Chapter I: N D E X

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Abaga, successor of Hulagu, 248 Abbádán, town of, 157 Abba Selama, 268, 273 Abbásids, 83, 108, 116, 120 Abdalláh, Mansúr’s uncle, 113, 116, 141 Abdalláh, son of Moáwiya, 112 Abdalláh, opponent of Yakúb the Coppersmith, 183 Abderrahmán, founder of Omayyad dynasty in Spain, 143 Abíwerd, battle near, 202 Abú Bekr, 72 Abú Duláma, favourite of Mansúr, 135 Abul-Abbás. _See_ Motadid Abul-Abbás. _See_ Saffáh Abul-Alá al-Maarri, 96 Abulfaraj. _See_ Barhebræus Abú Lahab and Mohammed, 52 Abú Moslem, 111, 114, 115, 117 Abú Salama, 114 Abú Sufyán, head of Omayyad family, 78 Abyssinia, 257 Abyssinian Church, 273 Ahmed, Mongol sovereign, 250 Ahrún, father of Barhebræus, 236 Ahwáz, taken by the Zenj, 158, 161 Aïsha, wife of Mohammed, 78 Alí, son of Husain, 179 Alí, son of Mohammed, leader of the Zenj, 146 Alids, 108, 120, 121 Amr, brother and successor of Yakúb, 195 Amr, governor of Egypt, 81 Arabian philology, 17 Arabs, aristocratic feelings of, 12; political adaptability, 11; military talent, 14; intellectual ability, 15; poetry of, 18; art, 19 Armenians, relations of, with Jacobites, 245 Ash‘arí, 92 Attar’athé, sanctuary of, at Mabbog 214

Bábís, 101 Babylonians, science of, 17 Bagdad, 84; taken by Hulagu, 99, 241; building of, 129 Baidáwí, his commentary on the Koran, 57 Barhebræus, 236-256; his works, 255 Barsaumá, brother of Barhebræus, 253 Basra, 125, 147, 155, 158 Basshár, poet, 127 Bell, John, 275 Beru, son of Goshu, 267 Búids, 88

Caaba, veneration of, 66; carried from Mecca, 90 Calendar, Moslem, 70 Caliphate, 99 Cameron, Consul, 278 Catholicus, title explained, 244 Commander of the Faithful, title assumed by Caliph Omar, 76 Coppersmith, Yakúb the, 176 _et seq._ Cufa, 111, 125, 150

D’Abbadie quoted, 265 Damascus, capital of Omayyads, 81 De Jacobis, Bishop, 268 Dervishes, 97; of the Soudan, 283 Dionysius, Syrian Metropolitan, 238, 239 Dirhem, Sístánese leader, 177, 178 Dogmatic controversies in Islam, 90 Druses, 89

Egypt, conquered, 90, 99; sultans of, 99 _Emír Almúminín_, 76

Fakirs, 97 Fatimid Caliphs, 89 Flad, German missionary, 260 Freethinking in Islam, 95

Gallas, 271 Genealogical table, of the Háshimids, 110; of the Abbásids, 116; of the Omayyads, 120; of the Alids, 121; of the Táhirids, 187; of Yakúb’s dynasty, 205 _Ghulám_, 188 Gondar, 258 Goshu of Gojam, 266 Gypsies on lower Tigris, 152

Hákim, Fatimid Caliph, 89 Hárún ar-Rashíd, 84 Hasan, son of Alí, 81 Háshimids, 110 Háshimíya, 129 Házim, Mansúr’s general, 119 Heraclius, emperor, 60, 75 Hierapolis, sanctuary at, 214 Hulagu, grandson of Jenghiz Khan, 99, 242 Humaima, 109, 111 Husain, son of Alí, 82

Ibn Amíd, Coptic author, 241
Ibn Hobaira, supporter of Omayyads, 114
Ibn Khaldún, 99
Ibn Mas‘úd, his codex of the Koran, 53
Ibn Mokaffa, 141
Ibráhím, the Abbásid, 111, 125-127
Ignatius, Jacobite Patriarch, 243, 247
_Imám_, 66
Isá, Mansúr’s cousin, 124, 127, 140
_Islám_, 62
Ismáíl the Sámánid, 201
Islam, and Christianity, 5;
rise of, 60;
ethics of, 64;
theology of, 61;
external observances, 65;
survivals of heathenism, 66;
circumcision, 68;
dietary laws, 68;
Church and State, 69;
alms, 68;
position of women, 70;
slavery, 71;
characteristics of, 71;
and the Oriental Christians, 85;
law of, 93;
worship of saints, 102;
vitality of, 104;
headship of (caliphate), 99;
tradition, weight of, 93;
freethinking in, 95

Jacobites (Monophysite Syrians), 236; primate of, 244 John, Monophysite bishop of “Asia,” Church history by, 225 John Barmadeni, competitor for Jacobite Patriarchate, 239 Juristical schools of Islam, 93-95

Kadarites, 91 Karmatians, 89, 152 Kasa, 259 Kenfu, 260 Kerbelá, 82 Khalaf, son of Ahmed, 205 Khálid, Barmecide, 133 Khálid, the Sword of God, 73 _Khalífa_, 76 Kharijites, 80, 93, 119, 151 _Khawárij_, 80 Khazars, Mansúr’s relations with the, 138 Kházim, Mansúr’s general, 142 Khorásán, 109, 115, 118, 142, 179, 184 Khujastání, 196 Koran, 21-59; rationale of its revelation, 22; literary form, 25; abrogated readings, 27; contents, 28; histories of prophets and saints in, 29; style and artistic effect, 32, 35; Medina and Mecca súras, 39; three periods of, 40-46; initial letters, 47; redaction of Zaid, 49; Othmán’s edition, 50; codex of Obay, 53; reading styles, 55; commentators on, 56; translations, 58

Ledj, Abyssinian title, 262 Lúlú, his share in suppressing the Zenj, 172, 173

Maan, son of Záida, Omayyad general, 120 Madínat es-Salám, official name of Bagdad, 129 Mahdí, son of Mansúr, 123, 132 Mahmúd of Ghazni, 206 Makdala (Magdala), 272, 281 _Mamlúk_, 188 Mansúr, 107-145 Maphrián, Jacobite dignitary, 244 Márá, Syrian saint, 229-232 Marcus. _See_ Yavalláhá Maron, pillar-saint, 228 Maronites, 220 Maslama, the false prophet 49 Mecca, pilgrimage to, 66; plundered, 81; sherífs of, 100 Medina, 122, 124, 128 _Meisir_, 69 Menen, Abyssinian princess, 264 Menilek of Shoa, 263, 277 Merwán II., 112 Moáwiya, 79, 81 Mohammed, son of Abdalláh, the Alid, 120 Mohammed, the Kurd, 162, 197 Mohammed, the Táhirid, 180, 183 Mohammed, son of Wásil, 182, 189 Mohammed Ali of Egypt, 103 Mokhtár, revolutionary leader, 149 Mokhtára, town of, 156, 167 Mongols, 99, 238, 242 Morocco, sultans of, 101 Moslem calendar, 70 Motadid, Caliph, 164, 199 Motamid, Caliph, 158, 170, 191 Mowaffak, brother of Motamid, 158, 160, 174, 195 Munzinger, Werner, 281 Músá, the Turk, 161 _Muslim_, 62 Mutazila, 91

Negusié of Tigré, 272 Neháwend, battle of, 75 Nestorians, 219, 244, 249 Níshábúr 184, 199, 200 Nosairians, 89

Obaidalláh, founder of Fatimid dynasty, 89 Obay, codex of, 53 Obolla, 157 Okba of Yemen, 143 Omar, Caliph, 74 Omar II., 82 Omayyads, 78, 81, 120, 143 Othmán, Caliph, 77 Othmán’s edition of the Koran, 50 Ottoman Turks, 99

Párs, 179;
conquest of, 189
Paul, Syrian hermit, 229
Persia, in conflict with Islam, 74;
invaded by Mongols, 99;
Shíite States in, 101;
conquered by Arabs, 109;
Eastern, or Irán, 176
Philology, Arabian, 17
Plowden, consul, 275

Quara, 260

Ráfi, his conflict with Amr, 199 Ráfika, founded by Mansúr, 131 Ras Ali of Abyssinia, 258 Rassam, 280 Ráwendí, the, 119 Riyáh, governor of Medina, 122 Rustem, Persian general, 75

Saffáh (Abul-Abbás), Caliph, 113-115 Saffár. _See_ Yakúb the Coppersmith St. Barsaumá, monastery of 236 Saints, Moslem, 97, 102; histories of, 29; Syrian, 207 _et seq._ _Salat_, 65 Sámánids in Transoxania, 201 Sámarrá, 158 Sampádh, revolt against Mansúr, 118 Sefid empire of Persia, 101 Selím I., 99 Seljuk Turks, 98 Semites, characteristics of, 1-20; religion, 5; asceticism, 9; political life, 11; military talent, 14; intellectual ability, 15; poetry of, 18; art of, 19 Sergius, disciple of Simeon of Amid, 227-229 Servile war in the East, 146-175 Shammar, kingdom of the, 104 _Shía_, 79 Shíites, 79, 88, 101 Shíráz, captured by Yakúb, 180 Shoa, 259 Simeon the physician, 243, 247 Simeon of Amid, 226 Simeon Stylites, 210-225 Sístán, 176 Súfis, mysticism of, 96 Sulaimán, Zenj general, 147, 172 _Sunna_, 61, 89 Sunnites, 89, 101 Susiana, 158, 161, 192 Syrians, poetry of, 18 Syrian saints, 207-235

Tabarí, 57, 175 Tagrít, Barhebræus at, 249 Táhir, grandson of Amr, 205 Táhirids, governors of Khorásán, 177, 178, 187 Tauk, defeat of, by Yakúb, 180 Telnishé, 212; church at, 223 Tewabetch, daughter of Ras Ali, 264, 276 Theodora, Empress, and Márá, 230 Theodore of Abyssinia, 257-284 Theodoret, Bishop of Cyrrhus, 214, 224 Theophilus and Mary, 233-235 Tigré, 258 Tradition, weight of, in Islam, 93 _Transoxania_, 201 Turks, acceptance of Islam by the, 98

Ubié, Abyssinian ruler, 268

Von Kremer, 133

Wahhabites, 5, 103 Walíd II., Omayyad caliph, 108 Wásit, 114, 162 Wollos (Gallas), 258, 270

Yakúb the Coppersmith, 162, 167, 206 Yakúb’s dynasty, 205 Yavalláhá, Nestorian Patriarch, 250 Yezíd, governor of Kairawán, 143 Yezíd, son of Moáwiya, 82

Zaid, his redaction of the Koran, 49 Zamakhsharí, his commentary on the Koran, 57 Zaranka, 176 Zenj, revolt of the, 149-174 Zereng, 176

MORRISON AND GIBB, PRINTERS, EDINBURGH.

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[The end of _Sketches from Eastern History_, by Theodor Nöldeke.]

End of Project Gutenberg's Sketches from Eastern History, by Theodor Nöldeke