Chapter III: Preface: 5

CHAPTER

I. A RECONNAISSANCE, AND SOME INFORMAL GEOGRAPHY 11

II. A HISTORICAL OUTLINE 40

III. CENTRAL AMERICA: GUATEMALA, HONDURAS,
BRITISH HONDURAS, NICARAGUA, SALVADOR,
COSTA RICA, PANAMA 63

IV. ANCIENT AND MODERN MEXICO 99

V. ALONG THE PACIFIC COAST: IN COLOMBIA,
ECUADOR AND PERU 151

VI. ALONG THE PACIFIC COAST: IN PERU, BOLIVIA
AND CHILE 176

VII. THE CORDILLERA OF THE ANDES: IN ECUADOR,
PERU AND BOLIVIA 209

VIII. THE CORDILLERA OF THE ANDES: IN BOLIVIA,
CHILE AND ARGENTINA 266

INDEX 291

ILLUSTRATIONS

COLON: STATUE REPRESENTING COLUMBUS PROTECTING
THE INDIANS _Frontispiece_

TO FACE PAGE

AVENIDA CENTRAL, RIO DE JANEIRO 20

THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATION: STONE STELÆ AT QUIRIGUA,
CENTRAL AMERICA 32

THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATION: RUINS OF MITLA, MEXICO 60

THE CATHEDRAL, GUATEMALA 70

THE CITY OF GUATEMALA 80

A COFFEE ESTABLISHMENT IN CENTRAL AMERICA 86

CUTTING SUGAR-CANE IN CENTRAL AMERICA 96

SCENE ON THE GREAT PLATEAU, MEXICO 104

THE CATHEDRAL, CITY OF MEXICO 114

CORDOVA AND THE PEAK OF ORIZABA, STATE OF VERA
CRUZ 132

VILLAGE ON THE PACIFIC SLOPE, MEXICO 140

VIEW ON THE GRIJALVA AND USUMACINTA RIVERS, MEXICO 150

THE WHARF AT GUAYAQUIL 158

CULTIVATED LANDS ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF PERU 176

THE LANDING STAGE AT VALPARAISO 198

THE MALLECO RIVER AND BRIDGE, CHILE 206

THE APPROACH TO QUITO 222

PIZARRO, THE CONQUISTADOR 240

IN THE PERUVIAN ANDES 250

PERU, LLAMAS AND ALPACAS 260

PERU: NATIVE BLANKET WEAVER IN THE ANDES 260

THE RUINED INCA FORTRESS OF OLLANTAYTAMBO, PERU 264

INDIAN RAFTS ON LAKE TITICACA 274

ACONCAGUA, THE HIGHEST ANDINE PEAK, CHILE 288

SPANISH AMERICA