1.

[116] Proclamation No. 2519, 55 Stat. 1693, October 22, 1941.

[117] 64 Stat. 1245, January 12, 1951, Sec. 3 (a).

[118] _Id._, Sec. 301.

[119] 66 Stat. 315, July 1, 1952, Sec. 2 (a). Section 201 (g) of the Civil Defense Act, _op. cit._, had encouraged such compacts and provided for their automatic approval in the absence of exercise of the congressional veto. Here, however, Congress resorted to the traditional machinery, enacting a statute granting its consent.

[120] 46 Stat. 696, June 17, 1930, Sec. 318.

[121] 48 Stat. 1064, June 19, 1934, Sec. 606 (c); 65 Stat. 611, October 24, 1951, Sec. 1.

[122] 54 Stat. 213, May 14, 1940.

[123] 59 Stat. 166, May 9, 1945.

[124] Proclamation No. 2561, 56 Stat. 1964, July 2, 1942; not dissimilar to the December 8, 1941 Proclamations No. 2526 and 2527 declaring the existence of a threatened “invasion or predatory incursion ... by Germany” and by Italy. 55 Stat. 1705, 1707.

[125] Title II of the Internal Security Act of 1950, 64 Stat. 987, 1021, September 22, 1950, Sec. 102.

PERCEIVING THE EXISTENCE OF AN EMERGENCY

[126] 61 Stat. 34, March 31, 1947, Sec. 2.