Chapter XLIII: Retrospection (1)

1910-1913

At one o'clock in the morning of October 1st, 1910, occurred the most heinous crime in the history of Los Angeles. This was the dynamiting, by the evil element of union labor, of the building and plant of the Los Angeles _Times_, resulting in the sudden extinction of no less than twenty human lives and the destruction of the property of the corporation. The tragedy, lamented in obsequies of the most impressive kind ever witnessed in this city, was followed by the construction, on the same site and at the earliest moment, of the present home of the _Times_. The trial of some of those deemed responsible for this disaster brought to the fore John D. Fredericks, District Attorney[50] in 1900, 1902, 1906 and 1910.

Not the least of the many and far-reaching losses entailed through the ruin of this printery was a _History of the Medical Profession of Southern California_ by Dr. George H. Kress, with an introduction by Dr. Walter Lindley--a work of extended research almost ready for publication. After all such material as could be saved from the ruins had been assembled, an abridged edition of the volume once planned was issued.

In strong contrast to this annihilation of man by his brother, were the peaceful exercises marking the afternoon of the previous Sunday, June 19th, when the Kaspare Cohn Hospital, on Stephenson Avenue, was dedicated; a worthy charity made possible through the munificence, several years before, of the pioneer after whom the hospital is named.

As Superintendent of City Schools here for four years beginning in 1906, C. E. Moore laid the foundation for that national reputation which, in July, 1910, led to his being called as a professor to Yale University.

Jacob A. Riis, the famous Danish-American sociologist, who was so instrumental in cleaning up New York's tenement districts, visited Los Angeles for the fourth time, on March 10th, 1911, lecturing at the Temple Auditorium on "The Battle with the Slum."

The City Council having created a Harbor Board, Mayor George Alexander, in October, 1909, appointed Stoddard Jess, Thomas E. Gibbon and M. H. Newmark as Commissioners. In March, 1911, at a popular election, the Board was made a charter body, and Mayor Alexander reappointed the gentlemen named. Owing, however, to the numerous difficulties thrown in the way of the Commissioners in the accomplishment of their work, M. H. Newmark resigned in December, 1911 and Stoddard Jess in January, 1912; while Thomas E. Gibbon, for many years one of the most formidable advocates of a free harbor, met with such continued obstacles that he was compelled, in the summer of 1912, to withdraw.

Having left Los Angeles, as I have said, in 1879, Myer J. Newmark made San Francisco his home until December, 1894, at which time he returned here and became associated with Kaspare Cohn. In December, 1905, he once more took up his abode in San Francisco where, on May 10th, 1911, he died at the age of seventy-two years.

The first issue of the Los Angeles _Tribune_, a wide-awake sheet projected by Edwin T. Earl, owner of the _Express_, appeared on July 4th, flying the banner of the Progressive party, but making its strongest appeal for support as the first one-cent morning newspaper on the Coast, and a readable journal advocating the moral uplift of the community. Like all the other newspapers of this period, the _Tribune_ was illustrated with photo-engravings.

In 1911, William R. Hearst, of national newspaper fame, bought the Los Angeles _Daily Herald_, making it at the same time an evening newspaper and placing it under the management of Guy B. Barham. The latter had come to Southern California with his father, Richard M. Barham, who located in 1873 at Anaheim, conducting there the old Planters' Hotel. After school was out, Guy did chores. Graduating, he worked for Hippolyte Cahen, the Anaheim merchant; then he kept books for Eugene Meyer & Company, and in time became Deputy Internal Revenue Collector. For some years he has been a Custom House broker, in which activity, in addition to his newspaper work, he is still successfully engaged.

The Federal Telegraph Company, which had established itself in Los Angeles in the fall of 1910, inaugurated in July, 1911 a wireless service with San Francisco and other Coast cities; and just a year later it effected communication with Honolulu, although oddly enough at first, owing to atmospheric conditions, it was necessary to flash all messages across the waste of waters during the night. For some years, the giant steel masts erected by the Company in the southwestern part of the city have puzzled the passer-by.

At half-past three o'clock on November 28th, I turned the first spadeful of earth in the breaking of ground for the Jewish Orphans' Home of Southern California. This privilege was accorded me because, in response to the oft-expressed wish of my wife to assist those dependent children bereft of their natural protectors, I had helped, in a measure, shortly after her demise, to assure the success of the proposed asylum.

Sixteen years after Colonel Griffith J. Griffith agreeably surprised Los Angeles in the presentation of Griffith Park, his munificent bounty again manifested itself in another Christmas donation, that of one hundred thousand dollars for the construction of an observatory on Mount Hollywood, the highest point in Griffith Park. Incidental to the making of this gift, due official recognition of the Colonel's large-heartedness was displayed at a public meeting in the City Hall, in which I had the honor of participating.

M. A. Newmark & Company in February, 1912 removed to their present quarters on Wholesale Street--a building (it may some day be interesting to note) five stories high with a floor space of one hundred and thirty thousand square feet.

In common with the rest of the civilized world, Los Angeles, on April 15th, was electrified with the news of the collision between an iceberg and the great ocean steamer _Titanic_ which so speedily foundered with her 1535 helpless souls. For a day or two, it was hoped that no one with Los Angeles connections would be numbered among the lost; but fate had decreed that my nephew, Edgar J. Meyer, a son of Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Meyer, should perish. He was one of those who heroically hastened to the aid of the women and children; nor did he rest until he saw his wife and child placed in one of the lifeboats. They were saved, but he went down, with other gallant men, among whom I may mention Walter M. Clark, son of J. Ross Clark, of this city.

Nor can I refrain, while mentioning this awful catastrophe, from alluding to another example of courage and conjugal devotion[51] than which, perhaps, neither song nor story portrays one more sublime. As the huge liner was sinking into the dark abyss, one frail woman declined to become the beneficiary of that desperate command, "_Women and children first!_" The wife of Isadore Straus, unafraid though face to face with Death and Eternity, still clung to her loyal husband, refusing, even in that terrible moment, to leave him. She chose rather to die by his side; and as the black sea roared out its chill welcome, it received one who, in the manner of her going, left a precious heritage for all mankind.

Through a high school friendship of my son Marco I came to know quite well one who, though physically handicapped, acquired much international fame. I refer to Homer Lea, a native of Denver, who came to Los Angeles in 1890, at the age of fourteen, studied at the High School, Occidental College and at Stanford, and then conceived the monumental idea of freeing the Chinese from the despotism of the old Manchurian dynasty. Making his first trip to China in 1900, he took an active part in a revolutionary campaign; and returning to America a Lieutenant-General and a force in the Chinese Republican party, he devoted himself to drilling Chinese troops, and to literary work, some of his writings, notably _The Valor of Ignorance_, when widely translated, bringing him repute as a military strategist. Having married Mrs. Ethel Powers, General Lea, late in 1911, joined Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the Chinese leader, and proceeded with him from London to Shanghai, only to arrive there after the revolution had actually started. Even then success was not to crown his labors; during the convention called to establish the Republic, General Lea was stricken with paralysis and his public career was at an end. He returned to Southern California; and at Ocean Park on November 1st, 1912, while looking out toward the land that he loved so well, Homer Lea yielded up his soul. He was not destined to see the fulfillment of his dream; but when the people for whom he labored shall some day have established a true democracy, his name will loom large in their history.

In December, the Museum of History, Science and Art, so favorably situated in Exposition Park, was informally opened[52] to the public under the scholarly administration of Dr. Frank S. Daggett, who had been appointed Director the year previous; and during the few months following, Professor Daggett, backed by the Board of Supervisors, carried forward with such enterprise the excavations of the pits at La Brea _rancho_ that, before the ornate building was ready to receive the finds, a unique collection of fossils invaluable for the study of California fauna had been assembled. The discovery of these evidences of primeval animal life, already concentrating the attention of the scientific world, may well be regarded with pride by every Southern Californian; while the proper housing here of precious souvenirs recalling those whose lives have contributed so much to making Los Angeles what it was and is, will permanently add to the attractions of the Southland.

Pluckily resisting the inroads of an insidious disease, yet cheerful under all the discouraging circumstances and as deeply interested as ever in the welfare of this community, Charles Dwight Willard has been confined to his home for many months. On my last visit I found him very feeble,[53] though still fired with a resistless enthusiasm; the power of his mind asserting itself over the flesh in forcible, if quiet, expression. We sat in a comfortable little bower at his home on San Rafael Heights, with Mrs. Willard, his faithful companion; and after he had uttered an earnest desire to see these memoirs published, we chatted about his life and his activities here. Born in Illinois and graduating from the University of Michigan, an affection of the lungs, brought on by an attack of typhoid fever, induced him in 1888 to come to Los Angeles in search of a milder climate. His first occupation here was to serve as a reporter for the _Times_, and then for the morning _Herald_. In 1891, he was elected Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce; and during the six years of his incumbency he raised the membership from one hundred and fifty to a thousand, at the same time contributing in a powerful manner to the leading part played by this organization in the fight for a free harbor. During that period also, in conjunction with Frank A. Pattee and Harry Brook (both well-known wielders of the pen), he started the _Land of Sunshine_ (six months later taken over by Charles F. Lummis, as editor, and in 1902 renamed the _Out West Magazine_;) while in 1897 he assumed the management of the Los Angeles _Express_, from which he resigned two years later. In 1892, he organized with others the Municipal League, serving it ever since as either Secretary or Vice-President, and in the same energetic way in which he toiled as Secretary of the Associated Jobbers. In his literary capacity, Willard has been equally efficient, being the author of a compact _History of Los Angeles_, a _History of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce_, _The Free Harbor Contest_ and a high school text-book on city government, all of which, as well as contributions to the San Francisco _Argonaut_, have been favorably received by a discerning public.

Frank Wiggins' name is considered by many of his friends a synonym for that of the Chamber of Commerce. Like his predecessor, Charles D. Willard, Wiggins came to California for his health; and upon its restoration, identified himself with the Chamber of Commerce on September 17th, 1889, becoming Secretary in 1897. Although ferociously bewhiskered, he is the mildest and best-natured man in town. He has had charge, in all parts of the country, of many exhibits so unique and so successful that he is known from coast to coast.

On May 24th, 1913, while many thousand people were assembled at Long Beach for a Southern California celebration of Empire Day, one of the worst of local catastrophes occurred through the caving-in of the defective floor of a crowded dancing pavilion. Medical and police aid were at once despatched from Los Angeles; but the result of the accident, the death of forty persons and injury to many more, cast a deep spell over the two cities.

Dr. Charles F. Lummis, assisted by other public-spirited men and women of Los Angeles including Lieutenant-General Adna R. Chaffee[54] (the first President), Joseph Scott, Mrs. Clara B. Burdette, Miss Mary E. Foy, M. H. Newmark and William Lacy, on the last day of 1907 incorporated the Southwest Museum.[55] On the 1st of March, 1910, Dr. Lummis, celebrating his fifty-first birthday, conveyed to the Museum his priceless collection of _Americana_. A sightly eminence of seventeen acres near Sycamore Grove was secured; and on November 16th, 1912, ground was broken with the formalities usual to such events, the first spadeful being turned by Miss Elizabeth Benton Frémont, daughter of the Pathfinder, followed by General Chaffee and Dr. Lummis. An inspiring feature of the day was the raising by Miss Frémont and General Chaffee of the same flag that on August 16th, 1842 General Frémont had unfurled on the crest of the Rocky Mountains. On this occasion Henry W. O'Melveny presented a certified check for fifty thousand dollars, the bequest of Mrs. Carrie M. Jones. This auspicious beginning was followed, on July 9th, 1913, by the pouring of the first concrete.[56] How broadly and well those have built who planned this much-needed institution may be seen from both the distinguishing architectural features of the structure, including the caracole tower of cement, and the location--one of the most notable occupied by any museum in the United States.

Dr. J. A. Munk, an Ohioan, to whom I have just referred, has not been in Los Angeles as long as many others, having arrived only in 1892, but he is known among his friends for his charming personality, and among historians and scientists for his splendid collection of _Arizoniana_--commenced on his first trip to Arizona in 1884--all of which has been given to the Southwest Museum.

Among the features of the Southwest Museum is the large square, or so-called Torrance Tower, the funds for which were generously provided by Jared S. Torrance, whose residence in Pasadena dates from 1887. In that year he came from the Empire State; and ever since he has been an active participator in the development of Southern California. The town of Torrance is an example of his enterprise.

My sixty years' residence in Los Angeles has been by no means free from the ordinary family cares, vicissitudes and sorrows, and it seems proper that I should refer to the physicians who, in times of illness, have ministered to the comfort of my home and its inmates. Our first doctor was John S. Griffin, and he continued in that capacity until I left for New York. Shortly before 1873, Dr. Griffin, whose advancing age compelled him to withdraw from general practice, had been calling Dr. Joseph Kurtz into consultation; and it was then that the latter became my family physician. For a short time, I consulted Dr. Charles A. H. De Szigethy, a relic of the old school, whose nauseating doses were proverbial; and then Dr. John R. Haynes, now well known as an advocate of Socialism, who had arrived from Philadelphia in May, 1887, assumed the responsibility. Again a long period elapsed before events caused a change. In the year 1897, my nephew, Dr. Philip Newmark, came to Los Angeles from Berlin and succeeded Dr. Haynes.

Notwithstanding these mutations and cares, my friends have often insisted that I am quick and perhaps even sprightly for my age, and have more than once asked to what I attribute this activity and alertness. It is due, I think, first, to the inheritance from my parents of a strong constitution; and, secondly, to the preservation of my health by a moderate, though never over-abstemious, manner of living.

To begin with, ever since I traveled with my father in Sweden, I have kept my mind healthfully employed, while I have never long deprived myself of rest. I have also always used tobacco and liquor in moderation; and in this connection I can testify that, although wine and beer were at the free disposal of my children, they have grown up to use it either most temperately or not at all. This fact I ascribe to liberal views on such subjects; for it has always been my belief that to prohibit is to invite, whereas to furnish a good example and at the same time to warn, is to insure rational restriction and limitation. In short, in preparation for a vigorous old age, I have followed as closely as I could the ancient ideal, "A sound mind in a sound body."

At the age of nineteen, I came to Los Angeles; and after a lapse of exactly sixty years--that is, on October 21st, 1913--I find myself completing these reminiscences, ruminating on the past, and attempting a prophecy for the future.

A battle of eighty years with the world cannot, in the nature of human affairs, leave any man or woman unscarred; but I have learned many things, and among them the consolations of philosophy. It would be presumption on my part to make complaint against the inscrutable decrees of that Providence which guides the destinies of us all; I dwell, rather, on the manifold blessings which have been my lot in this life--the decision of Fate which cast my lines in the pleasant places of Southern California; the numerous excellent and estimable friends whom I have met on life's highway; the many years of happiness vouchsafed me to enjoy; and, finally, whatever degree of success has attended my more serious efforts.

When I came, Los Angeles was a sleepy, ambitionless adobe village with very little promise for the future. The messenger of Optimism was deemed a dreamer; but time has more than realized the fantasies of those old village oracles, and what they said would some day come to pass in Los Angeles, has come and gone, to be succeeded by things much greater still. We possessed however, even in that distant day, one asset, intangible it is true, but as invaluable as it was intangible--the spirit popularly called "Western," but which, after all, was largely the pith of transferred Eastern enterprise. This characteristic seized upon a vast wilderness--the same which Daniel Webster declared, in the Senate of the United States, unworthy of membership in the sisterhood of States; and within this extensive area it builded great cities, joined its various parts with steel and iron, made great highways out of the once well-nigh impassable cattle-paths, and from an elemental existence developed a complex civilization. Nor is there to-day in all this region a greater or finer city than fair Los Angeles.

Many of us saw it grow; none of us foresaw that growth, even from decade to decade.

"Westward the course of empire takes its way." When Bishop Berkeley so poetically proclaimed this historic truth, even he could hardly have had in mind the shores of the Pacific; but here we have an empire, and one whose future is glorious. This flourishing city stands, in fact, with its half million or more human beings and its metropolitan activities, at the threshold of a new era. The operations of Nature change so slowly as to show almost no change at all: the Southern California of the coming years will still possess her green hills and vales, her life-giving soil, her fruits, flowers and grain, and the same sun will shine upon her with the same generous warmth, out of the same blue sky, as ever. The affairs of men, on the other hand, change rapidly. After gigantic labor initiated but ten short years ago, the Panamá Canal is dedicated to the use of mankind, and through its crowded waters will come the ships of every nation, bringing to the marts of Los Angeles choice products to be exchanged for our own. For this and other reasons, I believe that Los Angeles is destined to become, in not many years, a world-center, prominent in almost every field of human endeavor; and that, as nineteen hundred years ago the humblest Roman, wherever he might find himself, would glow with pride when he said, "I am a Roman!" so, in the years to come, will the son of the metropolis on these shores, wheresoever his travels may take him, be proud to declare,

"I AM A CITIZEN OF LOS ANGELES!"

FOOTNOTES:

[50] In 1914, Fredericks was the Republican candidate for the Governorship of California.

[51] Even while this manuscript is being revised, the name of another Angeleño--that of the lamented A. C. Bilicke, a self-made man of large accomplishments, who perished on May 7th, 1915, in the awful destruction of the _Lusitania_--is added to the scrolls of the ill-starred.

[52] The formal dedication took place on November 5th, 1913.

[53] During the night of January 21st, 1914, Willard died--on the anniversary of his birth.

[54] Died on November 1st, 1914.

[55] The present officers are: President, Dr. Norman Bridge; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. Clara B. Burdette, Joseph Scott and J. S. Torrance; Founder Emeritus, Charles F. Lummis; Treasurer, Stoddard Jess; Curator, Hector Alliot; Directors, Dr. Norman Bridge, Robert N. Bulla, Mrs. Clara B. Burdette, E. P. Clark, Charles F. Lummis, Dr. J. A. Munk, M. H. Newmark, Joseph Scott and J. S. Torrance.

[56] On December 6th, 1913, the corner-stone for the building already looming large was laid by the Rt. Reverend Thomas J. Conaty--the broad-minded, scholarly and much-respected Bishop of Monterey and Los Angeles, who died on September 18th, 1915--and by General Chaffee.

INDEX

A

Abalones, 427; shells as jewelry, 261; gatherer trapped, 428

Abarca, Luis (Louis), 63

Abarta, Señorita, 526

Abbotsford Inn, 566, 627

Abbott, William and Mrs. (_née_ Garcia), 186

Abell, J. B., 543

Ábila, Francisco, 100

Ábila, H., 403

Ábila, José María and Señora, 100

Ábila ranch, 447; springs, 210

Abolitionists, 296, 308

_Acacia latifolia_, 544

Acapulco, 359

Acorns, as Indian food, 203

Aqueduct, Owens River, 50

_Active_, U. S. ship, 251

Adams, Lionel J., 636

Adams, Professor, 419

Adams Street, 459

Adams & Co., 242

_Ada Hancock_, disaster to steamer, 75, 109, 132, 154, 295,
300, 316, 319, 329

Adelsdorfer Bros., 120

Adler, Adelaide (later Mrs. Samuel Hellman), 142

Adler, Caroline (later Mrs. I. M. Hellman), 142

Adobe, municipal and county, 36, 40, 41, 209, 256, 324, 338,
530

Adobes, 31, 32, 38, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 73, 76, 78, 80,
81, 94, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 109, 113, 115, 119, 121,
124, 134, 147, 165, 167, 193, 197, 202, 220, 256, 257, 263,
293, 317, 335, 343, 347, 372, 376, 396, 444, 466, 492, 510,
518, 620

_Adrienne Lecouvreur_, Modjeska in, 494

Advertisements, 137, 151, 177, 281, 292, 297, 396, 422, 465,
469, 486, 492, 558; pictures in, 356

Advertising, freak, 571; boom --, 573ff.

Æneas, xiii

Africa, 193, 211

Agricultural Park, 462, 640; -- Society, 426

Agua Caliente, 50, 92, 414

_Aguardiente_, 134, 278

Aguilar, Casildo, 147

Aguilar, Cristóbal, 66, 98, 100, 120, 366, 445

Aguilar, José María, 210

Aguirre, José António, 174

Aguirre, Martin G., 551

Alameda Street, 63, 112, 187, 197, 201, 304, 383, 394, 400,
408, 493, 562

Alamitos, Los, 599, 520

Alamitos Bay, 374, 630

Alamitos ranch, 166, 329

Alaska, 397, 463, 602

Albacore, 628

Albino, exhibition of, 186

Albuquerque, 222

Alder, 197

Alder, Captain, 251

Alexander, David W., 23, 35, 38, 43, 61, 64, 74, 120, 218,
343, 350, 441, 500; Mrs. -- (formerly Mrs. Francis Mellus),
227; -- & Banning, 218; -- & Mellus, 62, 151

Alexander, Frank, 206

Alexander, George, 639, 642

Alexander, George C., 74, 194, 297

Alexander, Henry N., 39, 241, 260; Mrs. --, 39

Alexander, Ramón (Raimundo), 59, 64, 193

Alexandria Hotel, 77, 639

Alfilaria, 126

Alhambra and A. Tract, 445, 454, 563, 628

Alisal, El, 543

_Aliso, El_, 198

_Aliso_, meaning of, 197

Aliso Mill, 198, 218, 303, 499

Aliso Road, 198, 412; -- Street, 71, 112, 197, 198, 238,
288, 292, 400

Aliso Vineyard, 197, 198

Allanson, Horace S., 62, 256

Allen Block, 372

Allen, Charles H., 532

Allen, Gabriel, 221

Allen, Jesse, 414, 416

Alliot, Hector, 635, 636, 647

Alosta, 579; Lamar's Addition to, 579

_Alta California_, 270

Altadena, 178, 337

Alta Vista, 579

Alton, John, 606

Altschul, Richard, 230

Alvarado house, the, 115

Alvitre, Felipe, 139

Alvitre, José Claudio, 147

Amat, Thaddeus, 189, 279

America, foreign ideas as to, 361

_America_, steamship, 149

American Bakery, 405

American boy, first born here, 33

American Colony, 521

American Express Co., 234

American Fork, 155

Amestoy, Domingo, 310, 421; -- Building, 537

_Amigo del Pueblo, El_, 308

_Amigos, Los dos_, 64

Amo, Dr. del, 174

Amusements, 102, 124, 135, 161, 182, 183, 186, 192, 229,
263, 282, 286, 318, 352, 372, 381, 383, 384, 409, 422, 463,
488, 547, 569, 592, 596, 605

Anaheim, 177, 212, 309, 329, 376, 398, 401, 406, 441, 451,
526, 580, 593

Anaheim, proposed County of, 406, 593

_Anaheim Gazette_, 414

Anaheim Landing, 366

Anchorage, 404

_Ancon_, steamer, 465

Anderson, D., 83, 297

Anderson, J. A., 638

Anderson, John, 476

Anderson, W. P., 627

Andersonville, 295

Andrews, Harry E., 616

Anecdotes, 43, 51, 52, 53, 56, 82, 141, 151, 155, 162, 175,
176, 177, 183, 190, 196, 222, 269, 283, 300, 301, 325, 336,
337, 338, 345, 419, 458, 474, 492, 523, 579, 598, 610

Angelus Hotel, 508

Angels, City of the, 25, 68

Animals, Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to, 548

Antelope Station, 415

Apablasa, Juan, 31

Apache Indians, 188, 415

Apothecaries' Hall, 156

Appleton & Co., D., 589; _Appleton's Journal_, 430

Apponyi, C. E., 559

Arbuckle, Samuel G., 36, 65

Arcade Depot, 112

Arcadia, 574, 578, 579

Arcadia Block, 77, 186, 214, 226, 229, 256, 272, 293, 309,
313, 338, 342, 343, 537, 545

Arcadia, Doña (see under Baker, Bandini, Stearns)

Arcadia Hall (see Stearns Hall)

Arcadia Hotel, 314, 568, 580

Arcadia Street, 226, 408, 518

Archæological Institute of America, 626

Archer Freight and Fare Bill, 489

Archibald, John, 412

Archives, L. A., removed to San Francisco, 231

Ardinger, William C., 150

Arenas, Luis, 179, 210

_Argonaut_, San Francisco, 525, 647

Arguello, Concepción, 99

Arguello, María António, 473

Arguello, Refúgio, 255

Arguello, Santiago, 99, 177, 255

Arizona, 222, 354, 361, 366, 370, 414, 430, 431, 450, 507,
510, 514, 542, 587, 648

_Arizona, Bibliography of_, 636

_Arizoniana_, 648

Arlington Heights, 357

Armory Hall, 205; new --, 579; --, San Francisco, 312

Armour, Phil D., 582; -- & Co., 582, 623

Arnold, Thomas, 422

Arroyo de los Reyes, 450

Arroyo Seco, 225, 401, 448

Artesian wells and water company, 192, 313, 574

Arza, Syriaco, 262

Asparagus, 125

Asphalt, 114; for sidewalks, 114, 287

Aspinwall, 315

Assayers, 130

Associated Jobbers of Los Angeles, 619, 635, 637; of
Southern California, 619

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railroad, 63, 83, 123, 153, 482,
556, 562, 569, 570, 576, 581, 585, 597, 603, 614, 619; coast
line, 589; depot, 477, 586; first train, 549

Atkinson, Samuel, 393

Atlantic & Pacific Railroad, 614

Atlantic States, imports from, 151

Auctioneers and auctioneering, 155, 281, 349, 379, 483, 484,
523, 578, 580

Austin, Henry C., 427, 434

Australia, 160, 439, 544; noted --n convict, 21

Austria, 564; Austrian Verein, 584

Automobiles, 626

Avalon, 430, 522, 568

Averill, Anna, 533

Aviation meet, first, 639

Ávila, Juan, 262

Axtell, S. B., 397, 399

Ayers, James J., 427, 499, 501, 556, 614

_Ayuntamiento_, 100

Aztec, derivation from the, 364

Azusa and Azusa ranch, 87, 162, 174, 326, 476, 578, 579

B

Babylon, xi

Bachman, Felix, 66, 212, 256, 275, 290; -- & Co., 223, 290,
332; -- & Bauman, 61

Baer, Abraham, 337; Mrs. --, 338, 409

Baer, Henry, 337

Baer, John Willis, 566

Bahama Islands, 14

Bahia, Brazil, 451

Bailes, 528

Baker, Arcadia (_née_ Bandini), 215, 255, 568

Baker, Charles K., 206

Baker, Edward Dickenson, 285

Baker, Francis, 221

Baker, Frederick, xv

Baker, Fred L., 592, 639

Baker, George the, 192

Baker, Horace, xv

Baker, J. H., 447

Baker, Milo, 592; -- Iron Works, 592

Baker, R. S., 143, 181, 215, 255, 421, 437, 459, 467, 479,
510, 568, 586

Baker, Mrs. T. J., 214

Baker Block, 70, 356, 510, 517, 518, 556

Bakers and bakeries, 77, 191, 244, 311, 332, 367, 368

Bakersfield, 143, 453, 496

Baldwin, E. J. ("Lucky"), 282, 421, 474, 475, 478, 510, 526;
--'s Grain Warehouse, 475; -- Hotel, 475

Baldwin & Co., 130

Baldwin, Jeremiah, 587

Baldwin, John M., 450

Ball, W. F., 551

_Ballad of Bouillabaisse_, 118

Ballestero, María, 99

Ballona, La, 179, 299, 321, 359, 375, 460, 580; Port --,
581; --Railroad, 576

Balls, 109, 284, 427

Banbury, Colonel, 579

Bandini, Alfredo, 255

Bandini, Arcadia (later Señora Stearns and Señora Baker),
255

Bandini, Arcadia (later Mrs. J. T. Gaffey), 631

Bandini, Arturo, 255

Bandini, Dolores (later Mrs. Johnson), 255

Bandini, Dolores (later Mrs. Ward), 631

Bandini, José María, 255

Bandini, Josefa (later Señora P. C. Carrillo), 255

Bandini, Juan 109, 135, 183, 254, 391, 631; Señora -- (_née_
Estudillo), 255; Señora -- (_née_ Arguello), 255

Bandini, Juan B., 631

Bandini, Juan de la Cruz, 255

Bandini, Juanito, 255

Bandini, Margarita (later Mrs. J. B. Winston), 183, 255

Bandits (_bandidos_), 206, 333, 453

Bangs, Mrs. Emma C., 532

Banks and bankers, 171, 242, 416, 423, 435, 466, 467, 482;
first --, 372; b. failures, 423, 479, 482; B. of California,
477, 478; -- of L. A., 423; Commercial --, 472; First Nat'l
--, 472. (See Farmers & Merchants' --.)

Banning, Hancock, 522, 568, 606

Banning, J. B., 522, 568

Banning, Phineas, 23, 35, 42, 74, 157, 199, 218, 236, 248,
250, 274, 276, 283, 296, 301, 306, 313, 320, 321, 322, 327,
343, 345, 346, 353, 354, 356, 361, 363, 368, 370, 375, 394,
410, 412, 421, 426, 441, 495, 500, 507, 548, 562, 568; --
Mrs. (_née_ Sanford), 320; (_née_ Hollister), 368, 411; -- &
Alexander, 187; -- & Co., 290, 302, 336, 343, 344, 395; -- &
Hinchman, 274, 307, 313

Banning, William, 522, 568

Banquets, 254, 399, 594, 595, 630,

Barbecues, 145, 202

Barbers, 137, 297, 396, 412, 420; as surgeons, 297

Barcelona, Spain, 490

Barclay, H. A., 520

Barham, Guy B., 643

Barham, Richard M., 643

Barker, Obadiah Truax, 518; -- & Mueller, O. T. -- & Sons,
-- Bros., 518

Barker, partner of Corbitt, 244

Barker, W. A., 606

Barley, 247, 331, 354, 386, 534

Barnard Bros., 450

Barnes & Co., A. S., 418

Barnum, P. T., 13

Barracuda, 127

Barrett, Lawrence, 588

Barri, Juan, 62, 65; -- & Mascarel Block, 189

Barrows, Henry Dwight, 69, 106, 141, 200, 202, 219, 224,
246, 284, 315, 355, 419, 483, 541, 614; Mrs. -- (_née_
Wolfskill), 142; (_née_ Woodworth), 142; (_née_ Greene), 142

Barrows, James Arnold, 142; Mrs. --, xv

Barrows, Prospero, xv

Barter, George W., 414

Bartlett, A. G., 68, 579

Bartolo, Paso de, 180

Barton, James R., 36, 55, 81, 118, 139, 179, 206ff., 223,
244, 275; -- & Nordholt, 61; -- Vineyard, 281

Bartow, Mrs. R. C., xv

Baruch, Jacob, 367, 425, 619, 634, 635

Baseball, called town-ball, 596

Bashford, Levi, 416

Basques, 310, 549

Bassett, J. M., 450

Bastanchury, Domingo, 310

Batcheller, Charles L., 598

Bathing, in ocean, 466; in river, 116; in _zanjas_, 322

Baths and bathrooms, 92, 119, 210, 371, 396

Bath Street, 210; -- School, 33, 190, 389, 419

Bath, A. L., 358, 614

Bayer, Joe, 231; -- & Sattler, 230

Beaches, excursions to, 250, 429, 486, 487; growing
popularity of, 394

Beale, E. F., 143, 222, 285, 459; --'s Route, 222; -- &
Baker, 437

Beale, Truxton, 460

Beal(l), B. L., 204, 317, 469

Bean, J. H., 50; --'s Volunteers, 47

Beane, Charles E., 446

Beans, 332; castor --, 364

Bears, 195, 291, 337, 447

Bear Valley Mines, 247, 268

Beard, A. S., 36

Beau de Zart, Fred W., 559

Beaudry, Prudent, 61, 70, 73, 128, 132, 142, 164, 165, 211,
291, 292, 342ff., 353, 362, 365, 366, 372, 386, 408, 412,
417, 449, 558, 567, 618

Beaudry, Victor, 241, 386, 558, 567

Beaudry Avenue, 74

Beaudry & Marchessault, 247

Beaumont, 579

Beckley, Anna McConnell, xv

Beckwith, Jim, 63

Beebe, J. W., 339

Beebe, Richard, 543

Beecher, Henry Ward, 497

Beel, Sigmund, xv

Beer, 123, 230, 258, 272, 273, 402; -- gardens, 193, 409,
460

Beers, G. A., 455

Bees and beehives, 81, 127, 494

Beet-sugar, 388; first factory, 598

Behn, John, 64, 86, 364

Behn, Louisa, 364

Behrendt, Casper, 72, 270, 271

Behrendt, Samuel, xv

Behymer, Lynden Ellsworth, 607

Belgian hare aberration, 608

Bell, Alexander, 57, 61, 383, 429; Mrs. --, 38, 61, 133

Bell, Horace, 35, 57

Bell, Jacob, 40, 419

Bell, Major, 224

_Bell, Song of the_, 119

Bell Street, 61

Bella Union, 25, 27, 80, 92, 93, 94, 110, 136, 150, 154,
169, 183, 184, 219, 223, 226, 227, 228, 229, 245, 250, 251,
256, 265, 269, 271, 272, 291, 306, 316, 327, 341, 347, 348,
349, 354, 358, 362, 369, 380, 397, 398, 399, 400, 436, 469,
472

Bella Union, San Francisco, 22

Belleville, 268

Bellevue Terrace, 532, 559

Bells, Plaza Church, 101

Bell's Row or Block, 27, 57, 61, 119, 362

Bellue, Marius, 551

Belmont, the, 559

Belmont Hall, 563

Belshaw (of Judson & --), 385

Benedict, Samuel W., 476

Bengough, E., and the -- School, 494

Benjamin, P. A., 635

Benjamina, 528

Benner, John, 78; Mrs. --, 527

Bennett, "Hog," 78

Bent, Arthur S., xv

Bent, Henry Kirk White, 386, 443, 446

Bergin, J. J. and W. B., 470

Berkeley, George, 650

Berlin, University of, 624

Bernard, Juan, 63, 200, 280, 366; Mrs. --, 63

Bernero, George, 554

Bernstein, Fanny, 535

Berry, D. M., 412, 447ff., 483

Berry, George, 138

_Bessie_, steamboat, 387

Best, John T., 352

Bethune, 579

Betting on races, 160; with cattle, merchandise, land, 161

_Between the Gates_, 514

Beythien, Cyrus, 212

Bicknell, Frederick T., 488

Bicknell, John D., 468, 488, 540, 555, 597, 598, 626; -- &
White, 540

Bicycles, 626

Bien, William, 605

Biggs, Peter, 60, 137, 138, 330

Bigotry, Russian, 5; a later phase of local social life, 383

Bilderback Brothers, 424

Bilderback, J. F., 330

Bilderback, Dora, xv

Bilderrain, Jesus, 432

Bilicke, A. C., 492, 606, 644

Bill (Hickey), the Waterman, 116, 117, 350

Billiards and b. tables, 81, 261, 384

_Billy Blossom_, race horse, 282

Binford, Joe, 373, 545

Bird, O. B., 567

Birdsall, Elias, 339, 340

Bishop, Samuel A., 143; -- & Beale, 143, 234

Bishop & Co., 444, 545

Bissell, W. A., 619

Bits (coin), 162, 279, 461; (harness), 159

Bixby, Eula P., 355

Bixby, John W., 421, 520

Bixby, Jotham, 67, 166, 403, 421, 422, 467, 520; -- & Co.,
521

Bixby, Llewellyn, 67, 421

_Black Bess_, circus horse, 453

Black, George N., 639

Blacking, early, 4

_Black Maria_, 118

Blacksmiths, 82, 115, 140, 153, 213, 231, 340, 357, 358

Blackstone, N. B., 536

_Black Swan_, race horse, 160, 161; dray, 279

_Black Warrior_, race horse, 282

Blair, Widow, 184

Blanchard F. L., 68; -- Hall, 68, 536

Blanchard, J. H., 597

Blanco, Miguel, 209

Bland, Adam, 103, 246; Mrs. --, 106

Blankets, Mexican, 29, 158

Bleeding, 297

Blinn, L. W., 606

Blond, J. H., 94

Bloodsworth, Harry, 58

Bluett, W. C., 606

_Blue Jim_, carrier pigeon, 430

Blue Wing Shaving Saloon, 396

Blum, A., 608

B'nai B'rith, 314, 338, 339, 608; used for Christian
worship, 618

Boar, wild, 447

Board of Education, 105, 162, 187, 190, 211, 216, 262, 321,
354, 388, 538, 539, 547, 626

Board of Trade, attempt to organize, 425, 537, 569, 586, 634

Boardman, William E., 246

Boehme, George, 480

Bohen, Daniel, 356; -- Lodge, 402

Bollo, Santiago, 78

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 1

Bonebrake, George H., 539, 587

Bonita Tract, 579

Bonnets, all of one pattern, 132

Bonshard, F., 413

Book, J. H., 587

Bookbinders, 213, 410

Bookstores, 428

Boom, development of the Great, 569; height of, 581;
collapse of, 582; activities of tricksters, 573; advertising
during, 573-580; assessments, 582; purchases of land by
non-residents, 582; 174, 232, 367, 379, 556, 559, 560, 563,
568, 569ff., 590, 604

Boom, early real estate, 401

Boorham, George, 153

Bootblacks, 396

Booth, Edwin, 494, 588

Booth, Willis H., 631

Boot-jacks, 87

Boots, 86, 158

Boquist, C. V., xv Borax and Owens Lake, 387

Bordenave & Co., Émile, 279

Bors, the miller, 351

_Boston_, clipper-brig, 237

Boston Dry Goods Store, 536

Boston, market for wool, 438; fire, 438

Boswell, James, xi

_Bota de agua_, 195

Botello, Refúgio, 78

Bothnia, Gulf of, 5

_Boticas_, 110

Botiller, D., 63

Boundary League, 622

Bouelle, A., 385

Bouelle, Frank A., 385

Bounties to encourage silk industry, 390

Bouton, Edward, 374, 472

Bovard, F. D., 516

Bovard, M. M., 516, 566

Bowman, Mary, xv

Boyce, H. H., 555

Boyle, Andrew, 198, 232; Mrs. --, 232; -- Avenue, 220; --
Heights, 198, 202, 232, 374, 492, 551, 598

Boynton, H. R., 635, 637

Bradbury, John, 607

Bradbury Block, 513, 614

Bradfield, Mason, 418

Bradfield, Mrs. C. P., 418

Bradley, C. H., 377

Brady, Bill, 160

Brady, James D., 81

Brandy for tropics, 14; S. Calif. --, 200, 238

Branding iron, 83, 242

_Brasero_, 113

Braun, Frederick William, 469, 589, 619, 635, 637, 638

Brea, 114, 287, 346

Brea _rancho_, la, 37, 114, 287, 407, 645

Breakwaters, 426, 618

Breckenridge, John C., 282; -- Democrats, 285

Breed Block, 192

Breer, Louis, 153, 239

Bremerman, hotel-keeper, 380

Brent, J. Lancaster, 35, 45, 47, 105, 178, 243, 295, 325,
512; --Street, 47

Brentano, Mrs. Arthur, 71

Breweries: Gambrinus, 258; Henne, 230, 259; New York, 258;
Philadelphia, 197, 500; brewer at Anaheim, 213

Brewster, "Professor," 527

Bricks and b. making, 63, 83, 115, 226, 233, 256, 269, 355,
367, 396; champion b. layer, 550

Bridge, Norman, 595, 647

Bridger, Jim, 171

Bridger, Joe, 421

Bridles, 85, 159

Brierly, John R., 464

Briggs, Mary A., 201, 608

Briggs, Samuel, 201, 280

Brinckerhoff, John, 107

Briswalter, Andrew, 124, 125

Broad Acres, McCoy's Addition to, 579

Broadway, naming of, 466, 511, 588, 592

Broadway Department Store, 613

Broaded, John, 471

Brock, Alvan D., 574

Brode, Charles, 624

Brode, Hilda, 624

Broderick, David Colbert, 130

Brodie, John P., 190

Brodrick, W. J., 180, 280, 365, 383, 389, 443, 446, 461,
462, 483, 489, 562; -- & Reilly, 428

Bromberg, Prussia, 3

Bromley, Allan, xv

Broncos, 243

Brook, Harry, 646

Brookside Vineyard, 281

Broom-making, 261

Brousseau, Julius, 597

Brown, stage-driver, 414, 416

Brown, Dave, 46, 139ff.

Brown, Jason, 530

Brown, John of Ossawatomie, 530

Brown, Owen, 530

Brown, Thomas B., 363, 587, 597

Brown, Tom, 363

Brown, William M., 444

Brown's Restaurant, 279

Browne, J. Ross, 333

Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 264

Brownstein & Louis, 601

Brownstein, Newmark & Louis, 601

_Browsings in an Old Book Shop_, 612

Brun, murdered peddler, 323

Brundige, H. W., 623

Brunson, Anson, 517, 520, 521, 586, 593; -- & Eastman, 476;
-- Eastman & Graves, 476; -- & Wells, 517

Brunswig Drug Co., 224

Brush Electric Lighting Co., 535

Bry, Theresa, 225

Bryan, William J., 613

Bryant, J. S., 455

Bryant, Joseph, 320

Bryson, John, 538; -- Block, 105, 539, 563

Buchanan, James, 163, 214, 219, 231, 239

Buckboards, 375, 414

Bucket-brigade, 119

Buckskin Bill, 424

Buddin, Henry, 527

Buehner, Valentin, xv

Buffum, William, 67, 381, 466; -- & Campbell, 416; --'s
Saloon, 405

Buggies, spring, 417

Buhn, Susan, 229

Bulkhead Bill, 269

Bull-fights, 161, 182, 282

Bulla, Robert N., 540, 647

Bullard, Rose, xv

Bullard Block, 67, 115, 229, 240, 449

_Bulletin, The Commercial_, 559

_Bulletin_, San Francisco, 284, 285

Bullock's Department Store, 382

Bumiller Block, 530

Bunker Hill, 563, 622; -- tunnel, 622

_Buñuelo_, 102

Burbank, David, 578

Burbank, Luther, 315

Burbank, 578, 579

Burbank Theater, 170, 578

Burdette, Clara B., 588, 647

Burdette, Robert J., 588

Burdick, Cyrus, 90, 127

Burdick, Helen L., 90

Burdick, Lucretia, 106

Burglaries, 486

Burgundy, 398

Burials, 307, 406, 409, 430; private --, 494, 520

Burke, J. H., 84, 115, 340

Burland, Captain, 10ff.

_Burlington Hawkeye_, 588

Burnett, Sir Robert, 445

Burnham, R. W., 545, 606, 613, 634

Burns, J. F., 67, 106, 208, 209, 339, 381, 395, 405, 420,
424, 433, 466; Mrs. --, 209

Burns, Hôtel de, 413

Burns, J. O., xv

Burns & Buffum, 466

Burr-clover, 126

Burrill, George Thompson, 56, 57, 171, 190

Burrill, S. Thompson, 51, 57

Burros, 272, 544, 583

Burton, George W., and Mrs., 356, 373; --'s School, 356;
_Burton's Book on California_, 373

Busbard & Hamilton, 490

Business, center of, 214; -- conditions in the fifties, 129;
--depression, 334, 339; -- district, extension of area, 518,
570; --methods, 62, 311; -- prosperity, 289; --
specialization, lack of, 189, 280; --, temporary closing of,
65, 81; --, trend northward, 511

Butler, visit of Benjamin F., 522

Butler, George, 217, 389

Butler, Sam, 404

Butterfield, John, 234, 301; -- & Co., 234; -- routes and
stages, 143, 234, 235, 259, 285, 361, 375

Butters, First Mate, 154

Butts, William, 133, 447

C

_Caballero_, 85, 158

_Caballos de silla_, 157

Cabbage, 125, 272

Cable railway, first, 546, 563; Boyle Heights --, 594;
Downey Avenue --, 594; Second Street --, 559, 563, 594;
Temple Street --, 547, 558, 567, 594; -- viaduct, 594;
description of cars, 595

_Cachucha_, 135

_Cactus_, 126, 463; -- as food, 315

Cafeterías, then and now, 133

Cahen, Hippolyte, 549, 643; Mrs. --, 549

Cahen, Simon, 550

Cahen, Sophie, 465

Cahn, Nathan, 540

Cahuenga, 179, 196

Cajón Pass, 228

_Calabozos_, 66, 558

Caler, Otmar, 212

Calhoun, John C., 296

Caliente, 496

California, 6, 14; -- Constitutional Convention, 47, 48, 49,
55, 89; admission of --, 22, 93; advertising -- in the East,
597; -- Governors from the Southland, 109, 269, 378, 540,
598, 617; -- Legislature, first speaker of, 185; Fourth --
Infantry, 318; -- soldiers in the Civil War, 294, 295, 300,
353; -- at the Centennial, 497, 498; unhealthy --
prosperity, 477; -- fauna, 645; -- fruits, first carload
shipments, 511; _California_, steamer, 346, 465; California
Central Railroad, 581; -- Editorial Association, 525; --
Fish Co., 628; --Hospital, 473; -- Silk Center Association,
391; -- State Telegraph Co., 307; University of --, 593; "--
on Wheels," 482

_California of the South_, 589

_California: for Health, Pleasure and Residence_, 624

_California and the Southern Coast Counties, History of_,
620

_Californian_, 93

_Calzoncillos_ and _calzoneras_, 158

Camels and camel-express, 222, 234, 297, 281, 316, 418, 543

Camino Real, El, 533, 627; -- guide posts, 628

Camp Alert, 303; -- Independence, 386; -- Latham, 299

Campbell, Alexander, 596

Campbell, Malcolm, xv

Campbell, Thompson, 146

Camphine, imported by J. P. Newmark, 34

Camping, 429

Camp meetings, 195

Camulos _rancho_, 40, 98, 347, 511, 531, 583

Cañada de Brea, la, 346

Canal & Reservoir Co., 372, 450

Candidates' announcements, 43, 283

Candles, 34, 183; for lighting tunnels, 502

Cannibal Islands, 93

Cañon Crest Park, 591

Canterbury, England, 469

_Capitol_, the, 612

Capitol Mills and Co., 87, 367

Caracole Tower, 648

Cárdenas, Anastácio, 372

Cárdenas, Ruperto, 372

Card-playing, 55, 81, 230

Cardwell, H. C., 125

Carizosa, Manuel, 549

Carleton, James Henry, 296, 299, 315

Carlisle, Laura E., 389

Carlisle, Robert and Mrs., 168, 197, 347, 348, 389

Carnations, 631

Carnegie Foundation, 567

_Carne seca_, 25

Carpenter, Frank J., 209

Carpenter, Joseph, 209

Carpenter, L., 417

Carpenter, Lemuel, 106, 172, 180, 261

Carpenters, 81, 203, 213

Carr, Charles E., 35, 36

Carr, J. E., 600

_Carrera_, 160

_Carretas_, 68, 83ff., 126, 135, 153, 192, 196, 528

Carriages and c. makers, 83ff., 184, 417

Carrier-pigeons, 430

Carrillo, J. A., 98, 99, 114, 396; Señora -- (_née_ Pico),
98;

Carrillo, Joaquín, 56, 57

Carrillo, J. J., 255, 510

Carrillo, Pedro C. and Mrs., 255

Carrillo, Ramón, 326

_Carrington_, ship, 121

Carroll, Gabe, xv

Carsley, Bob, 186

Carson, George, 174, 196, 217, 421; Mrs. --, 174, 217

Carson, J. W., xv

Carson, Kit, 187

Carson, Moses, 187

Carson River, 418

Carson Station, 217

Cartago, 387

Carter, Dr., 206

Carter, Nathaniel C., 442, 525; -- excursions, 442

_Casalinda_, 185

_Casamiento_, 136

_Cascarones_, 136

Cashin, John, 446

Cashmere goats, 127, 413

Cass, Alonzo B., 469, 484, 625; -- Bros. Stove Co., 484

Casson, C., 491

Castillo Rapids, 15

Castle, Walter M., xv

Castor-oil mill, 364

Castro, José, 178

Castruccio Bros., 550; James --, 549, 553

Caswell, Samuel B., 358, 441, 443, 449; -- & Ellis, 358; --,
Ellis & Wright, 358

Caswell, W. M., 358, 545

Catalina (see under Santa Catalina Island)

_Catalina, Antiquities of_, 558

Cathedral of Sancta Vibiana, 490

Catholics, Roman, 102, 103, 232

Cattle, 90, 95, 110, 160, 215, 263, 302, 332, 334; --, bet
on races, 160; branding of --, 182, 242; --, driven to Utah,
330; --, effect of drought on, 329; slaughtering of --, 302;
stampeding of --, 182; --, stolen by Indians, 275

Cauliflower, 125

Cawston, Edwin, 547; -- Ostrich Farm, 547

Caystile, Helen, 512

Caystile, Thomas, 512

Celery, 125

Cellars dug in hillsides, 233

Cemeteries: Evergreen, 104; at Flower and Figueroa, 104;
Fort Hill, 104, 280; Jewish, 104, 122, 317; Protestant, 103,
104, 280, 317; Roman Catholic, 103, 317; Rosedale, 104

Censorship, Federal, 371

Centenary of Los Angeles, 528

Centennial Exhibition, 355, 482, 493, 497, 499, 569, 605; --
parade, Philadelphia, 498; celebration in Los Angeles, 50,
365, 593

Centinela Ranch, 445

Central American village life, 16

Central Avenue, 378

Central Pacific Railroad, 388, 423, 440, 475, 497, 504

Central Park, 417

_Century Magazine_, 531

Cerradel, Manuel, 326

Cerritos, los, 166; -- _rancho_, 67, 166, 521

Cerro Gordo, 386; -- Freighting Co., 388; -- mines, 385

Chaffee, Adna R., 647

Chamber of Commerce, first, 425, 449, 450, 482, 489, 498,
503, 569

Chamber of Commerce, present, 334, 569, 589, 622, 634, 647;
--Building, 625

_Chamber of Commerce, History of the_, 646

Champagne, California, 199

Chandler, Harry, 616

_Chaparral_, 126

Chapels, private, 103

Chapin & Co., George W., 313

Chapman, Alfred Beck, 46, 52, 335, 351; Mrs. --, 46

Chapman, A. B., 516

Chapman, J. S., 476, 598

Chapman, Joseph, 87

Chapman, R. B., xv

Chapman, R. H., 594, 622

_Chapollin_, 232

Chapules, Calle de los, 232

Chapultepec, 232

Charity Street, 232, 355, 535

Charity, Sisters of, 189, 203, 210

Charles, Henry, 206

Charleston Harbor, 352

Charter, City, 587

Chartres Coffee Factory, 405

Chauvin, A. C., 383, 529, 550

Chauvin, Laura, 529

Chavez, Julian, 64; -- Ravine, 118; -- Street, 64

Chavez, Vasquez's aide, 453, 457

Chestnut trees, 163

Chevalier's Apothecary, 371

Chicago, fire at, 431; -- Grand Opera Co., 607; -- World's
Fair, 605

Chicken Thief, the, 220

Children, Society for Prevention of Cruelty to, 549

Children's Hospital, 70

Childs, M. W., 77

Childs, O. W., 69, 125, 127, 163, 201, 223, 231, 342, 353,
423, 428, 462, 495, 516, 543, 573; Mrs. -- and the naming of
streets, 201, 231; -- Avenue, 69; -- & Hicks, 69, 223; --
Grand Opera House, 464, 543, 588, 590

Childs, Mrs. O. W., Jr., 606

Chile, 332, 389, 542

_Chilicothe_, 364

Chilis, California, 87

Chimneys, 113

China, Revolution in, 645

Chinatown, 31, 434

Chinese, 31, 79, 123ff., 188, 261, 278, 297, 382, 389, 418,
428, 503; agitation against the --, 504; at the Centennial,
497; -- feuds, 432; first -- here, 123; -- goods and shops,
279, 298; -- Government demands indemnity, 435; -- junk,
427; -- massacre, 423ff.; -- music and festivals, 585; --
peddlers of vegetables, 514; -- priests and memorial
services, 435; -- trunks, 175; -- women, traffic in, 418,
432

Chino, 598; -- _rancho_, 38, 63, 167, 168, 175, 226, 347,
598

Chlapowski, Charles Bozenta, 494

Cholera in Prussia, 4

Cholo, Viejo, 277

Chop-house restaurants, 513

Christian worship in Jewish temple, 618

Christians, church of, 610

Christmas Eve celebration, 102

_Chronik_, Los Angeles, 388

_Chronicle_, San Francisco, 455

Chuckawalla (Chucky Valley), 414

Church festivals, 98

Church of Our Lady of Los Angeles, 100

Chute's Park, 463

Chuzzlewit, Martin, 571

Ciénega _rancho_, 357, 375, 460

Ciénega ó Paso de la Tijera, 275

Cigarettes, 252, 253; --, use by Vasquez, 459

Cigars, 253

Circuses, 186, 381, 453

Citrus fruits, 88; industry threatened by scale, 544

City Gardens, 200, 460

City Guards, 147

City Hall (adobe), 229, 256, 338, 379; (second), 105, 539;
(present), 314, 591, 593

City lots, 33, 36, 112, 125, 322, 379, 402, 539

City Market, auction of stalls, 258

City Marshal, last, 510

City officials, salaries of, 302

City of Paris store, 452, 540

Civic Center proposed, 510

Civil War, 47, 236, 289, 299, 305, 311, 323, 325, 330, 334,
339, 352, 353, 616; -- and aëronautics, 561

_Clamor Público, El_, 156, 333

Clams, 298

Clancy, J. H., xv

Clanmorris, Lord, 422

Clarendon Hotel, 469

_Clarissa Perkins_, bark, 107

Clark, Alice Taylor, 50

Clark, Arthur, 627

Clark, Eli P., 612, 647

Clark, J. Ross, 599, 644

Clark, Thomas B., 483

Clark, W., 308

Clark, Walter M., 644

Clark, William A., 599

Clark & Patrick, 559

Clark & Sons, Alvan, 567

Clarke, George J., 373, 431, 513

Classen, C. H., 252, 259

Clay, Henry, 93

Clayton Vineyard, 200

Clemente, vineyardist, 202

Cleveland, E. R., 543

Cleveland, Grover, 565, 590; Mrs. --, 474

Clifford, Pinckney, 139

Clifton-by-the-Sea, 632

Climate of Southern California, 271, 370, 382, 448;
advertising of, 525, 569, 571

Clinton, E. M., 254

Clock-tower, 241

Clover, Samuel T., 612, 635

Clubs, 230, 272, 383, 409, 473, 545, 600, 604, 607, 624 (see
also Turnverein)

Coal, blacksmith, 345; --, shipped at low rates, 557

Coal Creek, 155

Coal oil refined without distillation, 346

Coast freighting, 331

Coast Line Stage Co., 496

Coastwise boat service, 246, 366

Coates, Foster, 627

Coblentz, Joe, 372

Cock fights, 161

Coffin, Captain, 153

Coffin, John E., 634

Coffins, 208; use of one as bed, 492

Cohn, Albert, 551

Cohn, Bernard, 180, 383, 425, 550, 595

Cohn, Herman, xv

Cohn, Isaac, 409

Cohn, Kaspare and Mrs., 13, 249, 260, 353, 354, 376, 383,
414ff., 443, 444, 474, 480, 514, 549, 555, 561, 564, 613;
-- Hospital, 641; Kaspare Cohn & Co., 549

Cohn, Max, 451, 549

Cohn, Samuel, 13, 196, 353, 375, 444

Coins, early American, 247; bits, 162, 279; small coin
despised, 247; importation of foreign, 129, 267

Cole, Cornelius, 294

Cole, Louis M., 248

Cole, Nathan, 530

Cole, Nathan, Jr., 533

Colegrove, 612

Coleman, William T., 55

Colling, B. W., 401

Collyer, Vincent, 431

Colorado River, 38, 227, 228; -- Indians, 317

Colorado, proposed State of, 188, 241

Colorado Steam Navigation Co., 473

Colton, D. D., 303, 504; town of --, 549

_Comet_, 250, 290, 307

Commerce Court, 637

Commercial Bank, 472

Commercial Restaurant, 490, 538

Commercial Street, 36, 128, 189, 293, 383, 400, 401, 408,
472, 493, 578; New --, 401, 405

Commercial Street wharf, San Francisco, 237

Commercial Union Insurance Co., 280

Commission merchants, 310, 342, 434, 436

Compère, George, 474

Compton, G. D., 340, 516; Compton (Comptonville), 263, 340,
382, 393, 466, 574

Comstock Mines, 474, 477

Conaty, Thomas J., 626, 648

Concord coaches, 417

Confederates and the Confederacy, 295, 308, 311, 318, 323,
325, 337, 338

Confidence Engine Co., No. 2, 464, 500

Congregational Church, 622

Conscription, proposed, 323

Consolidated Electric Railway Co., 612

Consolidation of Los Angeles with harbor towns, 638

_Constantine_, steamer, 346, 465

_Contessa d'Amalfi_, 529

Continental Railway, 397

Continental telegraph, 307

Conway, C. R., 306, 315, 341, 350

Cooper, Bill, 471

Cooper Ornithological Society, 640

Copenhagen, 4, 6

Copley, Thomas, 233

Copp Building, 314

Coquillett, D. W., 544

Corbitt, William, 244; --, Dibblee & Barker, 170

Corn, 366

Coronel, António F., 36, 80, 105, 135, 171, 190, 201, 316,
441, 444, 530, 604, 608; Señora (Mariana, _née_ Williamson)
--, 444, 530, 604, 622; -- chapel, 103; -- home, 444, 530

Coronel, Manuel, 36

Coronel, Pancho, 426

Coronel, Ygnácio, 36, 98, 99, 105, 316; Señora, 105

Coronel Collection, 622

Coronel Street, 36

Coroner sleeps in coffin, 492

_Corpus Christi_, 101

_Correr el gallo_, 162

Corridors, 113

Corrugated iron buildings, 120, 190

_Cortez_, 19

Cortez, Hernando, xii

Corzina, María, 190

Cosmopolitan Hotel, 252, 469, 525

Cota, Francisco, 304

Cota, María Engracia (later Señora Dominguez), 535

Cotton, experiments in cultivating, 317

Coues, Elliott, xii

Coulter, B. F., 450, 510, 511, 610; -- & Harper, 372, 511;
-- Dry Goods Co., 511

Coulter, Frank M., 511, 545

Council Room, intolerable atmosphere of, 505, 524

County Court, 518; -- Judge, first, 518

County Medical Society, 423, 473

County Treasurer, work and emoluments, 260

Court house, -- Temple, 40, 240, 242, 286, 449; --, present,
301, 452

Court of Sessions, first, 176

Courtier, "Professor," 318

Courtroom, untenantable, 256; -- used for religious
services, 246, 314

Courts and court life, 45, 46, 50, 55, 56, 493, 560

Coutts, Cave J. and Mrs. -- (_née_ Bandini), 255

Covarrúbias, José María, 216

Covarrúbias, Nicolás, 592

Covent Garden, 360

Cowan, William K., 625

Cowboy sport, 510

Cow counties, 95

Cows and chickens, legislation governing, 572

_Coyote_, race horse, 262

Coyotes, 337, 391

Coyotes, Los, 166, 180

Crabb, Alexander, 150

Crabb, Henry A., 205

Crackers, first locally-baked, 77, 288

Cracroft, Mrs., 306

Craig, Robert L., 600, 619; Mrs. --, 600; -- & Stuart, 600;
-- & Co., R. L., 600

Crank, J. F., 585, 594

Craw, Alexander, 544

Crawford, James S., 390, 446

Crawford, Joseph U., 485

Crawley, J. M., 606

Credit, shaken, 328; -- system, little, 130