Chapter VIII: MISCELLANEOUS.--The Repair of the Burned Models after the Patent (4)

(23) H. P. writes: Please give me the advantages and disadvantages of substituting a galvanized iron tube 18 inches in diameter and 20 feet high for a wood tank, 5 feet wide and 6 deep, as a container of water in a dwelling house in the country. Would the narrower body of water keep fresh or sweet longer, etc.? Also the thickness of iron necessary to safety, and the number of gallons of water this tube would hold. A. The advantages are in favor of the wooden tank; zinc lined vessels (galvanized) are unsuitable for reservoirs for potable water. See p. 369, vol. 36, SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. 0.3 inch iron would be stout enough. A pipe of the dimensions specified would contain about 327 gallons when full.

(24) F. L. M. asks: 1. What is the process by which wire is given a copper finish? A. Clean the wire by pickling it for a short time in very dilute sulphuric acid and scouring with sand if necessary. Then pass the clean wire through a strong bath of copper sulphate dissolved in water. 2. Can wire be thus finished and also annealed? If so, how? A. The wire should be annealed first. 3. What other finish can be put on iron wire (annealed), and by what process? A. Zinc--by passing the clean wire through molten zinc covered with sal ammoniac; tin--by drawing the wire through a bath of molten tin covered with tallow.

MINERALS, ETC.--Specimens have been received from the following correspondents, and examined, with the results stated:

J. H. McF.--A fine quality of kaolin.--F. C. H.--The floury powder consists chiefly, if not altogether, of calcium carbonate.--C. L. G.--They are all silicious limestones. We cannot judge fairly of their value for building purposes from the powders sent.--D. K.--Ferruginous earth or marl.--A. E.--It is a partially decomposed feldspar. The white powder is for the most part an impure, silicious, kaolin.--E. H.--It consists chiefly of basic carbonate and hydrated oxide of lead--poisonous.--J. B. V.--It is a fair quality of pipe clay--impure silicate of alumina--probably worth about $2 per ton in New York.

* * * * *

=COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.=

The Editor of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN acknowledges with much pleasure the receipt of original papers and contributions on the following subjects:

Religion. By W. M. E.
Cause of Explosion in Flouring Mills. By G. M.

* * * * *

[OFFICIAL.]

INDEX OF INVENTIONS

FOR WHICH

=Letters Patent of the United States were Granted in the Week Ending=

=May 28, 1878,=

=AND EACH BEARING THAT DATE.=

[Those marked (r) are reissued patents.]

A complete copy of any patent in the annexed list, including both the specifications and drawings, will be furnished from this office for one dollar. In ordering, please state the number and date of the patent desired and remit to Munn & Co., 37 Park Row, New York city.

Acid, recovering waste sulphuric, A. Penissat 204,244
Axle box slide, car, G. Williams 204,178
Axle nut, adjustable, O. B. Thompson 204,399
Axles, sand guard for carriage, M. C. Nay 204,164
Baker and cooker, steam, J. A. McClure 204,353
Bale tie, L. Arnold 204,183
Bale tie, Wynkoop & Bloomingdale 204,409
Barrel and box, moth-proof, M. L. Thompson 204,263
Barrel for shipping bottled liquors, S. Strauss 204,259
Barrel washer, H. Binder 204,288
Bed bottom, T. & O. Howe 204,222
Bed bottom, G. S. Walker 204,401
Bedstead, wardrobe, Hand & Caulier 204,321
Bedstead, wardrobe, E. Kiss 204,340
Bedstead, invalid attachment for, T. T. Kendrick. 204,232
Belting, rubber, C. T. Petchell 204,368
Bending links, machine for, H. E. Grant 204,316
Boiler brooms, operating, A. C. Cock 204,200
Boilers, removing sediment from, T. C. Purves 204,250
Boots and shoes, making, Hurst & Miller 204,330
Bottle stopper, H. Martin 204,350
Bottle stopper fastener, L. Kutscher 204,341
Brake, car, J. Ramsey, Jr. 204,372
Brake for railway carriages, R. D. Sanders 204,378
Brake for railway trains, safety, L. Blanck 204,186
Brake, horse, I. Spitz 204,258
Brake pipes on cars, coupling, F. A. Sheeley 204,383
Brake shoe, W. McConway (r) 8,255
Brick kiln, E. F. Andrews 204,182
Bridge eyes, making, A. Schneiderlochner 204,381
Bridge, self-adjusting, B. Williams 204,407
Buckle, trace, Landon & Decker 204,342
Burial apparatus, Patterson & Wheeler 204,366
Burial casket, W. Hamilton 204,320
Can, fish, bait, and oyster, R. Roney 204,168
Can, refrigerating, transportation, W. A. Moore 204,239
Car coupling, L. Gasser 204,313
Car coupling, C. Gifford 204,212
Car coupling, C. A. Roberts 204,251
Car, sleeping, A. Jaeger 204,230
Cars, dust arrester for railway, A. Clarke 204,134
Carbureter, gas and air, Dusenbury & Winn 204,413
Carriage seats, corner iron for, W. B. C. Hershey 204,326
Carriages, reversible handle for, A. Shoeninger 204,385
Casting apparatus, J. Duff 204,307
Castings, moulding dovetails, Burdick & Easterly 204,129
Celluloid, etc., core and tube former, J. W. Hyatt 204,227
Celluloid tubes and hollow articles, J. W. Hyatt 204,228
Celluloid bar or spring coater, Hyatt & Burroughs 204,229
Chair, convertible, M. V. Lunger 204,346
Chair, invalid, E. C. Jones 204,231
Chair, rocking, L. Rausch 204,373
Chuck, A. Saunders 204,254
Churn, Barrett & Smith 204,124
Churning apparatus, A. N. Myers 204,241
Churning apparatus, J. A. Perry 204,245
Clasp for ribbons on rolls, H. G. & C. G. Hubert 204,224
Clevis, double tree, A. Rosier 204,252
Clew line leader, S. R. Brooks 204,290
Clock case, G. & D. B. Hills 204,328
Clock, repeating, H. Thompson 204,175
Clod crusher, C. R. Polen, Sr. 204,247
Clothes drier, W. F. Wilson 204,179
Clothes pounder, O. Schindler 204,379
Cock, stop, G. N. Munger 204,162
Cooler, beer, H. F. Schmidt 204,380
Corkscrew, A. W. Sperry 204,389
Corn sheller, J. W. Miller 204,161
Corpse preserver, Miller & Schneider 204,237
Cotton roving can, J. Hill 204,220
Cotton worm destroyer, G. Yeager 204,410
Cream, apparatus for raising, J. W. Brady 204,127
Cultivator, J. Young 204,412
Cultivator, harrow, E. Crane (r) 8,260, 8,261
Cutter, rotary, Mellor & Orum (r) 8,265
Cutting board, F. Weed 204,176
Desk, school, J. Edgar 204,207
Draught equalizer, J. Branning 204,289
Drilling apparatus, well, J. B. & G. R. Elliote 204,143
Drilling machine, metal, D. W. Pond 204,248
Drills, spring hoe for grain, C. E. Patric 204,365
Drying kiln, E. T. Gennert 204,211
Engine cylinder, steam, G. E. Banner 204,282
Engine standard and cylinder, steam, G. E. Banner 204,283
Engine, wind, H. N. Hill 204,221
Engine, wind, Longyear & Clark 204,345
Envelope, Shade & Lockwood 204,256
Escapement, W. A. Wales 204,400
Excavator and plow, W. M. Smith 204,387
Eyeglasses, J. F. Traub 204,266
Fence, hedge, I. O. Childs 204,197
Fence, iron, F. R. Martin 204,236
Fence post, O. Allen 204,275
Fence post, H. A. Pierce 204,246
Fence, wire, W. H. H. Frye 204,312
Field roller, T. B. Rice, Jr. 204,376
File, newspaper, D. H. King 204,233
Fire alarm signal box, R. N. Tooker (r) 8,267
Firearm, revolving, B. F. Joslyn 204,334, 204,335
Firearms, extractor for, B. F. Joslyn 204,336, 204,337
Fire escape, I. D. Cross 204,299
Flour, manufacturing, R. L. Downton 204,302
Fruit pitting and cutting machine, C. P. Bowen 204,189
Fruit pitting machine, A. T. Hatch 204,217
Furnace, brass melting, J. Fletcher 204,309
Furnace door, P. S. Kemon 204,339
Furnace, metallurgic, H. Swindell 204,392
Furnace, ore roasting, C. Stetefeldt (r) 8,266
Game apparatus, M. Entenmann 204,208
Game counter, C. B. Wessmann 204,404
Gas, making illuminating, H. W. Adams 204,181
Gas burner, W. Anderson 204,278
Gas burners, attachment for, W. W. Batchelder 204,286
Gas meter, A. C. Blount 204,188
Gas, scintillator for lighting, W. W. Batchelder 204,285
Glass from lava, making, F. S. Shirley 204,384
Globe holder, Bayles & Hunter 204,184
Grain binder, G. H. Howe 204,329
Grain decorticating apparatus, A. Ames 204,277
Grain distributing machine, Fascher & Singer 204,308
Grinding machine, S. Trethewey 204,393
Gun, spring air, A. Pettengill 204,167
Harness, E. R. Cahoone 204,195
Harrow, H. F. Wasmund 204,268
Harrow, rotary, E. & E. H. McNiel 204,354
Harvester gearing, J. Harris 204,148
Hat and cap sweat, J. R. Terry, Jr. 204,262
Head protector, F. P. Cummerford 204,204
Heaters, draught pipe for, M. A. Shepard 204,170
Hogs from rooting, preventing, J. M. Stansifer 204,171
Hoisting device, tobacco, C. F. Johnson 204,332
Horse power, Bettis & Heath 204,185
Ice, forming sheets of, J. Gamgee 204,210
Illuminating fluid, testing, S. S. Mann 204,235
Index tag for books, E. M. Capen 204,196
Indicator for vessels, roll and pitch, R. Chandler 204,133
Inkstand, W. P. Speller 204,388
Iron for case hardening, preparing, S. A. Conrad 204,202
Ironing apparatus, A. K. Brettell 204,128
Jewelry, wire trimming for, L. Heckmann 204,149
Labeling bottles, E. L. Witte 204,272
Ladder, F. A. Copeland 204,295
Ladder, step, J. J. Brady 204,191
Lamp, J. S. Butler 204,193
Lamp, E. S. Drake 204,303, 204,304, 204,305, 204,306
Lamp, F. G. Palmer 204,364
Lamp for cooking, H. S. Fifield 204,144
Lantern, C. J. Swedberg 204,261
Lap link, A. Perry 204,367
Lap ring, H. S. Wood 204,273
Latch, gate, H. Unger 204,267
Leather, compound for currying E. S. Thayer 204,398
Lemon squeezer and shaker, H. L. Heaton 204,325
Lifting jack, T. J. Woods 204,408
Lightning conductor, H. W. Spang 204,257
Lightning rod, D. Munson 204,359
Lock, C. C. Dickerman 204,139
Lock, seal, F. G. Hunter 204,226
Lock, vehicle seat, D. Kirk 204,234
Log turner, C. & F. Strobel 204,391
Loom picker, C. T. Grilley 204,213
Loom picking mechanism, Terrell & Williams 204,396
Magnet, multipolar, A. K. Eaton 204,141
Manure spreader, J. S. Kemp (r) 8,254
Marble, composition for artificial, J. F. Martin 204,348
Meat chopper, E. W. Fawcett 204,209
Meat chopping machine, Meahl & Kwoczalla 204,355
Military accouterments, C. Harkins 204,322
Milking cows, apparatus for, W. F. George 204,314
Mordants and dyestuffs, S. Cabot, Jr. 204,130
Mosquito bar frame, O'Sullivan & Bloom 204,243
Mosquito net frame, E. Bloom 204,187
Mower, lawn, F. G. Johnson 204,153
Mower lawn, A. P. Osborne 204,242
Mower, lawn, J. Shaw (r) 8,268
Music box, W. Meissner 204,356
Musical instrument, mechanical, M. J. Matthews 204,352
Mustache guard, C. H. Barrows 204,125
Nut cracker, F. A. Humphrey 204,225
Oatmeal machine, G. H. Cormack 204,137
Oatmeal machine, D. Oliver 204,165
Organ case, L. C. Carpenter 204,131
Paddle wheel, A. Wingard 204,180
Paddle wheel, aerial, Cowan & Page 204,296
Paper and other fabrics, marbleizing G. Grossheim 204,146
Paper pulp from wood, H. B. Meech (r) 8,256, 8,257, 8,258
Paper pulp pail, E. Hubbard 204,223
Pea nut warmer, F. A. Bowdoin 204,190
Pen, fountain, T. H. & J. E. Quinn 204,371
Pencil sharpener and eraser, W. Sellers 204,169
Pianoforte tuning attachment, H. F. Jacobs 204,152
Pianofortes, hand guide for, M. Sudderick 204,260
Pipe, stand, Lewis & Maloney 204,344
Planing and sawing wood, W. H. Webb 204,403
Planter and plow, corn, D. Hays 204,218
Planter, corn, H. Steckler, Jr. 204,390
Plow, T. M. Moore 204,358
Plow, F. Nitschmann 204,361
Plow clevis, E. A. Sanders 204,253
Pocket for garments, Y. Chow 204,199
Pole, carriage, A. R. Bartram (r) 8,253
Post office apparatus, G. W. Wiles 204,270
Press, cotton, E. L. Morse 204,240
Press, cotton, Tate & Curtis 204,395
Press, power, J. L. Lewis 204,158
Pump, A. S. Baker 204,280
Pumps, machinery for operating, J. W. Hull (r). 8,262
Punching and beveling metal, J. Morgan (r) 8,251
Railway gate, C. P. Austin 204,279
Railway gate, McCaffrey & Larkin 204,160
Railway rail joint, O. Pagen 204,363
Refrigerator, R. T. Hambrook 204,216
Rein guide, check, A. L. Whitney 204,269
Rowlock, I. C. Mayo 204,159
Rubber cutting machine, Ford, Slade, & Baylies 204,145
Rule, lumber, A. J. Colburn 204,293
Sad iron stand, K. E. Keeler 204,338
Sash balance and lock, Rayner & Burr 204,374
Saw, R. E. Poindexter 204,369
Saw mill carriage, M. Taplin 204,394
Saw mill head block, Brett & Perry 204,192
Saw sharpener, W. M. Watson 204,402
Scale beam, J. Weeks 204,177
Scintillator for lighting cord, W. W. Batchelder 204,284
Scraper, earth, J. H. Edmondson 204,142
Screen, G. F. Halley 204,147
Screen, window, G. L. Reynolds 204,375
Scythe snath fastening, M. Hewitt 204,327
Seed and fertilizer distributer, W. Harper 204,323
Seed distributer, J. W. Dooley 204,301
Sewer trap, J. M. Thatcher 204,397
Sewer trap valve, P. J. Convery 204,135
Sewing machine needle bar, Cook & Hill 204,294
Sewing machine mechanism, E. Brosemann _et al._ 204,291
Sewing machine table, S. Hill 204,219
Sewing machine table, T. Lanston 204,157
Sheet metal vessels, handle for, F. Grosjean 204,319
Shipping case, J. H. Byrne 204,194
Shoetip, H. White (r) 8,263
Shoes, rack for holding, etc., J. Priest 204,249
Shot, tin plated, L. Crooke 204,298
Shovels, manufacture of, H. M. Myers 204,163
Sink, kitchen, M. W. Scannell 204,255
Slate, apparatus for grinding, etc., J. W. Hyatt. 204,151
Snuff package, B. F. Weyman (r) 8,264
Soldering square cans, R. Gornall 204,315
Spectacle frame, J. F. Traub 204,265
Spinning mules, building rail for, Ogden & Garrett 204,362
Spinning mules, mechanism for, G. Gurney 204,214
Spring, door, O. Seely 204,382
Spring, vehicle, N. Nilson 204,360
Sprinkler, J. M. Josias 204,333
Sprinklers, inlet pipe for street, G. H. Stallman 204,172
Steam generator, Collinge & Savage 204,201
Steam generator, M. Cullen 204,203
Steam superheater, W. Standing 204,173
Stone sawing machine, Jennings & Robellaz 204,331
Stove damper, T. White 204,406
Stove for burning crude, etc., oils, P. Martin 204,349
Stoves, fire pot lining for, R. J. King 204,155
Sulphur, apparatus for refining, H. H. Eames 204,206
Suspender ends, E. Painter 204,166
Table, S. Bobbins 204,377
Tablet, writing, W. O. Davis 204,138
Tanks, etc., movable hopper, F. C. Prindle 204,370
Target, spherical, S. A. Darrach 204,300
Tea and coffee pots, knob for, W. B. Choate 204,198
Telegraph repeater, F. Catlin 204,132
Thrashers, clover huller attachment for, J. Allonas 204,276
Ticket, railway coupon, C. J. Stromberg 204,174
Tile for fireproof buildings, bridge, M. F. Lyons 204,347
Tin, coating lead articles with, J. J. & L. Crooke 204,297
Tire setter, J. A. Miles 204,238
Tire upsetter M. W. Griffiths 204,317
Toy pistol, A. F. Able 204,123
Toy pistol, H. J. P. Whipple 204,405
Trace, etc., tug coupling, Hazlewood, Jr., & Reagin 204,324
Track clearer, A. Day 204,205
Truck shifting apparatus, car, R. H. Ramsey (r) 8,259
Truss, hernial, Banks & Merck 204,281
Tubing, manufacture of metal, B. C. Converse 204,136
Valve gear for engines, L. C. Mason 204,351
Vehicle running gear, P. Letalle 204,343
Vehicle, side bar, J. Kauffman 204,154
Vehicles, spring seat for, J. T. Yerkes 204,411
Velocipede, H. A. Reynolds (r) 8,252
Ventilator, S. S. Thompson 204,264
Ventilator valve, railway car, E. H. Winchell 204,271
Warming, etc., buildings, apparatus for, L. Bennet 204,126
Wash board, F. Kueny 204,156
Wash boiler, A. Friedley 204,311
Wash stands, water closets, cover for, F. Grosjean 204,318
Washing machine, E. S. M. Ford 204,310
Watch regulator, G. Bichsel 204,287
Watch winding device, B. Wormelle 204,274
Watches, winding click for, C. T. Higginbotham 204,150
Water meter, piston, T. Melling 204,357
Water wheel, W. S. Clay 204,292
Weather strip, D. Austin 204,122
Whip socket and rein holder, B. J. Downing 204,140
Wrench, Sievers & Winkler 204,386
Wringer, mop, W. Haas 204,215

* * * * *

TRADE MARKS.

Baking powder, Carter Brothers & Co. 6,136
Cigars, Foxen, Newman & Co. 6,132
Cigars, J. Hirsch 6,142
Cigars, Oliver & Robinson 6,150
Cigars, B. F. Weyman 6,154
Cigars, J. & A. Frey 6,156
Cigars, J. Martinez 6,161
Cigars, cigarettes, etc., Straiten & Storm 6,144
Cigars, cigarettes, etc., E. A. Smith 6,145
Cigars, cigarettes, etc., C. Swartz & Co. 6,152
Cigars, cigarettes, etc., I. Underdorfer 6,158
Cigarettes, Seidenberg & Co 6,135
Cheese, G. S. Hart 6,133
Copying paper and books, W. Mann 6,159
Cotton fabrics, Hamilton Manufacturing Company 6,141
Cotton goods, Nashua Manufacturing Company 6,162
Dry goods, The Eddystone Manuf. Company 6,157
Illuminating oils, Wadsworth, Martinez & Longman 6,163
Knitted undershirts, etc., Dunham Hosiery Co. 6,155
Ladies' corsets, C. A. Griswold 6,139
Lemonade compound, Abrams & Carroll 6,147
Liquid paints, G. W. Pitkin & Co. 6,151
Overalls, jumpers, etc., B. Greenebaum 6,138
Perforated plasters, Holman Liver Pad Company 6,140
Pile ointment, G. W. Frazier 6,149
Plug tobacco, B. F. Weyman 6,148
Prepared skins for beer, C. Maegerlein & Son 6,134
Saleratus, soda, etc, H. A. De Land & Co. 6,137
Smoking, etc., tobacco, Marburg Brothers 6,143
Snuff, B. F. Weyman 6,146, 6,153
Soap, Ecker & Co. 6,160
Weighing scales, E. & T. Fairbanks & Co. 6,131

* * * * *

DESIGNS.

Buckle, F. Crane 10,704
Fancy cassimere, F. S. Bosworth 10,692 to 10,702
Handkerchief, J. Grimshaw 10,703

* * * * *

=English Patents Issued to Americans.=

From June 28 to July 2, inclusive.

Bale tie.--S. H. Gilman, New Orleans, La.
Blast furnace.--J. F. Bennett, Pittsburg, Pa.
Cigarette machine.--V. L'Eplattinaire, N. Y. city.
Furnace for steam boilers.--O. Marland, Boston, Mass.
Grain binders.--C. H. McCormick, Chicago, Ill.
Grain separators.--Barnard & Leas Manufacturing Co., Moline, Ill.
Mortising chisel.--A. J. Buttler, New Brunswick, N.J.
Paper making machinery.--J. H. & G. Hatch, South Meriden, Conn.
Paper vessels or receptacles.--R. B. Crane, N. Y. city.
Skates.--P. C. Franke, St. Paul, Minn.
Teeth cleaner.--A. P. Merrill, N. Y. city.
Timber joining machine.--W. E. Brock. N. Y. city.
Wearing apparel.--Israel Crane, N. Y. city.

* * * * *

=The Scientific American=

=EXPORT EDITION.=

PUBLISHED MONTHLY.

THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Export Edition is a large and SPLENDID PERIODICAL, issued once a month, forming a complete and interesting Monthly Record of all Progress in Science and the Useful Arts throughout the World. Each number contains about ONE HUNDRED LARGE QUARTO PAGES, profusely illustrated, embracing:

(1.) Most of the plates and pages of the four preceding weekly issues of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, with its SPLENDID ENGRAVINGS AND VALUABLE INFORMATION.

(2.) Commercial, Trade, and Manufacturing announcements of leading houses.

Terms for Export Edition, $5.00 a year, sent prepaid to any part of the world. Single copies, 50 cents.

For sale at this office. To be had at all News and Book Stores throughout the country.

* * * * *

=NOW READY.=

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN for July, 1878, with Eighty-one Engravings.

=GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS.=

Brewster's Carriage Manufactory, New York. One engraving.
The Parlor or Cabinet Organs of Mason & Hamlin.
The New Wheeler & Wilson Sewing Machine.
Howe's Improved Scales.
The Chickering Pianos.
The Ingersoll Rock Drill.
Photo-engraving.
The Paper Product of the United States.
Electrical Indicator for Exhibiting the Rotation of the Earth. Two
engravings.
The Elevated Railroad Nuisance.
Steam Boilers.
Progress of our Western Industries.
The Decline of the Whaling Industry.
Transmitting Power by Electricity.
Native Magnesium Salts.
Scientific American Export Edition for June.
The Eothen Arctic Expedition.
Patent Matters in Congress.
The Turkish Bath.
Remarkable Locomotive Performances.
The United States Building at the Paris Exposition.
Recent Ship Designs.
Figures which Seem Untruthful.
The Hotchkiss Ship's Log.
Starting New Industries.
The Telephone at Sea.
Horizontal Condensing Engine at the Exposition. One engraving.
Deep Boring.
Whitening Positives.
Mr. Thomas A. Edison. One engraving.
Patteson's Improved Car Coupling. One engraving.
Project for Increasing the Water Power of Pennsylvania.
A Japanese Built Ironclad.
A Great Public Nuisance.--The Steam Street Railways
New York City.
What the South Owes New England.
New Mechanical Inventions.
Iridescent Glass.
Fast Paper Making.
Effect of Gas on Cotton Goods.
Electrotypes of the Brain.
Astronomical Notes for July. With Three figures, giving the
Positions, Rising and Setting of the Planets.
Sun Spots.
Removing Spots from Cloths.
"American" New Process Milling.
New Agricultural Inventions.
A Defense of Sludge Acid.
Shad Hatching at Havre de Grace, Md.
Improved Wrench. Two engravings.
A Drygoods Palace Car.
Radial Drilling Machine. One engraving.
Improved Self-oiling Car Wheel. Three engravings.
The Whitehead Torpedo. One engraving.
A Californian Wheat Farm.
Edison's Telephonic Researches. Eleven figures.
New Inventions.
New Electric Light.
Quick Freight Time.
The Adams Gas Process. Three engravings.
The Invention of the Microphone.
Preparation of Iron Fuels.
Millstones.
An Hour with Edison. Four engravings.
Suspension Bridge Accident.
Mill Explosion Science.
Learn Something.
Unsuitable Steam Vessels. One engraving.
Our Naval Tubs.
Leaves and their Functions.
Lever and Cam Valve. Two engravings.
An Ingenious Toy. One engraving.
Milk as a Substitute for Blood Transfusion.
Dr. Brown-Sequard.
Odd Uses of Paraffin.
American Institute Exhibition.
Solidification of Petroleum.
A Simple Fire-escape.
Mr. Edison on the Microphone.
Driving Piles in Sand.
Is our Globe Hollow?
The Best Penwiper.
The Etiology of Asiatic Cholera.--A New Theory.
Diagnosis.
Proposed Process for the Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen. Two
figures.
Hallucinations.
Perils of Base-ball Playing.
Music Boxes.
Electric Light Photography.
Improved Beehive. Three engravings.
A Good Act.
Improved Gas Condenser. Two engravings.
American Crop Prospects.
The Launch of the Nipsic.
The Swiss House at the French Exposition. One engraving.
The Ingenuity of Bees.
The St. Benoit Twins. One engraving.
Improved Method of Milling.
A Remarkable Meteoric Phenomenon.
Drinking Water.
Where to Observe the Solar Eclipse of July 29th.
Explorations and Surveys.
Tests for Good Burning Oil.
Curious Hedge Figures. One engraving.
Food Supply of Paris.
The Leona Goat Sucker. One engraving.
Oatmeal.
Salt in Beer.
Dr. Morfit's Method of Preserving Animal and Vegetable Food.
The Ring of Fire, and the Volcanic Peaks of the West Coast of the
United States.
To Imitate Ground Glass.
Railroad Birds.
Improved Variable Automatic Cut-off. Four engravings.
The Uses of Mechanism.
Working Gold Ores.
The Sun. With nine engravings. An excellent paper.
Professor Edison's New Carbon Rheostat. Two engravings.
The Chase Elemental Governor. Two engravings.
Chinese Wine Powder.
Amber Varnish.
The Alkaloids of Opium.
Microscopy.
Is the Moon Inhabited?
Description of the Recent Most Important Mechanical Inventions.
Counterfeiting American Goods.
The Steam Street Railways of New York City.
Improved Piston Rod Stuffing Box. One engraving.
Improved Automatic Fan. One engraving.
Wandering Needles.
Improved Step Box. One engraving.
Heat Conductivity.
New Volcano in Peru.
Wood Carver of Simla. One engraving.
Natural History Notes.
Belgium, Holland, and England.
Jointed Artillery.
The Armstrong 100-ton Gun.
The Phonograph.
Scientific American Boat Drawings.
Wire Tramway Worked by Water Wheels.
Shell Polishing.
Floating Batteries at Kertch.
Apparatus for Administering Medicine to Horses. One engraving.
Apprentice Shops for the Boys.
A Boat Older than the Ark. Three figures.
Employment of Ships against Forts.
The Otto Bicycle. One engraving.
A Simple Gas Generator. One engraving.
Labor in Scotland.
The Cattle Drives of 1878.
Effects of Emancipation.
A New Trouble with French Wines.
The New Twin Steamer "Calais-Douvres." One engraving.
Industrial Drawing and Art Studies.
Vulcanizing Rubber.
Strawberries and Constipation.
Professor Langley's Papers on the Sun.
Destruction vs. Construction of Ironclads.
How Raisins are Prepared.
The Sun.--A Total Eclipse. With six engravings.
The Bishop of Manchester on British Trade Depression.
A New Insect Pest.
Death of a Giant.
Edison's Phonomotor. Two engravings.
Excavating Scoop. One engraving.
Treatment of Acute Rheumatism.
How a Horse Trots.
Danger of Carbolic Acid Dressings.
Welded Union and Rebel Bullets. One engraving.
Indicator of a Steamboat Engine.
A Remedy for the Effects of the Poison Ivy.
Thymol.
Copper Oysters.
The Use of Antimony in Batteries.
Photographs on Silk.
How to Use a File. A valuable practical paper.
Our Iron Industry.
Two Ways of Looking at the Same Facts.
New Screw-cutting Lathe. One engraving.
New Cloth Measuring Apparatus. One engraving.
Moth Remedies.
Gampert's Wood-sole Shoe. Three engravings.
Science and Sentiment.
American Coal in Europe.
An Active Volcano in the Moon.
Tic-douloureux.
Landing of Cleopatra's Needle. One large engraving.
Heat Conductivity.
The Total Eclipse of the Sun, July 29. Two figures.
New Iron Fence. Two engravings.
The Adjutant. One engraving.
A New Disinfectant.
The Curiosities of Tobacco.
Preserving Fish by Hydraulic Pressure.

Answers to Correspondents, embodying a large quantity of valuable information, practical recipes, and instructions in various arts.

Single numbers of the Scientific American Export Edition, 50 cents. To be had at this office, and at all news stores.

MUNN & CO., PUBLISHERS,
37 PARK ROW, NEW YORK.

To Advertisers: =>Manufacturers and others who desire to secure foreign trade may have large and handsomely displayed announcements published in this edition at a very moderate cost.

The Scientific American Export Edition has a large guaranteed circulation in all commercial places throughout the world. Address MUNN & CO., 37 Park Row, New York.

* * * * *

=Advertisements.=
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=Inside Page, each insertion 75 cents a line.
Back Page, each insertion $1.00 a line.=
(About eight words to a line.)

_Engravings may head advertisements at the same rate per line, by
measurement, as the letter press. Advertisements must be received at
publication office as early as Thursday morning to appear in next
issue._
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SEND 30 CENTS BY MAIL AND GET

AND NOT WEAR OUT

Circulars free. Mention paper. J. S. BIRCH & CO., 33 Dey Street, N. Y. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- THE GEOLOGICAL ANTIQUITY OF Flowers and Insects. By J. E. TAYLOR, F.G.S. A plain, comprehensive review of the subject, bringing forward many instructive facts; with six illustrations. The invariable correlation between insects and flowers. How they are fossilized. Fossil botany. Geological Evidences of Evolution. Correspondence in the succession of Animal and Vegetable life. Flowers necessary to Insects, and Insects necessary to Flowers. Insects and Plants in the Devonian, the Switzerland Lias, the English Stonesfield Slate, the Tertiary Strata, the Coal Measures, a Greenland, and other formations. A Peculiar Aspect of Evolution. Contained in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. =120.= Price 10 cents. To be had at this office and of all newsdealers. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- THE PHONOGRAPH AND ITS FUTURE. BY THOMAS A. EDISON. The instrument and its Action. Durability, Duplication, and Postal Transmission of Phonograph Plates. The probable great utility of the Phonograph in Letter-writing, Business Correspondence and Dictation; Literature; Education; Law; Music; Oratory, etc. Application to Musical Boxes, Toys, and Clocks. Telegraphy of the Future; the Phonograph and Telephone combined. Being a most interesting and valuable paper by the author and inventor of the Phonograph himself. Contained in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT, NO. =124.= Price 10 cents. To be had at this office and of all newsdealers. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- THE

=The Most Popular Scientific Paper in the World.
THIRTY-THIRD YEAR.=

=Only $3.20 a Year including Postage. Weekly.
52 Numbers a Year.=

=This widely circulated= and splendidly illustrated paper is published weekly. Every number contains sixteen pages of useful information, and a large number of original engravings of new inventions and discoveries, representing Engineering Works, Steam Machinery, New Inventions, Novelties in Mechanics, Manufactures, Chemistry, Electricity, Telegraphy, Photography, Architecture, Agriculture, Horticulture, Natural History, etc.

=All Classes of Readers= find in THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN a popular _resume_ of the best scientific information of the day; and it is the aim of the publishers to present it in an attractive form, avoiding as much as possible abstruse terms. To every intelligent mind, this journal affords a constant supply of instructive reading. It is promotive of knowledge and progress in every community where it circulates.

=Terms of Subscription.=--One copy of THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN will be sent for _one year_--52 numbers--postage prepaid, to any subscriber in the United States or Canada, on receipt of =three dollars and twenty cents= by the publishers; six months, $1.60; three months, $1.00.

=Clubs.=--=One extra copy= of THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN will be supplied gratis _for every club of five subscribers_ at $3.20 each; additional copies at same proportionate rate. Postage prepaid.

One copy of THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN and one copy of THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT will be sent for one year, postage prepaid, to any subscriber in the United States or Canada, on receipt of _seven dollars_ by the publishers.

The safest way to remit is by Postal Order, Draft, or Express. Money carefully placed inside of envelopes, securely sealed, and correctly addressed, seldom goes astray, but is at the sender's risk. Address all letters and make all orders, drafts, etc., payable to

=MUNN & CO.,
37 Park Row, New York.=

=To Foreign Subscribers.=--Under the facilities of the Postal Union, the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN is now sent by post direct from New York, with regularity, to subscribers in Great Britain, India, Australia, and all other British colonies; to France, Austria, Belgium, Germany, Russia, and all other European States; Japan, Brazil, Mexico, and all States of Central and South America. Terms, when sent to foreign countries, Canada excepted, $4, gold, for SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, 1 year; $9, gold, for both SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN and SUPPLEMENT for 1 year. This includes postage, which we pay. Remit by postal order or draft to order of Munn & Co., 37 Park Row, New York.

* * * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------
WALTHAM WATCHES.

_Improved in Quality, but no higher in price._

After this date, we shall sell none but =New Model Waltham Watches=, particulars of which will be found in our New Price List.

Every one concedes that genuine WALTHAM watches are superior to all others, and at present prices they are within the reach of all.

We continue to send single watches by mail or express to any part of the country, no matter how remote, without any risk to the purchaser.

Price List sent free and postpaid.

_Address_ HOWARD & CO.,
=No. 264 Fifth Ave., New York.=

_All silver cases for the_ NEW MODEL WATCHES _are made of sterling silver, and cases as well as movements are guaranteed by special certificate._ ----------------------------------------------------------------------

BEST AND CHEAPEST
FOOT POWER
SCREW CUTTING
$85. ENGINE LATHES

SEE FULL DESCRIPTION IN
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN JULY 27
SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
GOODNOW & WIGHTMAN
176 WASHINGTON ST. BOSTON MASS.
]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The Midsummer Holiday Scribner.

ANOTHER ROYAL NUMBER.

Charming Writers--New Artists--Superb Engraving.

The August number of this progressive magazine is the third "Midsummer Holiday" issue, and the publisher is confident that in literary and artistic excellence it will be found fully equal to, if not in advance of, its predecessors, which met with such distinguished favor from the press and the public.

It opens with a Frontispiece,

=A NEW PORTRAIT OF BRYANT,=

Drawn in crayon, from life, by WYATT EATON, and engraved by COLE, with a sketch of the haunts and homes of Bryant, by HORATIO N. POWERS, with numerous wood-cuts.

Among the other illustrated material is

"=A SEA-PORT ON THE PACIFIC,="

By MARY HALLOCK FOOTE. The drawings are also by Mrs. Foote, and are engraved by Marsh, Cole, and others. They have not been excelled in magazine literature for charm, picturesqueness, and fine engraving. A paper of wide interest is

"=TO SOUTH AFRICA for DIAMONDS!="

By Dr. W. J. MORTON, a narrative of personal experience in the mines, with striking illustrations of this romantic and curious life. There are also

=TWO CHARMING FIELD PAPERS=:

"Sharp Eyes" by JOHN BURROUGHS, with illustrations by a new artist; "Glimpses of New England Farm Life," by R. E. ROBINSON, a paper of rare picturesque interest.

There are illustrated poems by Dr. HOLLAND and J. T. TROWBRIDGE; also, poems by STEDMAN, BRET HARTE, and others.

THE ILLUSTRATIONS are by Wyatt Eaton, Mary Hallock Foote, Vanderhoof, Waud, Frederick Dielman, R. Swain Gifford, Jervis McEntee, Henry Farrer, Winslow Homer, J. E. Kelly, Walter Shirlaw, L. C. Tiffany, Thomas Moran, Will H. Low, Mrs. Fanny Eliot Gifford, and others.

The shorter stories are by STOCKTON and HENRY JAMES, Jr.

DR. EGGLESTON'S STORY of WESTERN LIFE reaches its climax, and will end in October.

A New Novel,

"=FALCONBERG," by BOYESEN,=

Begins in this issue. It is a story of immigrant life in America, told by one of the most promising of the younger generation of novelists, and will be read with interest abroad as well as at home.

The Editorial Departments include "Our Commune," "The Death of Bryant," "Greatness in Art," "A Rural Art Association," "Recent Improvements in Telephony," thoughtful and suggestive Book Reviews, Humorous Sketches and Verses by new hands, &c., &c.

The frontispiece is upon a peculiar tint of paper, manufactured by Warren expressly for Eaton's portrait of Bryant. The printing is by De Vinne, from the press of Francis Hart & Co., who take rank among the foremost printers of the world.

EDITION =85,000.= Price 35 cents Sold by all News-dealers and Book-sellers.

=SCRIBNER & CO., NEW YORK.=
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Baker Rotary Pressure Blower.

(FORCED BLAST.)

Warranted superior to any other.

WILBRAHAM BROS.
2318 Frankford Ave.
PHILADELPHIA.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
OUTWARD MARKS OF A GOOD COW.

By Capt. JOHN C. MORRIS, Pa. Carelessness in Breeding. How to Select
for Breeding. Marks of the Handsome Cow. Care and Training of the
Heifer. Infallible Marks of Good Milkers. Distinguishing Marks and
Characteristics of the "Bastard" and the "Bogus" Cow, etc. Contained,
with useful Remarks on Bee Culture, in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT
NO. =135.= Price 10 cents. To be had at this office and of all
newsdealers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PATENTS AT AUCTION.

Regular Monthly Sales the first week of each month by George W.
Keeler, Auctioneer, at his salesrooms, 53 and 55 Liberty Street, N.
Y. For terms, etc., address The New York Patent Exchange, 53 Liberty
St., N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SPARE THE CROTON AND SAVE THE COST.

Driven or Tube Wells
furnished to large consumers of Croton and
Ridgewood Water. WM. D. ANDREWS & BRO., 414 Water St., N. Y., who
control the patent for Green's American Driven Well
----------------------------------------------------------------------

BIBB'S
Celebrated Original Baltimore
Fire Place Heaters
Mantels and Registers.
B. C. BIBB & SON,
Baltimore, Md.

Best workmanship. Lowest prices guaranteed. Send for circulars.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
JAPANESE ART MANUFACTURES.

By Christopher Dresser, Ph.D., etc. Paper read before Society of
Arts. The Japanese Potter at Work. Curious mode of Making Scarfs. How
the Japanese Print on Cloth. Japanese Process for Silk Ornamentation.
Japanese Weaving. How Fine Japanese Fans are made. Japanese Method
of Making Moulds for Ornamental Castings for Vessels, Bronzes,
etc. Japanese Lacquer Manufacture. Curious Method of Decorating
Lacquer Work. The Love and Pursuit of the Beautiful in Japan. A very
entertaining, instructive, and comprehensive paper. Contained in
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. =115.= Price 10 cents. To be had
at this office and of all newsdealers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

BURNHAM'S

STANDARD TURBINE

WATER WHEEL.

WARRANTED BEST AND CHEAPEST.

N. F. BURNHAM, YORK, PA.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
RUPTURE

Relieved and cured, without the injury trusses inflict, by Dr. J. A.
Sherman's method of support and curative externally applied. Office,
251 Broadway, N. Y. His book, with photographic likenesses of bad
cases before and after cure, mailed for 10 cents. Beware of imitators.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=25= =NEW YEAR CARDS=, with name, 20c. 25 Extra Mixed, 10c. Geo. I.
Reed & Co., Nassau, N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=ARTIFICIAL LIGHT.=

We have just introduced this important facility, which enables us to
prosecute our work in =cloudy weather=, and to push through hurried
orders =in the night=.

RELIEF PLATES

For Newspaper, Book, and Catalogue Illustrations. Engraved in
Type-Metal, by a new Photo-Chemical Method, from all kinds of Prints,
Pen Drawings, Original Designs, Photographs, etc., =much cheaper
than wood cuts=. These plates have a perfectly smooth printing
surface, and the lines are =as deep, as even, and as sharp= as they
could possibly be cut by hand. We guarantee that they will print
satisfactorily, on wet or dry paper, and on any press where type or
wood cuts can be so printed. Electrotypes may be made from them in
the usual way.

=Our plates are now used by the principal publishers and manufacturers
in every State in the Union.= _Send stamp for illustrated Circular._
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=State, County and Shop Rights For Sale.=

The Patent Adjustable Die Co. invite the attention of Printers,
Lithographers, Paper Box Makers, Leather, Cloth, and Metal Workers,
and all who use dies of any description, or who cut by laborious
hand work patterns of any size or shape, to their patent device for
cutting any desired outline at a cost of a few cents, and doing
it with exactness, cutting from one to three hundred at a single
pressure. Among those who have purchased shop rights, the following
are referred to: Rand, Macnally & Co.; Donnelly, Loyd & Co.; Shoeber
& Carqueville Lithograph Co.; Wright & Leonard; Frank Roehr; Gregory
& Staiger; Western Label Man. Co.; S. A. Grant & Co., Cincinnati.

PATENT ADJUSTABLE DIE CO.,
No. 96 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Il.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

=BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY.=

13 Different machines with which Builders, Cabinet Makers, Wagon
Makers, and Jobbers in miscellaneous work can compete as to QUALITY
AND PRICE with steam power manufacturing; also Amateurs' supplies.
MACHINES SENT ON TRIAL.

Say where you read this, and send for catalogue and prices.

W. F. & JOHN BARNES,
Rockford, Winnebago Co., Ill.

Eastern Agency for

=Barnes' Foot Power Machinery.=

_Full line in stock_ at factory prices. Can be seen in operation at
CHAS. E. LITTLE'S, 59 Fulton St., N. Y. _Cast Steel Pump Log Augers
and Reamers a specialty._
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=$250.= HEALD, SISCO & CO.'S "=RELIABLE=" 20 Horse Power, Stationary,
Horizontal, Double-crank Steam Engine. Complete with Judson Governor,
Boiler-feed Pump, Water Heater, etc. Best and cheapest in the world,
and fully guaranteed. TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS. Send for
circular to
HEALD, SISCO & CO., Baldwinsville, N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=Wood-Working Machinery,=

Such as Woodworth Planing, Tonguing, and Grooving Machines, Daniel's
Planers, Richardson's Patent Improved Tenon Machines, Mortising,
Moulding, and Re-Saw Machines, and Wood-Working Machinery generally.
Manufactured by

WITHERBY, RUGG & RICHARDSON,
26 Salisbury Street, Worcester, Mass.

(Shop formerly occupied by R. BALL & CO.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=PATENT MINERAL WOOL.=

Entirely _Fireproof_, undecaying, and the best _non-conductor of heat,
cold, or sound_. Cheaper than hair-felt.

=A. D. ELBERS=,
_P. O. Box 4461._ 26½ Broadway, N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

THE UNION IRON MILLS, Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturers of improved
wrought iron Beams and Girders (patented).

The great fall which has taken place in the prices of Iron,
and especially in Beams used in the construction of FIRE PROOF
BUILDINGS, induces us to call the special attention of Engineers,
Architects, and Builders to the undoubted advantages of now erecting
Fire Proof structures; and by reference to pages 52 & 54 of our
Book of Sections--which will be sent on application to those
contemplating the erection of fire proof buildings--THE COST CAN
BE ACCURATELY CALCULATED, the cost of Insurance avoided, and the
serious losses and interruption to business caused by fire; these
and like considerations fully justify any additional first cost. It
is believed, that, were owners fully aware of the small difference
which now exists between the use of Wood and Iron, in many cases the
latter would be adopted. We shall be pleased to furnish estimates
for all the Beams complete, for any specific structure, so that the
difference in cost may at once be ascertained. Address

CARNEGIE, BROS. & CO., Pittsburgh, Pa.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=Pond's Tools=,

=Engine Lathes, Planers, Drills, &c.=

Send for Catalogue. DAVID W. POND, Successor to LUCIUS W. POND.
=Worcester, Mass.=
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=$3 GOLD PLATED WATCHES.= Cheapest in the known world. _Sample Watch
Free to Agents._ Address, A. COULTER & Co., Chicago.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=EAGLE FOOT LATHES,=

Improvement in style. Reduction in prices April 20th. Small Engine
Lathes, Slide Rests, Tools, etc. Also Scroll and Circular Saw
Attachments, Hand Planers, etc. Send for Catalogue of outfits for
Amateurs or Artisans.

WM. L. CHASE & CO.,
95 & 97 Liberty St., New York.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=The George Place Machinery Agency=
=Machinery of Every Description.=
121 Chambers and 103 Reade Streets, New York.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
CIVIL and MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

At the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N. Y. Next term
begins Sept. 12. The Annual Register for 1878 contains a list of the
graduates for the past 52 years, with their positions; also, course
of study, requirements for admission, expenses, etc. Address Wm. H.
Young, Treas'r.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=THE DRIVEN WELL.=

Town and County privileges for making =Driven Wells= and selling
Licenses under the established =American Driven Well Patent=, leased
by the year to responsible parties, by

=WM. D. ANDREWS & BRO.,=
NEW YORK.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
_NOW READY._

=The Army of the Republic:=

ITS SERVICES AND DESTINY.
=BY HENRY WARD BEECHER.=

An Oration at the Re-union of the Army of the Potomac, at Springfield,
Mass., June 5th, comprising Christian Union Extra No. 12.

Price 10 Cents.
=THE CHRISTIAN UNION,=
27 Park Place, N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------
=Lathes, Planers, Shapers=

Drills, Bolt and Gear Cutters, Milling Machines. Special Machinery. E.
GOULD & EBERHARDT, Newark, N. J.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=A BLOCK PLANE,=
=WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR SETTING THE CUTTER.=

=Length, 7½ inches; 1¾ inch Cutter.=

=PRICE $1.00.=

Sent by mail, to any address, postage prepaid, on receipt of price.

Price of the above Plane _without_ the adjustment, 70c. Write for an
Illustrated Descriptive Circular and Price List of our full line of
"Defiance" Metallic Planes to

BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.,
99 Chambers Street, New York.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

READ THIS! READ THIS!!

Adjustable Safety Stilts.

A NOVELTY FOR THE BOYS.

A Great Chance to Make Money.

Parties wishing to invest in a paying business can do so with a small
capital by addressing

CHAS. S. SHUTE, Springfield, Mass.

Send Stamp for Illustrated Circular.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=VINEGAR.=

I teach by letter the new English Quick-Vinegar-Process, that is, how
vinegar is made in one day without drugs. For particulars and terms,
address

J. H. LAUTERBACH, Zanesville, Ohio.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=Foundry and Machine Shop,=
in live Western town, for sale cheap. Address Box 275, Winona, Minn.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WOOD ENGRAVING

At Photo-Engraving Process Rates, by
T. P. DONALDSON, 33 Park Row, N. Y.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
=SHEET METAL WORKS FOR SALE.=

The largest and best equipped establishment in the United States
for the manufacture of Sheet Metal Architectural and Cornice Works,
and Ornamental Stamped and Spun Zinc Work. Located at an important
station on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad. Taxes and
rents low. The ornamental sheet metal work upon the Main Building for
the Centennial Exposition was made at these shops. The real estate,
tools, and equipments cost some sixty thousand dollars. Will be sold
at a very great sacrifice. Call on or address LUCIEN L. GILBERT,
Salem, Columbiana Co., Ohio.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
THE BEST FRICTION CLUTCH IN THE _World_ for hoisting coal, logs, or
freight. It can be fitted direct on line shaft, run at high speed, and
start without shock. _No end thrust_ on journals. Patent Safety
Elevators at low prices.