Chapter V: Dutch Sam (samuel Elias).—1801‒1814

One of the most remarkable boxers of his time was the Israelitish phenomenon whose name heads this fifth chapter. In height about five feet six inches and a half; in weight nine stone four pounds, never more than nine stone eight pounds, Samuel Elias conquered some of the best eleven and twelve stone men of his time. When stripped Sam looked, in bust and ribs, more like a twelve stone than a nine stone man, showing he had his muscular power and weight in the right place. His shoulders were remarkably square, his arms round, long, muscular and hard; his hands seemed positively of iron, never puffing or knocking up from the punishing hits inflicted on his antagonist; while the quickness of his eagle eye, and the fierceness of his rally were unexampled among his fellow pugilists. A contemporary writer says: “As a hard hitter we except no pugilist whatever; Gully never struck with more force, nor Cribb more heavily than Sam, whose blows were truly dreadful to encounter.” It was the publicly expressed opinion of one of the most experienced and scientific pugilists of the day, that Sam would be a complete match for the mighty Cribb himself, if they could agree to give alternately merely blow for blow. Bill Cropley,[101] who was a burly and game boxer, declared he would rather stand half-an-hour’s milling from Tom Belcher (see TOM BELCHER and CROPLEY, _ante_.), than five minutes of Sam’s punishment.

Samuel Elias was born on the 4th of April, 1775, in Petticoat Lane, Whitechapel. As we intend this work, so far as research will make it, to be reliable history, we shall omit the vamped up skirmishes of Pierce Egan, which he says “would fill a volume,” and come to the first authentic record of Sam’s fistic prowess.[102]

SAMUEL ELIAS (“DUTCH SAM”), 1801‒1814.
]

If, as we conjecture, Sam had fought the battle mentioned below, the claim, urged by Pierce Egan, for Harry Lee of “first introducing Sam to the circle of boxers,” is mere bosh. We read in “Boxiana” (vol. i. 301):

“Harry Lee, on his return home from Enfield, on the day that Belcher and Bourke (Joe Berks) were to have fought (October 12, 1801), witnessed Sam fighting with a man by the roadside, very much his superior as to size and weight, and from the excellence which he displayed in that contest, Lee distinguished those peculiar traits in the youthful tyro which have since proved his judgment correct, and matured by time and practice, placed Sam as a first-rate boxer, and stamped him a complete pugilistic hero.”

In “Fistiana” (we know not on what authority), this battle is elevated to the dignity of a regular affair, and indexed as “beat Baker, five guineas, Enfield, October 12, 1801.” Possibly Mr. Dowling, who had access to every source of information, and was quite another sort of scribe from “the Historian,” found warrant for the stake and for his chronology.

With the exception of one Shipley, who is represented as the “champion of the Broadway” (Whitechapel), whom he met for a trifling sum in 1803, we do not hear of Sam in the doings of the ring. Shipley is stated to have been fourteen stone, “a scientific fighter, and to have beaten every one hitherto opposed to him.” He laughed at the presumption of Sam in offering to box with him—and treated the Jew in the most contemptuous manner, by making Sam a present of five shillings to stand before him for only ten minutes. The Jew pocketed the cash with the utmost _sang froid_, and after a contest of fifteen minutes, Shipley experienced such severe punishment that he was compelled to acknowledge the vast superiority of the arm of this iron-like pugilist. Warren, an East End boxer of some note, was also beaten, with ease, by Dutch Sam.

Despite “Harry Lee’s patronage,” obtained in 1801, the Hebrew phenomenon’s entrance upon the regular stage seems to have been delayed till Tuesday, the 7th of August, 1804, when he met the renowned “Pride of Westminster,” Caleb Baldwin,[103] at Wood Green, near Hornsey, for a stake of twenty-five guineas a-side. “On the Monday night it had been resolved that Fairlop, in Essex, should be the battle-field, but late at night the amateurs were informed that the ‘beaks’ of the county were up and active to stop the fight. Accordingly a council was held, Wood Green, near Muswell Hill, agreed upon, and towards there equestrians and pedestrians made the best of their way. On their arrival a ring was quickly formed; but owing to the delay occasioned by their being obliged to change the scene of action, it was past one o’clock before the combatants entered. Caleb first made his appearance, accompanied by George Maddox and Bill Gibbons; Dutch Sam following with Wood the coachman, the unsuccessful opponent of Bittoon, for his second, and Puss as his bottle-holder; they immediately stripped and set-to. Odds two to one in favour of Caleb.”

THE FIGHT.

Round 1.—A little sparring. Sam put in the first
blow with his left hand, but without effect;
Caleb returned with his right, and following it
up, put in a desperate left-handed hit over
Sam’s forehead, and brought him down. (Odds rose
three to one in favour of Caleb.)

2.—Sam shifted, but Caleb stuck to him manfully,
put in two well-aimed blows right and left, and
brought his opponent down the second time.

3.—In this round Sam displayed more resolution,
both put in some good hits, and Caleb’s eye
being cut much, bled very freely. Sam
undoubtedly had the best of the round. (Odds
fell two to one on Caleb.)

8.—From the last related round to this was one
continued succession of severe hitting on both
sides. Every amateur allowed that better
fighting never was displayed. Both were cut and
bled profusely, but no one could attribute to
either any advantage. (Betting now became even.)

9.—Caleb put in a successful blow in Sam’s
temple, which completely knocked him down. Sam
putting his hand to his face was considered
ominous of great severity, and odds rose again
on Caleb.

13.—Caleb supported the superiority he had
gained in the last round until this time.
Caleb thought Sam appeared weak, and followed
him up; Sam, however, put in several severe
blows. At the end of this round Caleb showed
great irritability, but Sam appeared perfectly
collected.

20.—Caleb, through his exertions, began to
show symptoms of exhaustion, and to avoid his
antagonist’s blows, frequently endeavoured to
close, and while struggling for the fall, Sam
by a peculiar mode struck his blows upwards,
which told dreadfully in Caleb’s face.[104]

23.—For the last three rounds Caleb evinced
great distress. After making a blow or two,
he was so excessively weak, as scarcely to be
able to keep his hands straight before him; he,
however, still put in his blows, but devoid of
any force. Sam, on the contrary, seemed to gain
fresh vigour from his opponent’s exhaustion, and
gave no quarter.

26.—Sam now began to display imbecility, and
both hit each other blow after blow without
making any impression, and so completely were
both combatants served out, that neither came
to their time. Sam, however appeared least
bruised, and the odds were slightly betted in
his favour. In this round Sam displayed all that
heroism and manly conduct which characterise
the courageous pugilist. Having put in a most
severe blow on his opponent’s head, over his
guard, which stunned him, he was prepared to
follow it by a right-handed hit, but desisted,
drawing back his hand on seeing his adversary
was already falling. Every one present applauded
the generosity of the action.

From this to the 37th round, which closed the
contest, Caleb fell off in strength; and in his
distress several times fell from losing his
balance or missing a blow. He became sick, and
finally the luckless champion of Westminster was
carried off almost insensible. Sam towards the
close fought upon the saving system, husbanding
his strength. The reporter adds, “in this
unequal state of things, it was undoubtedly very
wrong to bring Caleb to face his man, who, poor
fellow, came willingly up to the last, though he
could not hold up his hands, much less hit a
blow.” The ring was broken by Caleb’s friends,
on a claim of “foul,” “but the umpires would not
be imposed upon by so stale a trick, and
declared Sam to be the conqueror.”

Caleb, assigning illness as the cause of his defeat, proposed a second trial with Sam. Accordingly in September a match was made for twenty guineas a-side. Sam however assigned “business reasons” for declining, and forfeited the deposit down.

On Saturday, the 27th April, 1805, there were three battles decided at Shepperton, Surrey. The first between Pearce, the Game Chicken, and Carte, of Birmingham; the second between Tom Belcher and O’Donnell; the third between our hero, and Britton of Bristol. For this battle of thirty rounds, Sam was, according to the report, totally unprepared; indeed he was positively inebriated when it began. Britton was introduced as “a yokel” who was ready to fight for a purse. A spectator says, “For the first four rounds Britton held a lead, when Sam was given to understand that his adversary was a _plant_ upon him. Sam nodded his head, and forcing his man to fight, in a rapid rally dealt out such severe punishment that Britton went down almost done over. Sam’s conduct in this fight was most singular. After milling poor Britton down, he threw himself by his side, and patting him on the back, exclaimed “What, you are a _plant_ are you? S’elp me Cot, I’ll soon _plant_ you;” and once during the battle when Britton rushed wildly in, Sam, with the utmost contempt, threw up both his open hands, calling out to the spectators, “See the vay this _plant_ is trying to kiss me,” and then stepping back quickly, he hit Britton clean off his legs!”

Sam’s fame now spread far and wide; but it would be utterly inconsistent with the character we would wish to impress upon this work, were we to omit a circumstance which occurred about this time, in which the pre-eminence of Dutch Sam was successfully disputed.

In the month of June, 1805, Sam was in training at Thames-Ditton, and on his way to town, over Wimbledon Common, he met one James Brown, a butcher of Wandsworth. A quarrel, how originating we have no account, ensued; and after some altercation, Sam, expecting to strike terror into his opponent, informed him he was “Dutch Sam.” The man very calmly answered as they stood in attitude, “Be you the devil as well, I’ll bang you, now I am at it,” and nobly he kept his word, for he brought Sam down with such terrible arguments every round, that Sam at the close of a dozen bouts, acknowledged he would have “no more of it”; adding that he was beaten for the first time in his life.[105] Such a casual turn-up as this proves surely that Brown was a natural boxer, as well as a plucky, game, strong, and active fellow; Sam’s reasons for not going on, need hardly be dwelt on, as he was in training to fight Tom Belcher. He was, however, very much mortified, and deservedly so, when the affair got into the newspapers.

After two postponements, Sam’s match with the celebrated Tom Belcher, was brought to an issue. In our memoir of John Gully, the reader will find the accident narrated which led to one of the postponements. Sam, it was thought by many, considered Belcher too clever as well as too big for him, and wished to shirk the encounter; when unexpectedly, at the latter end of January, Belcher received a challenge from Sam to fight for 100 guineas, naming the 8th of the following month, if suitable. Tom instantly accepted the offer, and his friends covered Sam’s hundred golden pieces, with the most sanguine hopes of the result.

Virginia Water was settled as the rendezvous, and accordingly, on Saturday morning, the 8th of February, 1806, all the amateurs attended, held a short consultation, and decided Sendon Heath, near the village of Thorpe, as the field of battle.[106] The combatants immediately repaired there, a rope ring was formed, and Dutch Sam entered, attended by Dan Mendoza for his second, and Tom Blake, bottle-holder. Tom Belcher soon followed with John Gully and Dick Whale. Betting was lively, but no odds offered. At one o’clock the heroes set-to.

THE FIGHT.

Round 1.—Sam made a feint. Belcher put in a good
hit; Sam returned it, and Belcher, putting in
another blow, overreached himself and fell.

2.—Belcher put in two good hits right and left.
Sam struck in return, but slightly; they closed,
and both fell.

3.—Sam aimed a well-directed blow at his
opponent’s ribs; Belcher parried well, and with
his right put in a tolerably good hit; they
closed and fell. (Odds five to four on Belcher.)

4.—A good round. Sam was very gay, went in and
rallied; but Belcher parried most of his blows
with his left hand, while he advantageously
used his right. Many blows were exchanged, when
Sam, by dint of superior activity, threw his
antagonist. (Betting again even.)

5.—Belcher put in two slight blows, and in the
struggle fell.

6.—An obstinately contested round, but much in
favour of Tom. Sam went in and rallied; Belcher
shifted, and stopped his hits, which were truly
desperate, with great dexterity.

7.—Belcher rallied, and put in a most severe
blow on the temple. Sam, however, stood firmly,
and returned it on the eye; they closed, and
both fell.

8.—Belcher’s eye evidently showed the force with
which Sam’s blow had been struck. Some good
blows exchanged, and Belcher threw his opponent.
(Odds two to one in favour of Tom.)

9.—Belcher appeared fatigued. Sam ran in,
avoided rallying, and by jobbing at his
antagonist’s head and throat, knocked him down.

10.—Belcher made some ineffectual attempts at
his adversary’s head. Sam rallied, and Belcher
fell through weakness. (Odds now changed in
favour of Sam seven to four.)

11.—Sam put in some good hits, which were well
parried by Belcher. They closed and both fell,
Sam uppermost.

12.—Belcher exerted himself, and appeared not so
much distressed in his wind; all Belcher’s blows
were very feeble, and he again fell seemingly
exhausted. (Odds were now two to one on Sam.)

13.—Belcher recruited, and put in two good blows
on his opponent’s head, Sam now appeared rather
shy. Belcher went in and threw him.

14 and 15.—No blows either round. Sam still shy,
and evinced fatigue. Bets level again, Belcher
being known to be game.

16.—A good round. Sam, in a passion, went in and
followed Belcher round the ring, who put in
several good blows.

17.—On this round Tom displayed excellent
science; threw in some good hits, but appeared
very weak. (Odds six to five on Belcher.)

24.—Belcher kept up a slight superiority. Both
combatants very much exhausted, and their hits
made no impression.

25.—Sam very shy; did not face his adversary.

26.—Belcher immediately made play at the face,
and put in a good hit, and terminated the round
by throwing his opponent. (Odds rose in Tom’s
favour.)

29.—Belcher in this round was so much exhausted,
that all hopes of victory on his part were
relinquished.

The contest was, however, spun out to the
fifty-seventh round, when Belcher, severely
punished, was forced to yield, not having
strength enough to keep him on his legs.

REMARKS.—This was, without dispute, one of the
best contested and most skilful battles that
ever had been witnessed. Sam proved himself
a truly desperate hitter, and a very powerful
man; to the latter quality may principally be
attributed his success, for notwithstanding
Tom Belcher was this day unfortunate, he stands
as one of the prettiest fighters of the day;
great allowance also must be made for his
indisposition. Sam fought greatly in the Mendoza
style, and his having that excellent pugilist at
his elbow was no mean advantage.

The friends of Belcher considered this battle by no means decisive of the men’s merits. Belcher himself urged that he was labouring under a debilitating disorder, and moreover that the notice was too short for proper preparation. They proposed to fight for 200 guineas, and named Tuesday, July 28th, 1807, as the day.[107] Moulsey Hurst was the fixture, and as early as nine o’clock in the morning a roped ring was formed, twenty-eight feet in diameter, but before twelve o’clock it was found that the space allotted to pedestrians would not hold the immense concourse attending, and two hours were employed in removing to a more convenient place. As soon as the ring was completed, Belcher entered, attended by Bill Warr and Watson; Dutch Sam soon followed, with Mendoza and Bittoon. In a few minutes the combatants set-to, both appearing in good confidence as to the result.

THE FIGHT.

Round 1.—Not much ceremony in sparring. Sam made
a hit at Tom’s ribs, which fell short, and Tom
put in two desperate blows at his opponent’s
head, and retreated. Both now sparred very
cautiously; Sam rallied, they closed, and both
fell, Sam uppermost.

2.—Sam threw away many hits, at length put in a
good right-hand blow in Belcher’s loins, which
Tom returned by a severe hit in the face.
Cautious sparring again, and Sam put in a
desperate blow in the neck, and brought his
adversary down. (Even betting yet.)

3.—Sam stood up with great courage and
confidence; both put in some good hits, which
were dexterously parried. Sam went in, and
closing threw Belcher again.

4.—Belcher showed some marks of severe blows
in the last rally, and bled profusely at the
nose; Sam was not without a few evidences of
his opponent’s skill, his eye was dreadfully
swelled. Belcher put in a very clean blow over
his opponent’s guard, in the face, when Sam
closed, and threw Tom with great violence.

5.—It would be difficult to describe the courage
and skill displayed in this round. Sam rallied,
some good hits exchanged, and they closed; again
disengaged, and Belcher rallied, but Sam had a
most decided advantage throughout the round,
driving his opponent to all parts of the ring,
and at length brought Belcher down by a very
feeble blow. (Odds five to four on Sam, but
betting shy.)

6.—This was also an excellently contested round.
After some blows had been exchanged, Sam put in
two forcible blows at Belcher’s head, which were
well stopped, but he fell, apparently very weak.
(Odds six to four on Sam.)

7.—Sam appeared to judge his distances very
badly, frequently striking short blows; they
closed very irregularly, but Sam threw Belcher,
and pitched him on his head.

9.—In this round Belcher gained considerable
advantage, hit his antagonist severely in the
face right and left, and after another very
irregular close, threw Sam as heavy a fall as he
had before experienced. Sam, however, still
remained the favourite.

10.—Sam made a long body hit, and threw his
opponent.

11.—Sam made two attempts at Belcher’s head,
both of which were dexterously parried. After
Sam had thrown away several blows they closed,
and Belcher threw him.

12.—Belcher appeared fresher, but was very
cautious; he retreated round the ring; Sam
followed him closely, and ran him down on the
spot.

13.—Sam made two unsuccessful hits, which were
again stopped, and Belcher returned one with
great violence; by a slight hit Sam fell, and
evinced great distress.

14.—On setting to, it was observed Sam had two
black eyes, and Belcher showed severe punishment
on his left side. Sam repeated a hit on this
spot, and Belcher immediately closed and threw
him.

15.—Belcher retreated; Sam followed; no
fighting; a hugging close, and Belcher fell,
seemingly from weakness. (Odds seven to four on
Sam.)

16.—A good rallying round, and some good blows
made. Sam put in a good hit in the throat, and
they closed, and Belcher threw his opponent.

17 and 18.—No blow of importance.

19.—A hard fought round; each exerted himself to
the utmost, and excellent blows were exchanged
in a rally at arm’s length, until both fell, as
though it had been preconcerted.

20.—Sam hit Belcher on the nose, but was thrown
in closing.

21.—A desperate round, all rallying at arm’s
length, each hitting and stopping. Sam had the
advantage, Belcher being very weak.

26.—In this round Belcher exerted his utmost,
followed his opponent with great courage, and
displayed great skill in hitting and stopping.

27.—At the end of this round very faint hopes
were entertained for Belcher’s success. Sam made
play, rallied, and hit three severe blows on
Tom’s left side; Tom, however, threw him. (Odds
three to one on Sam.)

28.—Greatly in favour of Sam, who put in several
severe blows on Belcher’s head, and he fell.

29.—A good round. Sam still kept the
superiority; Belcher’s blows were too feeble to
make any impression. Sam threw him.

30.—Sam appeared in great spirits, and as fresh
as ever, but his eyes were almost closed. He
rallied, and Tom, being almost exhausted, was
knocked down. (Odds four to one on Sam.)

31.—Every one felt commiseration for Tom. His
exertions to maintain the fight received
applause, and were truly courageous; but Sam,
elated at the state to which he had reduced his
opponent, mustering all fire, beat him out of
the ring.

32.—Belcher struck twice, but very feebly, and
in vainly endeavouring to rally, fell.

33.—Tom had no chance whatever, his blows were
perfectly useless. He fell without receiving a
blow.

34.—This was the last round, and it
unfortunately created a dispute. Belcher made a
blow at Sam, and fell on his knees; Sam made a
hit, intending to strike his adversary while on
his legs and before his hands reached the earth;
Sam’s blow reached him while on his knees. A cry
of “Foul” was immediately raised, particularly
by those on the wrong side with their bets, and
the matter was referred to the two umpires. One
of these declared it “fair,” the other “foul.”
Mr. Jackson now stepped forward and explained
that a man was not to be considered down until
his hand had reached the floor, consequently the
blow was fair, and Sam must be acknowledged the
conqueror. “Notwithstanding this flowing
declaration of Jackson’s,” says the reporter,
“the umpires, Captain Barclay and the Hon.
Berkeley Craven, agreed to refer the matter to
Lord Say and Sele. His lordship declined giving
a decision, when Lord Archibald Hamilton was
immediately solicited, and he undertook the
office of judge of appeal. Many meetings of the
amateurs took place, and the subject of this
foul play was warmly discussed. The rules of
Broughton and all the first rate authorities
were adduced, but the only case considered as in
point throughout the annals of pugilism, was
that of Humphries and Mendoza, in the battle
they fought at Stilton, in May, 1789 (see p.
73); but from the irritability of Mendoza, the
battle in that case was renewed. An offer was
now made to Sam to draw stakes, but this was
refused, on the plea that, if even Belcher was
on his knees, he was doing his best still on the
defensive. At length it was agreed on all sides
that there should be a new trial.”

The third meeting accordingly was arranged for the 21st August, 1807. The men met at Lowfield Common, near Crawley, Sussex, in a thirty feet ring upon the turf. In the articles it was specified that the following article of Broughton’s rules should be decisive:—

“7.—That no person is to hit his adversary when down, or seize him
by the ham, the breeches, or any part below the waist: a man on his
knees to be reckoned down.”

Sam was seconded by Mendoza, and Bittoon was his bottle-holder. Tom Belcher was attended by Gully and Ward.

THE FIGHT.

Round 1.—Considerable anxiety was manifested
upon the combatants setting to, and the
interested spectators were much agitated with
hopes and fears, upon the decision of this third
contest between two such distinguished
pugilists. Sam made a feint with his left hand,
and endeavoured with his right to hit Tom’s
ribs; but they were stopped, and Belcher
returned feebly with his left hand; in closing,
Sam was underneath.

2.—Sam going in to rally. Tom hit him right
and left, and likewise stopped two blows. In
closing, Belcher was thrown. (Betting now
commenced—five to two on Sam.)

3.—Sam extremely cautious till he had got
his proper distance, when, after making a
left-handed feint, he put in a terrible blow
under Belcher’s left eye that brought the
claret out in abundance, and its effects
were so severe that Tom was confused, and,
upon exchanging a hit, was thrown. (Three to
one on Sam.)

4.—Both rallying, and exchanging hits at arm’s
length; no advantage on either side; but the
strength of Sam was prominent in closing. He
threw his opponent.

5.—A most excellent round, but rather in favour
of Belcher. Sam rallied, but without effect,
as Belcher hit him off. Notwithstanding, Sam
closed, disengaged, and commenced another rally,
when Tom put in a most tremendous blow upon the
left eye of his opponent, and also threw him a
heavy fall.

6.—Desperate fighting; both exhausted, and fell
together.

7.—Belcher put in two slight hits; when they
closed irregularly and fell.

8.—Rallying and good science on both sides;
hitting and stopping in good style, till they
both fell. Belcher manifested first weakness.

9.—Sam incorrect in his distances; Belcher gave
him a severe fall. (Four to one on Sam.)

10.—Belcher hit his opponent slightly, when Sam
threw him.

11.—Sam, full of strength, rallied desperately,
which was followed up by Tom, but in favour
of the Jew. Sam’s blows were dreadful, and
Belcher’s face and body suffered materially. He
fell from weakness.

12.—No blows given. Tom ran himself down. (All
betters, but no one sanguine enough to take
them.)

13.—Sam followed the style of his opponent, and
ran himself down.

14.—Belcher somewhat shy from the severe beating
he had received. He fell from two of Sam’s
right-handed body blows.

15.—Belcher made every effort to put in some
good hits, but they were too feeble to do
execution. He fell from weakness, while
rallying.

16.—Of no importance, except both the
combatants, after closing, appeared to fall from
exhaustion.

17.—Belcher, in attempting to hit his opponent,
was stopped, and, in closing, Tom fell between
his adversary’s arms on his knees. Sam, who was
strongly impressed with the articles, cleverly
held up his hands, to show that no foul blows
should put an end to this contest.

18.—Sam, in closing, got his opponent’s head
under his arm, and fibbed Belcher so severely
that he dropped.

19.—Tom fell on his knees; but Sam was on his
guard, and only smiled.

20.—Sam beat his opponent to the ropes with
considerable ease.

21.—Belcher still giving way under Sam’s
superior strength.

22.—Belcher, rather recovered, obtained some
little advantage.

23.—Belcher, still livelier, contended
spiritedly, till they both fell and lay along on
the ground.

24.—Belcher completely astonished his friends
by his fine game and resolution, and obtained
advantage in a desperate rally, when they both
fell, quite exhausted.

25.—Tom’s excellence in the science of boxing
was truly conspicuous in this round; his blows
were well directed, but not effective.

26.—Sam, to avoid Tom’s favourite right-handed
body blow, threw himself on his face.

27.—Sam received a heavy fall, after some
irregular fighting.

28.—Belcher claimed considerable respect and
attention, from the fine style in which he
gained the superiority over his opponent, and
also in giving Sam a very severe fall.

29 and 30.—Good rallies took place in both these
rounds; rather in favour of Belcher.

From the thirty-first to the thirty-sixth round
it was evident to the spectators that Belcher
could not win. The onslaughts of Sam were
tremendous in the extreme. He followed his
opponent to all parts of the ring, putting in
dreadful facers and body blows, dealing out
punishment till his brave opponent fell, quite
exhausted. His brother Jem took him out of the
ring in the most feeble state, and placed him in
a gentleman’s chariot. It was on the left side,
from the kidneys to the crown of the head, where
Tom was so severely beaten. Sam’s principal
injury was a blow under the left eye, and some
trifling marks. The Dutchman dressed himself
with perfect indifference before he left the
ring. The superiority of Sam’s hitting, and the
severity of his blows, were visible throughout
this battle. Belcher’s skill was apparent, but
there was no comparison in the effectiveness of
the two men’s mode of fighting.

Bill Cropley, as yet unconquered, challenged Dutch Sam for fifty guineas, and was accepted. The battle was fixed for April 5, 1808, the same day as that between Belcher and Dogherty, but the officers from Bow Street, appeared with special warrants, and took Sam and his opponent into custody; they were then bound over to keep the peace in four contiguous counties named in the bonds.

A new arrangement was therefore entered into, and on the 10th May, 1808, after Gully’s memorable defeat of Gregson, Sam and Cropley entered the enclosure and immediately set-to. Cropley stood over Sam in an alarming manner, and in the first round caught Sam heavily on the eye. On this success, however, he never improved; he tried every manœuvre to get at his head again, but ineffectually; Sam always got away, and punished him cuttingly for following him up. In twenty-five minutes Cropley was a piteous spectacle, and by the advice of his seconds, gave in.

Sam’s irregularity of living, and what he called his “gin training,” began now to tell upon his wonderful constitution; and though his name is of continual recurrence in affairs of the ring during two years, it is not until a quarrel again brought him within the ropes in May, 1810, that Sam publicly doffed his shirt. A series of bickerings and slight disputes had led to an ill feeling between Sam and a tradesman of the name of Medley, for many years after known in sporting circles. These at last came to a crisis in a challenge from Medley, to fight for 200 guineas, Medley putting down his own money. The affair created immense excitement at the time. The _Daily Advertiser_ thus notices Sam’s opponent: “Ben Medley, as he is called by his intimates, is a muscular man, some twenty pounds heavier than Samuels (Elias). He has never before entered the ring for a stake, but fame records great things of him in resenting a personal injury, and as a setter-to with the gloves his excellence is well known at the Fives Court. Sam has regarded this fame so much, that, to avoid risking a chance, he preferred to forfeit some time ago, because he did not think himself in good condition at the appointed time.”

Famed Moulsey Hurst, on the 31st May, 1810, was crowded to excess, and it was with great difficulty that the ring could be kept clear. At one o’clock the champions entered, Sam waited on by Harry Lee and Puss; Joe Ward and Tom Cribb seconded Medley. They were not long in stripping. The betting varied, but the current price was two to one on Sam.

THE FIGHT.

Round 1.—After a little sparring Sam put in a
left-handed hit, which Medley stopped cleverly;
they closed, but disengaged themselves. Medley
stopped Sam’s left again, closed, and threw his
opponent.

2.—Medley led off. They closed and broke away.
Sam got in a left-hander on the ribs, and
following it up, forced a rally, in which he
caught Medley a tremendous blow on the temple.
Medley fought hurriedly, and slipt down.

3.—Medley appeared quite confused from the
violence of the blow on his temple. It evidently
had taken much of the fight out of him. He,
however, stood up with courage, and rallied. Sam
stopped with great dexterity, and by a well
planted hit under the chin, knocked Medley off
his legs. (Odds four to one on Sam.)

4.—Medley rallied, but Sam brought him down by a
body blow.

5.—Medley struck; Sam parried, and threw in
right and left; both hits told. They closed, and
Sam threw Medley by dint of superior strength.

6.—Medley’s eye was greatly swollen; he appeared
shy, retreated. Sam, however, waited for his
coming up, and threw in a violent blow on the
face, which re-echoed again; they closed, and
Sam threw Medley again.

7.—Sam quite gay, went in, and putting in a
most tremendous blow in the breast, brought
his opponent down.

8.—Medley bled profusely. Sam was coming in to
rally, when Medley knocked him down and laughed
at him; but his countenance was ghastly, from
the tremendous blows he had received in the
face.

9.—Sam appeared angry, ran in, and missed his
distance. Medley displayed a great deal of
science, but was at last knocked down.

10.—Medley was making play, when Sam knocked him
down.

11.—An excellent round, and the longest in the
battle. Medley showed weakness, yet he put in a
good hit on Sam’s nose, who directly knocked him
down.

12.—It would be impossible to describe the
spectacle Medley’s face and head exhibited, the
blood flowing in all directions. Before any blow
was struck Medley fell from weakness.

13.—Medley was again making play, when Sam put
in a severe blow in the ribs, and Medley again
fell. His side now began to swell.

14.—Sam slipped, but it was thought a trick to
gain wind.

16.—Sam went in and rallied. Medley very weak,
but gamely bored in upon Sam, who continued
plying right and left until Medley fell.

Notwithstanding Medley was in this dreadful
state, he continued the fight for thirty-three
more rounds; but nature being at length
exhausted, and his wounds bleeding beyond the
skill of his second’s stopping, his brother
declared him conquered.

Sam in this battle displayed great science, and
his mercy to his opponent did him still greater
honour. Medley showed game, but his hits were
too light for a fighter, being in fact the taps
of the sparring school.

Sam now resolved to retire from the ring as a principal. He was thirty-five years of age, and had always fought what is termed “up-hill;” that is, men of greater weight and size than himself. It would have been well for him had he adhered to this resolution, as we shall presently see.

Five years had elapsed during which Sam’s intemperance was the subject of regret among his acquaintance, when Bill Nosworthy, the baker, a wrestler and boxer of some repute with the “dead men” of the metropolis, offered himself to Sam’s notice; by whom, as we have already said, the poet’s warning was as unheeded as it was probably unknown:—

“Though I look old, yet I am strong and lusty;
For, in my youth, I never did apply
Hot and rebellious liquors in my blood:
Nor did I, with unbashful forehead, woo
The means of weakness and debility;
Therefore my age is as a lusty winter,
Frosty, but kindly.”

This, Sam’s final ring encounter, took place at Moulsey, on Tuesday, December 8th, 1814. Four to one had been betted on Sam previous to this fight, and he was backed, when fighting, till near the end of the battle, by the best judges in the pugilistic circles.

This defeat (which will be found detailed in the Appendix to Period IV., under NOSWORTHY), ruined him, and he sunk into dejection, misery, and want. Like many others of the headstrong race of hard drinkers, he was infatuated with the idea that nothing in the shape of excess could harm his iron frame. Indeed, Sam had been heard insanely to boast that he could train on “three glasses of gin, three times a day.” What wonder, then, that he fell? Excess, pride, and conceit destroyed his vigour and stamina, and on this occasion he might exclaim,—

“I’ve touched the highest point of all my greatness,
And from that full meridian of my glory,
I haste now to my setting.”

A few anecdotes from contemporary sources may show Sam’s fistic capabilities even in his decadence. Passing through Wapping, one evening, when it was almost dark, he observed a poor Jew and a sailor fighting, and, upon enquiring the cause, he was soon recognized by the unfortunate Mordecai, who had been several times floored by the rough son of Neptune. Sam stooped to pick up his Israelitish brother, when the latter whispered in his ear, “So help my Cot, Sam, I can’t fight any more.” “Hold your tongue, you fool,” replied Sam, at the same time falling down by his side: “you get up and pretend to pick me up: I’ll let fly at him.” This imposition was practised with success, and Sam, staggering on to his legs with well feigned grogginess, went bang in with his one-two at the Jack Tar, in such style that he saluted mother earth in a twinkling. The sailor, upon getting upon his pins, roughly exclaimed, “D—— my ——, this ain’t the man I was fighting with—it’s another. Shiver me, but his blows are like the kicks of a horse—I’ll have no more of this.” He instantly sheered off, while Sam and his friend dropped into a neighbouring gin-shop to laugh over the trick.

It is impossible correctly to ascertain the number of bye-battles in which Sam was engaged; but it is certainly within compass to assert, that he fought above one hundred.

In the vicinity of St. George’s Fields, a stout fellow of the name of Jones, a painter, and a neighbour of Dutch Sam’s, who valued himself upon his milling qualities, publicly declared that he was the champion of that quarter, and frequently had importuned Sam to have a set-to; the latter always declined. It happened one evening that Sam was regaling himself at a public-house, and glass succeeding glass of Deady’s brilliant fluid, had nearly obliterated worldly things from Sam’s pericranium, when Jones, learning the circumstance, entered the premises, and endeavoured to provoke him to a combat, but in vain. At length Jones struck him. This was too much, the staggering Sam returned it, and inquired “whether he was doing right or wrong to defend himself?” An adjournment to the street took place, when Sam, notwithstanding his intoxicated state, appeared to have the advantage, until Jones, seizing him by the hair of his head, threw him down, and struck him violently upon the stones. This unmanly act appeared to have a most unusual and electric effect, for it awoke Sam to a recollection of what he was about; and, to the surprise of the spectators, the Israelite started up exclaiming, “Take care, take care, I’m coming now!” put in such a bodier as nearly deprived Jones of his breath, following it up by a slashing hit over his eye, which levelled the brute in his congenial mud. Utterly flabbergasted by the severity and impetuosity of Sam’s hitting, he fairly bolted. Jones weighed thirteen stone six pounds; and, though destitute of propriety, was not without pretensions to science; this lesson taught him summarily the folly of vain boasting, and the superiority of a master in the art.

We cannot omit one bright trait in Sam’s character, and this was his honest determination to win his fight if he could. We read in his obituary notice, “Sam’s integrity was a bright jewel; it was undoubtedly of the first water; he was once tampered with by a large offer to lose a fight (Egan says 1000_l._), but he at once disclosed the affair to his backers. If all our pugilists had displayed the like honesty, the ring would be in a very different state.”

Sam’s constitution originally was of the finest quality, and his strength, for his stature and weight, amazing. The day he fought with Cropley he asserted that he was able to “floor an ox.” The Game Chicken once affronted Sam, when the latter informed that formidable boxer that he could not beat him in a quarter of an hour. In private life, Sam possessed a good deal of comic humour; and he passed much of his latter time in the service of Saunders, the equestrian circus keeper, of Bartholomew Fair notoriety.

He suffered considerably in his illness, and died in the London Hospital, on Wednesday, July 3, 1816, in the forty-second year of his age. He was buried on the 4th of the same month, in the Jews’ burying ground, Whitechapel.

As a boxer, “take him for all in all,” while he lived he had no equal; but latterly his stamina was utterly ruined by excessive indulgence in ardent spirits.