Chapter XXII: Appendix: II

PRINCIPAL EVENTS OF SPANISH HISTORY.

A.D.

Visigoth kings rule from 414 to 711
Entry of Moors, battle of Guadelete, death of last
Visigothic king 31 July, 711
Reconquest begun by Pelayo at Covadonga in the Asturias 719
Toledo captured by Alphonso VI. 1085
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa 1212
Final union of Leon and Castile 1230
Alphonso X. (Law Codes: The Fuero Real and Las Siete
Partidas) 1252
Union of Aragon with Castile under Ferdinand and
Isabella 1474
Inquisition established (first Auto de Fe, 1488) 1484
Conquest of Granada 1492
Discovery of America 1492
Expulsion of Moors from Castile, 1501; from Granada 1502
Conquest of Naples and Sicily 1504
_Austrian Dynasty_:--Philip I. and Joanna 1504
Charles I. (Emperor of Germany, Charles V.) 1516
War of Comunidades of Castile, Battle of Villalar 1521
Battle of Pavia, Francis I. prisoner 1525
Capture of Tunis 1535
Abdication of Charles I. 1556
Philip II.:--Greatest extension of Spanish monarchy, comprising
Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, Sardinia,
Milan, Roussillon, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg,
Franche-Comte, Tunis, Oran, the Canaries, Fernando
Po, St. Helena, The Americas, Philippine Isles, &c.
Insurrection of Low Countries 1566
First rebellion and expulsion of Moriscos 1568
Battle of Lepanto 1571
League of Provinces and independence of Holland, 25 Jan., 1579
Conquest of Portugal (1580-1640) 1580
Defeat of Armada 1588
Death of Philip II. 1598
Final expulsion of Moriscos 1609
Insurrection of Catalonia 1640
Loss of Portugal 1640
Battle of Rocroy 1643
Peace of the Pyrenees and marriage of Louis XIV. 1659
Death of Charles II., last of Austrian dynasty 29 Oct., 1700

_Bourbon Dynasty_:--War of Succession between Archduke
Charles and Philip V., 1701-13
Loss of Gibraltar 1704
Treaty of Utrecht 1713
Salic Law voted in Cortes 1713
Abolition of Constitution of Catalonia 1716
Charles III. 1759
Family Pact 1761
Expulsion of Jesuits 1767
Siege of Gibraltar 1782
Charles IV. 1788
Godoy, Prince of Peace 1795
Battle of Trafalgar 1805
Abdication of Charles IV. 1808
Ferdinand VII., Renunciation at Bayonne 1808
Joseph Bonaparte, King (1808-14)
Uprising of Spain 2 May, 1808
Peninsular War, 1808-14
Expulsion of French 1814
Cortes of Cadiz, suppression of Inquisition, of
Feudal Rights, and establishment of Constitution 1812
Return of Ferdinand VII., Inquisition re-established,
and Constitution abolished 1814
Insurrection of Riego, new Constitution (1820-23) 1820
Invasion of French, violation of Constitution 1823
Loss of American colonies. Buenos Ayres 1811
Chili 1818
Columbia 1819
Mexico 1821
Peru 1824
Absolutism till death of Ferdinand VII. (1823-33).
Birth of Isabella II., abolition of Salic Law, expulsion
of Don Carlos 1830
Death of Ferdinand VII. 1833
Regency of Christina, the queen-mother, 1833; expelled
1840 1833
First Carlist War, 1833-39.
Majority of Isabella II. 1844
War with Morocco 1860
Insurrection and expulsion of Isabella 1868
Provisional Government, 1868-70 1868
Amadeo I., November, 1870, to February, 1873 1870
Republic, Cantonalist insurrections 1873
Second Carlist War, 1873-76.
Alphonso XII. Dec., 1874
Don Carlos entered France, February, 1876 1876
Abolition of Basque Fueros 1876
Downfall of Canovas del Castillo 1881