Chapter IV: Part 4

It is well known to naturalists that Swallows cross the Alps by certain passes, as is also done by other species, regularly year after year. People have often marvelled at the punctuality of appearance of the Swallow and other species at certain favourite resorts. There is nothing marvellous in it. When the great general movement takes place, and the flights of birds pass over old frequented and well-known spots, these are recognised and promptly occupied by the hereditary occupants, or, if found unoccupied by later migrants, they are then filled up. This remark applies both in spring and autumn. In a former Report I have instanced the arrivals of Wood Pigeons on the Fife coast, and I have also instanced breeding-sites of birds occupied for many years, unoccupied for two or more years, and then reoccupied again. I am informed by Mr. A. B. Herbert that some of the favourite alpine passes for the annual migration of birds are the Albula and Bermina Passes into the Adda Valley and Lake Como, returning the same way in spring. If this regularity occurs during the passage of the bulk of migratory birds, I think there are good reasons for believing that a similar regularity appears in the distribution along certain lines of rare visitants, even if travelled all the way from America or the Asiatic steppes and tundras. No doubt they get into the groove--so to speak--and carry on in company with the main flocks of other species, joining issue with them along the great highways of migration, which I think have been well pointed out in many cases by Palmén and Herr Weissmann. Though the article by the latter has been abundantly criticised and even pooh-poohed, I venture to record my firm belief that there is more in it than appeared on the surface, and that the more we know of migration the more fully will his theory be borne out.

It is known to naturalists that some species which are known to breed in the highest northern latitudes travel on migration to the furthest southern localities. Let us instance the Knot (_Tringa canuta_). Temperature has to do with this directly. What a vast breeding-ground of this species, as yet undiscovered, must there be somewhere in the far north if we witness the great streams on their annual migration along our coasts. In spring they travel on and on towards the north until they find a temperature cool enough for the successful hatching and rearing of their young, reaching their far off summer quarters even before insect-life has begun to show itself, after the long Arctic winter; and, with the strength and vigour of a far northern-bred species, they adapt themselves to the only food existing--the fronds of lichen laid bare by the first melting of the snow. The hardiness of the race, bred thus on the shores of the Arctic seas, induces the vigour and "fitness" which enables them to travel so far again to the southward in autumn and winter; and it is the annual overflow of their vast numbers, pressing behind those in the van, which--as it were--adds impulse to the ability, and carries them forward. They press forward in autumn to fresh feeding-grounds as those behind are taken up by others succeeding them.

* * * * *

The Report for the West Coast of England, although frequently applied for by the Secretary, has up to this date not been received.

_August 26th, 1883._

* * * * *

IRISH COAST.

In the spring of 1882 forty schedules were forwarded to the light-keepers, and in the autumn forty-one. Thirty-one stations returned answers in the spring, and thirty-two in the autumn.

The same stations were selected as in the autumn of 1881, with the exception of Dursey Island, which was substituted for the Calf Rock; and Dungarvan, which was added in the autumn of 1882.

Some improvement in filling the schedules is apparent. A few errors in the identification of species probably have been made, but no blame is attached to the light-keepers, who gratuitously observe for us to the best of their ability.

In accordance with a desire expressed by the other members of the Committee, and for the sake of uniformity, the observations have been arranged under each species instead of under the day of the month, and the light-stations are arranged geographically, beginning at the Fastnet, in Cork, and going round by the east and north to the west coast. The entries in the spring schedules are placed first under each species.

The severe frost which visited these islands for about ten days, beginning on December 6th, caused a local migration of many land-birds to the sea-coast, and several entries occur in the schedules at this time.

The weather observations taken by the light-keepers, when of an ordinary character, have been sometimes omitted; but with scarcely an exception every entry in the schedules, which refers to the occurrence of a particular species on a given date, is recorded.

The name given by the light-keepers to the birds is always adopted, and generally without comment; but occasionally inverted commas are used when it appears advantageous to insert them.

Looking through the records, and comparing them with reports from the English coast and elsewhere, it is evident that Ireland lies comparatively out of the track of migrants, and its western stations are especially poor.

The Tuskar Rock, on the Wexford coast, is certainly the best station. Large numbers of migrants strike the lantern there, and many are killed. Being the nearest land to the Welsh coast, and the extreme south-eastern point of Ireland, the Tuskar is well situated for observation.

A Snowy Owl was shot on the Island of Innishtrahull, off the coast of Donegal, and forwarded by the light-keeper there to the Museum of Science and Art, Keldare Street, Dublin.

Observations on Gulls and Gannets are numerous, and it is difficult to estimate their value, as some light-keepers have given them much attention, while others have scarcely noticed these species owing to their frequent occurrence.

The presence of the Gannet all round the coast during the breeding season would seem to show that a large proportion do not breed. The little Skellig Rock, off the Kerry coast, is the only Irish breeding-place of the Gannet; and when visited in 1880, by Mr. Barrington, there were scarcely thirty pairs breeding.

In the returns many entries occur which probably do not refer to migrating birds, but it has been thought prudent not to omit any from the printed report.

It is remarked by some light-keepers that more birds strike fixed than revolving or flash lights.

Attention is called to the great scarcity of Starlings in 1882 in several schedules.

Conclusions are premature for a year or two, and it is as well to let the observations of the light-keepers speak for themselves.

Great results are not anticipated from this enquiry, but few satisfactory ones will be forthcoming unless it be continued; it is therefore essential that the light-keepers should assist us for some years longer, and we trust they will do so.

To Captain Boxer, R.N., Inspector of Irish Lights, we are again indebted for friendly aid; as well as to the Commissioners of Irish Lights, who were good enough to take forty copies of last year's report, and distribute them to the various observers.

Alexander G. More.
Richard M. Barrington.

List of Light-stations.

Miles
from
Sp. Au. shore. Names of Observers.

1. Fastnet, Co. Cork o o 8
2. Galley Head, do. x x - John Whelan.
3. Old Head, Kinsale, do. x x - George Dunleavy and
Martin Kennedy.
4. Mine Head, Waterford x o - Joseph Hammond.
5. Dungarvan, do. - x - Wm. Higginbotham.
5. Coningbeg Lt.-ship, Wexford x x 10 Patrick Cullen.
6. Barrels Rock Lt.-ship, do. o x 4 Michael Doyle.
7. Tuskar, do. x x 7 Richard Hamilton.
8. Arklow S. Lt.-ship, Wicklow x o 7 William O'Shea.
9. Wicklow Head o o -
10. Kish Bank Lt.-ship, Dublin x x 7 William Daly.
11. Howth Baily, do. o x - William Dunne and
James Higginbotham.
12. Rockabill, do. o x 5 Joseph Hammond.
13. Copeland Island, Down x x 3 John Walsh.
14. Maidens, Antrim x x 5 Patrick Keenan.
15. Rathlin, do. x x 6 John A. Murray.
16. Innishtrahull, Donegal x x - W. H. James.
17. Dunree Head, do. x x - John Stapleton.
18. Lough Swilly, do. x x - Henry Redmond.
19. Tory Island, do. o x 9 Thomas Sweeny.
20. Arranmore, do. x x 5 Henry Williams.
21. Rathlin O'Birne, do. o x 2 Joseph Hill.
22. Killybegs, do. o x - Daniel Hawkins.
23. Oyster Island, N. Sligo x x 1 John Young.
24. Broadhaven, Mayo x x - Joseph Williams and
Michael Duffy.
25. Eagle Island, E., do. x o 2 Robert W. Redmond.
26. Eagle Island, W., do. x x 2 Matthew Healy.
27. Blackrock, do x o 9 Martin Kennedy.
28. Blacksod Point, do. x o - J. Williams.
29. Clare Island, do. x x 4 J. Reilly and G. H.
Brownell.
30. Slyne Head, N., Galway x x 3 John Gillan and Robert
Tyrrell.
31. Slyne Head, S., do. x o - William Callaghan.
32. Arran Island, N., do. x x 9 John Kelly.
33. Straw Island, do. x x 9 Charles Boyle.
34. Straw Island, S., do. o x 6 John O'Donnell.
35. Loop Head, Clare o o -
36. Samphire Island, Kerry x x ½ Michael O'Donnell and
J. Williams.
37. Tearaght, do. x x 9 Edward McCarron.
38. Valentia, do. x x - Thomas McKenna and
Joseph Williams.
39. Skelligs, do. x x 9 Henry Gardiner.
40. Dursey Island, Cork x x ½ James Keenan.

Abbreviations

Sp. = Spring; Au. = Autumn; o = No reply; x = Schedule returned partly or
wholly filled.

General Remarks of Light-Keepers.

_Galley Head._--"Spring: There is a total absence of land-birds at this station. Autumn: Sea-birds passing are, I may say, the only birds to be seen. The Curlew and 'Small Black Crow' are here all the year round."--John Whelan.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--"Spring: No migration of birds observed this spring."--George Dunleavy.

_Dungarvan._--"Autumn: With very rare exceptions no birds strike this lantern."--William Higginbotham.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--"Autumn: Very few birds killed against lantern since the light was changed from steady to flash light."--Patrick Cullen.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--"Autumn: This is a very quick red light, flashing 30"; no birds ever struck the lantern. I believe the quick revolution frightens them away, as in fog and thick weather no birds ever stay about the light like the ships that have the bright light."--Michael Doyle.

_Tuskar Rock._--"Spring: Not many birds this spring: a good deal more last year. Autumn: The 'Black Diver' leaves about May 1st, and returns in October."--Richard Hamilton.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--"Autumn: Very few birds pass this station. Birds seldom strike our lantern, as it is a revolving light. September and October are the chief months for the migration of birds from the Welsh coast."--William Daly.

_Howth Baily._--"Autumn: Sea Gulls and Cormorants all through the winter. Puffins disappeared about middle of December."--William Dunne.

_Copeland Island._--"Autumn: Large numbers of birds resort to this island and Mew Island during the winter months, and generally leave early in March. The species seen daily are as follows:--Oystercatchers, about 50; Wild Duck, 10 to 40; Sandpipers, 20; Cormorants, 8 to 10; Starlings, 20 to 40; Blackbirds, 4 to 6; 'Grey' Plover, 2 to 20; Curlew, 10 to 100 in each flock."--John Walsh.

_South Maidens._--"I saw no birds strike the lantern since I came to this station."--Patrick Keenan.

_Rathlin._--"Spring: The Ducks are breeding on every little pond and moss on the island; the 'Shell Duck' breeds here. Any amount of sea-birds. Jan. 14th, 1883, the species of birds remaining on the island at this date are:--'Large Gulls, Sparrows, Linnets, Stonechats, Black Crows, White-backed Crows, Golden Plover, Green Plover, Bald Coot, Curlew, Wild Duck, Snipe, Redshank or Sandpiper, Starling (they have been scarce), Blackbirds, Thrushes, Cormorants, Water Wagtails, one Snow Bunting (very few this season).'"--John A. Murray.

_Dunree Head._--"Autumn: Cormorants are here all the year round; they build their nest under the lighthouse. They go up the Lough every morning, and return in the evening. No birds strike this light. Land-birds are very scarce."--John Stapleton.

_Lough Swilly._--"Autumn: Birds seldom strike this lantern. Barnacle Duck and Widgeon frequent the head of Lough Swilly from about Oct. 1st to end of March."--Henry Redmond.

_Arranmore._--"Spring: The birds that breed on this island are 'Stonechats,' 'Gulls,' 'Puffins,' 'Ravens,' 'Goldfinches,' 'Hawks,' and 'Red-legged Jackdaws' (Choughs). Autumn: This station seems out of the line of passing birds."--Henry Williams.

_Killybegs._--"Autumn: The number of birds striking the lantern has been very few since 1879; only the two named in the schedule (Woodcock) have struck up to the present. The frost and snow of 1879 made great havoc among Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings, and Fieldfares. I saw no Starlings since 1881, which is very unusual. In the spring of 1882 I saw two very fine specimens of the Northern Diver; they remained until late in summer. Puffins arrive in large numbers early in July, and usually leave _en masse_ towards the middle of August. Cormorants muster pretty strongly in the autumn months. Several Grey Gulls and four or five Black-headed remained here during the present winter. I observed one Gull a few days ago of a dirty white or creamy colour, no feathers of any other colour being visible. The Sea Swallow, or 'Pirr Gull,' used to visit us in thousands formerly; but since the autumn of 1878 not one has been seen here. When stationed at the mouth of the Boyne, in 1876, a few of these birds used to breed there, laying their eggs on the top of little sandy hillocks."--Daniel Hawkins.

_Oyster Island, North._--"Scarcely any land-birds visit this island."--John Young.

_Broadhaven._--"Autumn: The Gannet does not breed on the Stags, but is to be seen after herring."--Michael Duffy.

_Eagle Island, East._--"Spring: did not observe any birds of a migratory kind pass this island."--Robert W. Redmond.

_Eagle Island, West._--"Autumn: I have carefully watched the movements of birds, and have not found anything worth reporting. Sea-fowl occasionally after herring in large groups; but they come and go no particular way."--Matthew Healy.

_Clare Island._--"Autumn: Very few migratory birds at this station in 1882, with the exception of Gulls, Guillemots, Puffins, and Razorbills, of which large numbers arrived in the latter part of March, and left on Aug. 18th. Cormorants and Kittiwakes all the year round. Large numbers of Grouse from August to January. Snipe and Woodcock, November to March. Two large Eagles have their eyrie on the cliffs of a mountain close to the lighthouse: they kill several lambs. Geese, Ducks, and Hens, and carry them to the mountain with the greatest ease."--George H. Brownell.

_Slyne Head, North._--"Autumn: Very few land-birds visit this station."--Robert Tyrrell.

_Slyne Head, South._--"Spring: The Tern used to arrive for breeding perhaps about May 4th or 6th; this year they did not come until June 4th, and not one bird hatched on the island this year. Sea-hawks arrive the first week in April, and leave about the end of October. I have not seen a Crow for two years, nor a Starling this year."--William Callaghan.

_Arran Island, North._--"Autumn: No birds struck the lantern in 1882. I have not observed any Blackbirds, Thrushes, or Starlings, during the past year."--John Kelly.

_Straw Island._--"Autumn: All descriptions of birds were fewer this year than usual."--Charles Boyle.

_Arran Island, South._--"Autumn: Only a few 'Stares' struck the lantern this winter."--John O'Donnell.

Samphire Island.--"Spring: Not a single bird struck last winter, the chief cause being that we have a red light all round east and south, which birds never strike. Almost all birds strike with S.E. winds, and generally on the east side of the lantern."--Michael O'Donnell.

_Tearaght Rock._--"Spring: The Sea-parrots are so plentiful here (April 25th) that on some occasions the whole island is completely covered with them: they are just now beginning to find their way into their holes. There is some solitary bird here, so it seems, makes a noise so loud, or crows so loud, in the cliffs, that one can hear it distinctly in the dwellings. It sounds something as follows: 'kuck, kuck, ko, kuck, kuck, ko.' This is repeated a few times, and then there is an interval of some minutes. So far I can neither see nor hear it in the daytime. It is called in this place the 'Night-bird.' (See 'Zoologist,' January, 1883). The Sea-parrot does not lay more than one egg unless it is taken away, when another is laid at the end of a week, and if this is taken away another egg is laid; then no more are laid that year. The young remain in their holes until they are fully feathered. They leave them in July, and are well guarded in the sea by the old birds. It is my opinion they do not ascend on the island any more after they have left their holes. The only way the young birds are distinguished from the old ones the following spring is that their feet are still a little black. The Razorbill begins to lay its egg about May 18th. The parent birds relieve each other while hatching. I actually saw one Razorbill come up to another which was on the egg, peck it, when off it went, and the new comer at once took its place. The Stormy Petrels breed here, but in small quantity. Autumn: Referring to the cry of the 'Night-bird' (Manx Shearwater ), the letter 'a' should be added to the 'ko,' and it would then read, 'kuck, kuck, ko-a.' The cry is as distinct as that of the Cuckoo, and would be heard about the same distance. I never remember to have seen a Crested Cormorant until I came here. Starlings and Thrushes come off with easterly winds when there is frost or snow on the mainland. About a dozen Grey Linnets remained here during December; also a few Snow Buntings. There are a couple of hundred Titlarks summer and winter; they do not migrate. The same might be said of the Common Wren; about a dozen."--Edward McCarron.

_Valentia._--"Spring: No bird struck this lantern for five years. This point is too far west, and is out of the track of migrating birds."--Thomas McKenna.

Eagle.

_Skelligs._--April 4th, two Eagles flying about the island.

Hawk.

_Rathlin Island._--April 1st, five Hawks, stopping in vicinity. June 22nd, four seen.

_Innishtrahull._--March 5th, small Hawks.

_Slyne Head, South._--May 26th, two Hawks, noon to 4 p.m. "There are many Sea Hawks about this island. They arrive the first week in April, and leave about the end of October."

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 13th, two Hawks. Jan. 2nd, one.

_Rathlin Island._--Nov. 10th, "two Game Hawks coursing a Pigeon;" 16th, one Sparrow Hawk.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 16th, one Hawk; 19th, ditto.

_Arranmore._--Nov. 18th, one.

_Killybegs._--Nov. 26th, two remained about a week.

_Clare Island._--Nov. 23rd, two Kestrels.

_Tearaght._--Dec. 9th, "one Falcon." Jan. 8th, 1883, two Sparrow Hawks.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 14th, one Sparrow Hawk; 16th, one "Falcon Hawk;" 25th, two Sparrow Hawks. Jan. 4th, 1883, one.

Snowy Owl.

_Innishtrahull._--Nov. 19th, one shot (now in Museum of Science and Art, Kildare Street, Dublin).

Thrush.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 17th., one Thrush killed, 2 a.m., striking lantern; 29th, flocks of Thrushes pitched on this island. July 8th, five Thrushes struck lantern, one killed.

_Skelligs._--Jan. 3rd, 1882, eight Thrushes perched on island.

_Galley Head._--Dec. 13th, Thrushes going south.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 6th, hundreds of "Mountain Thrush;" 8th, some hundreds of Thrushes.

_Tuskar Rock._--Oct. 13th, Thrushes continually striking, ten killed, and one "Mountain Thrush."

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 12th, 13th and 14th, Thrushes about lantern.

_Howth Baily._--Oct. 14th, two killed. Dec. 9th, one seen; 11th, one; 12th to 18th, several about station, frost. Jan. 13th, 1883, Thrushes about light.

_Rockabill._--Oct. 4th, Thrushes. Dec. 12th, ditto.

_Copeland Island._--Nov. 9th, two Thrushes killed. Dec. 18th, four ditto.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 15th, Thrushes about lantern, one killed. Nov. 7th, Thrushes. Jan. 5th, 1883, ditto.

_Lough Swilly._--Dec. 14th, one.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 19th, one struck, not killed. Dec. 10th, one seen.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 22nd, one. Nov. 18th, one.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Dec. 13th, one Thrush.

_Killybegs._--Dec. 10th, about twenty came when the frost began.

_Clare Island._--Dec. 9th, several.

_Tearaght._--Dec. 14th, half a dozen Thrushes; 24th, a dozen.

_Valentia._--Oct. 8th, one killed against lantern.

_Skelligs._--Nov. 3rd, ten. During December a few were observed daily on island; also on Jan. 8th, 1883.

_Dursey Island._--Oct. 21st, four Thrushes going E.

Fieldfare.

_Valentia._--Nov. 29th, two Fieldfares.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 11th, twelve.

Blackbird.

_Slyne Head, North._--March 20th, one Blackbird killed against lantern, 3 a.m.

_Skelligs._--Jan. 25th, four Blackbirds on island. April 3rd, three ditto.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 8th, several Blackbirds.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--Dec. 7th, four flying north.

_Tuskar Rock._--Oct. 7th, one; 13th, thirty struck, all killed. Nov. 14th, three ditto.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 14th, Blackbirds about lantern. Nov. 15th, hen Blackbird killed, "being the first bird I have seen killed by our lantern for the last two years." Dec. 10th, two blackbirds.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 6th, fourteen in fields; 12th, one. Jan. 13th, 1883, five about light.

_Rockabill._--Oct. 4th and 12th, Blackbirds striking lantern. Dec. 12th, Blackbirds seen.

_Copeland Island._--Sept. 21st, three Blackbirds killed. Oct. 8th, one ditto. Dec. 18th, one killed.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 10th to 15th, Blackbirds about lantern; 18th, three struck, killed. Nov. 7th, Blackbirds, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Jan. 5th, 1883, three or four.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 19th, one female struck, not killed.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 21st, one. Nov. 13th, one.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Oct. 19th, one struck, killed, 2 a.m. Nov. 13th, one. Dec. 1st, one.

_Killybegs._--Dec. 10th, about twenty came on the appearance of frost.

_Clare Island._--Dec. 9th, several.

_Slyne Head, North._--Sept. 9th, two. Oct. 11th, two. Dec. 15th, two.

_Straw Island._--Nov. 13th, a flock of Blackbirds, 2 a.m., a few struck, but none killed; fog and rain.

_Valentia._--Oct. 2nd, one killed against lantern.

_Skelligs._--Nov. 15th and 22nd, and at intervals during December, a few were seen on island.

Robin.

_Eagle Island, West._--March 2nd, caught a Robin in an out-house, wind N., moderate.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 20th, four about station.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 29th, one, 8 a.m., wind S.S.E.

_Lough Swilly._--Dec. 1st, one; 2nd, one; 6th, one.

Stonechat.

_Arranmore._--April 7th, eight "Stonechats" arrived.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 23rd, four "Stonechats;" seen also April 4th and 8th. May 8th, they rested on the island.

_Eagle Island, West._--April, "Stonechats" arrived, about eighteen.

_Galley Head._--Oct. 30th, the "Stonechick" has left.

_Eagle Island, West._--Nov., saw a few "Stonechats."

[Some of the above entries may refer to the Wheatear.]

Golden-crested Wren.

_Slyne Head, North._--May 11th, one Golden-crested Wren killed.

_Tuskar Rock._--July 27th, two Golden Wrens; also on Aug. 6th and 9th. Oct. 12th, twelve, one killed; 13th, continually striking all night.

_Howth Baily._--Oct. 9th, five Golden Wrens struck lantern; 12th, two ditto. Dec. 17th, six.

_Rathlin Island._--Aug. 26th, one. Oct. 9th, two (one killed); 13th, five struck (two killed). Nov. 30th, four seen.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 15th, Golden Wrens about lantern.

_Arran Island, South._--Oct. 14th, fourteen struck lantern; none killed.

Wren.

_Arklow Bank, South._--April 15th, six Wrens going N.W., wind light N.E., cloudy; 18th, one Wren on deck, 5 a.m.

_Skelligs._--Feb. 22nd, two Wrens on island. April 9th, two Wrens on island.

_Tuskar Rock._--July 27th, four "Common Wrens." Seen also Aug. 5th, 9th, and 31st; and Oct. 8th and 9th.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 10th, six flying south; 16th, three.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 15th, "Brown Wrens" about lantern. Nov. 7th, ditto seen.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 6th, two Wrens caught on lantern.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 22nd, one seen.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Oct. 28th, one seen.

_Eagle Island, West._--Nov., saw two pairs of Wrens.

_Slyne Head, North._--Sept. 9th, two Wrens seen.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 7th, "three Common Wrens" going S.E. Dec. 9th, two.

_Skelligs._--Oct. 19th, two. Dec. 5th, four; 13th, two; Jan. 5th, 1883, two. All alighted on island.

Tits.

_Tuskar Rock._--March 18th, 10 p.m. to 5 a.m., continually striking, seventeen killed; wind fresh S.W., fog. April 21st, 10.30 p.m. to 4 a.m., constantly striking, twelve killed; wind fresh S.E., fog. July 27th, Titmice continually striking, wind fresh S.; also on 6th, 9th, and 31st Aug.

_Copeland Island._--Sept. 10th, six Titmice killed; 21st, two ditto. Oct. 8th, four ditto.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 14th, Titmice at lantern; 15th, one killed.

Wagtail.

_Galley Head._--Oct. 30th, the Wagtail has left. Rathlin Island.--Aug. 26th, three remained on island. Nov. 9th, one seen.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 19th, one.

_Lough Swilly._--Dec. 14th, two.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 27th, five Wagtails on rock.

Larks.

_Arklow Bank_, South,--Noticed on April 5th, 7th, and 15th.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 8th, 10th, 11th, and 12th, Sky Larks seen, one to five in number; they rested on the island. Observed earlier this year than last year. March 22nd, Titlarks mating; they rested on the island.

_Eagle Island, West._--April, about eighteen Titlarks arrived.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 29th, flocks of Larks pitched on island. July 13th, one Lark killed against lantern.

_Straw Island._--From April 3rd to May 20th, continuous flocks of Common Field Larks passing towards the mainland, generally about 3 p.m.

_Valentia._--April 3rd, small flocks of Larks and frequently to end of month. May 3rd and 16th, a few Larks.

_Galley Head._--Dec. 13th, Larks going south.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 8th, Larks.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Dec. 13th, one killed against lantern.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--Dec. 7th, one rested on ship.

_Tuskar Rock._--Oct 9th, Larks and Titlarks; also on Oct. 14th.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Nov. 30th, large flocks of Sky Larks.

_Howth Baily._--Nov. 20th, about two hundred Larks. Dec. 7th, twenty; 11th, ten; 12th to 18th, several, frost. Jan. 15th, 1883, Titlarks about.

_Copeland Island._--Sept. 10th, ten Larks killed; 21st, four ditto. Oct. 8th, seven ditto. Nov. 9th, eight ditto. Dec. 18th, two ditto.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 14th, Titlarks at lantern; 15th, Larks, one killed. Nov. 19th, Titlarks. Dec. 15th, flock of fifty.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 14th, one "female" Lark killed.

_Eagle Island, West._--Sept., Sky Larks and Titlarks seem to be departing.

_Clare Island._--Jan. 1st, 1883, twenty Titlarks.

_Arran Island, North._--Nov. 12th, eleven. Dec. 9th, six. Jan. 4th, 1883, two.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 14th, small flocks of Sky Larks; 15th, one struck, not killed, Dec. 5th and 15th, large flocks.

Snow Bunting.

_Arranmore._--April 5th, four Snow Buntings left island.

_Galley Head._--Nov. 30th, two "Snow Birds" passed north.

_Rathlin Island._--Nov. 5th, seven Snow Buntings arrived and will remain some time; 31st, thirty.

_Innishtrahull._--Nov. 7th, Snow Buntings; 19th to end of month, frequented island. Dec. 23rd and 24th, fifty to one hundred in a flock; wind, strong N.W. Jan. 3rd, 1883, Snow Buntings daily to 18th on island.

_Tory Island._--Nov. 9th, one flock. Jan. 6th and 7th, 1883, Snow Buntings.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 4th, one seen. Nov. 4th, 18th; Dec. 4th, 5th, 12th; Jan. 4th and 6th, 1883;--on all these dates some seen.

Chaffinch.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 25th, flock of Chaffinches going W.; 30th, four Chaffinches.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 26th, four Chaffinches. Jan. 4th, 1883, one.

Sparrow.

_Rathlin Island._--June 9th, fifteen or sixteen Sparrows; remained two or three days. Dec. 16th, Sparrows.

"Goldfinch."

_Arranmore._--May 4th, six Goldfinches "come to build." Valentia.--Oct. 6th, four Goldfinches. Nov. 8th, five. Dec. 18th, eighteen.

[The Goldfinch is now rare and local in Ireland; hence inverted commas.]

Linnet.

_Galley Head._--March 4th, one hundred or more going N. May 21st, flocks of small birds, "taken to be Linnets," going N.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--March 9th, two Linnets flying westward.

_Tuskar Rock._--March 18th, 10 p.m. to 5 a.m., continually striking, seven killed; wind fresh S.W., fog. April 21st, 10.30 p.m. to 4 a.m., continually striking, five killed; wind fresh S.E., fog.

_Clare Island._--Flocks of "Grey Linnets" noticed on March 6th, 10th, 28th; April 11th, 27th; May 3rd, 30th; and June 20th. The flocks were continuous on March 28th and April 11th.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 29th, flocks of Linnets pitched on island.

_Galley Head._--Dec. 13th, Linnets going south.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 8th, Linnets and Finches.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Nov. 8th, six Linnets flying N.W.; 15th, seven Linnets. Dec. 7th, three Linnets alighted on ship; 19th, one ditto.

_Tuskar Rock._--July 27th, Green Linnets striking; also on Aug. 6th and 9th; Oct. 9th and 13th.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 21st, about "thirty Chaffinches or Linnets."

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 6th, about sixty; 7th, eight; 12th to 18th, several; frost.

_Rockabill._--Oct. 12th, Linnets. Dec. 20th, Green Linnets all day.

_Rathlin Island._--Aug. 7th, flocks; 19th, ditto. Sept. 12th, twenty-eight Green Linnets. Oct. 1st, thirty Grey Linnets; 18th, Grey Linnets. Seen also on Nov. 1st and 3rd; and on 14th several flocks arrived and apparently remained on island some time. During December several flocks seen at intervals. Jan. 3rd, 1883, one flock.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 10th to 13th, flocks of Grey Linnets all day; six or eight struck lantern, none killed; 15th, flocks. Dec. 31st, Green and Grey Linnets; flocks of 100 to 150.

_Lough Swilly._--Oct. 12th, Linnets. Dec. 24th, flocks of Linnets.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 24th, forty Grey Linnets.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Oct. 28th, ten Grey Linnets.

_Killybegs._--Oct. 26th, twenty-five to thirty Grey Linnets; left same day, going south. "They were accompanied by several small birds of different species."

_Broadhaven._--Dec. 2nd, twenty-five Linnets. Jan. 7th, 1883, seven.

_Slyne Head, North._--Sept. 28th, twelve Linnets. Oct. 27th, three.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 5th, large flock. Nov. 12th, thirty to forty.

_Straw Island._--Sept. 13th, thirty Linnets. Remained ten days on island.

_Valentia._--Oct. 6th, ten. Nov. 4th, two; 20th, ten. Dec. 6th to 20th, eight to twenty at intervals.

_Skelligs._--Oct. 12th, twelve "Buntings" perched on island.

"Bullfinch."

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 9th, one Bullfinch; 10th, three Bullfinches; wind strong S.W.

_Tuskar Rock._--July 27th, Aug. 5th, 9th, and 31st, Sept. 6th, Oct. 13th, Bullfinches constantly striking. "This is a bird like the Green Linnet, but more white on the outside of the wing." (Chaffinch?).

Starling.

_South Maidens Light._--May 11th, two dozen Starlings, 11 am., misty fog.

_Rathlin Island._--April 15th, seven remained all day; 27th, they are building here. June 10th, Starlings left.

_Galley Head._--Sept. 18th, forty to fifty Starlings going N. Oct. 9th, continuous flocks passing N.; 20th, flocks of 100 to 300, remaining in locality. Dec. 13th, Starlings going S.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Nov. 2nd, 300 Starlings; 4th, 400 or 500. Dec. 8th, hundreds.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Nov. 12th, fifty flying N.; 15th, eight flying N.E. Dec. 9th, flocks going N.; 12th, one caught on board.

_Tuskar Rock._--Aug. 31st, Starlings striking. Oct. 8th and 13th, Nov. 14th, ditto.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, Starlings about lantern; 27th, two. Nov. 6th and 11th, flocks going W. Dec. 11th, two.

_Howth Baily._--Nov. 7th, large flock; 14th, ditto. Dec. 4th, fifty; 12th to 18th, several; frost.

_Rockabill._--Dec. 12th, Starlings.

_Rathlin Island._--Nov. 6th, three. Dec. 16th, flocks.

_Innishtrahull._--Nov. 7th, a flock of eight or nine.

_Oyster Island, North._--Dec. 4th, large flock passing S.W.

_Clare Island._--Dec. 6th, two flocks.

_Slyne Head, North._--Aug. 30th, two Starlings. Dec. 24th, three; 27th, forty.

_Straw Island._--Nov. 10th, 120. Dec. 7th, forty. Jan. 11th, 1883, forty.

_Arran Island, South._--Oct. 18th, thirty "Stares."

_Tearaght._--Dec. 15th, about 150 Starlings; 21st, 100.

_Skelligs._--Dec. 5th, twenty came to island; 12th, forty.

_Dursey Island._--Oct. 16th, forty; 20th, large flock going S.E. Nov. 14th, twenty going E. Dec. 10th and 13th, large flocks going S.E.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 11th, small flocks; 17th, 21st, some seen; 25th, one killed against lantern.

Chough.

_Rathlin Island._--June 5th, Red-legged Crows. "They make their home here."

_Blacksod._--April 27th, about eight Choughs. Seldom seen at this station. June 17th, four to six Choughs going S.

Raven.

_Black Rock, Mayo._--May 23rd, thirty-six "Ravens," 7 a.m.; wind light W. "It is remarkable to see so many of these birds together, as there is seldom more than three or four."

_Slyne Head, South._--June 22nd, two Ravens.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 5th, two Ravens.

Hooded Crow.

_Rathlin Island._--April 13th, six White-backed Crows. "They never leave."

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 23rd, four "Saddle-backed Crows." Two of these Crows remained and nested in cliff.

_Broadhaven._--April 20th, two "Scar Crows" going S.W.

_Clare Island._--April 20th, flocks of Grey Crow. May 5th, ditto, going S.

_Slyne Head, North._--March 3rd, seven Grey Crows; 6th, eleven ditto.

_Dursey Island._--April 9th, six Grey Crows going S.E. June 4th, 12th, Grey Crows going N.E.

_Gaily Head._--Dec. 30th, the Grey-backed Crow has disappeared.

_Howth Baily._--Jan. 6th, 1883, flock of forty flying E.

_Rathlin Island._--Sept. 16th, "five Grey-backed Crows or Choughs" (Jackdaws?). They breed on the island. Dec. 12th, two "White-backed."

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 6th, ten Grey Crows at all hours. They breed on island.

_Lough Swilly._--Dec. 5th, one Grey-backed Crow; 24th, two.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 5th, four.

_Straw Island._--Nov. 30th, four. Dec. 15th, five.

_Valentia._--Nov. 12th, four. Dec. 8th, twenty.

_Dursey Island._--Aug. 22nd and 25th, eight; one or two seen also on Oct. 9th, Nov. 11th, and Dec. 24th.

_Dungarvan._--Dec. 5th, two.

Rooks.

_Tuskar Rock._--April 6th, one flock, 7 a.m., going W., wind light E.N.E.; 21st, one flock going W.

_Arklow Bank, South._--April 11th, one "Crow" going N.W.

_Rathlin Island._--April 14th, thirty "Black Crows," coming from Scotland, wind strong N.E.; 23rd, forty Black Crows, coming from Scotland, wind light N.W., foggy. May 5th, fifteen Black Crows. June 23rd and 30th, several.

_Lough Swilly._--June 4th, flights of Rooks. July 1st and 15th, great numbers of Books; 31st, a few.

_Blacksod._--April 13th, large flock of Crows (Books) all day constantly passing. May 22nd, Books.

_Clare Island._--March 20th, two large flocks of Black Crows going N.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 26th, flock of Books coming from the N.E. June 12th, one flock of Crows (Rooks?). July 21st, flocks of Books flying in different directions.

_Straw Island._--May 11th, 100 Crows (Rooks?).

_Valentia._--April 21st, a few Crows; also on May 21st.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--April 17th, one Crow going N.W.; 24th, one alighted on ship.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 14th, three; 15th, six; 24th, sixty flying W.

_Rockabill._--Dec. 12th, Black Crows alighted on the rocks.

_Rathlin Island._--Aug. 13th, thirty. Sept. 10th, ditto. Oct. 6th, forty; 19th, forty. Nov. 13th, thirteen. In all these cases going S. A few seen on Dec. 11th, 12th, and 22nd.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 7th, eight "Black Crows." Dec. 10th, one.

_Tory Island._--Nov. 29th, eight Crows.

_Oyster Island, North._--Oct. 12th, twenty Rooks going inland.

_Clare Island._--Jan. 4th, 1883, six.

_Slyne Head, North._--Oct. 27th, four. Dec. 27th, ten.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 4th, about forty; Oct. 12th, a very large flock passing to opposite shore. They return about sunset.

_Valentia._--Oct. 8th, four; 24th, five.

_Skelligs._--Dec. 13th, twenty going E.

Jackdaw.

_Tearaght._--Dec. 10th, two; 17th, one.

Magpie.

_Lough Swilly._--Oct. 5th, one Magpie, 11 a.m.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 10th, two.

Swallow.

_Galley Head._--May 12th, from thirty to fifty Swallows going N.W.

_Mine Head._--April 21st, twelve Swallows, noon, wind S.S.E., strong, cloudy; the first arrivals.

_Tuskar Rock._--April 24th, one, 8.20 a.m., going W.

_Arklow Bank, South._--April 5th, two going N.W.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--April 18th, two going S.E.

_Dunree Head._--June 15th, flock of Swallows.

_Lough Swilly._--May 4th, a few; the first this season.

_Arranmore._--May 6th, four came to build.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--May 4th, twelve Swallows "of the Martin species"; 16th, six or seven Swallows.

_Blacksod._--June 10th, ten to twenty Swallows; the first seen.

_Slyne Head, North._--May 17th, nine.

_Slyne Head, South._--June 7th, four.

_Skelligs._--June 2nd, two flying about island.

_Tuskar Rock._--Oct. 4th, two flying about; also on Oct. 14th.

_Innishtrahull._--Aug. 12th, one "Black Swallow" (Swift?), last seen for season.

Martin.

_Mine Head._--July 4th, six Martins.

_Oyster Island, North._--May 3rd, about fifteen Martins. They breed in the neighbourhood.

Cuckoo.

_Mine Head._--May 1st, Cuckoo first heard.

_Rathlin Island._--May 10th, five Cuckoos.

_Arranmore._--May 3rd, two Cuckoos arrived.

_Oyster Island, North._--May 8th, heard first Cuckoo.

"Kingfisher."

_Black Rock, Mayo._--April 20th to May 1st, one or two "Kingfishers" at sunrise. "When started they make in the direction of the Bangor River between Belmullet and Ballina."

Pigeons.

_Rathlin Island._--June 10th, seven Rock Pigeons.

_Lough Swilly._--April 6th, some Pigeons.

_Blacksod._--April 8th, sixteen. May 19th, Pigeons 8 a.m. till sunset.

_Clare Island._--April 7th, four small flocks going S.E.; 11th, continuous flocks going S.; 20th, ditto. May 10th, three small flocks going N.W.; 20th, two flocks going W. June 6th and 17th, three flocks.

_Dursey Island._--April 14th, fourteen Wild Pigeons going N.E. May 15th, twenty Wild Pigeons going N.E.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 14th, nine flying S.

_Rockabill._--Dec. 13th, nine flying S.

_Rathlin Island._--Dec. 13th, flocks of Pigeons.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 10th, flock of eight Pigeons. They breed on island.

_Lough Swilly._--Oct. 5th, Pigeons in flocks; 9th, 12th, 28th, ditto.

_Clare Island._--Nov. 5th, large flock. Dec. 22nd, ditto.

_Arran Island, North._--Aug. 3rd, four going S.

_Arran Island, South._--Nov. 17th, four. Dec. 6th, thirty.

_Dungarvan._--Dec. 29th, ten "Woodguests" flying about. Jan. 15th, 1883, six flying inland.

Quail.

_Innishtrahull._--Sept. 11th, one caught.

Golden and "Grey" Plover.

_Copeland Island._--April 20th to 26th, some flocks seen on island; twelve killed against lantern.

_South Maidens._--April 10th, three dozen "Plover," 4.30 p.m.

_Innishtrahull._--Seen all the month of February during several days, and on May 8th.

_Black Rock, Mayo._--From March 1st to May 20th, Golden Plover. These birds never rest here, except when migrating.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 14th, three Plover (? Golden); one struck the lantern, 2 a.m.

_Galley Head._--Dec. 10th, continuous flocks of "Grey and Golden" Plover, from 50 to 100 in a flock, passing to the south; frost.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 7th, some hundreds of Golden Plover; 8th, hundreds of Plover; 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 16th, ditto, going south.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--Dec. 10th, about sixty Plover flying S.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Dec. 11th, two flocks going S.W.

_Copeland Island._--Nov. 9th, some flocks of Grey Plover on island off and on during the month.

_South Maidens._--Aug. 11th, a flock of Plover.

_Rathlin Island._--Oct. 22nd, sixteen "Grey" Plover remain here. Nov. 7th, twenty; 19th, forty coming from N. Dec. 13th and 16th, flocks of Golden Plover.

_Tory Island._--Dec. 10th, "Grey" Plover; 11th, four Golden Plover; 15th, nine "Grey" Plover.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Oct. 4th, forty Golden Plover. Dec. 14th, thirty.

_Killybegs._--Sept. 23rd, about forty "Grey Plover" remained several days. Oct. 8th, fourteen. Dec. 10th, about 100. These remained while the frost continued, when they flew inland.

_Broadhaven._--Dec. 2nd, twelve Plover.

_Valentia._--Dec. 8th, fifty Golden Plover; 19th, twenty remained.

_Dursey Island._--Dec. 8th, forty going S.W.; 9th, large flocks of Grey and Golden Plover all day going S.W.; 12th, ten.

_Dungarvan._--Dec. 15th, some "Grey Plovers."

Green Plover.

_Rathlin Island._--April 16th, eight remained in vicinity two days; 26th, seven, remained all day.

_Innishtrahull._--March 5th, Lapwing Plover. May 10th, ditto.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 7th, hundreds of Green Plover; 14th, ditto.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 10th, two; 11th, forty flying S.W.; 12th to 18th, several; frost.

_Rockabill._--Dec. 16th, Green Plover going S.

_Copeland Island._--Nov. 9th, some flocks of Lapwings on island during this month.

_Rathlin Island._--Nov. 28th, six. Dec. 2nd, seven; 10th, 11th, 13th, and 16th, flocks.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 12th, twelve Lapwings; first seen this season.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 5th, three; 20th, one. Nov. 5th, one.

_Killybegs._--Oct. 3rd, eight Lapwings. These were in neighbourhood all the summer.

_Oyster Island, North._--Dec. 1st, twenty-five Lapwings; 12th, ten.

_Slyne Head, North._--Nov. 10th, two.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 11th, small flocks; 15th, large flocks; 17th, some; 30th, very large flocks. Dec. 15th, several.

Turnstone.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 11th, eight.

"Sea Larks."

_Blacksod._--July 12th, twelve Sea Larks.

_Howth Baily._--Jan. 6th, 1883, seven "Sand Larks" on strand.

_Rockabill._--Nov. 3rd, "Sand Larks."

_Innishtrahull._--Aug. 12th, six or eight "Sand Larks," and daily during winter.

_Arranmore._--Oct. 20th, one "Sandpiper." Nov. 4th, one.

Seapie.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 13th, four "Sepoys," 4.30 p.m., wind strong S.W.; 26th, six "Sepoys." June 2nd and 10th, several "Sepoys."

_Howth Baily._--Jan 6th, 1883, flock of eighty to one hundred "Sepoys" flying about cliffs.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 6th, flock of twelve "Sepoys."

_Oyster Island, North._--Oct. 9th, seven remained some time. Dec. 31st, several.

Heron.

_Blacksod._--June 7th, three to five "Cranes." Seldom seen here.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 10th, one; 12th, one.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 8th, one at lake. Dec. 5th, one "Crane."

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 27th, two. Seldom seen here.

_Skelligs._--Dec. 11th, one going E.

Dungarvan.--Jan. 16th, 1883, one flying seaward.

Curlew and Whimbrel.

_Galley Head._--May 8th, flocks of from ten to twenty "May-birds," or Curlew, going N.

_Mine Head._--May 3rd, nine "May-birds."

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--May 6th and 8th, eight to ten "May-birds" flying N.W.

_Rathlin Island._--May 2nd, 5 a.m., ten Curlews; 8th, eight Curlews; 12th, ten May-birds or Curlews. Seen also on June 3rd, 21st, and 29th going S.

_Innishtrahull._--March 5th, seen. April, in flocks. May, some seen. In June and July, the only birds which visit the island, except sea-birds.

_Lough Swilly._--May 16th and 17th, flocks of "Whimbrel Curlew."

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 13th, one Curlew. A few seen on March 25th, and from June 2nd to 8th.

_Oyster Island, North._--May 3rd to 7th, fifteen to twenty "young Curlews, commonly called May-birds."

_Blacksod._--April 5th, about twenty Curlews going N.W.; April 9th, twelve birds seen; 18th, several flocks. May 13th to 22nd, continuous flocks passing inland. A few on July 5th and 20th.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 11th, flock of Curlews. May 3rd, one flock known by the name of "May-birds" in this locality. "They resemble the Curlew in form and colour, but not so large; they remain in this locality for two or three months each year, and are rarely seen before May." They departed early in July this year; 10th, one flock of Curlews going S. July 21st, flocks of Curlews.

_Slyne Head, South._--May 17th, nine "May-fowls" flew to N.E.; 30th, five ditto.

_Valentia._--During April frequently, and May 13th, 16th, 25th. On May 13th the entry is "young Curlew" (perhaps Whimbrel).

_Skelligs._--Jan. 8th, ten Curlews going S.

_Dursey Island._--May 2nd to 7th, Curlews at intervals going N.W.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 13th, flocks of 200 to 300 Curlews, first arrived on this day.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 6th, fifteen Curlews; 10th, thirty; 12th to 18th, several; frost. Jan. 15th, 1883, large flock.

_Copeland Island._--Sept. 21st, large flocks of Curlews.

_Rathlin Island._--Aug. 3rd, seven Curlews; 12th, five; 21st, three. Sept. 2nd, seven; 20th, twelve. Oct. 25th, six. Dec. 7th, eight; and at intervals to end of month.

_Innishtrahull._--Aug. 12th, flocks of ten or twelve, and daily during winter.

_Dunree Head._--Dec. 11th, great flock of Curlews passed.

_Lough Swilly._--Oct. 5th, Curlews in flocks; Oct. 9th, 12th, Nov. 1st, 30th, Dec. 6th and 14th, ditto.

_Killybegs._--Sept. 5th, about seventy Curlews; they remained until middle of October, some during winter months.

_Oyster Island, North._--Nov. 11th, about fifty; remained on island. Seen also on Dec. 12th, 31st; and Jan. 9th to 13th, 1883.

_Clare Island._--Nov. 3rd, thirty going N. Dec. 22nd, large flocks. Jan. 10th, 1883, large flocks.

_Arran Island, North._--Dec. 9th, four; 16th, seven.

_Straw Island._--Sept. 30th, twenty-five "young Curlews." Nov. 27th. twenty.

_Arran Island, South._--Curlews always on island.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 11th, three passing inland.

_Valentia._--"Curlews at all times here."

_Skelligs._--Oct. 3rd, six going N. Dec. 19th, eight.

_Dursey Island._--Entries occur in September at frequent intervals. Oct. 3rd, 26th, and Dec. 14th and 17th.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 21st, large flocks.

Woodcock.

_Slyne Head, South._--May 7th, two Woodcocks, 11 a.m. None struck lantern for last six months.

_Skelligs._--Jan. 19th, two Woodcocks perched on island.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Nov. 20th, three Woodcocks. Dec. 5th, five; 6th, twenty; 7th, eighteen; 8th, ten; 9th, twenty.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 6th, one; 12th, one; 14th, one.

_Rathlin Island._--Dec. 13th, Woodcocks.

_Arranmore._--Nov. 12th, one. Dec. 10th, four.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Dec. 17th, one.

_Killybegs._--Nov. 5th, two killed. Dec. 10th, three (shot two).

_Arran Island, South._--Oct. 26th, three. Nov. 20th, two.

_Skelligs._--Dec. 14th, two.

_Dursey Island._--Dec. 11th, two going S.E.

_Dungarvan._--Dec. 11th, two.

Snipe.

_Slyne Head, North._--March 12th, 4 a.m., one Snipe killed against lantern.

_Slyne Head, South._--May 16th, three Snipe, 7 a.m.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Nov. 4th, ten Snipe. Dec. 6th, thirty; 9th, sixty Snipe; 15th, sixty to one hundred.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 12th, two.

_Innishtrahull._--Oct. 6th, one. Nov. 7th, two; 19th to end of month, some frequented island.

_Lough Swilly._--Dec. 14th, two.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 5th, one. Dec. 11th, five.

_Arranmore._--Dec. 10th, 11th, and 16th, a few.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Dec. 16th, two; 17th, six.

_Skelligs._--Dec. 15th, four. Jan. 5th, 1883, one; 8th, two.

Corn Crake.

_Mine Head._--May 1st, first heard in the night.

_Tuskar Rock._--Aug. 22nd, one Corn. Crake going N.W. The third seen here for the last two and a half years.

Waterhen.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 15th, Waterhen seen; plentiful on a lake near.

_Rockabill._--Dec. 12th, Waterhen.

_Innishtrahull._--Dec. 16th, one "Moorhen."

Coot.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 15th, Coot seen; plentiful on a lake near.

Geese.

_Innishtrahull._--Feb. 13th, Barnacles in flocks of from twelve to twenty, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. "These birds passed more or less during this month, but particularly on the 13th."

_Rathlin O'Birne._--March 21st, eight Barnacles. Have not seen Barnacles at this time of year before. They left next morning.

_Oyster Island, North._--Feb. 21st to 26th, large flocks of Barnacles, seen between 8 and 10 p.m. Noticed passing against the rays of light. They all left the neighbourhood.

_Broadhaven._--April 5th and 16th, Barnacles seen going N.; 9th and 15th, Geese going N.

_Howth Baily._--Jan. 9th, 1883, thirteen Barnacles or Wild Geese flying E.

_Copeland Island._--Dec. 18th, three flocks of Wild Geese passed over island, going inland.

_Rathlin Island._--Dec. 18th and 26th, two Wild Geese.

_Innishtrahull._--Nov. 5th, three Barnacles flying S.E.

_Dunree Head._--Oct. 10th, flock of Barnacles passed up lough; 20th, great flock of Wild Geese passed. Nov. 7th, Barnacles. Dec. 21st, flock of Wild Geese.

_Lough Swilly._--Nov. 2nd, two flocks of Wild Geese going S.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 17th, one Wild Goose.

_Arranmore._--Nov. 12th, one Barnacle. Dec. 8th, one; 9th, thirty-two; 18th, several.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Nov. 8th, seven Barnacles; 14th, four. Dec. 10th and 26th, several.

_Killybegs._--Nov. 13th, nineteen flying S., very high; 16th, two flocks flying S. Dec. 4th, seventeen going S.

_Oyster Island, North._--Sept. 21st, twelve Barnacles going S.; 26th, thirty going S. Oct. 5th and 8th, several flocks going S.; 17th, 20th, 25th, ditto. Nov. 5th, 20th, Dec. 25th, flocks passing into harbour.

_Broadhaven._--Dec. 2nd, thirteen Wild Geese.

_Clare Island._--Oct. 20th, a large flock of Wild Geese going S.

_Slyne Head, North._--Nov. 10th, seven Barnacles. Dec. 7th, fifteen.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 7th, Barnacles in large numbers in the bay, and continued plentiful up to date of sending schedule, Jan. 15th, 1883.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 15th, five Wild Geese; 16th, four going E. Dec. 11th, seven.

Swans.

_Lough Swilly._--"June 1st to 3rd, some Wild Swans on lake in neighbourhood; unusual at this season."

_Rathlin Island._--Nov. 22nd, seven White Swans. "Remained on island some hours till two were shot."

_Killybegs._--Dec. 14th, six Swans flying south at a great height.

Ducks.

_Copeland Island._--March 14th to 28th, Teal and Widgeon seen at intervals in small flocks of four to ten, passing over station from mainland, going N.E. or towards Scotch coast.

_Broadhaven._--April 5th, five Wild Ducks going N. May 13th, two Wild Ducks going N.W.

_Blacksod._--April 8th, eleven.

_Clare Island._--March 3rd, large flock. April 2nd, four large flocks; 14th, two flocks. In these three cases birds going S. or S.W. On June 26th, Wild Ducks going N.

_Galley Head._--Nov. 18th, some Ducks coming to the bogs.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Dec. 13th, twenty-six Teal Ducks, six "Black Ducks," one shot. "These Ducks, I know, are not native of this country."

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--Dec. 7th, twenty Wild Ducks flying S.; 10th, flock of thirty Widgeon ditto.

_Tuskar Rock._--Nov. 14th, seven Sheldrakes killed striking.

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--Oct. 7th, a flock of Widgeon (supposed); 19th, flock of Ducks. Nov. 12th, ditto. Dec. 29th, four Ducks.

_Howth Baily._--Oct 29th, eight Wild Ducks. Dec. 12th, three. Jan. 14th, 1883, six Widgeon.

_Copeland Island._--Oct. 8th, continuous flocks of Ducks passing over island and going inland, three to twelve in each flock.

_South Maidens._--Sept. 10th, a flock of Sheldrakes.

_Rathlin Island._--Sept. 25th, two Teals.

_Innishtrahull._--Sept. 8th, one shot; 9th, two seen. Oct. 6th, Teal, two. Nov. 7th, Wild Duck shot. Dec. 10th, two to four; 21st, one.

_Dunree Head._--Nov. 7th, Wild Duck; 16th, flock of Widgeon.

_Tory Island._--Nov. 7th, Sheldrake shot, wind S., stormy. Dec. 9th, one Wild Duck.

_Killybegs._--Sept. 19th, thirteen Wild Ducks; remained about until sending in schedule in January.

_Oyster Island, North._--Oct. 17th, flocks of Widgeon; 25th, large flocks. Dec. 18th, large flock.

_Broadhaven._--Nov. 25th, six Wild Ducks.

_Straw Island._--Nov. 25th, forty Ducks. Dec. 5th, twenty-five. Jan. 9th, 1883, thirteen.

_Arran Island, South._--Nov. 17th, twenty Wild Ducks.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 7th, Duck; 18th, twenty.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 13th, five; 18th, fifty. Dec. 11th, Ducks and Teal, several; 24th, several flocks of Teal. Jan: 3rd, 1883, thirty Wild Ducks.

Merganser.

_Dungarvan._--Nov. 18th, three flying into bay; 28th, ten swimming towards land. Dec. 26th, two.

Northern Diver.

_Skelligs._--June 1st, one Northern Diver in the water.

_Tuskar Rock._--Jan. 11th, 1883, one Northern Diver. The "Black Divers" leave here about May 1st, and begin to return in October.

_Howth Baily._--Dec. 5th, one Northern Diver swimming about; 14th, ditto.

_Clare Island._--Dec. 27th, three Northern Divers.

Guillemot.

_Tearaght._--First seen on Feb. 21st. Commence to lay about May 20th.

_Skelligs._--Feb. 12th, forty Guillemots going N. March 27th, flocks going N. Numbers about island during April, May, and June.

_Tearaght._--Jan. 8th and 9th, 1883, about a dozen.

_Skelligs._--Aug. 1st, flock departing. Oct. 31st, flock seen going S. Nov. 10th, flock fishing.

Puffin.

_Galley Head._--Continuous flocks on Feb. 27th, March 18th and 21st, and from April 10th to 30th, also during May; in all cases going W.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--May 14th, continuous flocks; also on 16th and 20th, going N.; after May 20th to end of month going S.

_Oyster Island, North._--March 13th, several flocks of Puffins in the bay. May 18th to 24th, several flocks.

_Broadhaven._--June 18th to 20th, flocks of Puffins. A few on June 30th and July 12th.

_Eagle Island, West._--June, large numbers of Puffins.

_Black Rock, Mayo._--From April 20th to Aug. 15th, large numbers of Puffins at intervals.

_Blacksod._--April 18th, thirty Puffins. June 16th, eleven Puffins going S.E.

_Clare Island._--March 22nd, continuous flocks of Puffins going S.W. April 4th, ditto, going S.

_Slyne Head, North._--April 10th, continuous flocks of Puffins arrived during day. June 17th, large and continuous flocks of Puffins have arrived in vicinity.

_Straw Island._--April 14th, 150 Puffins or Sea Parrot, 5.10 a.m.

_Tearaght._--April 1st, the Puffin arrived, a few only; 5th, they completely covered the island this day.

_Skelligs._--March 23rd, flocks of Puffins about island. Numbers around island to end of June (date of sending schedule).

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Nov. 15th, flocks flying S.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--Dec. 13th to 16th, continuous flocks flying E. and S.

_Howth Baily._--Puffins disappeared about middle of December.

_Dunree Head._--Aug. 17th, flocks.

_Killybegs._--Oct. 30th, 100 to 150 Puffins; they were here during the summer and up to this date.

_Slyne Head, North._--A few Puffins at intervals to Nov. 7th.

_Arran Island, North._--Nov. 8th, twenty Puffins.

_Straw Island._--Oct. 23rd, thirty.

_Skelligs._--Aug. 5th, flocks departing.

Razorbill.

_Skelligs._--March 28th, flock of Razorbills; continued about the island during April, May, and June. Aug. 1st, flock departing. Jan. 3rd, 1883, flock going S. A few on Jan. 9th and 11th fishing.

Cormorant.

_Black Rock, Mayo._--April 20th to Aug. 15th, two to six Cormorants; they breed on coast.

_Blacksod._--April 27th, Cormorants seen all day.

_Dursey Island._--A few Cormorants seen on April 11th, 27th, May 20th, June 22nd.

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Nov. 9th, two Cormorants remained around ship.

_Innishtrahull._--Nov. 5th, Cormorants to be seen frequently; they breed on a rock near the mainland called the Stark.

_Tory Island._--Dec. 10th, four Cormorants.

_Arran Island, North._--A few seen ab intervals; last entry, Oct. 2nd.

_Straw Island._--Dec. 22nd, eleven.

_Samphire Island._--Oct. 19th, four.

_Valentia._--At intervals during October and November resting on rock.

Gannet.

_Galley Head._--Continuous flocks are noted on the following dates:--Feb. 27th, March 5th to 13th, 21st, April 10th to 30th, and in June. In every instance where the direction of flight is entered, they were going W.

_Arklow Bank, South._--Small flocks, two to twelve birds in each, are noted as frequently passing from April 1st to June 7th, going in various directions, generally N.E.

_Kish Light-ship._--May 5th, one seen; 14th, two seen.

_Copeland Island._--Flocks between April 1st and 16th, two to twenty birds in each, pass daily, all going N.

_Rathlin Island._--Flocks at intervals between April 6th and June 28th; most numerous in the end of May and June. Direction of flight either E. or W.

_Lough Swilly._--Flocks at intervals between April 29th and July 18th; most in July.

_Arranmore._--Passing in June and July.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--At intervals from March 17th to July; generally in small flocks of six to eight birds.

_Oyster Island, North._--A few Gannets seen on March 6th, and between May 18th and 24th a large number of "both white and dark-coloured" (old and young) were seen in bay.

_Broadhaven._--At intervals between April 9th and end of July, generally ten to twelve in a flock. Most frequently in June and July. Direction of flight variable.

_Eagle Island, West._--In March five or six flocks of Gannets coming from S. In May, June, and July, numbers in the vicinity.

_Eagle Island, East._--Here the only birds seen were Gannets, which passed daily during April and May every quarter or half-hour.

_Black Rock, Mayo._--Flocks from April 1st to June 1st.

_Blacksod._--April 17th, five Gannets. Seldom seen at this station.

_Clare Island._--Flocks noted on March 1st, and on June 11th.

_Slyne Head, North._--Seen on May 8th and June 3rd; large flocks, also on April 4th and 9th.

_Slyne Head, South._--July 10th, continuous flocks of Gannets.

_Arran Island, North._--May 6th to 13th, flocks of Gannets appeared going S.

_Straw Island._--April 28th, five Gannets.

_Valentia._--Seen April 1st, May 27th, and at intervals in June.

_Skelligs._--Constantly seen in the neighbourhood, the Lesser Skellig being the only Irish breeding-station.

_Dursey Head._--At intervals during April, a few birds. Large flocks on May 8th. Several birds on May 18th and July 10th.

_Old Head, Kinsale._--Sept. 20th, twenty Gannets. On Jan. 11th, 1883, "Gannets continue to pass South."

_Coningbeg Light-ship._--Four or five at intervals between Nov. 21st and Dec. 12th.

_Barrels Rock Light-ship._--During the month of November great numbers of Gannets feeding about the' ship. Flocks noted on Dec. 3rd, 4th, and 5th, and five seen on 20th.

_Tuskar Rock._--"At any time of the year that fish are about the rock Gannets are here."

_Kish Bank Light-ship._--A few on Oct. 18th and 23rd, going S.

_Copeland Island._--Gannets each day in vicinity during September, after fish.

_Rathlin Island._--Flocks of Gannets frequently during August, September, and October.

_Innishtrahull._--Gannets generally in summer months.

_Dunree Head._--Sept. 4th, great numbers passed into Lough Swilly; 18th, passed out of Lough.

_Lough Swilly._--Oct. 2nd and 4th, a number of Gannets in vicinity; 16th, ditto, old and young birds.

_Tory Island._--Oct. 12th, continuous flocks from E. to W. A few birds seen on Oct. 21st and Nov. 9th.

_Rathlin O'Birne._--Oct. 20th, continuous flocks going S.: 22nd, hovering about all day.

_Killybegs._--Oct. 16th to 18th, rush of Gannets and Gulls: they remained until middle of November, when they departed, taking a south-westerly course.