Chapter I: Front Matter

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PRACTICAL GRAINING

With Description of Colors Employed and Tools Used

Illustrated by Forty-Seven Colored Plates

Representing the Various Woods Used in Interior Finishing

by

WILLIAM E. WALL

Grainer to the Trade.

Philadelphia: House Painting and Decorating Publishing Co. Eighteen-Ninety-One.

Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1890 by The House Painting and Decorating Publishing Co. in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C. All Rights Reserved.

CONTENTS.

PAGE.

CHAPTER I.

Groundworks for graining; graining compared with plain painted work; removing old paint; mixing ground colors 5

CHAPTER II.

The graining color; imitating simple woods; graining color for light oak; mixing graining color; applying the color; representing champs or lights of oak 9

CHAPTER III.

Quartered oak; overgraining; heart of oak; use of the check roller 13

CHAPTER IV.

Graining oak in distemper; the light veins in oak; graining ash; putting in heart work; over-graining ash; ash in distemper; matching white ash 16

CHAPTER V.

Hungarian ash; burl ash in water color and in oil 19

CHAPTER VI.

Chestnut; colors for graining chestnut; wiping the hearts and blending; chestnut in water color; bird's-eye maple; putting in lights and shades; putting in the eyes; curly or rock maple; silver maple 21

CHAPTER VII.

Satinwood; groundwork for satinwood; putting in the mottling 26

CHAPTER VIII.

Pollard oak; cherry; cherry in distemper; glue size for distemper binder 27

CHAPTER IX.

Black walnut in oil; black walnut in distemper 31

CHAPTER X.

French walnut burl in distemper 32

CHAPTER XI.

Mahogany; Honduras feathered mahogany; stippling in mahogany; feathered mahogany 35

CHAPTER XII.

Rosewood; the use of the bamboo brush; imitating rosewood in water color; cypress wood 37

CHAPTER XIII.

Hard pine; white wood 40

CHAPTER XIV.

Varnishing over grained work; cracking of varnish on inside work 42

CHAPTER XV.

Graining considered as a fine art; graining sometimes condemned; the artistic merit of graining 46

CHAPTER XVI.

The tools used by grainers; combs; overgrainers; badger blenders; castellated overgrainers; mottlers; cutters; stipplers; check roller; fresco bristle liners 48

CHAPTER XVII.

Patent graining machines; patent roller process; the Mason pad; objections to machine graining; stencil plates; gransorbian transfer process; transfer paper 54